JPH0810291B2 - Solar lighting system - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a system for sending sunlight into a room or the like where sunlight does not enter directly, and is particularly suitable for multipurpose use of sunlight with high efficiency of sunlight. The present invention relates to a sunlight collecting system for collecting and transmitting light.

[Prior Art] As a publicly known example close to the present invention in that condensed light is made into light with high parallelism, there is a solar lighting system described in "Technology for Utilizing Sunlight and Its System Development" p43. Also, as a publicly known example close to the present invention as a system for transmitting condensed light by a mirror, there is a publicly known example described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 12848/1982.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

The former of the above-mentioned publicly known examples uses four reflecting mirrors, but it is generally known that when one mirror is used, 10% or more of light is lost due to absorption and irregular reflection of the mirror. When a mirror is used, the light intensity is attenuated to at least 65% of the incident light only in the daylighting section. Further, in the case of this known example, the simplest control method is to perform sun tracking around a movable plane mirror, but even in that case, the rotary parabolic reflector and the plane mirror are interlocked and rotated at different angular velocities. It is necessary and the control mechanism is complicated. Generally, in a system that transmits condensed light, since it transmits for several tens of meters in a building, a slight angle error of light appears as a large displacement error. Therefore, in the case of this known example, an extremely high-precision technique is required to control the angle, resulting in a high cost. On the other hand, the latter of the above-mentioned known examples collects the light from the plane mirror at the focal point of the parabolic surface and transmits the condensed light, but the reflected light from the plane mirror is the light reflected at one point in each plane mirror. The light reflected off the parabolic mirror is out of focus except 30 to 40 degrees at the maximum from the optical axis direction of the parabolic mirror. Considering, for example, the case where this light is transmitted through an optical duct, the parallelism is extremely poor, so that the light is reflected many times in the optical duct, and most of the light is attenuated. Therefore, the transmission efficiency is very poor. Assuming that the transmission part is composed of optical fibers in this known example, the light emitted from the parabolic mirror is a light with a low energy density that is condensed at most about 10 times, and therefore a large number of optical fibers are required. It will be a cost. In addition, in this system, since the parallelism is poor, the ratio of deviating from the optical axis of the optical fiber is high, and the reflection loss of light at the entrance of the optical fiber is large, resulting in extremely poor efficiency. Furthermore, in the above-mentioned known example, a parabolic mirror is used instead of a plane mirror, and it can be easily analogized when using light that has been condensed in advance, but in that case, the parabolic mirror will not be in focus depending on the position of the sun, Finally, light with poor parallelism is emitted, resulting in poor efficiency. In addition, when each plane mirror is made small in order to reduce the deviation from the focus of the parabolic mirror (This changes the shape of a large mirror composed of many plane mirrors to track the sun and direct light to the focus of the parabolic mirror. It is also possible to easily condense light), but it is necessary to control each plane mirror independently at different angles, the control is complicated, and a large number of drive units are required, which is also expensive.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a sunlight collecting system capable of collecting sunlight by collecting sunlight with high efficiency.

In addition to the above, it is to provide a low-cost solar lighting system.

[Means for solving the problem]

Means for achieving the above-mentioned object is a sunlight collecting system comprising a daylighting section for converting sunlight into parallel rays of high energy density and a transmitting section for transmitting condensed parallel rays. A converging part composed of one optical element having a focal point for light and a reflecting part composed of one concave mirror having a focal point for converting the condensed light into parallel rays,
The focus of the condensing part and the reflecting part are made to coincide with each other, and two rotating shafts for tracking the sun are provided in the daylighting part, and one of them is used as the rotating shaft in the altitude direction of the condensing part. Provided on a line passing through the focal point, provided the entrance of the transmission unit at a position where parallel rays from the concave mirror are incident at a right angle,
A solar lighting system, characterized in that a concave mirror is fixed against rotation in the altitude direction.

[Action]

In the case of a solar lighting system, high efficiency and low cost are important technical issues for practical use. Considering the efficiency of the above-mentioned known example, the reason is that the number of reflections by the mirror of the daylighting section is large, so that the light is heavily attenuated, or the parallelism of the condensed light is poor, and the number of reflections by the light transmitting section is large. The system efficiency is about 30% at most. Therefore, by reducing the number of reflections at the daylighting section and obtaining condensed light with good parallelism,
High-efficiency optical transmission becomes possible, and the problem of efficiency of the conventional technology can be solved. Furthermore, considering the cost,
Generally, the cost of transmitting condensed light is far more advantageous in the case of the optical duct or the mirror than the optical fiber. However, in the case of an optical duct or a mirror, a slight angular error leads to an increase in the number of reflections or leakage from the transmission space, so that the prior art requires a highly accurate and complicated control mechanism, which has not led to cost reduction. However, if the number of drive units in the light collection unit is reduced and the traveling direction of light is determined by the geometric shape and arrangement as much as possible, and in principle the error produced by the drive unit is reduced, light that is always condensed in a fixed direction Can be easily sent. Therefore, the drive control becomes simple and the transmission by the optical duct or the like can be performed without causing the efficiency reduction, so that the cost problem can be solved.

〔Example〕

The basic configuration of the lighting unit of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The lighting unit is composed of two rotating parabolic mirrors, the reflecting mirror 1 collects sunlight, and the reflecting mirror 2 collimates the light coming from the reflecting mirror 1 and always sends it in a fixed direction. In order for the reflecting mirror 1 to collect sunlight on one point, the optical axis of the reflecting mirror 1 must always be directed toward the sun, and this driving operation is generally called sun tracking. The sun tracking method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Considering the case where the sun travels along the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 2, in order for the reflecting mirror 1 to track the sun, the optical axis of the reflecting mirror 1 is set in the direction of the sun by two rotational operations in the azimuth direction and the altitude direction. You can see that they can match. Therefore, the lighting unit has a structure having two rotation axes. As shown in FIG. 1, the reflecting mirror 1 is rotated about the rotating shaft 5 by the drive motor 4 in the altitude direction, and the rotating shaft 5 is installed on a line including the focal point of the reflecting mirror 1. On the other hand, in the azimuth direction, the reflector 1
The support 3 having a center of rotation on a vertical line including the focal point of is rotatable. Next, the reflecting mirror 2 is supported by the column 6, and the column 6 is not connected to the drive motor 4 and is a non-rotating shaft. Therefore, the reflecting mirror 2 is configured to rotate only in the azimuth direction along with the rotation of the support column 3. The pillar 3 is provided with a window 7 for taking in the collected light, and the driving unit 9 inside the pedestal 8 is hollow to secure the passage of light, and the lighting unit is housed in the dome 16 in order to remove the influence of dust and dust as much as possible. ing.
Next, the geometrical configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The reflecting mirror 1 and the reflecting mirror 2 have their respective focal points aligned with each other, and the rotation axis in the altitude direction of the reflecting mirror 1 and the rotation axis in the azimuth direction of the reflecting mirrors 1 and 2 are both provided on a line passing through the focal points. In the case of this configuration, even if the reflecting mirror 1 is rotated in the azimuth direction or the altitude direction for sun tracking, the focus position does not change because the rotation axis passes through the focus. Further, the optical axis of the reflecting mirror 2 of the present invention is fixed in the vertical direction, but as shown in FIG. 4, in the case of a parabolic mirror, the light passing through the focus is always reflected in the optical axis direction. The light reflected by the reflecting mirror 2 travels vertically downward regardless of the position of the reflecting mirror 1 that tracks the sun. At that time, if a reflector having a short focal point is used as the reflecting mirror 2, high focusing can be performed, and the light reflected by the reflecting mirror 2 can be reflected on the vertical line of the focal point or in the vicinity thereof, and the collimated light focused on the window 7 is always sent. I can put it in. Further, the present invention may be used in a region where the solar altitude is high,
In that case, as shown in FIG. 1, an opening 21 is provided in the reflecting mirror 1 in order to secure a passage for the light reflected by the reflecting mirror 2.
Next, FIG. 5 shows a basic configuration diagram of the optical transmission unit of the present invention. In the case of the present invention, since the parallelism is high, it is possible to perform optical transmission by an optical duct or a reflecting mirror. The condensed light is spatially transmitted in the light duct 10, and when guided to each room, a part of the light is taken out using the mirror 11 and transmitted to each room. As the mirror 11, a half mirror that reflects several tens of percent of incident light or only a part of the mirror surface is transmitted to the transmission unit and a part of the transmitted light is guided to the room. Then, the light guided to the room is uniformly scattered by the scatterer 12 and taken into the room.

FIG. 6 shows a specific embodiment of the present invention. The reflector 1 for tracking the sun has a diameter of 1 m, and the cross-sectional shape passing through the center is Y
= Use a paraboloid of aX ² type. And the focal length is 0.75m
And (Cross-sectional shape of the paraboloid of revolution becomes Y = 0.333X ^2.) On the other hand, the reflecting mirror 2 is also a parabolic mirror, the focal length is
The cross-sectional shape is 0.05 m and Y = 5 × ² . The reflector 1 and the reflector 2 are arranged as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the reflecting mirror 1 is a column 3 that rotates in the azimuth direction.
The supporting column 13 is fixed at the periphery of the reflecting mirror 1. Further, the column 13 is rotated in the altitude direction by the drive motor 4. The drive motor 4 and the drive motor 14 are controlled by a control power supply 15 having a control arithmetic circuit that obtains the sun position from the date and time. The drive motor 4 uses an input AC 100V, 5W, and a gear ratio of 1000. Decelerate with a reduction gear of ~ 3000. On the other hand, the drive motor 14 similarly uses an input AC 100V, 10W, and is decelerated by a reduction gear having a gear ratio of 1000 to 3000. The reflecting mirror 1 is made of aluminum coated with a mirror having a high reflectance, and has a thickness of about 1 mm. The weight of the reflecting mirror at that time is about 3.5 kg, and is less than 10 kg even if the drive motor 4 and the aluminum column 13 are added. Therefore, the pillar 3 is made of iron and has a cross section of several cm ² . Then, the daylighting section is housed in an acrylic dome 16 having a diameter of 1.5 m and a thickness of about 5 m. Further, the light reflected by the reflecting mirror 2 is sent to the optical transmission section through the window 7 of φ20 cm. Next, FIG. 8 shows the calculation result of the parallelism of the light emitted from the condenser of the present invention. From this result, the parallelism is approximately ± 2.
Degree is obtained. It can also be confirmed by calculation that light with a light collection ratio of about 100 can be obtained. FIG. 9 shows an embodiment based on this result. The optical transmission unit is an optical duct in which a reflecting mirror 17 is coated on the inner surface having a diameter of about 20 cm, and the optical duct 10 transmits the light to each room. Then, in order to guide the light traveling straight to each room, a partially reflecting film 17 as shown in FIG. 10 is used.
A mirror attached with a mirror or a method of extracting a part of the incident light by projecting a reflecting mirror into a part of the light duct or a half mirror that reflects only a part of the incident light is used. As for the system efficiency of the present invention, when the distance to each room is set to about 20 m, most of the light collected from the above parallelism calculation result (up to 70%).
Is transmitted within one reflection within the duct 10 and is carried to each room by a mirror, so the light loss in the optical transmission section is about 25%. Of the condensed light, the ratio of the light delivered to each room (system efficiency) can reach about 55%. According to the present invention, sunlight can be collected and transmitted with an efficiency close to 55%, which is higher than the prior art (~ 30%). Furthermore, since the mechanism of the light condensing unit is simple and the optical transmission unit is composed of an optical duct and a mirror, it is extremely inexpensive (1 / 3 to 1/2)
Since it can be manufactured and the control mechanism is simple in principle, it is also advantageous in terms of maintenance and reliability.

Next, FIG. 11 shows the case where a lens is used as an optical element for tracking sunlight. The diameter of the lens 18 for condensing is 1 m
The Fresnel lens of is used. Lens focal length is 0.75m
And A rotary parabolic surface with a focal length of 5 cm is used as the reflecting mirror 18, and the rotation axis in the altitude direction is provided on the axis passing through the focus. The reflecting mirror 2 is supported by a non-rotating shaft 19, the optical axis of the reflecting mirror 2 is directed vertically downward, and the body portion 20 of the condenser has an open portion 21 at its lower end to secure an optical path. Alternatively, the body is made of a transparent material such as acrylic. The pedestal 22, the control power supply 23, the drive motor 24, and the optical transmission system are the same as in FIGS. 6 and 9. In recent years, some Fresnel lenses with considerably high light-collecting efficiency have appeared, and the light-collecting unit shown in FIG. 11 can achieve an efficiency close to 75%, and the cost is almost the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. Conceivable. In the case of the present embodiment, unlike the case of the reflecting mirror, the optical element for tracking the sun does not block the passage of the condensed light, so that there is an effect that the incident light can be effectively used, and this system is close to 55%. Efficiency can be achieved.

Next, FIG. 12 shows a modification of the concentrator of the present invention. The converging light is collimated, and the reflecting mirror 26 for reflecting in a predetermined direction has the same focus position as the reflecting mirror 25 for tracking the sun and the sun. The reflecting mirror 25 for tracking tracks the sun around the focal point. And
The reflecting mirror 26 is fixed by a support 27, the optical axis of the reflecting mirror 26 is directed obliquely downward, and light is introduced into the building through a window 28. According to this modification, the light condensed by the reflecting mirror 25 always passes through the focal point, and the light having good parallelism condensed in the optical axis direction of the reflecting mirror 26 can be generated regardless of the position of the sun. There is an effect that condensed light can be transmitted to points other than the axis. For example, as a system using this modified example, as shown in FIG. 13, light from a large number of light collectors is condensed at one point, and light collected by a single reflection by a conical or polygonal pyramid mirror 29 is collected. It is possible to collectively transmit to one optical duct 30, which is an advantageous system in terms of system cost and efficiency.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is an example in which the sun is tracked in the azimuth direction around the condensing position. In FIG. 14, the rotation center in the azimuth direction is a point on the reflecting mirror. Here is an example: The reflecting mirror 31 and the reflecting mirror 32 rotate in the azimuth direction on the same rotating body 33, and the center of rotation is on a line passing through the reflecting mirror 32. The drive mechanism, control mechanism, and transmission mechanism are the same as in FIG. In this case, although there is no difference in efficiency and cost from the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the incident position of the condensed light on the window 7 hardly moves in tracking in the azimuth direction, and always passes near the center. Therefore, there is an effect that the light duct 34 can be made smaller.

Generally, a spherical mirror is easier to manufacture and less expensive than a parabolic mirror. However, as shown in Fig. 15, the spherical mirror focuses the light incident through the vicinity of the center on the point of 1/2 radius, but the light passing through the point away from the center has a large deviation from the focal position. It has the following characteristics. Therefore,
A light condensing unit using a spherical mirror can be configured by using only a portion where reflected light hardly deviates from the focus position. An embodiment is shown in FIG. In the case of FIG. 16, the diameter of the spherical mirror 35 is 1 m, and a spherical mirror whose cross section can be represented by a curve of Y ² + X ² = 1/2 is used. A curved mirror is also used for the reflecting mirror 36, and a spherical mirror whose cross section can be represented by a curve of Y ² + X ² = 1/200 is used. In this case, the spread of the light angle at the time of reflection by the spherical mirror can be made substantially the same as that of the parabolic mirror, and an almost equivalent mirror can be efficiently constructed. Further, since the cost of the spherical mirror is about several tenths lower than the cost of the parabolic mirror, the system can be constructed at a lower cost. In the above-mentioned embodiment, the concave mirror is used as the reflecting mirror for converting the condensed light into parallel light, but the concave mirror may have the same structure. An embodiment is shown in FIG. The focus of the reflecting mirror 37 that tracks the sun coincides with the focus of the convex reflecting mirror, and the sun is tracked around the focus. Also in this case, the same effect as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained.

The above is the embodiment and the modified example focusing on the light converging portion, but next, the embodiment and the modified example concerning the control and drive mechanism will be described. In the above-mentioned embodiment, the sun altitude is calculated from the date and time by the arithmetic circuit, and the signal of the sun altitude is sent to the drive mechanism to follow the sun, but the same sensor can be used to detect the sun direction. be able to. For example
As shown in Fig. 18, four or more sunlight sensors 39 are installed around the pinhole 42, and a sensor that detects which direction the sun is facing from the output difference is placed on the parabolic surface for sun tracking. Put it on. Then, the drive motor 40 and the drive motor 41 drive the reflecting mirror 43 according to the output difference of the sensor 39.
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, sun tracking can be performed with a simple mechanism, which leads to a reduction in system cost.

Next, FIG. 6 shows an example in which an external power source is used as the power source of the drive mechanism, but the same can be done with a solar cell or battery. An embodiment is shown in FIG. A solar cell panel 45 is installed near the light collecting unit 44, and its output is supplied to the drive motor 47 and the drive motor 48 through the battery 46. This enables stable power supply regardless of the amount of solar radiation. The battery 46 has a capacity of 40 Ahr., And the solar cell panel 45 having a capacity of about 40 w is used. Drive motor 47 and drive motor 48 are rated at 24V DC and 0.5V, respectively.
A, rated DC24V, about 0.2A is used. This makes it possible to construct a light-collecting system that does not require an external power source. According to the present invention, there is an effect that the condensed light can be transmitted even when the external power source is stopped due to a power failure or the like.

Further, FIG. 20 shows an embodiment in which an external power source and a battery are combined. Power from commercial power is converted to 24V DC through converter 49, battery 50 and drive motor 47
And to the drive motor 48. Then, the amount of charge is detected from the voltage value of the battery 50, power is supplied from an external power source, and the battery 50 is kept in a constant charge state. According to the present invention, there is an effect that the condensed light can be transmitted even if the external power supply is stopped.

Next, examples and modifications of the optical transmission unit of the present invention will be described. Although FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of a method of distributing to each room by a half mirror or a reflector, a modification is shown in FIG.
The light sent from the daylighting section 52 is passed through the light duct 53 to the building.
Light fiber 54 at the time of branching into each room
To use. As a result, it is easy to distribute to each room, and the length of the required optical fiber is extremely small (1/3 to 1/4 when transmitting all as optical fiber), so it is easy without increasing the cost. There is an effect that light can be distributed.

In the case of light collection and light transmission using a reflector, the spectrum of light is almost equal to the incident light, but depending on the application it may be better to cut off a specific wavelength such as ultraviolet light, or in plant cultivation etc. In some cases it may be advantageous to increase the light of the absorption wavelength. Therefore, FIG. 22 shows a state of a transmission spectrum when an absorber or a wavelength converter is provided. As the ultraviolet absorber, a plate having an ultraviolet absorbing property such as glass is provided in a part of the light transmission section. As a result, ultraviolet rays are almost eliminated, and problems such as discoloration due to indoor ultraviolet rays do not occur. Further, as shown in FIG. 23, a filter 55 including a wavelength converter such as eosin is installed at the end of the optical transmission part, and if plant cultivation is performed in the room, the short wavelength side with a relatively low absorptivity is compared with the absorptivity. Since it converts to a good long-wavelength, it can be used for nursery cultivation.

Further, depending on the application, there may be a case where the light needs to be adjusted as necessary. Therefore, an example of using the present invention is shown in FIG. Light shield for adjusting light intensity 56
Is installed in the optical duct 57, can be rotated by the motor 58, and the control switch 59 is installed in each room. Also,
FIG. 25 shows a modified example, in which a light shield 60 is attached to the end of the transmission section to adjust the light. Both have the effect of adjusting the amount of light as necessary. FIG. 26 shows an embodiment in which the liquid crystal shutter 61 is used. Since there is no mechanical driving unit, the reliability is high.

As the method of distributing light from the light duct in the embodiment of the present invention, examples of a half mirror, a partially protruding reflecting mirror, an optical fiber, a partially reflecting film-attached mirror, etc. are shown. When changing the light distribution ratio, it is necessary to replace it with a new one or change the mounting position. Therefore, if an optical element that can electrically change the light distribution ratio is used, this optical element 62 is attached to the branch point of the optical duct as shown in FIG. 27, and the user can optimize it according to each application. It becomes possible to perform various distributions. further,
By combining the circuit 63 having a simple calculation function and the sensor 64 for measuring the amount of solar radiation, it becomes possible to calculate the optimal distribution ratio according to the amount of solar radiation at that time and send light to the building. It is thought that the efficiency of solar light utilization will be improved.

〔The invention's effect〕

In the present invention, since the condensing unit is composed of only two mirrors, the condensing unit can achieve a high efficiency of about 80%, which is 30% more than that of the known prior art. In addition, the drive of the light condensing unit in the present invention is only for the two axes of the azimuth direction and the altitude direction. And the reflector that does not track the sun does not need to rotate in the altitude direction. Therefore, if the positioning is accurately performed in the manufacturing stage, the focused light can always be transmitted in the same direction in principle, so that a precise driving mechanism is not required and the mechanism can be a simple and low-cost system. Further, even if the daylighting system tracks the sun, the incident position of the condensed light on the incident window hardly moves, so that the incident window can be made small and the transmission unit can be made small, so that a low cost system can be configured. In addition, the present invention has a configuration in which perfect parallel rays are obtained in principle, and it is the incident sunlight itself that causes the condensed light to deviate from the parallel rays and has a certain width in the traveling direction. Due to the variation of. Therefore, in terms of parallelism, it can take the maximum value of the system using the conventional optical system. In fact, the light emitted from the concentrator has a width of about several degrees, but if it is this wide, it can be transmitted by a mirror or an optical duct, and in the case of a general building, most of the light will be transmitted. The light can be transmitted to a predetermined place with several reflections. Therefore, a system efficiency of nearly 55% can be achieved, which exceeds the efficiency of the conventional technology (about 30%) in the concentrating solar lighting system. In general, when an optical fiber is used, the optical transmission part occupies 30 to 60% of the cost of the system, but since the optical transmission by a mirror or an optical duct is possible, the cost of the optical transmission part is the same as when the optical fiber is used. It is about 10%, which is extremely advantageous in terms of cost. Further, in the present invention, since the sun is completely tracked, the intensity of the condensed light has a constant value in fine weather, which is convenient for utilizing sunlight and is high because the condensed light can be transmitted. It is advantageous in that it can be used for multiple purposes, from applications requiring light intensity to applications requiring less light intensity.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of sun tracking, FIG. 3 is an operation principle diagram of the present invention, FIG. 4 is an operation principle diagram of the present invention, and FIG. Basic configuration diagram, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a calculation result of parallelism, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an embodiment, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of components of the present invention, FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a book. Figure showing an embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 14 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of a spherical mirror, FIG. 16 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 17 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of an optical spectrum, FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 24 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. 1 ... Reflecting mirror, 2 ... Reflecting mirror, 3 ... Post, 4 ... Drive motor, 5 ... Rotation axis, 6 ... Post, 7 ... Window, 8 ...
Frame, 9 ... Driving unit, 10 ... Optical duct, 11 ... Mirror, 12 ...
… Light scatterer, 13 …… pillar, 14 …… Drive motor, 15 …… Control power supply, 16 …… Dome, 17 …… Reflector, 18 …… Lens,
19 …… Non-rotating shaft, 20 …… Body part, 21 …… Open part, 22 ……
Frame, 23 ... Control power supply, 24 ... Drive motor, 25 ... Reflecting mirror, 26 ... Reflecting mirror, 27 ... Post, 28 ... Window, 29 ... Optical parts, 30 ... Optical duct, 31 ... … Reflector, 32 …… Reflector,
33 ... Window, 34 ... Optical duct, 35 ... Spherical mirror, 36 ... Reflecting mirror, 37 ... Reflecting mirror, 38 ... Reflecting mirror, 39 ... Sensor, 40 ...
… Drive motor, 41 …… Drive motor, 42 …… Pinhole,
43 …… Reflector, 44 …… Concentrator, 45 …… Solar cell panel,
46 …… Battery, 47 …… Drive motor, 48 …… Drive motor, 49 …… Converter, 50 …… Battery, 51 …… Building, 52 …… Concentrator, 53 …… Optical duct, 54 …… Optical fiber , 55 ...... Filter, 56 ...... Light shield, 57 ...... Optical duct, 58 ...... Drive motor, 59 ...... Control switch, 60 ...... Light shield, 61 ...... Liquid crystal shutter, 62 ...... Optical component, 63 ... … Circuit, 64… Sensor.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takashi Ikeda 1168 Moriyama-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Hitachi Energy Research Institute Co., Ltd. Energy Research Institute (72) Inventor Goro Aoyama 1168 Moriyama-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hiritsu Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Energy Research Institute (72) Inventor Naohisa Watabiki 1168 Moriyama-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Energy Research Institute, Hitachi

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. A solar lighting system comprising a lighting unit for converting sunlight into parallel rays having a high energy density and a transmission unit for transmitting condensed parallel rays, wherein the lighting unit is a focal point for concentrating sunlight. A condensing part formed of one optical element having a reflection part and a reflecting part composed of one concave mirror having a focal point for converting the condensed light into parallel rays, and the condensing part and the reflecting part have the same focal point. And, two rotation axes for tracking the sun are provided in the daylighting section, and one of them is provided on the line passing through the matched focal points as the rotation axis in the altitude direction of the light collecting section.
The sunlight collecting system, wherein an entrance of the transmission section is provided at a position where parallel rays from the concave mirror are incident at a right angle, and the concave mirror is fixed with respect to rotation in an altitude direction. 2. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the remaining one of the two rotary shafts and the center of the entrance of the transmission part are located, and the concave mirror is located on the center line. A solar lighting system. 3. The claim 1, wherein the remaining one of the two rotation axes is the rotation axis of an integrated body composed of a condenser and a reflector, and this axis is on a line parallel to the optical axis of the reflector. A solar lighting system characterized by being installed in. 4. A solar lighting system according to claim 1, wherein the remaining one of the two rotation axes is the rotation axis of the light condensing unit, and this axis is provided on a line passing through the focal point. . 5. The sun according to claim 1, characterized in that the daylighting section is composed of one curved mirror for concentrating sunlight and one concave mirror for converging the condensed light into parallel light. Light lighting system. 6. The sunlight according to claim 1, wherein the light collecting portion is composed of one lens for collecting the sunlight and one concave mirror for converting the collected light into parallel light. Daylighting system. 7. The sunlight according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, of the two rotating shafts, the rotating shaft of an integrated body composed of a condensing portion and a reflecting portion is vertical. Daylighting system. 8. The non-rotating shaft coaxial with the rotating shaft of the condensing unit is provided among the two rotating shafts, and the reflecting unit is fixed and supported on the rotating shaft. A solar lighting system characterized by the above. 9. A solar lighting system according to claim 4, wherein the reflecting portion is fixed. 10. A solar lighting system according to claim 1, wherein a commercial power source is used as a driving power source for the daylighting section. 11. A solar lighting system according to claim 1, which has a battery as a driving power source for the lighting unit. 12. The solar lighting system according to claim 1, wherein the solar power lighting system has both a solar cell and a battery as a driving power source for the lighting unit. 13. The device according to claim 1, further comprising means for optically transmitting the light sent from the daylighting section by any one of an optical fiber, an optical duct, a mirror, or a combination thereof. Solar lighting system. 14. The solar lighting system according to claim 13, further comprising a reflector for extracting and distributing a part of the light transmitted to the interior of the building. 15. The sunlight collecting system according to claim 13, further comprising a scatterer for uniformly irradiating the room with the transmitted light. 16. A solar light collecting system according to claim 13, further comprising an absorber or a wavelength converter for converting the transmitted light into an optical spectrum suitable for a predetermined use. 17. A solar lighting system according to claim 13, further comprising an optical component for adjusting the quantity of transmitted light. 18. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein a plurality of light collecting portions are provided, and an optical component for collecting the light from the plurality of light collecting portions into one is provided before the means for optically transmitting. A characteristic solar lighting system.