JPH08118121A - Drilling center with automatic tool changer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To suppress to a minimum limit interference between an adjacent tool and workpiece or headstock in the case of rotating the tool in a tool magazine indexed in a spindle position, by providing an indexing device for rotating the tool in the tool magazine indexed in the spindle position. CONSTITUTION: A frame 7 of a tool magazine 4 is turnably journalled to a shaft 14 through bearings B1, B2 in a bearing holder BH fixed to a center part of a roof 8 of this frame. Here is placed the shaft 14 in a plane of making an acute angle relating to a vertical plane including a spindle axial line, further in this plane to tilt the shaft in a spindle front end side by making an acute angle βrelating to the spindle axial line. Thus in the case of turn-indexing a prescribed tool T1 in the tool magazine 4, against a tool adjacent to this tool T1, interference with a workpiece or headstock can be suppressed to a minimum limit.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drilling center with an automatic tool changer. More specifically, the tool in the tool magazine mounted on the upper part of the tool spindle head is directly exchanged with the spindle of the tool spindle head, and the workpiece held by the spindle chuck of the workpiece spindle stock is rotatable and indexable. Relates to a drilling center with an automatic tool changer for performing machining by controlling the movement of the tool spindle head while swiveling and indexing about a vertical axis orthogonal to the spindle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as machine tools with an automatic tool changer of a method of directly exchanging tools between a spindle end and a tool magazine, for example, Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 46-39399 and 47-18273 are disclosed. Are known. The former tool magazine is called a quill system, and the tool on the tool magazine indexed to the spindle position is attached to or removed from the spindle end by moving the quill in the spindle axis direction.

In the latter tool magazine, an endless chain is provided with a plurality of tool holders, and a plurality of tools are rotatably supported by the tool holders via bearings, respectively, and indexed to the spindle position. When the tool on the tool magazine is attached to the end of the spindle by the movement of the spindle in the axial direction, the spindle is rotated while being supported by the tool holder for machining.

[0004]

As described above, in the case of the former quill system, the quill rigidity is low in order to increase the amount of movement of the quill in the direction of the main axis, so that the amount of movement of the quill is limited. Have. In the latter case, the bearing part of the tool holder generates heat, which makes it difficult to use under high-speed rotation.In both cases, the structure of the tool magazine becomes larger, so this is mounted on the spindle head. If it is used for a long time, it will be affected by vibration and the like and will adversely affect the processing accuracy, so it was not suitable for use in a small machine tool for processing round objects. The present invention has been invented in the above technical background, and achieves the following objects.

It is an object of the present invention to minimize the interference between the adjacent tool and the work or the headstock when rotationally indexing the tool in the tool magazine to the spindle position, especially for the round work. An object of the present invention is to provide a drilling center with an automatic tool changer equipped with a tool magazine suitable for a small machine tool for machining.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the following means are taken.

A drilling center with an automatic tool changer according to a first aspect of the present invention holds a workpiece so that it can be rotationally indexed on a horizontal spindle, and at the same time, swivels around a vertical axis orthogonal to the spindle axis. Possible work headstock, a tool spindle head having a spindle holding a rotationally driven tool and being controlled to move in mutually orthogonal axial directions in a horizontal plane, and a tool magazine mounted on the upper part of the tool spindle head And the tool magazine includes an indexing device for rotationally indexing at least one tool of the tool magazine to the spindle position, and a tool holder for holding the tool in the tool magazine. , A tool holding release mechanism for releasing the holding of the tool holder when the tool is rotationally indexed to the spindle position.

In the drilling center with the automatic tool changer according to the invention of claim 2, the tool magazine comprises a frame fixed around the tool magazine, and the frame allows the respective tools to be inserted therethrough. When the tool in the tool magazine having an insertion hole is rotationally indexed to the spindle position, the tool holder and the engaging portion of the tool with the tool holder are isolated from the machining area. And

[0009]

The drilling center with automatic tool changer according to the present invention, when at least one tool of the tool magazine mounted on the upper part of the tool spindle head is rotationally indexed to the spindle position, the tool holding release mechanism is used to hold the tool. It is possible to release the holding of the body and perform the drilling of the round workpiece with the tool (drill, reamer, tap, etc.) attached to the spindle.

The workpiece held on the workpiece headstock is rotationally indexable on the spindle and is pivotally indexed about a vertical axis perpendicular to the spindle axis. The frame in the tool magazine isolates the tool holder and the engagement portion of the tool with the tool holder from the machining area when the tool in the tool magazine is rotationally indexed to the spindle position.

[0011]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state in which a tool magazine is attached to a small machine tool (hereinafter referred to as a drilling center) showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the drilling center, and FIG. 3 is the drilling center. It is a side view which shows the state which removed the tool magazine of FIG.

1 to 3, 1 is a drilling center for machining a round workpiece or the like, 2 is a bed, and a spindle head 3 is placed on the bed 2 and axial directions orthogonal to each other in a horizontal plane, that is, a servomotor. A spindle head 4 controlled by an X-axis ball screw 37 controlled by 36 and a Z-axis ball screw 39 controlled by a servomotor 38, 4 is a tool magazine mounted on the upper part of the spindle head, and the spindle head 5 is on the bed 2. The headstock is mounted and supported by a cylinder 40 so as to be pivotally indexable on the B-axis through a well-known indexing mechanism.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, a spindle (not shown) having a chuck 6 for gripping a work piece at its tip is rotatably indexed to the spindle stock 5 in a horizontal direction.
The main axis can be indexed on the B axis between a position shown in the figure (a position parallel to the Z axis) and a position orthogonal to the main position (a position parallel to the X axis), and in the middle thereof.

In this case, although not shown, a gate-type ceiling-traveling robot that travels parallel to the spindle axis is provided above the spindle chuck 6 shown in FIG. It is possible to mass-produce and to improve productivity by carrying in and out of the main shaft chuck 6.

The operation of the machine tool thus constructed will be described below. The chuck 6 of the headstock 5 is caused to grip a workpiece (for example, a round workpiece) by a gate-type ceiling traveling robot (not shown). Here, as an example of machining, a predetermined tool T1 is indexed to the spindle position by the tool magazine 4, C axis control by a drive source (servo motor) (not shown) of the chuck 6 of the spindle stock 5 and X of the spindle head 3. With the axis control, it is possible to perform horizontal hole machining on the front surface of the workpiece. Next, the headstock 5 is swiveled and indexed at right angles by B-axis control, and then the Z-axis control of the spindle head 3 can be used to perform hole machining on the front surface of the workpiece.

Next, the tool magazine mounted on the upper portion of the spindle head 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the tool magazine mounted on the upper part of the spindle head, FIG. 5 is a front view of the spindle head showing a state in which the tools of the tool magazine are indexed to the spindle position, and FIG. 6 is a tool magazine cover. It is explanatory drawing of the Geneva mechanism seen from the upper surface.

As shown in FIG. 4, a frame 7 forming a part of the tool magazine 4 comprises a flat polygonal top plate 8 and a part of a polygonal pyramid provided below the periphery of the top plate 8. It is composed of an eggplant skirt portion 9, and the frame 7 is 10 in this embodiment.
It is formed in a rectangular shape. A pair of grasping claws 1 for holding a tool as shown in FIG.
10 sets of tool holders 10 each consisting of 0a and 10b are attached.

The frame 7 also plays the role of a dust-proof cover for covering the tool, the grip of the spindle, and the magazine from coolant and chips. The tool holder 10 is in a state of projecting downward from the bottom of the skirt 9. The gripping claws 10a and 10b are pivotally supported at their substantially central portions via pins P1 and P2, and the upper ends of the gripping claws 10a and 10b are separated from each other to form a gap. Compression spring 1 in the hole formed in the facing surface
No. 1 is attached and is pressed and biased in the direction of opening the gap. Therefore, the other tools T including the tools T1 and T2 are
The groove TM (engagement portion with the tool holder) of the tool shown in FIG. 7 is elastically gripped by the pressing force of the compression spring 11 by a and 10b.

The gripping claws 10a, 10b have U-shaped recesses 12 formed at the contact portions on the side of the pins P1, P2 which pivotally support them.
The holding claw 1 is held by the lock member 13 that elastically presses the pin TP having a tapered tip from the direction perpendicular to the paper surface shown in FIG.
The gripped state of 0a and 10b is maintained to prevent inadvertent opening due to some impact or the like (see FIG. 4).

The frame 7 is provided with a shaft 14 via bearings B1 and B2 in a bearing holder BH fixed to the center of the top plate 8.
It is rotatably supported by. In this case, the shaft 14 is in a plane that forms an acute angle α with respect to a vertical plane including the spindle axis, and further, in this plane, forms an acute angle β with the spindle axis and is inclined toward the spindle front end side. Specifically, the shaft 14
Is an acute angle β of 25 ° with respect to the vertical axis perpendicular to the main axis.
It is held in a state of being inclined toward the front end side of the main shaft and having an acute angle α of 15 ° on the servo motor 36 side with respect to a vertical plane including the main shaft axis.

In order to obtain the inclination of the shaft 14 in the three-dimensional direction, the structure S supporting the shaft 14 (see FIG. 5).
Is configured as follows. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a pair of linear guide rails 16a and 16b are fixed to the inclined upper surface of the base 15 placed on the top of the spindle head 3, and the linear guide rails 16a and 16b are provided with a movable base. A pair of linear guide rails 1 fixed to the bottom of 18
7a and 17b are slidably engaged with each other.

The movable table 18 can be moved forward and backward by a cylinder 19 in parallel with the axis of the main shaft. The forward and backward movement ends of the movable table 18 detect a dog DG protruding from the lower portion of the side surface thereof by a proximity switch 35 (only one side is shown). are doing. The flange 20 of the shaft 14 is fixed to the inclined upper surface of the movable table 18. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, a Geneva cam 21 is fixed to the back surface of the central portion of the top plate 8. The Geneva cam 21 is indexed by an indexing pin 23a of a drive cam 22 which is rotationally driven by a hydraulic motor OM. The tool T in the tool magazine 4 can be indexed to the spindle position at high speed. In this way, the indexing position of the Geneva cam 21 can be detected by the proximity switch 30.

When the tool used is swivel-indexed to the spindle position,
Each surface of the skirt portion 9 is a surface orthogonal to the spindle axis at the tip of the spindle. In this way, by supporting the upper part of the spindle head 3 in the above-described inclined state, when the predetermined tool T1 in the tool magazine 4 is rotationally indexed, the work or the headstock 5 is attached to the tool adjacent to the tool T1. Interference with can be minimized.

On the other hand, a tool holding release mechanism BR is provided on the front surface of the spindle head 3, and the tool holding release mechanism BR has a hydraulic cylinder 24 fixed to the upper front portion of the spindle head 3 and a rod of the hydraulic cylinder 24. A horizontal actuating rod 2 attached to the No. 25 and having a pair of cam followers 26a and 26b at both ends.
7 and 7. The tool holding / releasing mechanism BR configured as described above moves the movable table 18 to the right end shown in FIG. 4 to insert the tool T1 into the tool spindle, and then lowers the operating rod 27 by the operation of the cylinder 24 to move the pair of pairs. Cam follower 2
6a and 26b contact the upper end chamfered portions of the grip claws 10a and 10b.

The chamfered corners are cam followers 26a, 2
Since it is formed larger than the interval of 6b, the grip claw 10
The gaps at the upper ends of a and 10b are compressed against the biasing force of the compression spring 11. Prior to this operation, the spindle head 3 of the lock member 13 shown in FIG.
The side protrusion 13a and the front end surface 3a of the spindle head 3 come into contact with each other, so that the grip claws 10a and 10b can be released. When the grip claws 10a and 10b are opened, one grip claw 10b is provided.
The proximity switch 29 detects the detection piece 28 fixed to the side surface of the, and this detection signal can be used as the condition for starting the spindle.

Next, the cover of the tool magazine 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. That is, FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the cover of the main shaft portion, and FIG. 8 is a front view showing the cover of the main shaft portion. As shown in the figure, the frame 7 is configured so as to wrap the outer periphery of the magazine, and a tool cover 31 having a recessed step is attached to the lower end of each surface (10 surfaces) of the skirt portion 9 so as to extend. There is.

The tool cover 31 is formed with insertion holes H1, H2 ... Through which the mounting portion of the tool T can be inserted. Therefore, when the predetermined tool T1 is indexed to the position of the spindle head tip SE, the insertion hole H1 is accurately indexed on the spindle axis to isolate the groove TM of the tool and the tool holder 10 from the outer working area, It is possible to prevent chips and coolant from entering during processing. Thus, the spindle head tip SE is always covered by the tool cover 31, and the tool T can be attached and detached in this state.

The bottom of the tool magazine 4 is covered with a fixed cover 41. Although the tool cover 31 is attached to the lower portion of the skirt portion 9 in the above embodiment,
The tool cover 31 may be formed integrally with the skirt portion 9. For this reason, the skirt portion 9 and the tool cover 31 are functionally duplicated, and it is convenient to distinguish them by the names.

With the above construction, it is possible to index the headstock 5 of the drilling center with the automatic tool changer by 90 ° and minimize the interference when drilling the side surface of the round work. It will be possible.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the tool in the tool magazine is rotationally indexed to the spindle position, the interference between the adjacent tool and the workpiece or the headstock can be minimized. it can. Further, by making the tool magazine small, it is possible to eliminate the influence on the processing accuracy and to shorten the tool replacement time by the direct replacement, which can contribute to the improvement of productivity.

Further, the tip of the spindle is protected by a part of the magazine cover when changing tools and machining a workpiece.
The processing accuracy is guaranteed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state in which a tool magazine is attached to a drilling center showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the drilling center.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state in which a tool magazine of the drilling center is removed.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a tool magazine mounted on the upper part of the spindle head.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a spindle head showing a state in which a tool of a tool magazine is indexed to a spindle position.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a Geneva mechanism seen from the upper surface of the tool magazine frame.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a cover of a main shaft portion.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a cover of a main shaft portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Drilling center 2 ... Bed 3 ... Spindle head 4 ... Tool magazine 5 ... Spindle base 6 ... Chuck 7 ... Frame 8 ... Top plate 9 ... Skirt part 10a, 10b ... Gripping claw 11 ... Compression spring 13 ... Lock member 14 ... Shaft 15 ... Base 16a, 16b, 17a, 17b ... Linear guide rail 18 ... Moving base 19 ... Cylinder 21 ... Geneva cam 22 ... Drive cam 23a ... Indexing pin 24 ... Hydraulic cylinder 26a, 26b ... Cam follower 27 ... Actuating rod 28 ... Detecting piece 29, 30 ... Proximity switch 31b ... Tool cover 35 ... Proximity switch 37 ... X-axis ball screw 38 ... Servo motor 39 ... Z-axis ball screw 40 ... Cylinder B1, B2 ... Bearing BH ... Bearing holder DG ... Dog H1, H2 ... Insertion hole OM … Hydraulic motors P1, P2… Pins SE… Spindle head tips T, T1, T2… Tools P ... pin

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] November 28, 1994

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Fig. 4

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 4]

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 5

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Figure 5]

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A work head stock capable of rotationally indexing a work on a horizontal spindle and capable of swivel indexing about a vertical axis orthogonal to the spindle axis, and a tool driven to rotate. A tool spindle head that is provided with a spindle for holding and is controlled to move in axial directions orthogonal to each other in a horizontal plane, and a tool magazine mounted on the upper portion of the tool spindle head, and the tool magazine is at least the tool magazine. An indexing device for rotationally indexing one tool to the spindle position, a tool holder for holding the tool in the tool magazine, and when the tool is rotationally indexed to the spindle position. A drilling center with an automatic tool changer, comprising a tool holding release mechanism for releasing the holding of the tool holder. 2. The tool magazine according to claim 1, wherein the tool magazine includes a frame that surrounds and is fixed to the tool magazine, and the frame has an insertion hole through which each of the tools can be inserted. Drilling center with an automatic tool changer, characterized in that when the tool is rotationally indexed to the spindle position, the tool holder and the engaging portion of the tool with the tool holder are isolated from the machining area. .