JPH0791433B2 - Electric field responsive fluid - Google Patents
Electric field responsive fluidInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0791433B2 JPH0791433B2 JP17538286A JP17538286A JPH0791433B2 JP H0791433 B2 JPH0791433 B2 JP H0791433B2 JP 17538286 A JP17538286 A JP 17538286A JP 17538286 A JP17538286 A JP 17538286A JP H0791433 B2 JPH0791433 B2 JP H0791433B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electric field
- field responsive
- copolymer
- responsive fluid
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/001—Electrorheological fluids; smart fluids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、電場応答（Electro Rheological）流体に関
する。更に詳しくは、アクリル系共重合体をオイル中に
分散せしめた電場応答流体に関する。Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an Electro Rheological fluid. More specifically, it relates to an electric field responsive fluid in which an acrylic copolymer is dispersed in oil.
電場応答流体は、通常は液体状態で流動性を示すが、こ
れに高電圧を印加すると、著しく粘度が増加したりある
いは固化する機能を有している。The electric field responsive fluid normally shows fluidity in a liquid state, but when a high voltage is applied to the fluid, it has a function of significantly increasing viscosity or solidifying.
このように、ある流体が電界に応答してせん断力を増加
させる粘性流体としては、例えば特殊な高分子溶液に電
場する印加する方法あるいはウィンズロ効果を利用して
粒径200μ程度のイオン交換樹脂をオイル中に分散させ
たもの（特公昭52−30274号公報）などが提案されてい
る。In this way, as a viscous fluid in which a certain fluid increases the shearing force in response to an electric field, for example, an ion-exchange resin having a particle diameter of about 200 μ is applied by applying an electric field to a special polymer solution or the Winsro effect. Those dispersed in oil (Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-30274) are proposed.
しかしながら、前者の方法は、その粘度増加の程度が非
常に小さく、これを利用してある機能を持たせる迄には
至っていない。また、後者は、電界に応じて粘度はかな
り増加するものの、イオン交換樹脂の粒子径が大きいた
め静置するとイオン交換樹脂が沈降してしまうなどの問
題がみられる。However, in the former method, the degree of increase in viscosity is very small, and it has not been possible to use this to give a certain function. Further, in the latter, although the viscosity is considerably increased depending on the electric field, there is a problem that the ion-exchange resin settles when left standing because the particle diameter of the ion-exchange resin is large.
更に、粒径10μのポリメタクリル酸微粒子に水を吸着さ
せたものを、比重1.47の合成油中に固型分濃度が40容量
％になるように分散させたものなども提案されているが
（Automotive Engineering 1983年11月号）、それの製
造法などの詳細については述べられていない。これにつ
いては、比重1.47という合成油を得ることが簡単ではな
いと考えられる。Further, there has been proposed a product in which water is adsorbed to fine particles of polymethacrylic acid having a particle size of 10μ and dispersed in synthetic oil having a specific gravity of 1.47 so that the solid content concentration is 40% by volume ( Automotive Engineering (November 1983), the details of its manufacturing method are not mentioned. In this regard, it is not easy to obtain a synthetic oil with a specific gravity of 1.47.
かかる現状に鑑み、本発明者らは、高性能な電場応答流
体をアクリル系重合体を用いて製造することを考え、種
々検討した結果、２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロ
パンスルホン酸共重合体を用いることにより、かたる課
題が効果的に解決されることを見出した。In view of the present situation, the present inventors considered producing a high-performance electric field responsive fluid by using an acrylic polymer, and as a result of various studies, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolymer was obtained. It has been found that by using it, the hard problem can be effectively solved.
従って、本発明は電場応答流体に係り、この電場応答流
体は、２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホ
ン酸および他のアクリル系モノマーの共重合体の微粉末
をオイル中に分散せしめてなる。Therefore, the present invention relates to an electric field responsive fluid, which is a fine powder of a copolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and another acrylic monomer dispersed in oil.
アクリル系共重合体の主要成分を形成する２−アクリル
アミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸（以下、AMPSと
略称） CH2＝CHCONHC（CH3）2CH2SO3H は、米国ルブリゾル社の製品として入手できる。2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (hereinafter abbreviated as AMPS) CH 2 = CHCONHC (CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 SO 3 H, which forms the main component of the acrylic copolymer, is a product of Lubrizol Co. Available.
このAMPSは、アクリル系モノマーと共重合させて用いら
れる。アクリル系モノマーは共重合させ易く、また得ら
れる共重合体の比重はAMPSの単独重合体の比重よりも小
さく、更にAMPSと共重合した共重合体は、水に溶解し難
くなり、水を吸ってもゲル状態を保ち易くなる。This AMPS is used by being copolymerized with an acrylic monomer. Acrylic monomers are easy to copolymerize, and the specific gravity of the obtained copolymer is smaller than that of the homopolymer of AMPS.Furthermore, the copolymer copolymerized with AMPS becomes difficult to dissolve in water and absorbs water. However, it becomes easy to maintain the gel state.
かかるアクリル系モノマーとしては、例えばアクリルア
ミド、アクリル酸エステル、メタクリル酸エステル、ア
クリロニトリルなどが用いられ、この他スチレンなども
共重合させることができるが、好ましくはアクリルアミ
ドが用いられる。As such an acrylic monomer, for example, acrylamide, acrylic acid ester, methacrylic acid ester, acrylonitrile or the like is used, and styrene or the like can be copolymerized, but acrylamide is preferably used.
AMPSとアクリルアミドなどのアクリル系モノマーとは、
一般にモル比で約20〜2:1、好ましくは約10〜4:1の割合
で共重合せしめる。両者の共重合割合はこの範囲内で種
々変化させたり、あるいはアクリル系モノマーの種類を
変えることにより、得られる共重合体の比重をコントロ
ールすることができる。AMPS and acrylic monomers such as acrylamide
Generally, it is copolymerized in a molar ratio of about 20-2: 1, preferably about 10-4: 1. The specific gravity of the resulting copolymer can be controlled by varying the copolymerization ratio of the two within this range or by changing the type of the acrylic monomer.
共重合反応は、AMPSをアリカリ金属水酸化物水溶液を用
いてアリカリ金属塩とした後、その水溶液にアクリル系
モノマー、界面活性剤、ラジカル重合開始剤などを添加
し、更にベンゼンなどを加えて、加熱条件下で撹拌する
ことにより行われる。生成した共重合体は、水を共沸に
より留去するとベンゼン層より現われ、これを約60〜80
℃で乾燥させた後更に200℃前後に加熱すると発泡体と
して取得されるので、これをボールミルなどで粉砕し
て、粒径約0.5〜10μの微粉体として使用する。The copolymerization reaction is carried out by converting AMPS into an alkaline metal salt using an alkaline metal hydroxide aqueous solution, and then adding an acrylic monomer, a surfactant, a radical polymerization initiator and the like to the aqueous solution, and further adding benzene and the like, It is performed by stirring under heating conditions. The produced copolymer appears from the benzene layer when water is distilled off by azeotropic distillation.
Since it is obtained as a foam when dried at 200C and further heated to about 200C, it is pulverized with a ball mill or the like and used as a fine powder having a particle size of about 0.5 to 10 µ.
この共重合体の微粉体は、水と相溶性のない市販の任意
のオイル、例えばジエステル系オイル中に固型分濃度が
一般に約30〜40重量％となるように分散させ、粘性流体
化させる。この際、分散性の点から、共重合体の比重に
対し±15％以内の比重を有するオイルを使用することが
望まれ、好ましくはほぼ同じ比重のオイルが用いられ
る。This copolymer fine powder is dispersed in any commercially available oil that is incompatible with water, for example, a diester-based oil so that the solid content concentration is generally about 30 to 40% by weight to make it a viscous fluid. . At this time, from the viewpoint of dispersibility, it is desirable to use an oil having a specific gravity within ± 15% with respect to the specific gravity of the copolymer, and preferably an oil having substantially the same specific gravity is used.
本発明に係わる電場応答流体は、そこに電場を印加する
と印加される電場の大きさに応じて粘度を増加させる。
しかも、用いられる共重合体の比重をコントロールする
ことができるので、それに応じた比重を有するオイルを
市販品の中から選択して用いることができる。The electric field responsive fluid according to the present invention, when an electric field is applied thereto, increases the viscosity according to the magnitude of the applied electric field.
Moreover, since the specific gravity of the copolymer used can be controlled, an oil having a specific gravity corresponding thereto can be selected and used from commercial products.
次に、実施例について本発明を説明する。 Next, the present invention will be described with reference to examples.
実施例１ 蒸溜水184.4gに水酸化ナトリウム34.9gを溶解させた水
溶液を窒素ガスでバブリングして脱酸素した後、水溶液
温度を25〜40℃に保ちつつ撹拌しながら、AMPS粉末をpH
が９になる迄徐々に加え（180.8g添加）、50重量％のAM
PSナトリウム塩水溶液を調製した。Example 1 After bubbling an aqueous solution prepared by dissolving 34.9 g of sodium hydroxide in 184.4 g of distilled water with nitrogen gas to remove oxygen, the pH of the AMPS powder was maintained while stirring while keeping the aqueous solution temperature at 25 to 40 ° C.
Gradually added until 18 was reached (180.8g added), 50 wt% AM
An aqueous solution of PS sodium salt was prepared.
このAMPSナトリウム塩水溶液90gに蒸溜水30gを加え、窒
素ガスでこの水溶液をパージした後、アクリルアミド5g
およびラウリル硫酸ナトリウム0.75gを加え、更にピロ
亜硫酸ナトリウム1.5mg、過硫酸アンモニウム3mgおよび
窒素ガスパージベンゼン500gを順次添加し、溶液温度を
50℃に昇温させ、3.5時間撹拌を継続した。Distilled water 30 g was added to this AMPS sodium salt aqueous solution 90 g, and this solution was purged with nitrogen gas, and then acrylamide 5 g
And 0.75 g of sodium lauryl sulphate, 1.5 mg of sodium pyrosulfite, 3 mg of ammonium persulfate and 500 g of nitrogen gas purged benzene are sequentially added to adjust the solution temperature.
The temperature was raised to 50 ° C. and stirring was continued for 3.5 hours.
その後、共沸により水を蒸発させると、ベンゼン溶液中
に寒天状の共重合体が現れる。ベンゼンをデカンテーシ
ョンした後、常圧、60〜80℃、72時間の条件下で乾燥さ
せ、更に常圧、200℃、５時間の条件下で加熱すること
により、共重合体の発泡体を得た。Then, when water is evaporated by azeotropic distillation, an agar-like copolymer appears in the benzene solution. After decanting benzene, it was dried under normal pressure at 60 to 80 ° C for 72 hours, and further heated at normal pressure at 200 ° C for 5 hours to obtain a copolymer foam. It was
この共重合体発泡体をボールミルで紛砕し、粒径約0.5
〜10μのある程度含水している微粉体（比重1.1〜1.2）
とし、この微粉体20gにエステル系オイル（花王製品ト
リメックスＴ−10;可塑剤、比重約0.97）30gを加えて撹
拌混合し、固型分濃度40重量％の粘性流体を得た。この
粘性流体は、数日間放置すると、最上部が透き通ってく
る程度の速さで沈降する。This copolymer foam was pulverized with a ball mill to give a particle size of about 0.5.
Fine powder with water content of ~ 10μ (specific gravity 1.1-1.2)
Then, 30 g of an ester oil (Trimex T-10, a Kao product, plasticizer, specific gravity of about 0.97) was added to 20 g of this fine powder, and the mixture was stirred and mixed to obtain a viscous fluid having a solid content concentration of 40% by weight. When left for several days, this viscous fluid settles at a speed such that the uppermost part becomes transparent.
この粘性流体をビーカに入れ、直流電源に接続された１
対の電極板を5mmまたは10mmの電極板間隔で粘性流体中
で浸漬し、電極間に直流電圧をかけて流体中から持ち上
げる操作を行って、電場応答流体としての評価を行っ
た。Put this viscous fluid in a beaker and connect it to the DC power supply.
The pair of electrode plates were immersed in a viscous fluid at an interval of 5 mm or 10 mm, and a DC voltage was applied between the electrodes to lift them out of the fluid and evaluated as an electric field responsive fluid.
実施例２ 実施例１において、エステル系オイルの使用量を45gと
し、固型分濃度30.8重量％の粘性流体を得て、これにつ
いて同様の電場応答流体としての評価を行った。Example 2 In Example 1, the amount of the ester-based oil used was 45 g, and a viscous fluid having a solid content concentration of 30.8 wt% was obtained, and this was evaluated as a similar electric field responsive fluid.
比較例 メタクリル酸100gおよび過硫酸カリウム2gを蒸溜水１
中に溶解させた水溶液を窒素ガス気流下に撹拌しなが
ら、90〜100℃に３時間加熱して重合反応を行った。Comparative Example 100 g of methacrylic acid and 2 g of potassium persulfate were distilled water 1
The aqueous solution dissolved therein was heated at 90 to 100 ° C. for 3 hours while stirring under a nitrogen gas stream to carry out a polymerization reaction.
反応混合物を50℃迄放冷すると、ゼリー状に沈澱した重
合体が得られ、これを分離後減圧条件下に80℃で１時間
乾燥させ、次いで機械的に粉砕して粒径１〜10μの微粉
体（比重1.47に近いものと考えられる）を得た。The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to 50 ° C to obtain a jelly-precipitated polymer, which was separated, dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C for 1 hour, and then mechanically ground to a particle size of 1-10μ. A fine powder (probably close to a specific gravity of 1.47) was obtained.
此の微粉体を、ジエステル系合成油〔比重▲ｄ15 4▼1.0
23、動粘度27.8センチストークス（40℃）、流動点−4
7.5℃〕中に固型分濃度が40重量％になるように分散さ
せ、得られた粘性流体（数十分間で沈降がみられる）に
ついて実施例１と同様の電場応答流体としての評価を行
った。This fine powder was used as a diester synthetic oil [specific gravity ▲ d 15 4 ▼ 1.0
23, kinematic viscosity 27.8 centistokes (40 ℃), pour point -4
7.5 ° C.] so that the solid content concentration was 40% by weight, and the obtained viscous fluid (settling was observed for several tens of minutes) was evaluated as an electric field responsive fluid similar to Example 1. went.
以上の各実施例および比較例で得られた、電極板間隔5m
mおよび10mmについての結果は、次の表に示される。Obtained in each of the above examples and comparative examples, the electrode plate spacing 5m
The results for m and 10 mm are shown in the table below.
Claims (2)
ンスルホン酸および他のアクリル系モノマーの共重合体
の微粉末をオイル中に分散せしめてなる電場応答流体。1. An electric field responsive fluid comprising fine powder of a copolymer of 1.2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and other acrylic monomers dispersed in oil.
である特許請求の範囲第１項記載の電場応答流体。2. The electric field responsive fluid according to claim 1, wherein the other acrylic monomer is acrylamide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17538286A JPH0791433B2 (en) | 1986-07-25 | 1986-07-25 | Electric field responsive fluid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17538286A JPH0791433B2 (en) | 1986-07-25 | 1986-07-25 | Electric field responsive fluid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6333459A JPS6333459A (en) | 1988-02-13 |
| JPH0791433B2 true JPH0791433B2 (en) | 1995-10-04 |
Family
ID=15995129
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17538286A Expired - Fee Related JPH0791433B2 (en) | 1986-07-25 | 1986-07-25 | Electric field responsive fluid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0791433B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4994198A (en) * | 1990-01-29 | 1991-02-19 | Dow Corning Corporation | Electrorheological fluids based on silicone ionomer particles |
-
1986
- 1986-07-25 JP JP17538286A patent/JPH0791433B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6333459A (en) | 1988-02-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |