JPH081175A - Water purifying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make water palatable by reducing a cluster size of water by successively arranging activated carbon, a hollow fiber membrane, an inorg. porous member, activated carbon and a mineral component-containing substance from an upstream side of water to be treated and injecting ozone into the area between the hollow fiber membrane and the inorg. porous member. CONSTITUTION:Front stage activated carbon 17, a hollow fiber membrane 15, an inorg. porous member, that is, a porous glass member l, rear stage activated carbon 18 and a mineral component-containing substance, that is, coral sand 10 are successively arranged from the upstream side of the water 7 to be treated stored in a tank 5a and ozone is injected into the area between the hollow membrane 15 and the porous glass member 1 from an ozone generator 9. That is, the water 7 to be treated is introduced into the porous glass member 1 while the treated water 8 exuded from the cylindrical outer peripheral wall surface of the porous glass member 1 under gravity is sampled to evaluate the effect exerted on the cluster size of water of the porous glass member 1. By this constitution, the line width of the spectrum of the treated water 8 becomes narrower than that of the water 7 to be treated and a cluster size becomes small to make water palatable.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drinking water or cooking water supply device such as a household water purification device, an apartment house water purification device, a vending machine having a water supply device, a water cooler, and a cooking water supply device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A system in which water to be treated is passed through activated carbon and further through a hollow fiber membrane, to mention some of the conventional techniques (hereinafter referred to as "conventional example 1").
The treated water obtained from (1) has residual chlorine, trihalomethane, etc. removed by activated carbon, and solid dust and sterilization by a hollow fiber membrane, and is relatively inexpensive and most popular. Further, the method of providing coral sand in the latter stage of the hollow fiber membrane of Conventional Example 1 and passing water through it (hereinafter referred to as "Conventional Example 2") is a relatively delicious water by adding a mineral component. . Further, when the water to be treated permeates through the porous ceramic body or the porous vitreous body (hereinafter referred to as "conventional example 3"), the cluster size of water becomes small and the water can be mellowed. Also, as a means different from the above, a method of injecting ozone into the water to be treated containing chlorine and passing through activated carbon at the downstream side thereof (hereinafter referred to as “conventional example 4”) is a method of deodorizing / decolorizing
The organic substances are decomposed and sterilized, and the activated carbon provided in the latter stage adsorbs chemical substances in the water to be treated, removes residual chlorine, and decomposes residual ozone.

[0003]

However, Conventional Example 1 merely seeks the minimum necessary amount of treated water that is not bad, and it is not necessarily delicious water because it has no mellowness or richness. Further, in Conventional Example 2, the mineral component is less likely to elute, and therefore the treated water has less body weight. Also, it can be said that the treated water is relatively mellow because the water cluster remains relatively large.
Further, in Conventional Example 3, whether it is ceramics or a porous vitreous body is relatively expensive in itself, and it is impossible to simply dispose of it in view of its economical efficiency. The pore size that can be changed well is about 20 μm, which is extremely small.
For example, if these inorganic porous materials are used as they are in ordinary tap water, they will be clogged in an extremely short time, the permeation amount of the water to be treated will be extremely reduced, and eventually it will become almost impossible to pass water. Will end up. In Conventional Example 4, a hardly decomposable chemical substance that is difficult to treat with activated carbon or the like once decomposed by ozone reacts with residual chlorine and returns to a chemical substance that is difficult to treat with activated carbon or the like again to reduce the effect of ozone. Becomes Here, an object of the present invention is to provide a simple device that eliminates all of the disadvantages of each of these conventional examples and obtains purified water that is close to ideal from the water to be treated.

[0004]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides activated carbon, a hollow fiber membrane, an inorganic porous material, activated carbon and a mineral component-containing substance in this order from the upstream side of the water to be treated, It was decided to inject ozone between the hollow fiber membrane and the inorganic porous material or between the inorganic porous material and the backward activated carbon.

Furthermore, activated carbon, a hollow fiber membrane, and an inorganic porous body are sequentially arranged from the upstream side of the water to be treated, and a mineral-containing substance is arranged between the activated carbon and the hollow fiber membrane or on the downstream side of the inorganic porous body. It was decided to.

Further, the borosilicate glass molded from the above-mentioned inorganic porous material is heat-treated to separate it into a phase rich in silicon dioxide and a phase rich in boron dioxide and calcium oxide,
A porous vitreous body having a silicon dioxide skeleton formed by dissolving a phase rich in boron dioxide dioxide and calcium oxide by acid treatment or, if necessary, alkali treatment was formed.

[0007]

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned constitution, the residual chlorine contained in the water to be treated or the chemical substance which is relatively easily adsorbed by the activated carbon is first adsorbed by the activated carbon of the first stage, and then the hollow fiber disposed thereafter. Water to be treated with a membrane Traps the solids contained in the raw water and the activated carbon powder flowing out from the activated carbon in the previous stage, and reduces the cluster size of water by the inorganic porous material to make the water mellow, and the treatment of additives Improving the efficiency of dissolution in water for a short time and sterilizing, deodorizing and decomposing organic substances by injecting ozone, and adsorbing chemical substances in the water to be treated that are easily decomposed by activated carbon and decomposed by ozone by activated carbon in the latter stage. Moreover, the residual ozone can be decomposed to efficiently dissolve the mineral components that give water richness to produce safe and mellow water over a long period of time.

Further, even when ozone is not injected, the residual chlorine and chemical substances contained in the water to be treated are adsorbed by the activated carbon, and the solid matter contained in the raw water of the water to be treated is adsorbed by the hollow fiber membrane arranged thereafter. In addition, the activated carbon powder flowing out from the activated carbon in the previous stage is trapped, the cluster size of water is reduced by the inorganic porous body to make the water mellow, and the mineral components that give water a richness are efficiently dissolved and safe Some mellow water can be produced over a long period of time.

Further, the borosilicate glass molded into the above inorganic porous material is heat-treated to separate it into a phase rich in silicon dioxide and a phase rich in boron dioxide and calcium oxide,
When a porous vitreous body composed of a silicon dioxide skeleton formed by dissolving a phase rich in boron dioxide and calcium oxide by acid treatment or, if necessary, alkali treatment is formed, its pore size distribution is Since it is extremely sharp, the system can operate more efficiently.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, in the present invention, a shaped borosilicate glass, which is a type of inorganic porous material, is heat-treated to separate it into a phase rich in silicon dioxide and a phase rich in boron dioxide and calcium oxide, or by acid treatment, or In addition, a porous vitreous body having a silicon dioxide skeleton formed by dissolving a phase rich in boron dioxide and calcium oxide by alkali treatment as necessary is hereinafter referred to as "the porous vitreous body".

Example 1 FIG. 2 shows the porous vitreous body 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an apparatus in which the influence of water on the cluster size is evaluated. Water to be treated 7 was put inside the cylindrical porous vitreous body 1, and treated water 8 exuding from the cylindrical outer peripheral wall surface by gravity or the like was collected. FIG. 3 shows the result of measurement and analysis of O-17 nuclei by the nuclear magnetic resonance method (hereinafter referred to as “NMR method”) at this time. That is, FIG. 3 is an O-17 nuclear NMR spectrum of the treated water 8 permeated and collected by the porous vitreous body 1 (pore size 2.35 μm) having the configuration of FIG. In addition, FIG. 4 shows the O-17 nucleus NM of the raw water (water to be treated) 7 sampled without permeating the porous vitreous body 1.
It is an R spectrum. Although the absolute value of the water cluster size cannot be measured by a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus, relative comparison is possible under the same measurement conditions, and the water cluster size is expressed as the broad line width of the spectrum. . That is, a spectrum having a broad line width has a large water cluster size, and a spectrum having a narrow spectrum line width has a small water cluster size. From the result of FIG. 3, the half width of the line width of the spectrum of the water that has permeated the porous vitreous body 1 is 89 [Hz], and from the result of FIG. )
It can be seen that the line width at half maximum of the spectrum of No. 7 is 104 [Hz]. From this result, the water permeated through the porous vitreous body 1 has a clearly narrower spectrum line width than the raw water (water to be treated) 7 before permeation thereof, and the water clusters are reduced. You can see that the water is delicious.

Example 2 FIG. 5 shows the porous vitreous body 1.
Processed water 8 (500CC) and raw water 7 (500C)
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a system in which C) is stored in tanks 5b and 5c, respectively, and ozone is injected from both of the ozone generator 9 into both tanks 5b and 5c by so-called bubbling to evaluate its dissolving ability. .
Table 1 shows the results.

[Table 1] In this case, the ozone generation system and the bubbling system use the same thing for the tank 5b and the tank 5c, and the measurement mode is continuously carried out for about 2 hours in total on the same day, and the experimental procedure is as follows. 1st treatment water 8 (500CC) → raw water 7 (500CC) 2nd treatment water 8 (500CC) → raw water 7 (500CC) 3rd treatment water 8 (500CC) → raw water 7 (500CC) The measurement was performed once. In addition, the amount of the treated water 7 used for all of the experiments was previously stored in the poly tank (tank 5a), and the same treated water 7 was used. The ozone concentration was measured by the indigo method.

Focusing on the column of 1 minute of ozone water concentration in Table 1, the ozone water concentration of the treated water 8 that has permeated the porous vitreous body 1 is 0.02 mg / liter on average, and Average value of raw water 7 that does not pass through the vitreous body 0.00 mg
It can be seen that it is clearly higher than that of liter / liter. However, when focusing on the column of 10 minutes, both the ozone water concentration of the treated water 8 and the ozone water concentration of the raw water 7 are 0.8.
It has the same value as mg / liter. From the above results, no difference in the ozone dissolution efficiency between the treated water 8 and the raw water 7 is observed with respect to the ozone dissolution efficiency in the saturated region,
It can be seen that the dissolution efficiency of the treated water 8 is excellent at the initial stage of dissolution. The reason for this is not clear at this point in time, but as described above, it has been found that the water that has permeated the porous vitreous body 1 has a small cluster size, and there is some relationship between the water cluster size and the initial dissolution efficiency. It is speculated that there is. In a general water purifier, a large treatment flow rate is required, and as shown by the results of this experiment, dissolving a useful substance in the treated water 8 that has permeated the porous vitreous body 1 is effective in improving the treatment efficiency. Very effective from.

Example 3 FIG. 6 shows treated water 11 in which activated carbon-treated water 7a after treatment with activated carbon is passed through the porous vitreous body 1 and mineral is added by coral sand 10 and the porous glass. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a system in which raw water 7a that does not pass through the body 1 is compared with treated water 12 in which minerals are added by coral sand 10. In the experiment, a two-way switching valve 13 was provided at the outlet of the flow meter 2, and the raw water 7a after the activated carbon treatment was switched by the two-way valve 13 to allow water to pass through. The treated water 8 that has passed through the vitreous body 1 is treated water 11 that is passed through the coral sand 10 and the raw water 7a that has been treated with activated carbon is the raw water 12 that is passed through the coral sand 10. [Taste, smell, mellowness, etc.] were compared by 10 people inside the company, who are adults and adults, tasting both. The questions are "Which has no taste or smell?", "Which is mellow?", "Which is rich?" And "Which is swelling?" Is.

[Table 2] As can be seen from the tasting results, the treated water 1 that permeates the porous vitreous body 1 and further passes through the coral sand 10
1 is that the majority of people feel mellow and deep, and in raw water 7a that does not pass through the porous vitreous body 1 and only passes through the coral sand 10, most people have mellow and deep. I don't feel it. Regarding the astringency, one person feels with (C) treated water 11, but from the reply result that the astringency is not generally known, it is insignificant due to individual differences in the astringency.

From the results of this experiment, it is found that the treated water 11 that has permeated the porous vitreous body 1 has a greater amount of minerals eluted from the coral sand 10 than the raw water 7a that does not permeate the porous vitreous body 1. Inferred and the porous vitreous body 1
It is thought that it is possible to make mellow and delicious water in combination with the effect of reducing the cluster size of own water.

[Embodiment 4] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a system of an effect confirmation experiment when the hollow fiber membrane 15 is arranged on the upstream side of the porous vitreous body 1. In this experiment, tap water 16 stored in the tank 5a is pumped up by the pump 4 through the conduit 6, and the flow rate of the tap water 16 flowing through the conduit 6 by the pump 4 and the valve 3 is initially set to 2 liters / minute. Adjusted and passed through flow meter 2 hollow fiber membrane 1 with a pore size of 0.3 μm
When the porous vitreous body 1 having a pore diameter of 2.35 μm is permeated after being filtered with 5, and when the porous vitreous body 1 having a pore diameter of 2.35 μm is directly filtered without being filtered by the hollow fiber membrane 15. The change in the flow rate with the passage of time when the light was transmitted was measured. FIG. 8 shows the change in the water flow rate over time measured in this system. As is clear from FIG. 8, when filtered through the hollow fiber membrane 15, no change in the flow rate was observed even after continuous water flow for 15 minutes, and the same 2 liter / minute as the initial flow rate was maintained. When water is passed through the thread membrane 15 without being filtered, the flow rate starts to decrease immediately after passing water, and after 15 minutes, it has decreased to 0.9 liter / min, which is less than half the initial value. From this experimental result, it can be seen that the life of the porous vitreous body 1 is extremely long when the filtration is performed with the hollow fiber membrane 15 as compared with when the filtration is not performed with the hollow fiber membrane 15. In the present example, tap water 16 and tap water 16 after being filtered through the hollow fiber membrane 15 were measured for turbidity by absorptiometry. The former was 1 [FTU] and the latter was 0 [FTU. ]Met.

[Embodiment 5] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an example of a system of the present invention. The treated water 7 such as tap water is supplied from the upstream side to the upstream activated carbon 17, the hollow fiber membrane 15, the porous vitreous body 1,
The latter stage activated carbon 18 and coral sand 10 are sequentially passed through,
An ozone generator 9 is provided between the hollow fiber membrane 15 and the porous vitreous body 1.
Further, ozone gas 19 is injected into the water 7 to be treated. The first-stage activated carbon 17 adsorbs residual chlorine contained in the water to be treated 7 or a chemical substance that is relatively easily adsorbed by the activated carbon, and the hollow fiber membrane 15
Is to improve the taste of the water to be treated 7 by trapping the water-poor components such as red rust contained in the water to be treated 7 and the activated carbon powder flowing out from the preceding stage activated carbon 17 and improving the taste of the water to be treated 7 as described in Example 4. As described in Examples 2 and 3, the lifetime of the porous vitreous body 1 disposed on the downstream side is extended, and the porous vitreous body 1 has a smaller cluster size of the water 7 to be treated as described in Example 1. As described above, it improves the short-term dissolution efficiency of the substance to be added to the water to be treated 7 and gives a mellowness, and the injected ozone is a chemical substance that is sterilized against bacteria contained in the water to be treated 7 and is difficult to be adsorbed by activated carbon. Is decomposed to be easily adsorbed by activated carbon, and the post-stage activated carbon 18 adsorbs chemical substances that are easily adsorbed by ozone injected on the upstream side and decomposes residual ozone, so that the coral sand 10 is not covered. Since eluting minerals to bodied there water in Risui 7, safe, it is possible to provide a mellow water with rich. As in Example 3, 10 people inside the company tasted and evaluated the treated water 8 that had purified the tap water 16 with this system and the tap water 16 before having purified it. It was evaluated that the treated water 8 that was purified by the above method was obviously tastier. In this embodiment, the ozone gas 19 is injected into the hollow fiber membrane 15
And ozone gas 1
The injection of 9 or the like may be performed between the porous vitreous body 1 and the post-stage activated carbon 18.

[Sixth Embodiment] FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the configuration of another example of the system of the present invention. Treated water such as tap water 7
The activated carbon 20, the hollow fiber membrane 15, the porous vitreous body 1, and the coral sand 10 are successively passed through the above from the upstream side. The activated carbon 20 adsorbs residual chlorine and chemical substances contained in the water 7 to be treated, and the hollow fiber membrane 15 is a water-poor component such as red rust contained in the water 7 to be treated, and further activated carbon disposed upstream. 20 to improve the taste of the water to be treated 7 by trapping the activated carbon powder flowing out of the porous body 20 and to extend the life of the porous vitreous body 1 disposed on the downstream side as described in Example 4 to obtain the porous body. As described in Example 1, the vitreous body 1 reduces the cluster size of the water to be treated 7 to improve the short-term dissolution efficiency of the substance added to the water to be treated 7 as described in Examples 2 and 3. At the same time, it gives a mellowness, and the coral sand 10 elutes the mineral content that makes the water 7 rich in the water to be treated, so that safe and mellow water can be provided. Here, the disposition of the coral sand 10 does not necessarily have to be on the downstream side of the porous vitreous body 1 and may be between the activated carbon 20 and the hollow fiber membrane 15, but if desired, it may be downstream of the porous vitreous body 1. It is more effective to be on the side.

[0019]

Industrial Applicability As described above, according to the method of the present invention, safe, mellow and rich delicious water can be provided for a long period of time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an example of a system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an apparatus for evaluating the influence of the porous vitreous body on water cluster size.

FIG. 3 is an O-17 nuclear measurement spectrum by a magnetic resonance method when water is allowed to permeate the porous vitreous body.

FIG. 4 is an O-17 nuclear measurement spectrum by magnetic resonance method of raw water that does not allow water to pass through the porous vitreous body.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a system for evaluating the dissolving ability of treated water and raw water that have permeated the porous vitreous body.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a system comparing treated water in which minerals are added by coral sand through the porous vitreous body and treated water in which minerals are added by coral sand in raw water that does not pass through the porous vitreous body. Is.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a system of an effect confirmation experiment when a hollow fiber membrane is arranged on the upstream side of the porous vitreous body.

FIG. 8 is a result of an effect confirmation experiment when a hollow fiber membrane is arranged on the upstream side of the porous vitreous body.

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the system of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Porous vitreous body 2 Flowmeter 3 Valve 4 Pump 5a Tank 5b Tank 5c Tank 6 Conduit 7 Water to be treated (raw water) 7a Water after activated carbon treatment 8 Treated water 9 Ozone generator 10 Coral sand 11 Treatment with mineral addition Water 12 Raw water containing minerals 13 Two-way switching valve 14 Funnel 15 Hollow fiber membrane 16 Tap water 17 First stage activated carbon 18 Second stage activated carbon 19 Ozone gas 20 Activated carbon

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] August 4, 1994

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be amended] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Claims]

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location C02F 1/50 531 R 540 A 550 C 560 B E Z 1/68 510 B 520 M 530 B 540 A GH D 9/00 502 RH ED 503 A 504 A

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. Activated carbon, a hollow fiber membrane, an inorganic porous material, an activated carbon and a substance containing a mineral component are sequentially arranged from the upstream side of the water to be treated, and the space between the hollow fiber membrane and the inorganic porous material or between the inorganic porous material and the rear is provided. A water purifier characterized by injecting ozone between activated carbons. 2. The borosilicate glass molded as the inorganic porous material according to claim 1 is heat-treated to separate it into a phase rich in silicon dioxide and a phase rich in boron dioxide and calcium oxide, or by an acid treatment, or A water purifier using a porous vitreous body composed of a silicon dioxide skeleton formed by dissolving a phase rich in boron dioxide and calcium oxide by alkali treatment if necessary. 3. An activated carbon, a hollow fiber membrane and an inorganic porous body are sequentially arranged from the upstream side of the water to be treated, and a mineral-containing substance is arranged between the activated carbon and the hollow fiber membrane or on the downstream side of the inorganic porous body. A water purification device characterized by that. 4. A borosilicate glass molded as the inorganic porous material according to claim 3 is heat treated to separate it into a phase rich in silicon dioxide and a phase rich in boron dioxide and calcium oxide, or by acid treatment, or A water purifier using a porous vitreous body composed of a silicon dioxide skeleton formed by dissolving a phase rich in boron dioxide and calcium oxide by alkali treatment if necessary.