JPH0796408A - Tool holder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a tool holder with which high centripetal property and rigidity can be obtained at the time of fitting a tool holding member and attaching/detaching operation can be conducted easily and rapidly by one hand. CONSTITUTION:This holder is provided with a shank 2 fitted to a machine main spindle and a tool holding member 4 having a fitting shaft part 5 thereto. A main holder 1 is provided with a drive pin 11 for conducting clamping operation of the tool holding member 4 and torque transmission. A pair of engaging recessed parts 18, 18 opened toward a side face 6a are provided in the outer peripheral part of a flange part 6 of the tool holding member 4. A turning-stop collar 8 is protrudingly provided with a pair of protruding parts 21, 21 engaged with the engaging recessed parts 18, 18, and energized to an opening end face side of the main holder 1 by a pressing spring 29. A detacahble collar 9 is provided with a pair of cutout parts 30, 30 conformed to engaging recessed parts 18, 18 and engaged with the protruding parts 21, 21 of the turning-stop collar 8, and formed with an inclined cam 31 extending in the peripheral direction continuous the cutout part 30.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a so-called quick change type tool holder capable of rapidly attaching and detaching a tool holding member having a cutting tool attached thereto.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this kind of quick change type tool holder has a cutting tool in a taper hole provided in a main holder as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 54-41432 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-18356. The taper fitting portion of the tool holding member to which is attached is inserted and the lock element such as a steel ball is pressed by the lock collar fitted to the main holder so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and the tool holding member is attached to the main holder. It is designed to be locked in the holder.

[0003]

However, in the tool holder having the above-mentioned structure, it is difficult to accurately align the axes of the taper hole of the main holder and the taper fitting portion of the tool holding member with each other. The tool holding member was slanted in either direction and was inserted into the taper hole of the main holder. Therefore, it was difficult to perform high-precision machining, and rattling was likely to occur, so that the rigidity could not be increased so much. Further, since the tool is changed by sliding the lock collar against the spring in the axial direction of the main holder, one hand supports the tool holding member while the other hand holds the lock collar. Since it had to be slid, there was also a problem in terms of operability.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to provide a tool holder which can obtain a high centripetal property and rigidity and which allows a tool holding member to be quickly attached and detached by a simple operation with one hand. .

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is attached to and detached from a main holder attached to a machine spindle or a fitting insertion hole provided at an end portion of a spindle nose of a dedicated machine, a multi-axis machine or the like. A tool holder provided with a tool holding member having a fitting shaft portion that can be freely inserted and inserted, wherein the fitting insertion hole is a straight hole, and an opening has a taper hole portion that expands outwardly. The holding member has a straight shaft portion in which the fitting shaft portion matches a straight hole of the fitting insertion hole, and a taper shaft portion matching in the taper hole portion, and a distal end outer peripheral surface of the straight shaft portion. A guide groove that extends in the axial direction and a clamp groove that is continuous with the guide groove and extends in the circumferential direction with a small lead angle are provided on the other hand, and a side surface that is in contact with the opening end surface of the main holder near the tapered portion is provided. Is provided with a flange portion An engaging recess is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the flange portion, and a drive pin protruding from the inner wall surface of the straight hole and engaging with the guide groove and the clamp groove is provided on the main holder or the spindle nose. When the tool holding member inserted into the fitting insertion hole is rotated in the mounting direction in which the drive pin moves from the guide groove to the clamp groove, the tool holding member is fitted by the drive pin. When the drive pin is pulled into the insertion hole and clamped, and conversely, the drive pin is rotated in the removal direction in which the drive pin moves from the clamp groove to the guide groove, the clamping action by the drive pin is released. Further, it is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the main holder or the spindle nose so as to be slidable in the axial direction via a key, and the main hoses are mounted by spring means. A locking collar that is biased toward the opening end face of the da, and a protrusion provided at the front end of the locking collar engages with the engaging recess when the tool holding member is rotated in the mounting direction. And the tool holding member is coupled to the main holder or the spindle nose in a non-rotating state via the anti-rotation collar, and further, the outer peripheral portion of the flange portion of the tool holding member. Has a detachable collar that is rotatably fitted within a certain range in the removal direction and is urged to return to a fixed position by spring means, and the detachable collar is in the fixed position. At this time, a tilted cam that is aligned with the engaging recess of the tool holding member and that engages with the protrusion of the main holder or the spindle nose and that extends in the circumferential direction continuously to the notch. Surface provided When rotating in the removing direction, the inclined cam surface presses the protrusion to separate the detent collar from the tool holding member, and then the tool holding member is removed in the removing direction. The drive pin is moved to the guide groove from the clamp groove, and the tool holding member can be pulled out.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the drive pin is formed as a tapered conical taper pin, and is biased toward the shaft center of the main holder by spring means.
The clamp groove is formed as a taper groove with which the drive pin closely contacts.

[0007]

With the above construction, the detachable collar is grasped with one hand, the fitting shaft portion of the tool holding member is inserted into the fitting insertion hole of the main holder or the spindle nose, and is rotated by a predetermined angle in the mounting direction. The drive holding pin pulls the tool holding member into the fitting insertion hole and clamps it. In the clamped state, the tapered portion of the fitting shaft portion is in close contact with the tapered hole portion of the fitting insertion hole, and the side surface of the flange portion is in close contact with the opening end surface of the main holder,
The tool holding member and the main holder are coaxially fixed. Further, the protrusion of the detent collar engages with the engaging recess, and the tool holding member is coupled to the main holder in a detent state via the detent collar. On the other hand, when the detachable collar is rotated in the detaching direction from the clamped state, first, the detent collar is slid in the axial direction by the inclined cam surface to detach from the tool holding member,
Then, the tool holding member rotates together with the detachable collar, the clamping action of the drive pin is released, and the tool holding member can be pulled out from the fitting insertion hole.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a tool holder according to the present invention, which has a shank 2 for fitting with a main shaft of a machine tool at one end and a fitting hole 3 at the other end. It has a main holder 1 and a fitting shaft portion 5 which is detachably fitted into the fitting insertion hole 3, and a flange portion 6 having a large diameter and a mounting screw portion 7 are continuously provided at an end portion of the fitting shaft portion 5. Tool holding member 4 and main holder 1
Of the detent collar 8 axially slidably fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion provided with the fitting insertion hole 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 6 of the tool holding member 4 within a certain range. It consists of a removable collar 9 which is rotatably fitted. And
The collet 10 for mounting the tool T is attached to the attachment screw portion 7.

Most of the fitting hole 3 of the main holder 1 is a straight hole 3a, and an outer tapered hole 3b is provided in the opening. Further, the main holder 1 is provided with a drive pin 11 which projects from the inner wall surface of the straight hole 3a of the fitting insertion hole 3 and engages with the tool holding member 4 to perform clamping action and torque transmission as described later. The drive pin 11
Is a tapered conical trapezoidal pin, and a cylindrical body 12 for accommodating a push spring 13 is continuously provided at the rear end thereof. A pair of mountings are provided on the body of the main holder 1 so as to face each other in the diametrical direction. The cylindrical body 12 is inserted into the hole 14 (only one of which is shown in the drawing), the drive pin 11 is projected into the fitting insertion hole 3 through the small diameter hole 14a provided inside the mounting hole 14, and the pressing spring 13 is also inserted. Is urged toward the axis of the main holder 1. The cylindrical body 12 and the pressing spring 13 are prevented from coming off by a retaining ring 15 fitted to the outer peripheral portion of the main holder 1.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the tool holding member 4 has a straight shaft portion 5a in which the fitting shaft portion 5 is fitted and fitted in the straight hole 3a of the fitting insertion hole 3.
The straight shaft portion 5a has a tapered shaft portion 5b that fits into the tapered hole portion 3b. The guide groove 16 extends in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the distal end portion of the straight shaft portion 5a, and the flange portion is continuous with the inner end of the guide groove 16. A clamp groove 17 extending in the circumferential direction with a slight lead angle toward the 6 side is provided. The guide groove 16 has a width slightly larger than the outer diameter of the drive pin 10, and is formed in a funnel shape having a guide wall surface 16a that expands outward toward the tip, and facilitates engagement with the drive pin 11. . On the other hand, the clamp groove 17 is formed as a taper groove having an inclined wall surface 17a that is closely engaged with the taper portion of the drive pin 11. Guide groove 16 and clamp groove 17
Corresponds to the drive pin 11, as shown in FIG.
The straight shaft portion 5a is provided so as to face the diameter direction of the straight shaft portion 5a. Further, on the outer peripheral portion of the flange portion 6 of the tool holding member 4, there are provided a pair of engaging concave portions 18 and 18 positioned on the extension lines of the guide grooves 16 and 16 and opening to the side surface 6a, and one engaging portion extending in the circumferential direction. The groove 19 is provided (FIG. 4).
reference). Further, an annular locking groove 20 is provided along the outer peripheral edge of the flange portion 6.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the detent collar 8 has engagement recesses 18, 18 of the tool holding member 4 on the front end face thereof.
A pair of projecting portions 21 and 21 that engage with are projectingly provided, a spring accommodating step portion 22 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion, and a key groove 23 and a pin hole 24 are further provided. As shown in FIG. 1, the anti-rotation collar 8 is axially slidably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the front end portion of the main holder 1 via a key 25, and a pin 26 inserted into the pin hole 24.
Is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the main holder 1 and extends in the axial direction.
And is slidable in the axial direction within a range regulated by the long groove 27, and accommodated between the step portion 28 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the main holder 1 and the spring accommodating step portion 22. The pushing spring 29 urges the main holder 1 toward the open end face.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, the attaching / detaching collar 9 is aligned with the engaging concave portions 18, 18 of the tool holding member 4 on the opening end face of the main holder 1 and the end face facing the anti-rotation collar 8. A pair of notches 30, 30 are provided which engage the protrusions 21, 21 of the stop collar 8. The notch 30
Is a side wall 30 that engages with the protrusion 21 of the detent collar 8 and prevents the outer periphery of the flange 6 from rotating in any direction.
Although it has a and 30b, one side wall 30b is cut away leaving a part, and an inclined cam surface 31 that extends in the circumferential direction is formed continuously with the cutout portion 30. Also, removable collar 9
A spring accommodating step portion 32 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the spring accommodating portion 32, and a spring locking hole 33 extending parallel to the axis is provided in the inner back wall of the spring accommodating portion 32. Further, a pin hole 34 is provided from the outer peripheral surface toward the center.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the detachable collar 9 is rotatably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 6 of the tool holding member 4 and has a locking pin 35 inserted into the pin hole 34. The spring 36 of the spring 36 accommodated in the spring accommodating step portion 32 is engaged with the engaging groove 19 of the flange portion 6 and is rotatable in the removal direction within the range regulated by the engaging groove 19. One end 36a is inserted and locked in the locking hole 33 of the removable collar 9 and the other end 36b is inserted and locked in the locking hole 37 provided in the flange portion 6, and the spring 36 causes the solid line in FIG. As shown by, the locking pin 35 is urged to return to a fixed position (clamp position) where it is locked to the one end 19a of the engagement groove 19. When the detachable collar 9 is in the fixed position (clamping position), the notch 30 is aligned with the engaging recess 18 of the flange 6, and as will be described later, the detent collar 8 projects in this aligned state. The portion 21 engages with the engaging recess 18 and the notch 30 to maintain the clamp position. The detachable collar 9 is rotatable in the detaching direction with respect to the flange portion 6 until the engaging pin 35 comes into contact with the other end 19b of the engaging groove 19 as shown by the phantom line in FIG. After that, the detachable collar 9 and the flange portion 6 and thus the tool holding member 4 rotate together in the removing direction. In addition,
The removable collar 9 is prevented from moving in the axial direction by a retaining ring 38 fitted in the annular groove 20 of the flange portion 6.

Next, the operation of attaching and detaching the tool holding member 4 of the tool holder constructed as described above will be described with reference to FIG.

1 and 10 (a) show a mounting state in which the fitting shaft portion 5 is inserted into the fitting insertion hole 3 and rotated by a certain angle in the mounting direction to clamp the tool holding member 4 on the main holder 1. Is shown. In this mounted state, the drive pin 11 is engaged with the fitting shaft portion 5
Engages with the end of the clamp groove 17 and the tool holding member 4 is pulled into the fitting insertion hole 3 by the clamping action,
b is in close contact with the tapered hole 3b, and the side surface 6a of the flange 6 is in close contact with the opening end surface of the main holder 1 2
Due to the surface restraint, high centripetality and rigidity are obtained, and the main holder 1 and the tool holding member 4 are coaxially fixed. At this time, since the protruding portion 21 of the detent collar 8 is engaged with the engaging recessed portion 18 of the flange portion 6, the tool holding member 4 is removed in the removing direction as in the case of returning the tap by tapping work, for example. Even if a load to rotate the tool is applied, the detent collar 8 reliably prevents the tool holding member 4 from rotating in the removal direction, and the tool holding member 4 accidentally drops from the main holder 1. There is no fear.

In order to pull out the tool holding member 4 in the mounted state from the main holder 1 and attach / detach it for replacement, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (b) and FIG. 10 (c), the detachable collar 9 is gripped with one hand and rotated in the removal direction indicated by arrow a. With the rotation of the detachable collar 9, first, the inclined cam surface 31 pushes the protruding portion 21 in the axial direction, and the anti-rotation collar 8 is retracted to the shank 2 side of the main holder 1 against the spring 29. As shown in FIG. 10 (c), the protrusion 2 is formed on the end surface of the detachable collar 9.
When the attachment / detachment collar 9 is rotated in the direction of removal of arrow a until 1 rides up, the detent collar 8 moves to the retracted position and the protrusion 21 is completely disengaged from the engagement recess 18 of the flange portion 6. , The tool holding member 4 rotates together with the attachment / detachment collar 9 in the removing direction, the clamping action of the drive pin 11 is released, and the drive pin 11 is clamped by the clamping groove 1.
7 to the guide groove 16. At this time, the drive pin 11 is moved by the reaction force of the clamping force so that the inclined wall surface 1 of the clamping groove 17 is
7a is closely contacted with 7a and a large resistance force is generated.
Relaxed by escaping radially outward against 3
The rotating operation of the detachable collar 9 is easily performed with a relatively small force. As a result, the tool holding member 4 can be pulled out from the fitting insertion hole 3. In this state, the tool holding member 4 is pulled in the axial direction to be pulled out from the main holder 1 and replaced with the next tool holding member 4.

In the above embodiment, the main holder 1 attached to the machine spindle is provided with the fitting hole 3 for the tool holding member 4, but in the case of a dedicated machine or a multi-spindle machine, the end of the spindle nose thereof is provided. Alternatively, the tool holding member 4 may be directly attached to the spindle nose so that the tool holding member 4 can be detachably fitted.

[0019]

As described above, the tool holder of the present invention has high centripetality and rigidity when the tool holding member is mounted, and can be used for heavy cutting. Moreover, the tool holding member can be quickly attached and detached and replaced by a simple turning operation with one hand.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of a main part of a tool holder according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a tool holding member of the tool holder.

FIG. 3 is an end view of a tool holding member.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG.

5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG.

FIG. 6A is a front view of a detent collar, and FIG. 6B is an end view of the same.

FIG. 7A is an end view of the removable collar, and FIG. 7B is a front view of the same.

8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which a spring is attached to a removable collar.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of an operation for removing the tool holding member of the tool holder from the main holder, in which (a) is a clamped state,
(B) shows a state in the middle of unclamping, and (c) shows a state of unclamping.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Main Holder 2 Shank 3 Fitting Insertion Hole 3a Straight Hole 3b Tapered Hole Part 4 Tool Holding Member 5 Fitting Shaft Part 5a Straight Shaft Part 5b Tapered Shaft Part 6 Flange Part 7 Mounting Screw Part 8 Non-rotating Collar 9 Detachable Collar 10 Collet 11 Drive pin 13 Push spring 16 Guide groove 17 Clamp groove 17a Inclined wall surface 18 Engagement concave portion 21 Projection portion 29 Spring 30 Notch portion 31 Inclined cam surface 36 Spring

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A tool holder having a fitting shaft portion that is detachably fitted into a fitting insertion hole provided at an end portion of a spindle holder such as a main holder attached to a machine spindle or a dedicated machine or a multi-axis machine. In the tool holder, the fitting insertion hole is a straight hole, and an outwardly tapered hole is provided in the opening, and the tool holding member has the fitting shaft portion of the fitting insertion hole. A straight shaft portion that matches the straight hole and a taper shaft portion that matches the taper hole portion, and a guide groove that extends in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the straight shaft portion, and a slight amount that is continuous with the guide groove. And a clamp groove extending in the circumferential direction with a large lead angle, a flange portion having a side surface that is in contact with the opening end surface of the main holder is provided in the vicinity of the tapered portion, and the outer peripheral portion of the flange portion is engaged with the flange portion. There is a mating recess The main holder or the spindle nose is provided with a drive pin that projects from the inner wall surface of the straight hole and engages with the guide groove and the clamp groove. When the drive pin is rotated in the mounting direction in which it moves from the guide groove to the clamp groove, the tool holding member is pulled into the fitting insertion hole by the drive pin and clamped, and conversely, the drive pin is The clamp action by the drive pin is released by rotating the clamp pin in the removing direction moving from the clamp groove to the guide groove. Also, a key is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the main holder or the spindle nose via a key. Has a detent collar that is slidably fitted in the axial direction and is urged toward the opening end face side of the main holder by spring means. The protrusion provided at the front end of the detent collar engages with the engagement recess when the tool holding member is rotated in the mounting direction, and the tool retaining member is disengaged via the detent collar. It is coupled to the main holder or the spindle nose in a non-rotating state, and is further fitted to the outer peripheral portion of the flange portion of the tool holding member so as to be rotatable within the predetermined range in the removal direction. And a biasing collar that is biased to return to a fixed position by spring means, the removable collar being aligned with the engagement recess of the tool holding member when in the fixed position, A cutout portion that engages with the holder or the protruding portion of the spindle nose is provided, and an inclined cam surface that extends continuously in the circumferential direction is provided in the cutout portion and is rotated in the removal direction. When the tilt After the protrusion is pressed by the cam surface to separate the detent collar from the tool holding member, the tool holding member is rotated in the removing direction so that the drive pin moves from the clamp groove to the guide groove. A tool holder, characterized in that it is moved so that the tool holding member can be pulled out. 2. The drive pin is formed as a tapered conical taper pin and is biased by a spring means toward the axial center of the main holder, and the clamp groove is in close contact with the drive pin. The tool holder according to claim 1, which is formed on the. 3. The tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the drive pin and the guide groove and the clamp groove are provided to face each other in a diametrical direction. 4. The tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the engagement recess, the protrusion, the notch, and the inclined cam surface are provided in pairs in a diametrically opposed manner.