JPH08112547A - Gravity separator by magnetic fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve work efficiency by enabling a gravity separator by a magnetic fluid to carry on continuous work. CONSTITUTION: A magnetic fluid L in a rotary drum 18 is given magnetic gradient by an electromagnet 48 to form a gravity boundary. Copper alloy CU settles out in a heavy material recovery zone 42, and aluminum alloy AL floating in the heavy material recovery zone 42 is transferred to a light material recovery zone 44 by a frame conveyor 52 and settles out there. The settled copper alloy CU is transferred upward by a heavy material scraping plate 34 and falls onto a heavy material conveyor 72 and is conveyed outside the rotary drum 18. The settled aluminum alloy AL is transferred upward by a light material scraping plate 36 and falls onto a light material conveyor 4 and is conveyed outside the rotary drum 18. Continuous work is done to improve work efficiency.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a specific gravity separation apparatus using magnetic fluid for selecting specific gravity of an object to be sorted by using magnetic buoyancy exerted by a magnetic fluid having a magnetic field gradient on a non-magnetic solid in the magnetic fluid. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a magnetic fluid, which is a colloidal solution in which magnetic powder such as magnetite is subjected to a surface treatment and stably dispersed in a liquid, is placed in a magnetic gradient, and the magnetic fluid is a non-magnetic substance in the magnetic fluid. There is known a specific gravity separating device using a magnetic fluid for separating objects having different specific gravities by using magnetic buoyancy (for example, JP-A-54-48379 and JP-B-58-20657). 60-2
2948, JP-A-5-67512).

According to this type of specific gravity separator, a mixture of objects having a specific gravity of 1 or more can be separated,
It is used to separate a mixture of a plurality of kinds of metals and a mixture of a metal and glass.

[0004]

However, all of the conventional specific gravity separators, including those disclosed in the above publications, are of batch type, and it is difficult to improve work efficiency. The present invention is intended to improve work efficiency by enabling continuous work in a specific gravity separator using magnetic fluid.

[0005]

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in a specific gravity separation apparatus using a magnetic fluid according to claim 1, the magnetic fluid having a magnetic field gradient is converted into a non-magnetic solid in the magnetic fluid. A specific gravity separation device using magnetic fluid for specific gravity selection of an object to be selected by using an exerted magnetic buoyancy, comprising a cylinder and first and second head plates having an opening substantially coaxial with the cylinder, the axis of the cylinder being A rotary drum which is installed substantially horizontally and rotates to accommodate the magnetic fluid; and a through-hole which is substantially concentric with the cylinder and whose outer edge is brought into contact with or brought close to the inner surface of the cylinder and is inserted into the cylinder. A first annular partition plate that forms a heavy material recovery region between the first head plate and the first head plate, and the through hole is substantially concentric with the cylinder so that the outer edge does not contact the inner surface of the cylinder. And a second annular partition which is inserted into the cylinder while maintaining a predetermined distance from the first annular partition plate to form a light material recovery area with the second head plate. A plate, one end of which is brought into contact with or close to the first annular partition plate, the other end of which is located on the side of the first head plate, and which has a predetermined inclination with respect to the radius of the cylinder. A first scraping plate that projects from the inner surface of the cylinder to the axial side of the cylinder and discharges an object held between itself and the inner surface of the cylinder into the rotary drum as the rotary drum rotates; The second annular partition plate is brought into contact with or close to the second annular partition plate, the other end is located on the second head plate side, and the cylinder has a predetermined inclination with respect to the radius of the cylinder and is from the inner surface of the cylinder to the cylinder. Protruding toward the axis side of A second scraping plate that discharges an object held between it and the inner surface of the cylinder into the rotary drum as the rotary drum rotates, and both ends of the first scraping plate outside the rotary drum. And a magnet that is disposed at a position that includes a range corresponding to the above and does not include a range corresponding to the light material recovery region and that exerts a magnetic force on the magnetic fluid in the rotating drum to impart a magnetic gradient to the magnetic fluid. A plurality of recovery frames formed by a pair of side plates disposed facing each other and a partition plate disposed between the side plates substantially orthogonal to the side plates are connected in series, and the recovery frames are immersed in the magnetic fluid. Then, a frame conveyor having a lower transfer area for moving along the liquid surface of the magnetic fluid from the heavy material recovery area side to the light material recovery area side, and is installed through the first head plate, Release from the first scraping plate The heavy object conveyer that carries out the ejected object from the inside of the rotary drum to the outside of the rotary drum and the object that is installed through the second head plate and that is ejected from the second scraping plate are rotated. Provided with a light material conveyor that is carried out from the inside of the drum to the outside of the rotary drum, and an opening that is opened above the lower conveyance area of the frame conveyor and through which an object to be sorted is put into the heavy material recovery area. It is characterized by that.

[0006]

In the specific gravity separating apparatus using magnetic fluid according to the first aspect of the present invention, the rotating drum containing the magnetic fluid rotates with its axis substantially horizontal. The magnet exerts a magnetic force on the magnetic fluid in the rotating drum to give a magnetic gradient to the magnetic fluid. The objects to be sorted that have been loaded into the heavy material recovery area from the inlet are subjected to magnetic buoyancy by the magnetic fluid, and heavy materials with a specific gravity greater than the apparent specific gravity of the magnetic fluid settle on the inner surface of the cylinder, and the specific gravity is Light substances below the apparent specific gravity of the fluid float on the liquid surface side of the magnetic fluid. Although the material to be sorted is introduced from above the frame conveyor, since the collection frame does not have a lid and a bottom, the material to be sorted reaches the magnetic fluid through the collection frame.

The first annular partition plate regulates the movement of the heavy material settling in the heavy material recovery area toward the light material recovery area. The frame conveyor dips the recovery frame in the magnetic fluid in the lower transfer area and moves it from the heavy material recovery area side to the light material recovery area side along the liquid surface of the magnetic fluid. At this time, the light material is held by the recovery frame and moves to the light material recovery area side. Since the influence of the magnetic gradient is negligible in the light material recovery area away from the magnet, the light material reaching the light material recovery area settles on the inner surface side of the cylinder.

The second annular partition plate regulates the movement of the light material settling in the light material recovery area toward the heavy material recovery area. That is, the cooperation with the first annular partition plate prevents the heavy material and the light material from being mixed again. The heavy material settled in the heavy material recovery area is held between the first scraping plate and the inner surface of the cylinder, moved upward along the inner surface of the cylinder by the rotation of the rotary drum, and is discharged into the rotary drum. . The rotation angle of the rotary drum that discharges the heavy material depends on the inclination given to the first scraping plate.

The heavy material conveyer carries out the heavy material discharged from the first scraping plate from the inside of the rotary drum to the outside of the rotary drum. The light material settled in the light material recovery area is held between the second scraping plate and the inner surface of the cylinder, and is moved upward along the inner surface of the cylinder by the rotation of the rotary drum.
It is discharged into the rotating drum. The rotation angle of the rotary drum for discharging the light material depends on the inclination given to the second scraping plate.

The light material conveyer carries out the object discharged from the second scraping plate from the inside of the rotary drum to the outside of the rotary drum. In this way, the objects to be sorted, which have been loaded from the loading port, are separated into the heavy material and the light material and are carried out to the outside of the rotary drum. Therefore, if the rotary drum, the frame conveyor, the heavy material conveyor, and the light material conveyor are continuously operated and the objects to be sorted are continuously charged, continuous work in the specific gravity separation device becomes possible and work efficiency is improved.

The heavy substances and the light substances are used to distinguish whether they settle or float in the magnetic fluid to which a magnetic gradient is applied, and do not mean the mass.

[0012]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 1,
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the specific gravity separator 10 includes a rotary drum 18 having a cylinder 12 and a pair of head plates 14 and 16, and the rotary drum 18 includes
It is installed with its axis almost horizontal. As shown in FIG. 3, the head plates 14 and 16 are provided with openings 20 and 22 having substantially the same diameter. By providing such a cylinder 12 and head plates 14 and 16,
The rotating drum 18 has openings 20, 2 as shown in FIG.
The magnetic fluid L can be stored therein within a range that does not overflow from 2.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, a drive ring 24 is externally fitted and fixed to the end portion on the head plate 16 side of the cylinder 12, and the end portion on the head plate 14 side and the drive ring are driven. A pair of support rings 26, 26 is externally fitted and fixed at a position adjacent to the ring 24. Figure 2
As shown in, the drive ring 24 is connected to the output shaft 30 of the motor 28. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, two support rollers 32, 32, 32, 32 are in contact with the support rings 26, 26, respectively. With this configuration, if the motor 28 is operated,
The rotating drum 18 can be rotated about its axis.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 5, the inner surface of the cylinder 12 has a plurality of heavy object scraping plates having an arc-shaped cross section as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5. 34 are erected at substantially equal intervals. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, on the inner surface of the cylinder 12, a light material scraping plate 3 having the same shape as the heavy material scraping plate 34 is formed.
6 is erected similarly to the heavy material scraping plate 34.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the ring-shaped partition plate 38 having the through-hole 38a shown in FIG. 3 extends along the end of the heavy material scraping plate 34 on the light material scraping plate 36 side. And is fitted in and fixed to the cylinder 12. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a ring-shaped partition plate 40 similar to the partition plate 38 is arranged along the end of the light material scraping plate 36 on the heavy material scraping plate 34 side, and the cylinder 1
It is fitted in 2 and fixed.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the width of the edges of the partition plates 38, 40 (the distance from the inner surface of the cylinder 12 to the through hole 38a) is such that the heavy objects are scraped from the inner surface of the cylinder 12. Lifting plate 34 and light material scraping plate 36
It is almost the same as the distance to the top of. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the inside of the rotary drum 18 is divided into three parts by the partition plates 38 and 40.
8 and the head plate 14 between the heavy object recovery area 42
However, a light material recovery region 44 is formed between the partition plate 40 and the head plate 16, and the partition plate 38 and the partition plate 4 are formed.
The area between 0 and 0 is a neutral area 46.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, an electromagnet 48 is installed below the rotary drum 18. As shown in FIG. 3, the electromagnet 48 is installed so as to be inclined with respect to the diameter of the cylinder 12, and the side closer to the cylinder 12 has an N pole and the far side has an S pole. As shown in FIG. 1, the electromagnet 48 moves from the heavy object recovery region 42 to the neutral region 4
6, the magnetic fluid L can be provided with an effective magnetic gradient in a range that slightly extends from the heavy material recovery area 42 beyond the partition plate 40 to the light material recovery area 44. The specific gravity of the magnetic fluid L used in this example is about 1.3, and by applying the magnetic gradient by the electromagnet 48, the specific gravity boundary B having an apparent specific gravity of about 3 is generated as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5. The magnetic field strength is adjusted to occur.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, inside the rotary drum 18, a pair of conveyor rollers 50, 50 are arranged slightly above the magnetic fluid L. These conveyor rollers 50, 50 are supported separately from the rotary drum 18 via a support mechanism (not shown).
Even if 8 rotates, the positions of the conveyor rollers 50, 50 do not change. A frame conveyor 52 is wound around these conveyor rollers 50, 50, and the frame conveyor 52 can be rotated by rotating one of the conveyor rollers 50, 50 by a frame conveyor drive motor (not shown). .

As shown in FIG. 4, the frame conveyor 52 has a structure in which a plurality of recovery frames 58 formed by a pair of side plates 54, 54 and partition plates 56, 56 arranged between the side plates 54, 54 are connected in series. As shown in FIG. 1, the recovery frame 58 can be bent as a unit along the outer circumference of the conveyor rollers 50. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the recovery frame 58 is not provided with members corresponding to the lid and the bottom.

As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, this frame conveyor 52 moves downward along the liquid surface S of the magnetic fluid L from the heavy material recovery area 42 side to the light material recovery area 44 side. Upper transport area 6 facing zone 60 and lower transport area 60
2 is provided. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 5, in the lower transport area 60, the collection frame 58 has a specific gravity boundary B
It is adjusted so as to be immersed in the magnetic fluid L over.

As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a chute is provided between the lower transfer area 60 and the upper transfer area 62 of the frame conveyor 52, and has an input port 64 opened immediately above the lower transfer area 60. 66 is installed. As shown in FIG.
The chute 66 is inclined in the direction away from the track of the frame conveyor 52 on the upper transport area 62 side, and a receiving portion 68 is provided at the upper end of the chute 66, and the receiving portion 68 and the inlet 64 are communicated with each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the receiving portion 68 is connected to a loading belt conveyor 70 having one end located outside the rotary drum 18. With such a configuration, when the charging belt conveyor 70 is operated, the object placed on the charging belt conveyor 70 outside the rotary drum 18 is transferred as shown by arrows a, b, and c in FIG.
It can be discharged from the charging port 64. The chute 66 and the charging belt conveyor 70 are supported separately from the rotating drum 18 via a supporting mechanism (not shown), and even if the rotating drum 18 rotates, its installation position does not change.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, a heavy material conveyor 72 and a light material conveyor 74 which are rotated by a motor (not shown) are installed above the frame conveyor 52 in the rotary drum 18. ing. The heavy material conveyor 72 and the light material conveyor 74 are supported separately from the rotary drum 18 via a support mechanism (not shown), and even if the rotary drum 18 rotates, the installation positions thereof do not change.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the heavy goods conveyor 72, one roller 76 is located at a position substantially corresponding to the neutral area 46 and the other roller 78 is located outside the rotary drum 18, and the head plate is It is installed through 14. As shown by the arrow d in FIG. 2, the heavy object conveyor 72 is rotated in a direction in which an object placed on the upper transfer surface 80 is transferred from inside the rotary drum 18 to the outside. Also,
The light material conveyer 74 is installed penetrating the head plate 16 with one roller 82 at a position substantially corresponding to the neutral area 46 and the other roller 84 outside the rotary drum 18. As shown by the arrow e in FIG. 2, the light material conveyor 74 is rotated in a direction in which an object placed on the upper transport surface 86 is transported from inside the rotary drum 18 to the outside. That is, the heavy material conveyor 72 and the light material conveyor 74
Means that the conveying directions are opposite to each other, and conveys an object from the center side of the rotary drum 18 to the outside.

Next, a copper alloy CU (heavy material) having a specific gravity of about 7 to 8 and an aluminum alloy AL (light material) having a specific gravity of about 2.5 to 3 are used.
The operation of the specific gravity separator 10 having the above-described configuration will be described by taking as an example the operation of separating the mixture MX (subject to be sorted) of the above into copper alloy CU and aluminum alloy AL.

First, the mixture MX is conveyed to the chute 66 by the charging belt conveyor 70 and dropped from the charging port 64 of the chute 66 toward the magnetic fluid L. At this time, the mixture MX is discharged from above the lower transfer area 60 of the frame conveyor 52, but since the recovery frame 58 has no lid and bottom,
The mixture MX passes through the recovery frame 58 and reaches the magnetic fluid L. The mixture MX that has reached the magnetic fluid L is subjected to gravity (force to settle) and magnetic buoyancy (force to float) by the magnetic fluid L. As a result, the specific gravity is about 3
The following aluminum alloy AL remains on the liquid surface S side of the specific gravity boundary B, and the copper alloy CU having a specific gravity sufficiently larger than 3 passes through the specific gravity boundary B and settles on the inner surface side of the cylinder 12 (see FIG. 5). .

At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the aluminum alloy AL is contained in the recovery frame 58 of the frame conveyor 52. When the collection frame 58 in the lower conveyance area 60 moves from the heavy material collection area 42 side to the light material collection area 44 side by the rotation of the frame conveyor 52, the aluminum alloy AL contained in the collection frame 58 is light. It is transferred to the material recovery area 44 side, and reaches the light material recovery area 44 one after another.

In the light material recovery region 44, the influence of the magnetic gradient of the electromagnet 48 is negligible,
The aluminum alloy AL that has reached the light material recovery region 44 settles on the inner surface side of the cylinder 12 (see FIG. 1). On the other hand, copper alloy C
Since U settles and remains in the heavy material recovery area 42,
The mixture MX is separated into copper alloy CU and aluminum alloy AL. Here, since the partition plate 38 regulates the movement of the precipitated copper alloy CU toward the neutral region 46 side, and the partition plate 40 regulates the movement of the precipitated aluminum alloy AL toward the neutral region 46 side, it is once separated. The copper alloy CU and the aluminum alloy AL are prevented from being mixed again.

Copper alloy CU precipitated in the heavy material recovery area 42
The heavy object scraping plate 34 and the cylinder 12 are rotated by the heavy object scraping plate 34 that rotates with the rotation of the rotary drum 18.
It is held between the inner surface of the cylinder 12 and the inner surface of the cylinder 12 and is carried upward along the inner surface of the cylinder 12 as the rotary drum 18 rotates. When the rotation position of the heavy material scraping plate 34 holding the copper alloy CU reaches a position above the transport surface 80 of the heavy material conveyor 72, the copper alloy CU is released from the heavy material scraping plate 34 and drops onto the transport surface 80. To do. The dropped copper alloy CU is carried out of the rotating drum 18 by the heavy material conveyor 72.

Similarly, the aluminum alloy AL that has settled in the light material recovery area 44 is separated by the light material scraping plate 36 that rotates with the rotation of the rotary drum 18 between the light material scraping plate 36 and the inner surface of the cylinder 12. Held in between, the rotating drum 18
As is rotated, it is carried upward along the inner surface of the cylinder 12. The rotation position of the light material scraping plate 36 that holds the aluminum alloy AL is the transport surface 86 of the light material conveyor 74.
Aluminum alloy AL is light material scraping plate 3
6 is released and drops onto the transport surface 86. The dropped aluminum alloy AL is carried out of the rotary drum 18 by the light material conveyor 74.

In this way, the mixture MX is a copper alloy CU.
And aluminum alloy AL are separated and discharged. Therefore, the mixture MX is continuously supplied from the charging belt conveyor 70.
, The separation work is carried out continuously, and the mixture MX
It is possible to improve the work efficiency in the sorting.

Although the present invention has been described according to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. In the above example, a mixture of a copper alloy and an aluminum alloy is targeted for fractionation, but similarly, fractionation of metals or alloys having different specific gravities, fractionation of metals or alloys with non-metals such as glass, non-discrimination of glass with plastics, etc. Various sorting operations are possible, such as sorting of metals that have different specific gravities.

Although an electromagnet is used in the above example,
A permanent magnet can also be used. Since the apparent specific gravity of the magnetic fluid can be adjusted by adjusting the strength of the magnetic field exerted on the magnetic fluid by this magnet, the apparent specific gravity of the magnetic fluid is appropriately set according to the above-mentioned various classification targets. be able to. In addition, adjustment of the magnetic field strength is
In the case of an electromagnet, it can be adjusted by adjusting the power supplied, and in the case of a permanent magnet, it can be adjusted by changing the distance between the magnet and the cylinder.

[0032]

As described above, according to the specific gravity separation apparatus using magnetic fluid of the present invention, continuous work is possible and work efficiency is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a specific gravity separator according to an embodiment and sedimentation positions of heavy substances and light substances.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a specific gravity separation device according to an embodiment and movement paths of objects to be sorted, heavy substances, and light substances.

3A and 3B are explanatory views of a schematic configuration of a specific gravity separation device according to an embodiment in a cross-sectional direction, FIG. 3A is an explanatory view showing a position of an electromagnet, and FIG. 3B is an explanatory view showing a position of a motor. Is.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged explanatory view showing the structure of a frame conveyor mounted on the specific gravity separating apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing sedimentation of heavy material and floating of light material in a heavy material recovery region of the specific gravity separation apparatus according to the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Specific gravity separation device, 12 ... Cylinder, 14 ...
..Head plate (first head plate), 16.
..Head plate (second head plate), 18.
..Rotary drum, 20, 22 ... Opening, 34 ... Heavy object scraping plate (first scraping plate), 36 ... Light material scraping plate (second scraping plate), 38 ... Partition plate (first annular partition plate), 38a ... Through hole, 40
... Partition plate (second annular partition plate), 42 ... Heavy material recovery area, 44 ... Light material recovery area, 48 ...
Electromagnet (magnet), 52 ... Frame conveyor, 54 ... Side plate, 56 ... Separator plate, 58 ... Collection frame, 60 ...
.. Lower transport area, 64 ... Input port, 72 ... Heavy material conveyor, 74 ... Light material conveyor, 80 ... Transport surface, 86 ... Transport surface, AL ... Aluminum alloy ( Characteristic material), B ... Specific gravity boundary, CU ... Copper alloy (heavy material), L ... Magnetic fluid, MX ... Mixture (sorted material).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A specific gravity separation apparatus using a magnetic fluid, wherein a magnetic fluid to which a magnetic field gradient is applied utilizes a magnetic buoyancy exerted on a non-magnetic solid in the magnetic fluid to sort an object to be sorted, the cylinder and the cylinder. A rotary drum having first and second head plates having openings substantially coaxial with each other, the rotary drum being installed with the axis of the cylinder substantially horizontal and accommodating and rotating the magnetic fluid; and the through hole being substantially concentric with the cylinder. A first annular partition plate that has an outer edge abutting against or approaching the inner surface of the cylinder and is inserted into the cylinder to form a heavy material recovery area between the first head plate and the through hole; The cylinder is substantially concentric with the cylinder, the outer edge of which is brought into contact with or close to the inner surface of the cylinder, and is inserted into the cylinder while maintaining a predetermined distance from the first annular partition plate. A second annular partition plate that forms a light material recovery region between the second head plate and one end of the first annular partition plate.
The other end is located on the side of the first head plate, and has a predetermined inclination with respect to the radius of the cylinder and projects from the inner surface of the cylinder toward the shaft side of the cylinder, and between itself and the inner surface of the cylinder. A first scraping plate that discharges an object held between them into the rotary drum as the rotary drum rotates; one end of the scraping plate contacts or approaches the second annular partition plate;
The other end is located on the side of the second head plate, and has a predetermined inclination with respect to the radius of the cylinder and projects from the inner surface of the cylinder toward the shaft side of the cylinder, and the self and the inner surface of the cylinder. A second scraping plate that discharges an object held between them into the rotary drum as the rotary drum rotates, and a range corresponding to both ends of the first scraping plate outside the rotary drum. Further, the magnet is arranged at a position not including the range corresponding to the light material recovery area, and a magnet for exerting a magnetic force on the magnetic fluid in the rotating drum to give a magnetic gradient to the magnetic fluid is arranged to face each other. A plurality of recovery frames formed by a pair of side plates and partition plates disposed between the side plates and substantially orthogonal to the side plates are connected in series, and the recovery frames are immersed in the magnetic fluid to recover the heavy substances. The light material recovery area from the area side A frame conveyer having a lower conveyance area for moving to the side along the liquid surface of the magnetic fluid; and an object that is installed through the first head plate and is discharged from the first scraping plate. A heavy material conveyor that is carried out from the inside of the rotating drum to the outside of the rotating drum, and an object that is installed through the second head plate and that is discharged from the second scraping plate from inside the rotating drum to the rotating drum. It is characterized in that a light material conveyor to be carried out to the outside, an opening provided above the lower conveyance area of the frame conveyor, and an input port for inputting an object to be sorted into the heavy material recovery area from the opening are provided. Specific gravity separation device using magnetic fluid.