JPH08106586A - Method and device for detecting fire - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a fire detector which can realize the optimum and effective discrimination of a fire based on an installing place by using an optical fiber as a sensor. CONSTITUTION: This fire detector is provided with the optical fiber 15 laid in the monitoring area of the fire, a measuring part 14 to measure temperature at each position on the optical fiber 15 at prescribed time intervals, a RAM 12 to store the temperature until a prescribed time for every position on the optical fiber among the number of the temperature measured by the measuring part 14, and an MPU 10 which calculates a difference value between the temperatures at each position and the temperatures of the prescribed time before stored in the RAM 12 and detects the fire generation on the basis of the difference value and a preset fire discriminant value when the temperature at each position on the optical fiber 15 is measured by the measuring part 14.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire detecting device for detecting a fire using an optical fiber, for example.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a device for detecting a fire using an optical fiber, there is a fire detection sensor disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-73400. This is provided with an optical fiber as a sensor section, and a light projecting / receiving section for detecting backscattered light from the inside of the optical fiber by injecting pulsed laser light having an output of Raman threshold or more from the input end of this optical fiber, The position on the optical fiber and the temperature at that position are measured by the temperature dependence of the intensity of the backscattered light and the time difference from the time when the pulsed light is incident, and the fire is identified only by the measured temperature.

A conventional fire detecting device using an optical fiber is designed to detect a fire by using the above-mentioned fire detecting sensor. In the fire detecting, a constant temperature for judging a fire when a predetermined temperature is exceeded. It was due to the expression movement.

[0004]

Conventionally, as a fire detector used in a fire detecting facility, a constant temperature spot type fire detector (mainly using a bimetal or the like),
There are various types of differential spot fire detectors (mainly using an air chamber, etc.), differential distributed fire detectors (mainly using an air pipe, etc.), etc. Each of the sensors has advantages and disadvantages, and the optimum sensor is selected and used based on the installation location in the building. Therefore, in the conventional fire detection device as described above, there is a problem that when an optical fiber is used as a sensor, the optimum fire determination based on the installation location cannot be performed.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and uses an optical fiber as a sensor.
An object of the present invention is to obtain a fire detection method and a fire detection device capable of performing optimal and effective fire discrimination based on the installation location.

[0006]

A fire detecting method according to a first aspect of the present invention measures a temperature at each position on an optical fiber attached to a fire monitoring area, and measures the temperature at each position and a predetermined temperature. A difference value with respect to the temperature measured before time is calculated, and a fire is detected based on the difference value and a preset fire determination value. A fire detection method according to a second aspect of the present invention measures temperatures at respective positions on an optical fiber attached to a fire monitoring area, calculates an average value of the measured temperatures, and calculates the calculated average value. The difference value from the average value calculated a predetermined time ago is calculated, and the fire is detected based on the difference value and the preset fire determination value.

A fire detecting apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention comprises an optical fiber attached to a fire monitoring area, and a measuring means for measuring the temperature at each position on the optical fiber at predetermined time intervals.
Of the temperatures measured by the measuring means, storage means for storing the temperature up to a predetermined time before for each position on the optical fiber,
When the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means, the difference value between the temperature at each position and the temperature before the predetermined time stored in the storage means at that position is calculated, respectively, And a calculation means for detecting a fire based on the difference value and a preset fire determination value.

A fire detecting apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention comprises an optical fiber attached to a fire monitoring area, and a measuring means for measuring the temperature at each position on the optical fiber at predetermined time intervals.
Of the average value of the temperature measured by the measuring means, a storage means for storing the average value up to a predetermined time before, and the average value when the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means. The calculation means calculates a difference value from an average value stored in the storage means a predetermined time before, and detects a fire based on the difference value and a preset fire determination value.

[0009]

In the first aspect of the invention, the temperature at each position on the optical fiber attached to the fire monitoring area is measured, and the temperature measured at each position and the temperature measured a predetermined time before are measured. The difference values are calculated, and the fire is detected based on the difference value and the preset fire determination value.
In the second invention, the temperature at each position on the optical fiber attached to the fire monitoring area is measured, and the average value of the measured temperatures is calculated. A difference value from the calculated average value is calculated, and a fire is detected based on the difference value and a preset fire determination value.

In the third invention, an optical fiber is attached to a fire monitoring area, the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means at predetermined time intervals, and the storage means measures the temperature. Of the measured temperature, the temperature up to a predetermined time before is stored for each position on the optical fiber,
When the calculating means measures the temperature at each position on the optical fiber by the measuring means, the difference value between the temperature at each position and the temperature before the predetermined time stored in the storage means at that position is calculated. A fire is detected based on the calculated difference value and the preset fire determination value.

In the fourth invention, an optical fiber is attached to a fire monitoring area, the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means at predetermined time intervals, and the storage means measures the temperature. Among the average values of the measured temperature, the average value up to a predetermined time before is stored, and by the calculating means,
When the measuring means measures the temperature at each position on the optical fiber, a difference value between the average value and the average value stored in the storage means a predetermined time before is calculated, and the difference value and the preset value are calculated. A fire is detected based on the determined fire discrimination value.

[0012]

1 is a block diagram showing the construction of a fire detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 10 is a microprocessor (MPU) for controlling the entire apparatus, 1
Reference numeral 1 is a ROM that stores a program for performing a fire detection operation, 12 is a RAM that stores data such as temperature when performing a fire detection operation, 13 is an input device that inputs settings for fire detection, 14 Has a light projecting unit and a light receiving unit such as a laser for obtaining backscattered light from the optical fiber 15, and a processing device for controlling the light projecting unit and the light receiving unit to measure the position on the optical fiber 15 and the temperature at the position. Measuring unit (SE
16 is an interface for taking in the position measured at SE 14 and the temperature at that position, and 17 is a transmission / reception unit (hereinafter T) for transmitting / receiving a signal such as a fire signal to / from a fire receiver or the like.
RX).

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of this embodiment. First, in this embodiment, as shown in Table 1, for a plurality of setting items DTn, a distance on the optical fiber 15 is set as Dm as a fire monitoring range, a starting point distance DS and an end point distance DE are set, Its monitoring range D
The fire discrimination method and address ADn for S to DE are set, and the fire discrimination method is FDL (constant temperature type spot type), FDP (differential type spot type), FDT (differential type distributed type) and FDX (constant temperature type). Distributed type) is preset in the ROM 11 according to the environment of the monitoring range.

[0014]

[Table 1]

Then, when the power is turned on, the apparatus is initialized (S100), a start command is sent to SE14 (S101), and a time wait is performed to measure the temperature on the optical fiber 15 in SE14 (S102). ), All distances Dm and their temperatures Tm on the optical fiber 15 are read from the SE 14 (S103), and the data of the read distances Dm and their temperatures Tm are stored in the RAM 12. After that, the fire discrimination processing is performed for the setting items DTn from the first DT1. First, n is set to "0" (S104), 1 is added to n (S105), DS and DE of DTn are read (S106), and the total number CE of temperature measurement points between DS and DE read in S106 is calculated. Calculate (S107).

Then, the determination method of the setting item DTn is FD.
It is determined whether or not L (S108), and if the determination method is SDL in S108, the FDL routine is entered (S10).
9) If the determination method is not FDL in S108, it is determined whether the determination method of the setting item DTn is FDP (S
110), if the determination method in S110 is FDP, FDP
The routine is entered (S111), and the discrimination method is F in S110.
If it is not DP, it is judged whether or not the discrimination method of the setting item DTn is FDT (S112), and if the discrimination method is FDT in S112, the FDT routine is entered (S113),
If the determination method is not FDT in S112, the setting item DT
It is determined whether or not the determination method of n is FDX (S11
4) If the determination method is FDX in S114, the FDX routine is entered (S115), and the determination method is FDP in S114.
If not, it is considered that the setting of the discrimination method is defective, and TR
A signal indicating a setting error is sent from X17 (S11).
6).

Then, FDL, FDP, FDT, FDX
When any one of the routines ends or a signal indicating a setting failure is sent, it is judged whether or not the setting item DTn is equal to or more than the final setting item DTE (S117).
If not, the process returns to S105 and the fire determination process is performed for the next setting item. If DTn is greater than or equal to DTE in S117, a predetermined timing is taken in order to keep the SE14 activation interval constant, for example, every 15 seconds.
Then, the above operation is repeated.

Next, the operation of the FDL routine will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the FDL routine. First, when the FDL routine is started, the FD
The reference value SL for discriminating the fire in L is read from the storage area set in the ROM 11 or the like (S120), and the distance DS of the starting point of the discriminating area is set as Dm (for example, the distance D1 in the setting item DT1) ( S121), distance D
The temperature Tm of m is read (S122). Then, it is judged whether or not the read temperature Tm is larger than the reference value SL (S123), and if it is larger in S123, the distance Dm.
The fire signal to the RAM 12 (S124),
It is determined whether or not Dm is equal to the end point distance DE (for example, the distance D4 in the setting item DT1) (S125). Also,
If not large in S123, the process proceeds to S125.

If Dm is not equal to the end point distance DE in S125, Dm is set to the next distance and the process returns to S122 (S126). If it is determined that the fire signal is stored in S127, the address AD of the setting item DTn is determined.
n (for example, address AD1 in setting item DT1) is read, a fire signal is sent from TRX17 to the signal line together with address ADn, and the FDL routine ends (S12).
8). Further, if it is determined in S127 that the fire signal is not stored, the FDL routine is ended as it is.

Next, the operation of the FDP routine will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the FDP routine. First, when the FDP routine is started, the FD
The reference value SP for discriminating the fire at P is read from the storage area set in the ROM 11 or the like (S130), and the distance DS of the starting point of the discriminating area is set as Dm (for example, the distance D5 in the setting item DT2) ( S131), distance D
The temperature Tm of m and the predetermined number of times f stored in the RAM 12
The temperature Tm (f) at the previous distance Dm is read (S132). Here, the temperature Tm (f) is the temperature before the predetermined time at the distance Dm, and the number of times f is determined by the start timing of SE14. For example, in this embodiment, f = 4, 15 By storing the temperature for four times in the RAM 12 every second, the temperature one minute before is stored in the temperature Tm (4).

Then, the temperature difference ΔTm between Tm and Tm (f) is calculated (S133), and it is judged whether or not the temperature difference ΔTm calculated in S133 is larger than the reference value SP (S134).
If the value is 134, the fire signal for the distance Dm is stored in the RAM 12 (S135), Tm is set to Tm (1), and the data up to Tm (f) is replaced with the next data (S136). Is equal to the end point distance DE (for example, the distance D8 in the setting item DT2) (S1).
37). If not large in S134, the process proceeds to S136.

If Dm is not equal to the end point distance DE in S137, Dm is set to the next distance and the process returns to S132 (S138). If Sm is equal to the end point distance DE in S137, the fire signal is stored in the RAM 12. If it is determined that the fire signal is stored in S139, the address AD of the setting item DTn is determined.
n (for example, address AD2 in setting item DT2) is read, a fire signal is sent from TRX17 to the signal line together with address ADn, and the FDP routine is ended (S14).
0). If it is determined that the fire signal is not stored in S139, the FDP routine is ended as it is.

Next, the operation of the FDT routine will be described. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the FDT routine. First, when the FDT routine is started, the FD
The reference value ST for the fire discrimination at T is read from the storage area set in the ROM 11 or the like (S150), and the distance DS of the starting point of the discrimination area is set as Dm (for example, the distance D9 in the setting item DT3) ( S151), ΣT for calculating the total temperature measured between DS and DE of the setting item DTn is set to “0” (S152), and the distance Dm is set.
The temperature Tm of is read (S153).

Then, Tm is added to ΣT (S15
4), it is determined whether Dm is equal to the end point distance DE (for example, the distance D12 in the setting item DT3) (S155), and S
If Dm is not equal to the end point distance DE at 155, then Dm
Is set to the next distance and the process returns to S153 (S156) and is repeated until all the temperatures measured between DS and DE are added. Then, if Dm is equal to the end point distance DE in S155, the addition of all the temperatures measured from DS to DE is completed, so ΣT is divided by the total number CE of temperature measurement points from DS to DE, and from DS Average temperature T between DE
The AV is calculated (S157).

Then, the average temperature TAV (f) stored in the RAM 12 before the predetermined number of times f is read, and the average temperature TAV (f) is read.
And the temperature difference ΔTAV of the average temperature TAV (f) before the predetermined number of times f is calculated (S158), it is determined whether the temperature difference ΔTAV calculated in S158 is larger than the reference value ST (S159), and S
If it is larger than 159, the fire signal is stored in the RAM 12 (S160), TAV is set to TAV (1), the data up to TAV (f) is replaced with the next data (S161), and S1 is set.
If it is not larger than 59, the process proceeds to S161.

Then, it is judged whether or not the fire signal is stored in the RAM 12 (S162), and if it is judged that the fire signal is stored in S162, the address ADn of the setting item DTn (for example, in the setting item DT3, Address A
D3) is read and the fire signal is sent to T together with the address
The signal is sent from the RX 17 to the signal line and the FDT routine ends (S163). If it is determined in S162 that the fire signal is not stored, the FDT routine is ended as it is.

Next, the operation of the FDX routine will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the FDX routine. First, when the FDX routine is started, the FD
The reference value SX for the fire discrimination at X is read from the storage area set in the ROM 11 or the like (S170), and the distance DS of the starting point of the discrimination area is set as Dm (for example, the distance D13 in the setting item DT4) ( S171), ΣT for calculating the total temperature measured between DS and DE of the setting item DTn is set to "0" (S172), and the distance Dm is set.
The temperature Tm of is read (S173).

Then, Tm is added to ΣT (S17
4), it is judged whether or not Dm is equal to the end point distance DE (for example, the distance D16 in the setting item DT4) (S175), S
If Dm is not equal to the end point distance DE at 175, then Dm
Is set as the next distance and the process returns to S173 (S176) and is repeated until all the temperatures measured from DS to DE are added. If Dm is equal to the end point distance DE in S175, the addition of all the temperatures measured from DS to DE is completed, so ΣT is divided by the total number CE of temperature measurement points from DS to DE, and from DS Average temperature T between DE
The AV is calculated (S177).

Then, the average temperature TAV calculated in S177
Is larger than the reference value SX (S178),
If it is large in S178, the fire signal is stored in the RAM 12 (S179), and it is determined whether or not the fire signal is stored in the RAM 12 (S180). If it is not large in S178, the process proceeds to S180. If it is determined in S180 that the fire signal is stored, the address ADn of the setting item DTn (for example, the address ADn of the setting item DT4 is set).
4) Read out and fire signal TR with address ADn
The signal is sent from X17 to the signal line to end the FDX routine (S181). If it is determined that the fire signal is not stored in S180, the FDX routine is ended as it is.

In this embodiment, the fire discriminating process is performed by the optimum fire discriminating method according to the environment of the plural monitoring ranges on the optical fiber, so that more temperature information can be obtained by the optical fiber and the monitoring range can be obtained. By using the differential fire detection method according to the environment, it is possible to detect fires earlier than the conventional method of determining fires only with the constant temperature method, and to make accurate fire judgments. It will be possible. In this embodiment, one fire discrimination method is set for one monitoring range, but the same surveillance range is set for a plurality of setting items DTn, and different fire discrimination methods are set for each. A plurality of fire determination methods may be set in one monitoring range.

Further, in this embodiment, the above setting items DT
Although n has been described as being set in the ROM 11 in advance,
It may be set in the RAM 12 or the like by the input device 13,
Other storage media such as EEPROM, IC card, and floppy disk may be used. Also, the setting items DTn
In the above, the discrimination method is set for the monitoring ranges DS to DE, but a plurality of reference values may be prepared and the level thereof may be set. Then, the optimum discrimination method and the optimum level can be set for each range.

[0032]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the invention, the temperature at each position on the optical fiber attached to the fire monitoring area is measured, and the temperature measured at each position and the predetermined time are measured. The difference between the measured temperature and the previously measured temperature is calculated, and the fire is detected based on the difference and the preset fire discrimination value. This is carried out by the dynamic spot type operation, and it is possible to detect a fire at an early stage and to make an accurate fire judgment.

According to the second invention, the temperature at each position on the optical fiber attached to the fire monitoring area is measured, the average value of the measured temperatures is calculated, and the calculated average value is calculated. By calculating the difference value from the average value calculated a predetermined time ago and detecting the fire based on the difference value and the preset fire judgment value, the fire judgment of the monitoring area using the optical fiber Has an effect that it is possible to detect a fire at an early stage by performing a differential distribution type operation and to make an accurate fire judgment.

According to the third invention, an optical fiber is attached to a fire monitoring area, the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means at predetermined time intervals, and the storage means measures the temperature. Among the temperatures measured in, the temperature up to a predetermined time is stored for each position on the optical fiber, and when the temperature is measured at each position on the optical fiber by the measuring means by the calculating means, Calculate the difference value between the temperature at the position and the temperature before the predetermined time stored in the storage means at that position, and detect the fire based on the difference value and the preset fire determination value. Therefore, it is possible to perform fire discrimination in the monitoring area using the optical fiber by a differential spot type operation, to perform early fire detection, and to perform accurate fire determination.

According to the fourth invention, an optical fiber is attached to the fire monitoring area, the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means at predetermined time intervals, and the storing means measures the temperature. Among the average values of the temperature measured in, the average value up to a predetermined time is stored, and when the calculating means measures the temperature at each position on the optical fiber, the average value and the stored value are stored. The difference between the average value stored in the device and the average value before a predetermined time is calculated, and the fire is detected based on the difference value and the preset fire discrimination value. Fire detection in the area is performed by differential distribution type operation, and early fire detection can be performed,
It has the effect of making accurate fire decisions.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fire detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation of an FDL routine.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of an FDP routine.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of an FDT routine.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of an FDX routine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Microprocessor (Calculation Means) 11 ROM 12 RAM (Storage Means) 13 Input Device 14 Measuring Unit (Measuring Means) 15 Optical Fiber 16 Interface 17 Transmitter / Receiver

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A temperature at each position on an optical fiber attached to a fire monitoring area is measured, and a difference value between the temperature measured at each position and the temperature measured a predetermined time before is calculated. Then, a fire detection method for detecting a fire based on the difference value and a preset fire determination value. 2. The temperature at each position on the optical fiber attached to the fire monitoring area is measured, the average value of the measured temperatures is calculated, and the calculated average value is calculated before a predetermined time. A fire detection method that calculates a difference value from the average value and detects a fire based on the difference value and a preset fire determination value. 3. An optical fiber attached to a fire monitoring area, measuring means for measuring the temperature at each position on the optical fiber at predetermined time intervals, and among the temperatures measured by the measuring means, Storage means for storing the temperature up to a predetermined time before for each position on the optical fiber, and when the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means, the temperature at each position and its And a calculating unit that calculates a difference value between the position and the temperature before a predetermined time stored in the storage unit, and detects a fire based on the difference value and a preset fire determination value. Characteristic fire detection device. 4. An optical fiber attached to a fire monitoring area, measuring means for measuring the temperature at each position on the optical fiber at predetermined time intervals, and an average value of the temperature measured by the measuring means. Among them, a storage unit that stores an average value up to a predetermined time, and when the measuring unit measures the temperature at each position on the optical fiber, the average value and the storage unit store the average value. A fire detection device comprising: a calculation unit that calculates a difference value from an average value before a predetermined time, and detects a fire based on the difference value and a preset fire determination value.