JPH08121186A - Mechanical supercharger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To generate cooling air for air-condition from a low speed rotating range sufficiently by pressurizing intake gas of an engine by an engine-driven air compressor, supplying intake gas to the engine, and also feeding intake gas from a cooling air flow passage through a cooling air valve, and also cooling intake gas by adiabatic expansion, and then feeding intake gas for air-conditioning. CONSTITUTION: Rotating speed of an engine is changed by inputting rotation on a belt type continuously variable transmission 7 through an electromagnetic clutch 9 and an input shaft 49, and is increased by an accelerating mechanism 5 so as to rotate each of impellers 25, 27 of an air compressor 3 and a turbine 13 at high speed. In an air compressor 3, outside air is sucked and discharged inward an intake flow passage 15 so as to cool an intercooler 19. After that, the outside air is supplied to an engine. In this case, a cooling air flow passage 19 is branched from the intake passage 15, and branched cooling air is supplied to the turbine 13 through a cooling air valve 21 so as to cool the impeller 27 by adiabatic expansion while rotating the impeller 27. And after that, it is supplied to an air-conditioning device though a cooling air pipe 59 so as to utilize it for air conditioning in a car room.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mechanical supercharger capable of obtaining cool air for air conditioning in addition to supercharging pressure of an engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-15539 discloses a vehicle cooling device 201 as shown in FIG. this is,
The high-temperature and high-pressure intake air generated by the air compressor 205 of the turbocharger 203 is cooled by the intercooler 207, and a part of the intake air is cooled by the turbine 21 of the turbocharger 209.
In step 1, adiabatic expansion is performed to produce cold air for cooling the passenger compartment. Air compressor 21 of turbocharger 209
The high-temperature, high-pressure intake air generated in No. 3 is cooled by the intercooler 207 to supercharge the engine 215 and drive the turbine 211.

[0003]

However, the turbine 211 for producing the cold air as described above is driven by the air pressure of the air compressor 205, and the air compressor 205 is driven by the engine 21.
In the configuration driven by the exhaust turbine 217 of No. 5, the rotation speed of the exhaust turbine 217 is low when the engine 215 is rotating at a low speed, the required air pressure is not supplied to the turbine 211, and the cooling does not work.

In addition to this, in this cooling device 201, 2
A set of turbochargers 203 and 209 is required, the configuration is complicated, and the arrangement space is wide.

Therefore, the present invention provides a mechanical supercharger which has a simple structure and can be arranged in a narrow space, supercharges the engine, and can obtain sufficient air-conditioning cool air from the low speed rotation range of the engine. To aim.

[0006]

A mechanical supercharger of the first invention is an air compressor driven by a driving force of an engine, a cooler for cooling intake air pressurized by the air compressor, and the cooling device. Intake flow path that supplies high-pressure intake air cooled by the reactor to the engine through the throttle valve,
A cool air flow path that branches the intake air from the cooler, a turbine that adiabatically expands and cools the high-pressure intake air that is branched through the cool air flow path to be used for air conditioning, and a cool air valve that is arranged in the cool air flow path. It is characterized in that the flow rates of the intake passage and the cold air passage are adjusted by adjusting the opening degrees of the throttle valve and the cold air passage.

The mechanical supercharger of the second invention is the mechanical supercharger according to claim 1, wherein the rotor of the turbine and the rotor of the air compressor are connected to each other.

A mechanical supercharger according to a third aspect of the present invention is the mechanical supercharger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotor of the air compressor is connected to the engine via a transmission.

A mechanical supercharger according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is provided with a blow-off valve for releasing high pressure on the discharge side of the air compressor generated when the throttle valve is rapidly closed. It is a machine.

[0010]

In the mechanical supercharger of each invention, the intake air of the engine is pressurized by the engine-driven air compressor and cooled by the cooler, and then supplied to the engine from the intake passage through the throttle valve. It is sent from the cold air passage to the turbine through the cold air valve, adiabatically expanded, further cooled, and provided for air conditioning. The distribution ratio of cold air and supercharged air is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the cold air valve and the throttle valve.

As described above, the turbine generating cold air is driven by the air compressor, and the air compressor is driven by the driving force of the engine. Therefore, unlike the conventional example in which the turbine that generates cold air is driven by the air pressure of the turbocharger, the air compressor generates air pressure and supplies it to the turbine even in the low-speed rotation range of the engine, so it is sufficient from the low-speed rotation range of the engine. You can get cool air for air conditioning.

Further, since the turbine is only one turbine for cold air, the structure is simple and can be made into one unit, and it can be arranged in a narrow space.

In the mechanical supercharger of the second invention, since the rotor of the turbine is connected to the rotor of the air compressor,
In addition to being easily integrated into one unit, the rotation of the turbine is fed back to the engine and the air compressor to recover energy and improve the efficiency of the mechanical supercharger.

In the mechanical supercharger of the third invention, the air compressor is driven by the engine via the transmission. Therefore, by combining with the speed increasing mechanism, the discharge air pressure of the air compressor in the low engine speed region can be improved.

In the mechanical supercharger of the fourth aspect of the present invention, due to the high pressure generated when the throttle valve is rapidly closed by the blow-off valve, the cold air passage, the cold air valve, the turbine, the cooler, the air compressor, the intake air passage, etc. Be protected.

[0016]

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 and Table 1. FIG. 1 shows a mechanical supercharger 1 of this embodiment, and Table 1
4 is an operation table showing an operation pattern of the mechanical supercharger 1 with respect to a load state of a vehicle and an ON-OFF state of a vehicle compartment air conditioner. It should be noted that members and the like to which reference numerals are not given are not shown.

As shown in FIG. 1, the mechanical supercharger 1 includes a centrifugal air compressor 3 and a planetary gear type speed increasing mechanism 5.
(Transmission device), belt type continuously variable transmission 7 (transmission device), electromagnetic clutch 9, intercooler 11 (cooler), centrifugal turbine 13, intake passage 15, throttle valve 17,
Cold air flow path 19, cold air valve 21, blow-off valve 23
And so on.

The impellers 25 and 27 (rotors) of the air compressor 3 and the turbine 13 are directly connected via an impeller shaft 29, and the impeller shaft 29 is rotatably supported by a casing 33 by floating bushes 31 and 31. .

The internal gear 35 of the speed increasing mechanism 5 is formed integrally with the hollow shaft 37. Impeller shaft 29
Penetrates this hollow shaft 37, and the hollow shaft 37
The casing 33 is supported by 9, 39. The pinion gear 41 is supported by a shaft 45 by a bearing 43, and the shaft 45 is supported at its end by the casing 33. The sun gear 47 is formed on the impeller shaft 29.

The belt type continuously variable transmission 7 is arranged between the hollow shaft 37 and the input shaft 49. The input shaft 49 is supported by the casing 33 by bearings 51, 51, and is connected to the crankshaft 53 of the engine via the electromagnetic clutch 9. Between the input shaft 49 and the casing 33,
A seal 55 for preventing oil leakage is arranged between the impeller shaft 29 and the casing 33.

The rotation of the engine is input to the belt type continuously variable transmission 7 via the electromagnetic clutch 9 and the input shaft 49 to be changed in speed, and is increased in speed by the speed increasing mechanism 5 so that the impellers of the air compressor 3 and the turbine 13 are increased. Rotate 25 and 27 at high speed.

The air compressor 3 sucks the outside air from the air filter through the intake pipe 57 and discharges it to the intake passage 15. An intercooler 11 is arranged in the intake passage 15 and cools the high-temperature and high-pressure intake air from the air compressor 3. The cooled intake air is supplied to the engine via the throttle valve 17.

The cold air flow passage 19 is branched from the intake air flow passage 15, and the cold air branched from the intake air flow passage 15 to the cool air flow passage 19 is sent to the turbine 13 via the cold air valve 21.

The intake air sent to the turbine 13 is the impeller 2
7 is rotated, and adiabatic expansion is performed to cool the cold air tube 5.
It is sent to the air conditioner via 9 and is used for air conditioning of the passenger compartment.

The rotation of the turbine 13 is fed back from the impeller shaft 29 to the impeller 25 of the air compressor 3 to accelerate the rotation, and is also fed back to the engine via the speed increasing mechanism 5 and the belt type continuously variable transmission 7. Reduce the load on. In this way, energy is recovered and the efficiency of the mechanical supercharger 1 is improved.

A bypass passage 61 is provided to connect the intake passage 15 and the intake pipe 57 of the air compressor 3, and the blow-off valve 23 is arranged in the bypass passage 61. The blow-off valve 23 is closed by the force of the spring, and opens when the pressure in the intake passage 15 becomes equal to or higher than the set pressure, and releases excess pressure from the intake pipe 57 to the outside air side.

The controller adjusts the opening of the throttle valve 17 and the cold air valve 21 and shifts the belt type continuously variable transmission 7 based on the following operation patterns.

Next, referring to Table 1, this operation pattern will be described.

Pattern 1 corresponds to a vehicle state in which the engine load is low and the air conditioner is ON. At this time, the cold air valve 21 is opened with the throttle valve 17 slightly opened.

Therefore, most of the intake air cooled by the intercooler 11 is the turbine 1 as shown by the arrow 63 in FIG.
The flow goes to 3 and the air conditioner operates at full capacity. The belt type continuously variable transmission 7 shifts in the speed increasing direction when it is desired to increase the air conditioning capacity, and shifts in the deceleration direction when decreasing the air conditioning capacity.
The intake pressure is negative because the opening of the throttle valve 17 is small. The blow-off valve 23 is closed.

Pattern 2 corresponds to a vehicle state in which the engine load is high and the air conditioner is ON. At this time, the belt type continuously variable transmission 7 is set to the speed increasing state and the throttle valve 1
With the valve 7 open, the opening degree of the cold air valve 21 is adjusted between a slightly opened state and a fully closed state.

Therefore, most of the intake air cooled by the intercooler 11 flows to the engine side as shown by the arrow 65 in FIG. 1 to improve the power performance. The intake pressure becomes positive pressure.
The remaining intake air flows to the turbine 13 as indicated by the arrow 67, and the air conditioning capacity is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the cold air valve 21.

The blow-off valve 23 is opened by receiving the high pressure generated on the discharge side of the air compressor 3 when the throttle valve 17 is rapidly closed in such a high boost pressure state, and is opened from the bypass passage 61 via the intake pipe 57. And release excess high pressure to the outside air. In this way, the cold air flow path 19, the cold air valve 21, the turbine 13, the intercooler 11, the air compressor 3, the intake air flow path 15, etc. are protected from high pressure.

Pattern 3 corresponds to a vehicle state in which the engine load is low and the air conditioner is off. in this way,
In Pattern 3, neither supercharging of the engine nor air conditioning is required, so the electromagnetic clutch 9 is disengaged to stop the operation of the mechanical supercharger 1 to prevent power loss of the engine. At this time, the throttle valve 17 is slightly open and the intake pressure is negative. The blow-off valve 23 is closed.

Pattern 4 corresponds to a vehicle state in which the engine load is high and the air conditioner is off. At this time, the belt type continuously variable transmission 7 is accelerated, the throttle valve 17 is fully opened, and the cold air valve 21 is fully closed.

Therefore, all of the intake air cooled by the intercooler 11 flows to the engine side as shown by the arrow 65 in FIG. 1 and greatly improves the power performance. The intake pressure becomes positive pressure. The blow-off valve 23 protects peripheral devices and members from the high pressure generated when the throttle valve 17 is rapidly closed, as in the case of the pattern 2.

Thus, the mechanical supercharger 1 is constructed.

As described above, the turbine 1 for generating cold air
3 is driven by the air compressor 3, and the air compressor 3
Since it is configured to be driven by the engine driving force, unlike the conventional example in which the turbine is driven by the air pressure of the turbocharger, the air compressor 3 generates sufficient air pressure even in the low speed rotation range of the engine and the turbine 13 is driven. Is driven. Therefore, sufficient cooling air for air conditioning can be obtained from the low speed rotation range of the engine.

By connecting the air compressor 3 and the impellers 25 and 27 of the turbine 13 (configuration of the second invention), the rotation of the turbine 13 is fed back to the engine and the air compressor 3 to recover energy. Efficiency is improved.

Further, the turbine is only the turbine 13 for cold air and has a simple structure. Further, since the impellers 25 and 27 are directly connected and the whole is made into one unit, it can be arranged in a narrow space.

The speed of the air compressor is increased through the speed increasing mechanism 5 and the belt type continuously variable transmission 7 (structure of the third invention).
Therefore, the air compressor discharge air pressure in the low engine speed region can be sufficiently improved. Further, since the speed increasing rate is large in this way, it is not necessary to increase the diameter of the impeller or to form a multi-stage structure, and the air compressor 3 and the turbine 13 can be made compact and lightweight.

The blow-off valve 23 can protect peripheral equipment and members from the high pressure generated when the throttle valve 17 is suddenly closed (configuration of the fourth invention).

In the present invention, the air compressor is not limited to the centrifugal type, but may be, for example, a roots type, a vane type, a screw type or the like. In the low speed rotation type, the speed increasing mechanism may not be used.

[0044]

In the mechanical supercharger of each invention, the turbine for producing cool air is driven by the air pressure of the engine-driven air compressor. Therefore, unlike the conventional example, sufficient cool air can be obtained even in the low speed rotation range of the engine. The structure is simple,
It can be integrated into one unit, and the installation space is small.

In the structure of the second invention in which the rotors of the air compressor and the turbine are connected, energy is recovered,
Efficiency is improved.

In the third aspect of the invention in which the air compressor is connected to the engine via the transmission, the compressor discharge air pressure in the low engine speed region can be sufficiently improved.

In the structure of the fourth invention using the blow-off valve, the peripheral equipment and members are protected from the high pressure generated when the throttle valve is suddenly closed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an operation pattern of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mechanical supercharger 3 Air compressor 5 Speed increasing mechanism 5 (transmission device) 7 Belt type continuously variable transmission 7 (transmission device) 11 Intercooler 11 (cooler) 13 Turbine 15 Intake flow path 17 Throttle valve 19 Cold air flow Road 21 Cold air valve 23 Blow-off valve

Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI technical display location // F02C 3/04

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An air compressor driven by a driving force of an engine, a cooler for cooling intake air pressurized by the air compressor, and a high-pressure intake air cooled by the cooler via a throttle valve. The intake air flow path for supplying the intake air from the cooler, the cold air flow path for branching the intake air from the cooler, the turbine for adiabatically expanding and cooling the high-pressure intake air that has been branched through the cold air flow path, and the air flow path for cooling, A mechanical supercharger, comprising: a cold air valve disposed in the air conditioner; and adjusting flow rates of the intake air flow path and the cold air flow path by adjusting the opening of the throttle valve and the cold air valve. 2. The mechanical supercharger according to claim 1, wherein the rotor of the turbine and the rotor of the air compressor are connected to each other. 3. The mechanical supercharger according to claim 1, wherein the rotor of the air compressor is connected to the engine via a transmission. 4. The mechanical supercharger according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a blow-off valve for releasing high pressure on the discharge side of the air compressor generated when the throttle valve is rapidly closed.