JPH08106981A - Hazard display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a hazard display device which can be installed in a window of an automobile by using a photo-functional fluid composition based on an electric field arrangement effect, and adjusting a quantity of transmitted light. CONSTITUTION: A window of an automobile is provided with an electricity sensitive type photo-functional fluid composition 16 containing dielectric particles having an electric field arrangement effect in an electric insulating medium 19 and a hollow housing body 18 which houses this and in which at least mutually opposing parts of opposing two surfaces are made transparent. Display parts 40 and non-display parts 41 in which transparent conductive layers 17 are arranged opposite to each other, are formed at intervals in this housing body 18. The transparent conductive layers 17 of the display parts 40 are formed in the shape of a picture word of the automobile. When an electric current is carried to the display parts and the non-display parts, these can be made transparent, and when an electric current is carried only to the display parts, the picture word can be displayed on the display parts.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hazard display device having a mechanism for controlling the amount of transmitted light using a fluid composition, and particularly to a hazard display for notifying the presence of a vehicle when the vehicle is parked or stopped. Regarding display device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the development of the automobile industry in recent years, there is a case where the automobile is parked or stopped on the road when the automobile breaks down. In this case, in order to notify other vehicles of the existence of the vehicle and prevent the risk of rear-end collision, collision, etc., a hazard lamp is turned on and a triangular display board is installed. Hazard lamps indicate the presence of a vehicle by simultaneously flashing four direction indicator flashers in front of and behind the vehicle. A red fluorescent tape is attached to the surface of the triangular display plate, and the presence of an automobile is known by reflecting the light with the fluorescent tape.

[0003]

However, when the above-mentioned hazard lamp is turned on, the vehicle is parked and stopped, so that the power generation capacity of the vehicle itself cannot be exerted.
There was a problem that the battery was exhausted. And
When another vehicle is parked behind the vehicle and the rear part of the vehicle is hidden halfway when the hazard lamp is turned on, as shown in FIG. 20, the hazard lamp may be erroneously recognized as a direction instruction display.

When the above-mentioned triangular display plate is used,
It is necessary to always install this triangular display board in the car, and the installation space of this triangular display board is required in the car,
There is a problem that the internal space inside the car becomes narrow. When the triangular display plate is taken out from this automobile and installed on the road, the driver or the like walks on the road, so that the driver or the like needs to be highly careful in safety.

By the way, the inventors of the present invention are conducting research on a novel electrosensitive optical functional fluid composition having a novel electric field arrangement which has never been known. This composition is, for example, a fluid obtained by dispersing solid particles in an electrically insulating medium. When an electric field is applied to the composition, the solid particles cause dielectric polarization, and electrostatic attraction based on the dielectric polarization causes an electric field to be applied to each other. It has the property of forming a chain structure by being coordinately linked and aligned in the direction. In addition, some solid particles have electrophoretic properties, and thus electrophorese on the electrode portions when they are applied with an electric field to be aligned and oriented, thus showing an arrayed lump structure.

The orientational arrangement of particles under an electric field is called the electric field arrangement effect, and the solid particles having such properties are called electric field arrangement particles. Further, an electro-sensitive photo-functional fluid composition is obtained by dispersing the electric field arranging particles as a main constituent in an electrically insulating medium. Then, the inventors of the present invention arrived at the present invention by proceeding with the research on the electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition having this novel structure. An object of the present invention is to provide a hazard display device which can adjust the amount of transmitted light by using the composition having the novel structure and can notify at least a part of the window of the automobile of the presence of the automobile. .

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above problem is a hazard display device for notifying the presence of a car when the car is parked, stopped, etc. At least a part facing each other is provided with a transparent hollow container, and the container contains an electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition containing electric field array particles in an electrically insulating medium, A display part and a non-display part are provided in the transparent parts facing each other of the housing, and a non-display part transparent conductive layer is respectively formed in the transparent parts facing each other in the non-display part, and the transparent parts facing each other in the display part. Display transparent conductive layers, respectively, these display transparent conductive layers are formed in the shape of a picture word for displaying parking, stopping, etc. of a car, and these non-display transparent conductive layers and display transparent conductive layers The spacing It is solved by the hazard display device formed Te.

It is preferable that the transparent conductive layer for the display portion is formed in the shape of a picture word of a hazard warning of a substantially equilateral triangle. Also, a plurality of the storage bodies are arranged side by side,
The shapes of multiple picture words may be displayed. Further, the electric field arranging particles are inorganic / organic composite particles formed by a core body made of an organic polymer compound and a surface layer containing an inorganic material having an electric field arranging effect (hereinafter, abbreviated as electric field arranging inorganic material). It is preferable. Furthermore, it is preferable that the electric field aligning inorganic material is an inorganic ion exchanger, silica gel, an electric semiconductor inorganic material, or a mixture thereof. Further, the surface layer may contain pigment particles together with the electric field aligning inorganic material, or the core may contain pigment.

Furthermore, the kinematic viscosity of the electrically insulating medium is 1
To 3000 cSt, the concentration of solid particles in the electrically insulating medium is 0.5 to 15% by weight,
The voltage applied from the transparent conductive layer to the solid particles in the electrosensitive optical functional fluid composition is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 5.0 kV / mm.

[0010]

In the present invention, the hollow container is filled with the electrosensitive optical functional fluid composition having a special structure, and
Since the non-display part transparent conductive layer and the display part transparent conductive layer are formed, the transparent conductive layer formed in the transparent part of the container is energized to apply an electric field to the electro-sensitive photofunctional fluid composition. , Solid particles such as inorganic / organic composite particles in the electrosensitive optical functional fluid composition are oriented in a specific direction. As a result, when a voltage is applied, the solid particles are coordinately connected in a chain to form a chain, and the chains are arranged parallel to the electric field direction, so that light is transmitted through the gap. And then it will look transparent. Therefore, the window of the automobile becomes transparent.

Further, the non-display part transparent conductive layer and the display part transparent conductive layer are formed with a space therebetween, and the display part transparent conductive layer is formed in the shape of a picture word for displaying parking or stopping of a vehicle. By applying a voltage only to the non-display part transparent conductive layer, the non-display part maintains the transparent state and the display part becomes opaque. That is, since the display unit does not apply a voltage to the display transparent conductive layer, solid particles such as inorganic / organic composite particles are not oriented in a specific direction, and solids dispersed in the housing of the display unit. The particles diffusely reflect light, and the transparent portion of the display appears opaque. As a result, only the transparent conductive layer of the display section displays a picture word such as a stop of the vehicle, and the picture word can indicate parking or stop of the vehicle.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a hazard display device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. The hazard display device A of this example is formed in a rear window of an automobile. As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, this hazard display device A has a pair of transparent substrates 15 and 15 arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and a liquid state electro-sensitive optical functional fluid between them. The composition 16 is encapsulated, and the transparent conductive layers 17 are coated on the inner surfaces of the transparent substrates 15 and 15 facing each other. Although the hazard display device is formed in the rear window of the automobile in FIG. 1, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be formed in a part of the window such as the windshield or side glass of the automobile.

Although not shown in the figure, a seal member is attached to the outer peripheral edge of the transparent substrates 15 and 15, and the transparent substrates 15 and 15 are provided.
The electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition 16 is enclosed in a plate-shaped hollow transparent container 18 formed by the seal member. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, electrode portions electrically connected to the transparent conductive layers 17 are formed on the outer peripheral edge portions of the transparent substrates 15 and 15, and each electrode portion is connected to the power source 23. It is connected via the switch 24.

Since the transparent substrates 15 and 15 are required to have the strength capable of accommodating the electro-sensitive photo-functional fluid composition 16 therein and to withstand transportation and installation, various transparent substrates such as glass substrates and acrylic resins can be used. It is preferable that the transparent resin substrate and the like are used. In addition, the transparent substrate 15,
15 does not need to be entirely transparent, and may have a structure in which only a portion that allows light to pass through is transparent. Therefore, only the peripheral portion may be composed of an opaque metal frame, a resin frame, or the like, and a transparent glass substrate or a resin substrate may be fitted inside the frame. The shape is not particularly limited, but a plate-shaped one is usually used.

The electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition 16
Is basically an inorganic / organic composite particle 30 having a structure shown in FIG. 5 dispersed in an electrically insulating medium 19. The inorganic / organic composite particle 30 is a core made of an organic polymer compound. Surface layer 3 including a body 31 and an electric field arranging inorganic material 32 covering the surface of the core body 31 and having an electric field arranging effect.
3 and 3.

Various kinds of the electric field arranging inorganic substance 32 are known, and preferred examples thereof include hydroxides of polyvalent metals, hydrotalcites, acid salts of polyvalent metals, hydroxyapatite, Examples thereof include an inorganic ion exchanger composed of a Nasicon type compound, a clay mineral, potassium titanates, a heteropolyacid salt or an insoluble ferrocyanide, silica gel and an electrically semiconductive inorganic material. When the electric field arranging inorganic substance 32 forms the surface layer 33 on the core body 31 made of an organic polymer compound, the electric field arranging effect is provided to the electrosensitive optical functional fluid composition 16. In addition, the above-mentioned inorganic / organic composite particle 30 has a core body 31.
At the same time, it is preferably manufactured by the method of forming the surface layer 33.

Examples of the organic polymer compound which can be used as the core 31 of the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 include poly (meth) acrylic acid ester, (meth) acrylic acid ester-styrene copolymer, polystyrene and polyethylene. , Polypropylene, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, AB
S resin, nylon, polyvinyl butyrate, ionomer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl acetate resin,
Examples thereof include one kind or a mixture or copolymer of two or more kinds such as a polycarbonate resin.

The preferred electric field aligning inorganic substance 32 which can be used as the surface layer 33 of the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 is an inorganic ion exchanger, an electric semiconductor inorganic substance or silica gel.
These exhibit excellent electric field alignment effects when the solid particles are dispersed in the electrically insulating medium 19. Examples of inorganic ion exchangers include (1) hydroxides of polyvalent metals, (2) hydrotalcites, (3) acid salts of polyvalent metals, (4) hydroxyapatite, (5) Nasicon-type compounds, Examples include (6) clay minerals, (7) potassium titanates, (8) heteropolyacid salts, and (9) insoluble ferrocyanide.

The respective inorganic ion exchangers will be described in detail below. (1) Hydroxide of polyvalent metal. These compounds are represented by the general formula MO _x (OH) _y (M is a polyvalent metal, x is a number of 0 or more, and y is a positive number), and examples thereof include titanium hydroxide and hydroxide. Zirconium, bismuth hydroxide, tin hydroxide, lead hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, tantalum hydroxide,
Examples include niobium hydroxide, molybdenum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, manganese hydroxide, and iron hydroxide. here,
For example, titanium hydroxide is hydrous titanium oxide (also known as metatitanic acid or β-titanic acid, TiO (OH) ₂ ) and titanium hydroxide (also known as orthotitanic acid or α-titanic acid, Ti
(OH) ₄ ) is included, and the same applies to other compounds.

(2) Hydrotalcites. These compounds have the general formula M ₁₃ Al ₆ (OH) ₄₃ (CO) ₃ · 12H
It is represented by ₂ O (M is a divalent metal), and the divalent metal M is, for example, Mg, Ca or Ni. (3) Acid salt of polyvalent metal. These are, for example, titanium phosphate, zirconium phosphate, tin phosphate, cerium phosphate,
Chromium phosphate, zirconium arsenate, titanium arsenate, tin arsenate, cerium arsenate, titanium antimonate, tin antimonate, tantalum antimonate, niobium antimonate, zirconium tungstate, titanium vanadate, zirconium molybdate, selenate Examples include titanium and tin molybdate.

(4) Hydroxyapatite. These are, for example, calcium apatite, lead apatite, strontium apatite, cadmium apatite and the like. (5) Nasicon type compound. These include (H ₃ O)
Although Zr ₂ (PO ₄ ) _{3 and} the like are included, a Nasicon type compound in which H ₃ O is replaced with Na can also be used in the present invention. (6) Clay mineral. These are, for example, montmorillonite, sepiolite, bentonite and the like, and sepiolite is particularly preferable.

(7) Potassium titanates. These are general formulas aK ₂ O · bTiO ₂ · nH ₂ O (a is a positive number satisfying 0 <a ≦ 1, b is a positive number satisfying 1 ≦ b ≦ 6, and n is a positive number). , For example, K ₂ · TiO ₂ ·
2H ₂ O, K ₂ O ・ 2TiO ₂・ 2H ₂ O, 0.5K ₂ O ・
TiO ₂ · 2H ₂ O and K ₂ O · 2.5 TiO ₂ · 2H ₂
O etc. In addition, among the above compounds, a compound in which a or b is not an integer is easily synthesized by subjecting a compound in which a or b is an appropriate integer to an acid treatment and replacing K with H. (8) Heteropolyacid salt. These have the general formula H ₃ AE ₁₂ O ₄₀
Represented by nH ₂ O (A is phosphorus, arsenic, germanium, or silicon, E is molybdenum, tungsten, or vanadium, and n is a positive number), for example, ammonium molybdophosphate, and ammonium tungstophosphate. Is. (9) Insoluble ferrocyanide. These are compounds represented by the following general formula. M _b-pxa A [E (CN) ₆ ] (M
Is an alkali metal or hydrogen ion, A is zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, manganese, cadmium, iron (III)
Or a heavy metal ion such as titanium, E is iron (II), iron (III), cobalt (II) or the like, and b is 4
Or 3, a is the valence of A, and p is 0 to b / a
Is a positive number. ) These include, for example, Cs ₂ Zn [Fe (CN) ₆ ] and K
₂ Insoluble ferrocyanine compounds such as Co [Fe (CN) ₆ ] are included.

The inorganic ion exchangers (1) to (6) each have an OH group, and some or all of the ions present at the ion exchange sites of these inorganic ion exchangers are different ions. Those substituted with (hereinafter, referred to as a substitutional inorganic ion exchanger) are also included in the inorganic ion exchanger of the present invention. That, R-M ¹ inorganic ion exchanger described above (M ¹ represents an ion species of the ion exchange sites) is expressed as a part or all of M ¹ in the R-M ^1, the ion exchange reaction below A substituted inorganic ion exchanger in which an ionic species M ² different from M ¹ is substituted by
It is an inorganic ion exchanger in the present invention. xR−M ¹ + yM ² → Rx− (M ² ) y + xM ¹ (where x and y represent the valences of the ion species M ² and M ¹ , respectively). M ¹ varies depending on the type of the inorganic ion exchanger having an OH group, but when the inorganic ion exchanger exhibits a cation exchange property, M ¹ is generally H ⁺ , and in this case, M ² is an alkali metal or an alkali. Any metal ion other than H ⁺ , such as earth metals, polyvalent typical metals, transition metals or rare earth metals. When the inorganic ion exchanger having an OH group exhibits anion exchange property, M ¹ is generally OH ^−.
Where M ² is, for example, I, Cl, SCN, N
It is any of general anions other than OH ⁻ such as O ₂ , Br, F, CH ₃ COO, SO ₄ or CrO ₄ and complex ions.

Further, although the OH group is once lost by the high temperature heat treatment, the inorganic ion exchanger which has the OH group again by the operation of immersing in water is the inorganic ion after the high temperature heat treatment. Exchangers and the like are also one kind of inorganic ion exchangers that can be used in the present invention, and specific examples thereof include a Nasicon-type compound such as (H ₃ O) Zr.
₂ (PO ₄₎ obtained by heating ₃ HZr ₂ (PO _{4) 3} and high-temperature heat treatment of hydrotalcite (500 to 700
Heat treated at ℃). These inorganic ion exchangers can be used not only in one kind but also in many kinds simultaneously as a surface layer. It is particularly preferable to use a hydroxide of a polyvalent metal and an acid salt of a polyvalent metal as the above-mentioned inorganic ion exchanger.

Another preferable electric field-aligning inorganic material that can be used as the surface layer 33 of the inorganic-organic composite particles 30 is a metal oxide having an electric conductivity of 10 ³ to 10 ^-11 Ω ^-1 / cm at room temperature. A metal hydroxide, a metal oxide hydroxide, an inorganic ion exchanger, or at least one of these metal-doped, or with or without metal doping, other support for at least one of them. For example, those applied as an electric semiconductor layer on the body.

Other preferable electric field aligning inorganic substances will be described in more detail below. (A) Metal oxide: For example, SnO ₂ , amorphous titanium dioxide (manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) and the like. (B) Metal hydroxide: Titanium hydroxide, niobium hydroxide or the like. Titanium hydroxide here means hydrous titanium oxide (manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.), metatitanic acid (also known as β-titanic acid, T
iO (OH) ₂ ) and orthotitanic acid (also known as α-titanic acid, Ti (OH) ₄ ). (C) Metal oxide hydroxide: For example, FeO
(OH) (goethite) and the like can be mentioned.

(D) Hydroxide of polyvalent metal: equivalent to those described in (1) above. (E) Hydrotalcites: equivalent to those described in (2) above. (F) Acid salt of polyvalent metal: equivalent to the one described in (3) above. (G) Hydroxyapatite: equivalent to the one described in (4) above. (H) Nashicon type compound: equivalent to the one described in (5) above. (I) Clay mineral: equivalent to the one described in (6) above. (J) Potassium titanates: equivalent to those described in (7) above. (K) Heteropolyacid salt: equivalent to the one described in (8) above. (L) Insoluble ferrocyanide: equivalent to those described in (9) above.

(M) Metal-doped electric field aligning inorganic substance:
This is obtained by doping the electric field aligning inorganic material with a metal such as antimony (Sb) in order to increase the electric conductivity of the electric field aligning inorganic materials (A) to (L). For example, antimony (Sb) is used. Doping tin oxide (SnO ₂ ) and the like can be mentioned. (N) An electric field arranging inorganic substance applied to another support as an electric semiconductor layer: for example, inorganic oxide particles such as titanium oxide, silica, alumina, and silica-alumina as the support, or organic polymers such as polyethylene and polypropylene Antimony (Sb) is used as an electric semiconductor layer using particles.
Examples thereof include doped tin oxide (SnO ₂ ). The particles to which the electric field aligning inorganic substance is applied as described above are the electric field aligning inorganic substance as a whole. These electric field aligning inorganic materials may be used not only in one kind but also in two kinds or more simultaneously as a surface layer.

The electrosensitive optical functional fluid composition 16 described above.
As the electrically insulating medium 19 used in the above, all the conventionally known ones used for the electric field arranging fluid can be used. For example, diphenyl chloride, butyl sebacate,
Aromatic polycarboxylic acid higher alcohol ester, halophenyl alkyl ether, trans oil, chlorinated paraffin, fluorine oil, silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, etc. Further, any fluid can be used as long as it can stably disperse the inorganic / organic composite particles, and a mixture thereof can also be used.

The electrically insulating medium 19 can be colored according to the purpose. In the case of coloring, it is preferable to use a type and amount of an oil-soluble dye or a dispersible dye that is soluble in the selected electrically insulating medium 19 and does not impair its electrical characteristics. In addition to this, the electrically insulating medium 19 includes
A dispersant, a surfactant, a viscosity adjusting agent, an antioxidant, a stabilizer and the like may be contained.

Such inorganic / organic composite particles 30 can be manufactured by various methods. For example, there is a method in which a particle-shaped core body 31 made of an organic polymer compound and a particle-shaped electric field aligning inorganic material 32 are transported by a jet stream and collided with each other. In this case, the fine particles of the electric field arranging inorganic substance 32 collide with the surface of the particulate core body 31 at a high speed and adhere to form the surface layer 33. Also, as another manufacturing method example,
There is a method in which the particulate core 31 is suspended in a gas, and the solution of the electric field aligning inorganic material is atomized to be sprayed on the surface. In this case, the surface layer 33 is formed by adhering the solution to the surface of the core body 31 and drying it.

However, a preferred manufacturing method for manufacturing the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 is a method of forming the surface layer 33 at the same time as the core body 31. In this method, for example, when emulsion-polymerizing, suspension-polymerizing, or dispersion-polymerizing a monomer of an organic polymer compound that forms the core 31, a fine particle-shaped electric field aligning inorganic substance 32 in the monomer, or It is carried out by allowing it to exist in the polymerization medium. Water is preferred as the polymerization medium, but a mixture of water and a water-soluble organic solvent can be used, and an organic poor solvent can also be used. According to this method, the monomers are polymerized in the polymerization medium to form core particles, and at the same time, the fine particle-shaped electric field aligning inorganic substance 32 is layered on the surface of the core 31 so as to cover the surface, and the surface layer is formed. 33 is formed.

When the inorganic / organic composite particles are produced by emulsion polymerization or suspension polymerization, by combining the hydrophobic property of the monomer and the hydrophilic property of the electric field aligning inorganic substance 32, the electric field aligning inorganic substance 32 can be prepared. Most of the fine particles can be oriented on the surface of the core particles. According to the simultaneous formation method of the core body 31 and the surface layer 33, the electric field arraying inorganic particles 32 are closely and firmly adhered to the surface of the core body 31 particles made of an organic polymer compound, and the inorganic / organic composite particles are robust. 30 is formed.

Inorganic / organic composite particles 30 used in the present invention
Does not necessarily have to be spherical, but when the particulate core 31 is manufactured by the controlled emulsion / suspension polymerization method, the resulting inorganic / organic composite particles 30 have a substantially spherical shape. Become. In addition, since the spherical shape allows light to be scattered in all directions when adjusting the amount of transmitted light, the spherical shape is more advantageous than the irregular shape. The particle size of the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.1 to 500 μm, particularly preferably 5 to 200 μm. At this time, the particle size of the fine particle electric field aligning inorganic material 32 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.005 to 100 μm, and more preferably 0.01 to 10 μm.

In such an inorganic / organic composite particle 30, the electric field aligning inorganic material 32 forming the surface layer 33 and the core 3 are formed.
The weight ratio of the organic polymer compound forming 1 is not particularly limited, but in the range of (electric field alignment inorganic substance) :( organic polymer compound) ratio (1-60) :( 99-40),
In particular, the range of (4 to 30) :( 96 to 70) is preferable. Here, the weight ratio of the electric field aligning inorganic substance 32 is 1
If it is less than 60%, the electric field alignment effect of the obtained electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition is insufficient, and if it exceeds 60%, an excessive current flows in the obtained electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition 16. . The specific gravity of these inorganic / organic composite particles 30 is relatively small as compared with the specific gravity of the electric field arranging inorganic substance 32 forming the surface layer 33 because the organic polymer compound having a relatively small specific gravity is used for the core body 31. Can be made smaller. Although the specific gravity of the inorganic-organic composite particles 30 can be freely adjusted by the type and ratio of the organic polymer compound and the electric field aligning inorganic material used, in general, the specific gravity is 1. It is adjusted to about 0 to 2.0. In this case, if the specific gravity difference from the electrically insulating medium is large, the electric field array particles may settle in the medium by gravity, and uniform dispersion may not be possible.

Surface layer 33 of the above-mentioned inorganic / organic composite particles 30
Alternatively, the core body 31 may include a pigment. The pigment that can be used for the surface layer 33 is a pigment. When the surface layer 33 made of the electric field aligning inorganic material 32 is formed on the core body 31 by the above method, the pigment is preferably mixed with the electric field aligning inorganic material 32 and used to be contained in the surface layer 33. When the core 31 contains a dye, any dye or pigment generally known for synthetic resins can be used. This dye can be contained in the core body 31 by mixing it in the monomer forming the core body 31 in advance and then polymerizing the monomer, or by kneading it into a synthetic resin to be the core body 31. The inorganic-organic composite particles 30 containing a pigment in the surface layer 33 or the core body 31, or both of them are used to prevent scattered light of the obtained electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition 16 when no voltage is applied. It can be colored in any color.

For example, white color can be obtained by mixing titanium hydroxide or silica gel, and blue color can be obtained by mixing the blue pigment phthalocyanine blue (Cyanine Blue S-32 manufactured by Dainichiseika Kogyo Co., Ltd.). Can be colored, yellow pigment First Yellow (Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd., NL First Yellow 5G (S))
Can be colored yellow by mixing with. Furthermore, black iron (III) tetraoxide (Fe ₃
It can be colored black by mixing O ₄ ) and can be colored red by mixing red ferric trioxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) which is an electric semiconductor inorganic substance. Therefore, by using these, various picture words can be displayed in color.

Inorganic / organic composite particles 30 produced by the various methods described above, particularly the method of simultaneously forming the core body 31 and the surface layer 33, generally have the surface layer 33 wholly or partly of an organic polymer substance, Covered with a thin film of dispersants, emulsifiers and other additives used in the manufacturing process,
The electric field arranging effect of the electric field arranging inorganic particles 32 may not be sufficiently exhibited. This thin film of inert material can be easily removed by polishing the surface of the particles.

The surface of the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 can be polished by various methods. For example, the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 may be dispersed in a dispersion medium such as water and the mixture may be stirred. On this occasion,
It is also possible to use a method in which an abrasive such as sand particles or balls is mixed in the dispersion medium and stirred with the inorganic / organic composite particles 30, or a method in which a grinding wheel is used for stirring. For example, it is also possible to perform the stirring by dry method using the inorganic / organic composite particles 30, the abrasive as described above, and a grinding wheel without using the dispersion medium.

A more preferable polishing method is a method in which the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 are agitated by a jet stream or the like. This is a method in which the particles themselves are violently collided with each other in a gas phase and polished, and a preferable method in that an inert substance exfoliated from the surface of the particles can be easily separated by classification without the need for another abrasive. Is. In the above jet stream agitation, the type of equipment used for it,
Although it is difficult to specify the polishing conditions depending on the stirring speed, the material of the inorganic / organic composite particles, etc., it is generally preferable to stir the jet stream at a stirring speed of 6000 rpm for about 0.5 to 15 minutes.

The electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition 16 used in the present invention is prepared by uniformly stirring and mixing the above-mentioned inorganic / organic composite particles 30 in the electrically insulating medium 19 together with other components such as a dispersant. Can be manufactured. As the stirrer, any stirrer normally used for dispersing solid particles in a liquid dispersion medium can be used.

Next, the concentration of the inorganic / organic composite particles, the kinematic viscosity of the electrically insulating medium 19 and the applied voltage which are effective when used in the hazard display device according to the present invention will be described. The particle concentration of the inorganic-organic composite particles 30 in the electrosensitive optical functional fluid composition 16 used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 to 15% by weight. If the particle concentration is less than 0.5% by weight, a sufficient transmitted light control effect cannot be obtained. If the particle concentration is 15% by weight or more, the particle concentration is too high and a large amount of inorganic / organic composite particles 30 are electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition. Since it will be dispersed in the whole of the substance 16, an inorganic / organic composite particle 30 is applied by applying an electric field as described later.
Even if the orientation is controlled, transparency may not be obtained.

Next, the kinematic viscosity of the electrically insulating medium 19 used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 1 to 3000 cSt. When the kinematic viscosity is less than 1 cSt, a large amount of volatile components are mixed in the dispersion medium, which causes a shortage in the storage stability of the electrosensitive optical functional fluid, and the kinematic viscosity is 3000 cS.
If it is larger than t, it is not preferable because the bubble is difficult to come off, but if the bubble is left in the electrically insulating medium, there is a possibility that a partial discharge occurs in a micro region in the bubble during energization to cause a spark and insulation deterioration. . The range of the kinematic viscosity is more preferably 10 to 1000 cSt, 10
-100 cSt is a more preferable range.

Next, the electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition 16
As a voltage applied to, for example, 0.1 to 5.0 kV / m
Although an arbitrary electric field can be applied within the range of m, an electric field larger than this range may be applied. Further, in this applied voltage range, 0.25 to 1.5 k
The range of V / mm is more preferable.

Next, the principle of obtaining a desired display by controlling the amount of transmitted light using the hazard display device A shown in FIG. 1 will be described. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the switch 24 is opened and the transparent conductive layers 17 and 17 are not energized. In this state, no electric field acts on the inorganic-organic composite particles 30, so that the inside of the electrically insulating medium 19 is Will randomly float in. When light enters the housing 18 in this state, the light is scattered in various directions due to the presence of the inorganic-organic composite particles 30, so that the housing 18 becomes opaque.
For example, when a titanium hydroxide-based material is used as the electric field aligning inorganic material 32, the color tone becomes cloudy. When either or both of the surface layer 33 of the inorganic / organic composite particles and the core body 3 contain a pigment, the container 18 is colored with the pigment. Here, if the inorganic-organic composite particles 30 have a spherical shape, light is scattered in all directions, so there is little possibility that light will be converged in a specific direction.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, when the switch 24 is closed to energize the transparent conductive layers 17 and 17, innumerable inorganic / organic composite particles 30 are inserted between the transparent conductive layers 17 and 17. To form a chain 3 by connecting in a direction perpendicular to
It is possible to have a 0 ′ structure, and at the same time, each chain 30 ′ can be oriented in parallel. That is, the ratio of the inorganic-organic composite particles 30 dispersed in the electrically insulating medium 19 is about 10% by weight or less as described above and is small as a whole. With the above structure, there is a space between the chain-like bodies 30 ′ that is considerably wider than the diameter of the inorganic-organic composite particles 30, and as a result, most of the light incident in the thickness direction of the housing body 18 is It passes through the storage body 18 without being attenuated. Therefore, the container 18 can be made transparent. By the above operation, the container 18 can be changed from the opaque state to the transparent state depending on whether or not the transparent conductive layers 17 and 17 are energized, whereby a desired display can be obtained.

Therefore, the hazard display device A having the above structure is
By using it for various picture words, it is possible to easily switch from an opaque state to a transparent state by switching power on and off from a power source, and it is possible to display a picture word such as a hazard warning. That is, the portion other than each transparent conductive layer 17 becomes transparent, and the picture word can be displayed.

Here, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
The character portion to be displayed (display portion 40) is made opaque, and the portion (non-display portion 41) on the inner surface of the transparent substrates 17, 17 excluding the display portion 40 is made transparent. In this case, the transparent conductive layers (non-display part transparent conductive layer 17a) of the non-display part 41 are formed facing each other, and the non-display part transparent conductive layer 17a is energized. Then, the dielectric particles of the non-display part 41 are affected by the electric field,
The non-display part transparent conductive layers 17a, 17a may be chain-bonded in a direction perpendicular to the non-display part transparent conductive layers 17a, 17a to form a chain-shaped combined body 30 '.
Becomes transparent. On the other hand, the dielectric particles of the display unit 40 remain in a randomly floating state, so that the incident light is scattered and remains opaque. Therefore, on a transparent glass plate,
The characters on the display unit 40 are displayed.

When the character portion to be displayed (display portion 40) is desired to be transparent, a transparent conductive layer (display transparent conductive layer 17b) is formed on the display portion 40 on the inner surface of the transparent substrates 17 and 17.
Are formed so as to face each other, and the display section transparent conductive layer 17b may be energized. Then, the display unit 40 becomes transparent under the influence of the electric field, the non-display unit 41 and the display unit 40 become transparent, and the rear window and the like can be kept transparent.
Here, in order to operate the non-display part transparent conductive layer 17a and the display part transparent conductive layer 17b separately and display them separately, the non-display part transparent conductive layer 17a and the display part transparent conductive layer 17b are separated from each other. It is formed by opening.

Further, in the hazard display device A, a voltage of 0.1 to 5.0 kV / mm and a maximum of several mA / m.
Since it can be driven with an extremely small current of ² , 10 W /
If there is an electric power of about m ^2, it can be sufficiently driven, and a power saving structure can be obtained. Furthermore, the transparent conductive layer 17,
Since the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 can be arranged at the same time when electricity is applied to 17, sufficient responsiveness can be obtained. Further, if the amount of transmitted light is controlled by the electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition 16, the amount of transmitted light can be uniformly controlled in the entire wavelength range without absorbing light of a specific frequency. A hazard display device that does not generate heat and is energy-saving is provided.

Further, once the electric field is applied to orient the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 ..., The inorganic / organic composite particles 30.
··· maintains the state for a while even if the voltage is cut off, so the applied voltage becomes intermittently better, and energy-saving driving can be performed accordingly. In addition, the maintaining time of the alignment state of the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 in the absence of an electric field depends on
0 itself or an electrically insulating medium 19 in which it is dispersed
It can be appropriately adjusted according to the kinematic viscosity of. That is, if the kinematic viscosity of the electrically insulating medium 19 is lowered, the maintenance time can be shortened, and if the kinematic viscosity is increased, the maintenance time can be lengthened.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, the phenomenon in which the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 form a chain of one row and are arranged in parallel by the application of an electric field has been described. When the amount exceeds 1% by weight, the chain bodies 30 'are joined to each other in a plurality of rows instead of the chain bodies 30' in one row, and the columns C are arranged and arranged as shown in FIG.

In this column C, the left and right chains 3
Inorganic / organic composite particles 30 of 0'and 30 'are staggered one by one and adjacently staggered. With respect to this, the present inventors arranged the inorganic-organic composite particles, which are dielectrically polarized in the + pole portion and the − pole portion, alternately adjacent to each other and arranged so that the + pole portion and the − pole portion attract each other as shown in FIG. 7. It is estimated that this is because it is more stable in terms of energy.

Therefore, when the content of the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 is large, a large number of columns C are formed between the electrodes, and the mechanism of increasing the amount of transmitted light acts by the generation of the columns C. . In this case, since a large amount of the inorganic / organic composite particles 30, ... Are collected in the plurality of columns C, the intervals between the adjacent columns C are widened, and the function of increasing the amount of transmitted light becomes remarkable.

By the way, the particle size of the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 is set in the range of 0.1 to 500 μm, preferably in the range of 5 to 200 μm as described above, because the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 of the present invention are This is due to the fact that it is a light-scattering particle or a light-reflecting particle in terms of function. As is well known, the wavelength of visible light is 380 to 780 nm, that is, 0.38 to 0.3.
Since it is 78 μm, in order to control the transmitted light by scattering or reflecting light of this wavelength, the
It is necessary that the particle size of the organic composite particles 30 is at least 0.1 μm or more, preferably 5 μm or more.

On the other hand, a particle size smaller than the wavelength of visible light that causes Brownian motion, for example, 5 nm to several 1
When dielectric ultrafine particles of about 0 nm (= 0.005 to 0.02 μm) are dispersed in the electrically insulating medium 19, it is possible that the ultrafine particles can be oriented by an electric field. The transmission mechanism is completely different from the above-mentioned example of the present invention, in which the ultrafine particles are dispersed to completely transmit light when no electric field is applied, and when the electric field is applied, the ultrafine particles are oriented to scatter and attenuate light, It is not preferable because it behaves completely differently.

Next, it is possible to consider ultrafine particles of TiBaO ₄ as the ultrafine particles having dielectric properties as described above. However, TiBaO ₄ is a substance having a specific gravity in the range of 4 to 6 and is heavy. Even if the TiBaO ₄ particles are made to have a large particle size for the purpose of becoming a light-reflecting type, they will be gravitationally sedimented in the electrically insulating medium 19 due to the difference in specific gravity between the particles and the particles cannot be uniformly dispersed. Also, the T
In order to uniformly disperse the iBaO ₄ particles in the electrically insulating medium 19, an electrically insulating medium 19 having a large specific gravity is required, but an electrically insulating medium having a specific gravity of about 4 to 6 does not exist. On the other hand, the inorganic-organic composite particles 30 of the present invention
Since the specific gravity can be easily adjusted to around 1.2 as described above, it is possible to use various kinds of generally known electrically insulating media.

Next, from the viewpoint of colorability, it is difficult to color the ultrafine particles, and even if they can be colored, the particle size is too small.
The color of the ultrafine particles dispersed in No. 9 cannot be perceptibly developed. Therefore, when the ultrafine particles are used, only the color of the electrically insulating medium 19 can be exhibited, and only one coloring pattern can be realized. For example, only changes between red transparent and red opaque are feasible.

On the other hand, according to the present invention, when the medium is red transparent and the inorganic / organic composite particles are white, discoloration of turbid opaque to red transparent can be realized, and the medium is colorless and transparent.
When the inorganic / organic composite particles are blue, blue opacity
A colorless and transparent discoloration can be realized, and when the medium is red and the inorganic / organic composite particles are blue, a violet opaque to red transparent discoloration can be realized, and when the medium is light blue and the particles are yellow, greenish opaque. ~ Light blue transparency can be realized. Further, even when looking at the portion to be colored, all of the core body 31, the surface layer 33, and the electrically insulating medium 19 of the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 can be colored, and coloring variations can be easily added. The surface of the core body 31 of the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 is covered with an inorganic substance, but the color leaks from the gap between the inorganic substances. Therefore, the color when the core body 31 is colored is the color of the electro-sensitive optical functional fluid. Effectively reflected in.

The surface layer 33 of the inorganic / organic composite particles 30
In order to color the above, the required number of colored inorganic pigments are mixed into the inorganic / organic composite particles used when manufacturing the inorganic / organic composite particles 30, and the mixture is uniformly mixed. The inorganic / organic composite particles 30 may be manufactured.
In the inorganic / organic composite particles 30 produced in this way, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, a part of the inorganic / organic composite particles attached to the periphery of the core 31 is a colored inorganic pigment 3.
5, the structure has been replaced by. Thereby, the inorganic / organic composite particles can be colored. The hazard display device of the present application preferably uses inorganic / organic composite particles 30 having a red pigment.

Although in the above-described embodiment, one picture word of a substantially equilateral triangle warning is formed in the rear window, two picture words may be formed as shown in FIG. In this case, each picture word may be associated with the left and right direction flashers of the vehicle.

In this way, by linking each picture word to the left and right direction indicator flashers of the automobile, it can be used together with the hazard display by the normal direction indicator flasher. For example, after displaying a hazard on a highway,
It can be useful for preventing a rear-end collision of a car when leaving the place by telephone contact or the like. The wattage of power used is a few watts and one turn signal flasher is 20
Equivalent to using about watts. Therefore, the burden on the battery is low enough. Then, a picture word other than the hazard warning may be formed like the picture word of the parking lamp shown in FIG.

According to such a hazard display device, at least a part of the window of the automobile is provided with a hollow housing in which at least two facing parts are transparent, and an electric field is applied to the housing. An electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition containing an arraying particle in an electrically insulating medium is housed, and a display part and a non-display part are provided in opposite transparent parts of the housing, and the non-display part is provided. Non-display part transparent conductive layers are respectively formed on the transparent parts facing each other, and display transparent conductive layers are respectively formed on the transparent parts facing each other of the display part,
These display transparent conductive layers are formed in the shape of a picture word that displays parking, stopping, etc. of the automobile, and the non-display transparent conductive layers and the display transparent conductive layers are formed with a space between them. The display part and the non-display part become transparent by energizing the display part transparent conductive layer and the non-display part transparent conductive layer. Further, by energizing only the transparent conductive layer of the display section, the picture word can be displayed on the display section. Therefore, compared to the case of turning on the hazard lamp, the electric field is simply applied to the transparent conductive layer.
It is possible to reduce the consumption of the automobile battery. Since the picture word is displayed in the window of the automobile at a location different from that of the hazard lamp, it can be prevented from being mistakenly recognized as a hazard lamp having a role of indicating a direction.

Further, since the picture word can be displayed in the window of the automobile, the internal space in the automobile can be effectively used as compared with the case where the triangular display plate is mounted in the automobile. Since it is not necessary to install the triangular display plate on the road, the safety of the driver or the like can be improved.
Further, in this embodiment, since the picture word is displayed in the rear window of the automobile, by arranging the backlight inside the rear window, at night, by turning on the backlight, the picture word is displayed. be able to. Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the picture word is displayed on the entire surface of the rear window, the visibility of this picture word can be improved.

Further, the hazard display device of the present invention has a simple structure and can be provided at a much lower cost than the conventional device using liquid crystal at a manufacturing unit price. By the way, the electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition described above is 1/10 or less in unit price and is extremely cheaper than the ordinary liquid crystal material. Further, in a device using liquid crystal, it is necessary to use various control circuits and LSIs for driving the liquid crystal, but the hazard display device A according to the present invention has a simple configuration as described above. The electric circuit around the power supply can be configured with only the minimum switch and wiring.

Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be clarified by showing examples. [Manufacturing Example] A transparent conductive layer made of an ITO (indium tin oxide) film is formed on the surface of a glass which will be a rear window of an automobile, and as shown in FIGS. Then, the non-display area transparent conductive layer was formed on the periphery and inside of the triangle of the display area transparent conductive layer and covered. A 1.0 mm thick IT that covers this transparent conductive layer
Two pieces of O glass were prepared, and the two pieces of glass were opposed to each other in parallel at an interval of 2 mm with the respective transparent conductive layers facing each other, and the periphery was sealed with a resin sealing member. Next, an injection hole is formed in a part of the seal member, a liquid electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition is injected from the injection hole, and the injection hole is closed after the injection, and the transmitted light amount control device having the configuration shown in FIG. Was completed.

The manufacturing process of the electrosensitive optical functional fluid composition used here will be described below. First, titanium hydroxide (generic name; hydrous titanium oxide, manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., C-
II), a mixture of butyl acrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate and a polymerization initiator are dispersed in water containing tricalcium phosphate as a dispersion stabilizer, and suspension polymerization is carried out at 60 ° C. for 1 hour with stirring. I went. The obtained product was filtered, washed with acid, further washed with water, and then dried to obtain inorganic / organic composite particles.

The inorganic / organic composite particles obtained above were agitated by a jet airflow using a jet airflow stirrer (Hybridizer manufactured by Nara Machinery Co., Ltd.) to obtain surface-polished inorganic / organic composite particles. The specific gravity of this thing is 1.1
57 and the average particle diameter was 13.7 μm. The inorganic / organic composite particles are uniformly dispersed in silicone oils of various kinematic viscosities (TSF451 series, manufactured by Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.) so that the content is various weight%. A fluid composition having a constant particle concentration and various particle concentrations and an electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition using a silicone oil having a constant particle concentration and various kinematic viscosities as an electrically insulating medium were obtained.

11 to 15 show the results of transmitted light control experiments conducted using the above various electro-sensitive photo-functional fluid compositions.
Shown in The experiment detects the intensity of light incident on the transparent container and the intensity of light passing through the container with optical sensors,
The results of comparing the two were displayed as increased light in dBm. In this case, an increase in 3.2 dBm means an increase in optical power of 2.09 times, and an increase in 4.2 dBm means an increase in optical power of 2.63 times.

FIG. 11 shows the results of measuring the increased light when the kinematic viscosity of the silicone oil (base oil) was 10 cSt and the inorganic / organic composite particle concentration and the applied electric field were used as parameters. Similarly, FIG. 12 shows the same test result when the kinematic viscosity of silicone oil is 50 cSt, and FIG. 13 shows the same test result when the kinematic viscosity of silicone oil is 100 cSt. From the results shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, 0.5 to 1
At an inorganic / organic composite particle concentration of 5% by weight, 0.2
The dBm value of the increased light increases as the applied electric field is increased in the range of 5 to 1.5 kV / mm. Therefore, it was demonstrated that the amount of transmitted light can be controlled by implementing the present invention. Next, when the concentration of the inorganic / organic composite particles is 1.0% by weight, the ratio of the increased light is small even when the applied electric field is 3 kV / mm. Therefore, it was found that it is preferable to set the concentration of the inorganic / organic composite particles to 2.5% by weight or more.

Next, FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 show the results of the test in which the increased light was measured with the kinematic viscosity of the silicone oil and the applied electric field as parameters when the inorganic / organic composite particle concentration was fixed at 5.0% by weight. In the same test, the test results when the inorganic / organic composite particle concentration is 7.5% by weight are shown. From the results shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, it was found that the increase in the applied electric field in the range of 0.5 to 3 kV / mm increased the dBm value of the increased light in any kinematic viscosity silicone oil. . Therefore, it can be proved that the amount of transmitted light can be controlled by carrying out the present invention, and it was found that the larger the applied electric field within the range of 0.25 to 1.5 kV / mm, the larger the increased light. did.

Further, FIG. 16 shows the case where an electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition in which 7 wt% of inorganic / organic composite particles are dispersed in silicone oil having a kinematic viscosity of 10 cSt is used.
It shows the relationship between the energization time to the electrodes and the change rate of the amount of transmitted light. The amount of transmitted light was measured by introducing light from a light source above a transparent glass container filled with the EA composition, installing an optical sensor below the container, and analyzing the optical power received by this optical sensor. is there. As you can see from this figure,
It is clear that the power supply is started almost at the same time as the start of the power supply or about 1 second after the start of the measurement, and at the same time, the amount of the transmitted light starts to increase and becomes stable at the maximum of the transmitted light in 3 to 4 seconds.

FIG. 17 shows a case where the amount of transmitted light was measured using an electro-sensitive photofunctional fluid composition in which 4% by weight of blue-colored inorganic / organic composite particles was added to silicone oil having a kinematic viscosity of 10 cSt. The frequency dependence of the amount of transmitted light of is shown. The coloring of the inorganic / organic composite particles was performed by substituting 20% by weight of the EA inorganic material constituting the surface layer of the inorganic / organic composite particles with a blue pigment. In the figure,
The curve indicated by E = 0 kV shows the amount of transmitted light when there is no electric field, and the curve indicated by E = 2 kV shows the amount of transmitted light when a potential of 2 kV is applied to the electrodes.

As is clear from a comparison of both curves in FIG. 17, a blue-based electro-sensitive photofunctional fluid composition that transmits a large amount of blue light having a short wavelength when there is no electric field has a wide wavelength when an electric field is applied. It is changed so that light is transmitted widely in the region, and it is clear that the color is changed from blue to colorless and transparent.

FIG. 18 shows the measurement of the amount of transmitted light of only the electrically insulating medium (without inorganic / organic composite particles) using an electrically insulating medium of dimethyl silicone oil containing 0.1% by weight of a blue dye. This is for explaining the frequency dependence of the amount of transmitted light in the case of performing. The electrically insulating medium is a medium that looks pale blue to the naked eye. FIG.
In the above, as is clear by comparing the light source spectrum and the medium spectrum, it is clear that light is absorbed in the part other than the spectrum showing the short-wavelength blue color. It is clear that the electrically insulative medium is blue due to the high transmission.

FIG. 19 shows that dimethyl silicone oil containing 0.1% by weight of a blue dye is used as an electrically insulating medium, and 5% by weight of yellow-colored inorganic / organic composite particles is used.
This is for explaining the frequency dependence of the amount of transmitted light when the composition is dispersed to form an electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition and the amount of transmitted light is measured using the composition. The means used for coloring the inorganic / organic composite particles is the same as in the above example, and a yellow pigment was used this time. FIG. 19 shows a light source spectrum and a transmitted light spectrum when E = 0 kV / mm and E =
The transmitted light spectra at 1 kV / mm are shown respectively. From this figure, it can be seen that what was opaque yellow-green, which is a mixed color of blue and yellow when there was no electric field, changed to a blue transparent state that was nearly colorless and transparent when an electric field was applied. From the above, according to the present invention, various variations of color can be applied to the electrosensitive optical functional fluid composition, and the color can be a transparent state of a different color or a transparent state of the same color or It became clear that it can be changed to a colorless and transparent state. "

Next, Table 1 and Table 2 show the increased light obtained when the concentration of the inorganic / organic composite particles was set to 5.0% by weight using silicone oil (base oil) having a kinematic viscosity of 50 cSt. The results of investigation for each wavelength are shown below.

[0078]

[Table 1]

[0079]

[Table 2]

From the results shown in Tables 1 and 2, when the amount of transmitted light is controlled using the hazard display device according to the present invention,
Uniform increased light was obtained in a wide wavelength range of 400 to 1100 nm, and it became clear that the present invention enables uniform adjustment of the amount of transmitted light in a wide wavelength range. The wavelength range of visible light is usually 480 to 780 nm.
Therefore, it has been clarified that the device of the present invention has a uniform transmitted light control performance in almost the entire wavelength range of visible light and in the infrared range having a longer wavelength.

[0081]

As described above, according to the present invention, solid particles can be oriented by applying an electric field to the electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition housed in the container, whereby the container can be oriented. Since it is possible to control the amount of light that passes through the transparent portion, it is possible to obtain a desired display only by controlling the energization. That is, since the display transparent conductive layer and the non-display transparent conductive layer are formed with a space, and the display transparent conductive layer is formed in the shape of a picture word for displaying parking, stopping, etc. of a car, the display transparent By energizing the conductive layer and the non-display part transparent conductive layer, these can be made transparent, and by energizing only the display part transparent conductive layer, the picture word can be displayed on the display part. By displaying this picture word, the presence of this vehicle can be notified when the vehicle is parked or stopped.

Therefore, as compared with the case where the hazard lamp is turned on, since the electric field is simply applied to the transparent conductive layer, the consumption of the automobile battery can be reduced. Since the picture word is displayed in the window of the automobile at a location different from that of the hazard lamp, it can be prevented from being mistakenly recognized as a hazard lamp having a role of indicating a direction. Further, since the picture word can be displayed in the window of the automobile, the internal space in the automobile can be effectively used as compared with the case where the triangular display plate is mounted in the automobile. And since there is no need to install a triangle display board on the road,
The safety of the driver etc. can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a hazard display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a dispersed state of inorganic / organic composite particles in a non-energized state with respect to the transparent conductive layer of the hazard display device shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an alignment state of inorganic / organic composite particles in a state where electricity is applied to a transparent conductive layer of the transmitted light amount control device shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the inorganic / organic composite particles used in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the chain forms a column.

7 is an explanatory diagram showing the dielectric polarization of the inorganic / organic composite particles shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a colored state of the inorganic / organic composite particles.

FIG. 9 is a front view of another picture word of FIG. 1.

FIG. 10 is a modification of FIG. 1.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the light transmittance when an electrically insulating medium having a kinematic viscosity of 10 cSt was used in the apparatus of the example, with the particle concentration and the applied voltage as parameters.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the light transmittance in the case of using an electrically insulating medium having a kinematic viscosity of 50 cSt in the apparatus of the example, using the particle concentration and the applied voltage as parameters.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the light transmittance in the case of using an electrically insulating medium having a kinematic viscosity of 100 cSt in the apparatus of the example, using the particle concentration and the applied voltage as parameters.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the light transmittance when inorganic / organic composite particles having a particle concentration of 5.0% by weight are used in the apparatus of the embodiment, with applied voltage and kinematic viscosity of an electrically insulating medium as parameters. .

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the light transmittance when inorganic / organic composite particles having a particle concentration of 7.5% by weight are used in the apparatus of the example, with applied voltage and kinematic viscosity of the electrically insulating medium as parameters. .

FIG. 16 shows a kinematic viscosity of 10 cSt in the apparatus of the example.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the energization time to an electrode and the rate of change in the amount of transmitted light using the electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition in which 7% by weight of inorganic / organic composite particles are dispersed in the silicone oil of FIG.

FIG. 17 shows a kinematic viscosity of 10 cSt in the apparatus of the example.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing frequency dependence of the amount of transmitted light when the amount of transmitted light is measured using the electro-sensitive photofunctional fluid composition in which 4% by weight of blue-colored inorganic / organic composite particles is added to the silicone oil of Is.

FIG. 18: In the device of the example, a blue dye is added to
It is an explanatory view explaining the frequency dependence of the amount of transmitted light when the amount of transmitted light of only this is used, using the electrically insulating medium of the dimethyl silicon oil which added 1 weight%.

FIG. 19 shows a blue dye of 0.
Dimethyl silicone oil added with 1% by weight was used as an electrically insulating medium, and 5% by weight of yellow-colored inorganic / organic composite particles were dispersed therein to form an electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition. It is a figure explaining the frequency dependence of the transmitted light quantity at the time of measuring transmitted light quantity using it.

FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining lighting of a conventional hazard lamp.

[Explanation of symbols]

15 ... Transparent substrate, 16 ... Electrosensitive optical functional fluid composition, 17 ... Transparent conductive layer, 17a ... Display section transparent conductive layer,
17b ... Non-display part transparent conductive layer, 18 ... Storage body, 19 ...
Electrically insulating medium, 20 ... Sealing member, 21 ... Electrode part,
30 ... Inorganic / organic composite particles, 31 ... Core body, 32 ... Inorganic / organic composite particles, 33 ... Surface layer, 40 ... Display part, 41
… Hidden area.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kazuya Edamura 2-6-15 Shiba Park, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside Fujikura Kasei Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasufumi Otsubo 9-chome Konakadai, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 21-1 206

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A hazard display device for informing the presence of a vehicle when the vehicle is parked, stopped, etc., wherein at least a part of a window of the car is transparent at least on opposite sides of the two opposite sides. And a hollow container for storing an electro-sensitive optical functional fluid composition containing an electric field arranging particle in an electrically insulating medium, the transparent container facing each other. A display part and a non-display part are provided in the parts, non-display part transparent conductive layers are respectively formed in the transparent parts facing each other of the non-display part, and display part transparent conductive layers are respectively formed in the transparent parts facing each other of the display part. Formed, these display transparent conductive layers were formed in the shape of a picture word for displaying parking, stopping, etc. of a car, and these non-display transparent conductive layers and display transparent conductive layers were formed at intervals. Characterized by That hazard display device. 2. The hazard display device according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive layer of the display portion is formed in the shape of a picture word of a hazard warning of a substantially equilateral triangle. 3. The electric field aligning particles are inorganic / organic composite particles formed by a core body made of an organic polymer compound and a surface layer containing an inorganic substance having an electric field aligning effect. The hazard display device according to any one of 1 to 2. 4. The hazard display device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the surface layer, the core, and the electrically insulating medium contains a dye.