JP3658032B2 - Method for producing sodium polyacrylate - Google Patents
Method for producing sodium polyacrylate Download PDFInfo
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- JP3658032B2 JP3658032B2 JP04385595A JP4385595A JP3658032B2 JP 3658032 B2 JP3658032 B2 JP 3658032B2 JP 04385595 A JP04385595 A JP 04385595A JP 4385595 A JP4385595 A JP 4385595A JP 3658032 B2 JP3658032 B2 JP 3658032B2
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- Prior art keywords
- sodium polyacrylate
- polymerization
- aqueous solution
- aps
- acrylic acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/04—Acids, Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は炭酸カルシウム製造の際の分散剤等として好適に用いられるポリアクリル酸ソーダの製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ポリアクリル酸ソーダは、分散剤、スケール防止剤、金属イオン封鎖剤、洗浄用ビルダー等として広く用いられている。
【0003】
従来ポリアクリル酸ソーダの製造方法としては、有機あるいは無機系の連鎖移動剤の存在下に水溶媒中で重合する方法、又は連鎖移動剤の存在下に低級アルコールを溶媒として重合する方法が知られている。
【0004】
このポリアクリル酸ソーダを炭酸カルシウムスラリー製造用の分散剤として使用する用途はポリアクリル酸ソーダの重要な用途の一つであるが、分散剤として使用した場合に、炭酸カルシウムスラリーの粘度を低下させる性能に優れたポリアクリル酸ソーダが得られれば、分散剤の使用量を削減することができ望ましい。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、炭酸カルシウムスラリー製造用の分散剤として使用した場合に、炭酸カルシウムスラリー粘度を低下させる性能に優れ、分散剤の使用量の削減が可能な分散性に優れたポリアクリル酸ソーダの製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記目的を達成するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、アクリル酸を重合する際、重合開始剤の総量の特定割合をあらかじめ重合溶媒中に仕込んでおき、残量をアクリル酸と共に重合溶媒中に滴下させて重合を行うことにより、分散性能に優れたポリアクリル酸ソーダを得ることができることを見出し、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。
【0007】
すなわち、本発明は、アクリル酸を重合溶媒中で重合開始剤の存在下重合させる際、重合開始剤の総量の40〜85重量%を水と低級アルコールの混合物からなる重合溶媒中にあらかじめ仕込んでおき、重合開始剤の残量をアクリル酸と共に重合溶媒中に滴下して重合させ、実質的に重合が完了したのち水酸化ナトリウムで中和することを特徴とするポリアクリル酸ソーダの製造方法を提供するものである。
【0008】
本発明において重合溶媒としては、通常、水系溶媒が用いられ、好ましくは水と低級アルコールの混合物が用いられれる。低級アルコールとしては、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノール、t−ブタノール等が用いられる。
【0009】
水と低級アルコールの混合比、すなわち、水/低級アルコール比(重量比)は10/90〜90/10とすることが好ましい。特に好ましい範囲は40/60〜60/40である。また、重合溶媒は、通常、アクリル酸の1〜5倍量(重量)、好ましくは1.2〜3.0倍量(重量)用いられる。
【0010】
本発明において重合開始剤としては、通常、ラジカル開始剤が用いられ、好ましくは過硫酸塩、過酸化物が用いられる。過硫酸塩としては、過硫酸ナトリウム、過硫酸カリウム、過硫酸アンモニウム等が、過酸化物としては、クメンハイドロパーオキサイド等のハイドロパーオキサイド化合物、1−ブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキサネート等のアルキルパーエステル化合物、過酸化水素等が用いられる。これらの重合開始剤は単独で用いてもよいし、併用して用いてもよい。
【0011】
本発明の特徴とするところは、使用する重合開始剤の総量の40〜85重量%、好ましくは45〜60重量%をあらかじめ重合溶媒中に仕込んでおき、その中にアクリル酸と残量の重合開始剤を滴下して重合反応を行うことである。アクリル酸と重合開始剤とは混合して滴下してもよいし、別々に滴下してもよいが、別々に滴下することが好ましい。重合開始剤は総量で、アクリル酸に対し、通常0.1〜10重量%、好ましくは1〜5重量%用いられる。
【0012】
重合反応は、通常、60〜120℃、好ましくは75〜85℃の温度で、通常、常圧〜10kg/cm2G、好ましくは常圧〜1kg/cm2Gの圧力で行われる。
【0013】
アクリル酸と重合開始剤の滴下は通常、1〜6時間、好ましくは3.5〜4.5時間かけて行い、滴下終了後、通常1〜2時間の熟成を行うことが好ましい。この時、本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲内でアクリル酸と共に、メタクリル酸、アクリル酸メチルなどのアクリル酸エステル、アクリロニトリル、アクリル酸アミドなどのアクリル酸と共重合可能なエチレン性不飽和化合物をコモノマーとして使用してもよい。
【0014】
重合反応終了後、NaOH水溶液により反応系を中和してpH8〜12(好ましくは9〜11)にすると目的とするポリアクリル酸ソーダが得られる。中和前、中和後に必要に応じ、低級アルコール若しくは低級アルコールと水の留去を行い、ポリアクリル酸ソーダの30〜50重量%水溶液とする。
【0015】
得られたポリアクリル酸ソーダ水溶液は分散性に優れており、炭酸カルシウムスラリーの分散剤として優れた分散性能を有している。
【0016】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例及びその比較例によって本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0017】
実施例1
攪拌機、温度計、還流冷却管を取付けた300mlフラスコにイソプロパノール(以下、IPAと略する。)55g、純水42g、過硫酸アンモニウム(以下APSと略する。)1.1gを仕込み攪拌しながら80℃に加熱した。ここにアクリル酸90g、10重量%APS水溶液11.0gを各々独立に、かつ同時に4時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、80℃で1時間熟成を行い、熟成後IPA及び水を系内より共沸留去した。留去量は70gで、このときフラスコ中のIPA濃度は0.5重量%以下となった。冷却後、40重量%のNaOH水溶液125gを加え、中和し、更に系内pHが10になるように40重量%のNaOH水溶液を添加した。そののち45gの水を加え、40重量%ポリアクリル酸ソーダ水溶液を得た。
【0018】
実施例2
実施例1において、フラスコに仕込むAPSを0.9g、滴下する10重量%APS水溶液を13gとした以外は全く同様の方法で40重量%ポリアクリル酸ソーダ水溶液を得た。
【0019】
実施例3
実施例1において、フラスコに仕込むAPSを1.0g、滴下する10重量%APS水溶液を10gとした以外は全く同様の方法で40重量%ポリアクリル酸ソーダ水溶液を得た。
【0020】
実施例4
実施例1において、フラスコに仕込むAPSを1.3g、滴下する10重量%APS水溶液を9gとした以外は全く同様の方法で40重量%ポリアクリル酸ソーダ水溶液を得た。
【0021】
実施例5
実施例1において、フラスコに仕込むAPSを1.65g、滴下する10重量%APS水溶液を5.5gとした以外は全く同様の方法で40重量%ポリアクリル酸ソーダ水溶液を得た。
【0022】
実施例6
実施例1において、フラスコに仕込むAPSを1.9g、滴下する10重量%APS水溶液を3gとした以外は全く同様の方法で40重量%ポリアクリル酸ソーダ水溶液を得た。
【0023】
比較例1
実施例1において、フラスコに仕込むAPSを0.55g、滴下する10重量%APS水溶液を16.5gとした以外は全く同様の方法で40重量%ポリアクリル酸ソーダ水溶液を得た。
【0024】
比較例2
実施例1において、フラスコに仕込むAPSを0.8g、滴下する10重量%APS水溶液を14gとした以外は全く同様の方法で40重量%ポリアクリル酸ソーダ水溶液を得た。
【0025】
比較例3
実施例1において、フラスコに仕込むAPSを2.2g、10重量%APS水溶液を滴下しないこと以外は全く同様の方法で40重量%ポリアクリル酸ソーダ水溶液を得た。
【0026】
比較例4
実施例1において、フラスコにAPSを仕込まず、滴下する10重量%APS水溶液を22gとした以外は全く同様の方法で40重量%ポリアクリル酸ソーダ水溶液を得た。
【0027】
参考例1
東亜合成化学製分散剤T−40を標品として用いた。
評価方法
上記実施例1〜6、比較例1〜4、参考例1で得られた分散剤を用いて性能を下記のようにして評価した。結果を表1に示す。
▲1▼初期分散性能
75重量%炭酸カルシウムスラリーになるように蒸留水を計量し、これに分散剤を炭酸カルシウムに対して所定量添加し、ホモジナイザーをゆっくり回転させながら炭酸カルシウム(平均粒径0.67μm)を入れ、全量投入後、3000rpmで15分間分散させた。次いで、25℃恒温槽内で1時間静置後、B型粘度計にて粘度を測定した。
▲2▼長期分散安定性能
▲1▼と同様にして炭酸カルシウムを分散させ、次いで25℃恒温槽内で4週間静置した。次いで、測定前に振盪機で5分間振盪させた後、B型粘度計にて粘度を測定した。
【0028】
【表1】
評価結果
初期分散性能は表1からわかるように、開始剤分割量とともに性能が向上し、25%で標品と同等になり、45〜55%で極大値を示し、実施例1では性能が15%向上している。
【0029】
また、添加量を減じるに従い性能は低下するが、本発明の分散剤は添加量30%減でも標品と同等の性能を示した。
【0030】
また、長期安定性に関しても本発明の分散剤は標品と同等の性能を示した。
【0031】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、炭酸カルシウムスラリー製造用の分散剤として使用した場合に、炭酸カルシウムスラリー粘度をさせる性能に優れ、分散剤の使用量の削減が可能な分散性に優れたポリアクリル酸ソーダを製造することができ、その工業的価値は極めて大である。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for producing sodium polyacrylate that is suitably used as a dispersing agent in the production of calcium carbonate.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Polyacrylic acid soda is widely used as a dispersant, a scale inhibitor, a sequestering agent, a cleaning builder and the like.
[0003]
As a conventional method for producing sodium polyacrylate, a method of polymerizing in an aqueous solvent in the presence of an organic or inorganic chain transfer agent, or a method of polymerizing using a lower alcohol as a solvent in the presence of a chain transfer agent is known. ing.
[0004]
The use of this sodium polyacrylate as a dispersant for producing calcium carbonate slurry is one of the important uses of sodium polyacrylate, but when used as a dispersant, the viscosity of the calcium carbonate slurry is reduced. If a polyacrylic acid soda having excellent performance is obtained, it is desirable that the amount of the dispersant used can be reduced.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention, when used as a dispersant for the production of calcium carbonate slurry, is excellent in the ability to lower the calcium carbonate slurry viscosity, and the production of polyacrylic acid soda having excellent dispersibility capable of reducing the amount of dispersant used It aims to provide a method.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive research to achieve the above object, the present inventors have prepared a specific proportion of the total amount of the polymerization initiator in the polymerization solvent in advance when polymerizing acrylic acid, and the remaining amount of acrylic acid is reduced. At the same time, it was found that polyacrylic acid soda having excellent dispersion performance can be obtained by dropping it into a polymerization solvent, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding.
[0007]
That is, in the present invention, when acrylic acid is polymerized in a polymerization solvent in the presence of a polymerization initiator, 40 to 85% by weight of the total amount of the polymerization initiator is previously charged in a polymerization solvent composed of a mixture of water and a lower alcohol. A method for producing polyacrylic acid soda, characterized in that the remaining amount of the polymerization initiator is dropped into a polymerization solvent together with acrylic acid to be polymerized, and is neutralized with sodium hydroxide after the polymerization is substantially completed. It is to provide.
[0008]
In the present invention, an aqueous solvent is usually used as the polymerization solvent, and preferably a mixture of water and a lower alcohol is used. As the lower alcohol, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, t-butanol and the like are used.
[0009]
The mixing ratio of water and lower alcohol, that is, the water / lower alcohol ratio (weight ratio) is preferably 10/90 to 90/10. A particularly preferable range is 40/60 to 60/40. The polymerization solvent is usually used in an amount of 1 to 5 times (weight), preferably 1.2 to 3.0 times (weight) of acrylic acid.
[0010]
In the present invention, a radical initiator is usually used as the polymerization initiator, and preferably a persulfate or a peroxide is used. Examples of persulfates include sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate. Examples of peroxides include hydroperoxide compounds such as cumene hydroperoxide, and alkyls such as 1-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanate. A perester compound, hydrogen peroxide, or the like is used. These polymerization initiators may be used alone or in combination.
[0011]
A feature of the present invention is that 40 to 85% by weight, preferably 45 to 60% by weight of the total amount of polymerization initiator to be used is previously charged in a polymerization solvent, and polymerization of acrylic acid and the remaining amount therein is performed. The polymerization reaction is performed by dropping an initiator. Acrylic acid and the polymerization initiator may be mixed and dropped, or may be dropped separately, but are preferably dropped separately. The polymerization initiator is used in a total amount of usually 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 1 to 5% by weight based on acrylic acid.
[0012]
The polymerization reaction is usually performed at a temperature of 60 to 120 ° C., preferably 75 to 85 ° C., and usually at normal pressure to 10 kg / cm 2 G, preferably normal pressure to 1 kg / cm 2 G.
[0013]
The dropping of acrylic acid and the polymerization initiator is usually carried out for 1 to 6 hours, preferably 3.5 to 4.5 hours, and after completion of the dropping, it is preferably carried out usually for 1 to 2 hours. At this time, an ethylenically unsaturated compound copolymerizable with acrylic acid such as methacrylic acid and methyl acrylate, acrylic acid such as acrylonitrile and acrylic acid amide, together with acrylic acid within a range not inhibiting the effect of the present invention. May be used as
[0014]
After the completion of the polymerization reaction, the reaction system is neutralized with an aqueous NaOH solution to adjust the pH to 8 to 12 (preferably 9 to 11), whereby the desired sodium polyacrylate is obtained. Before and after neutralization, if necessary, lower alcohol or lower alcohol and water are distilled off to obtain a 30-50 wt% aqueous solution of sodium polyacrylate.
[0015]
The obtained sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution is excellent in dispersibility, and has excellent dispersibility as a dispersant for the calcium carbonate slurry.
[0016]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples of the present invention and comparative examples thereof, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0017]
Example 1
A 300 ml flask equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, and reflux condenser was charged with 55 g of isopropanol (hereinafter abbreviated as IPA), 42 g of pure water and 1.1 g of ammonium persulfate (hereinafter abbreviated as APS) at 80 ° C. with stirring. Heated. Here, 90 g of acrylic acid and 11.0 g of a 10 wt% APS aqueous solution were added dropwise over 4 hours independently and simultaneously. After completion of the dropwise addition, aging was performed at 80 ° C. for 1 hour, and after aging, IPA and water were distilled off azeotropically from the system. The amount of distillation was 70 g. At this time, the IPA concentration in the flask was 0.5% by weight or less. After cooling, 125 g of a 40 wt% NaOH aqueous solution was added for neutralization, and a 40 wt% NaOH aqueous solution was added so that the pH in the system was 10. Thereafter, 45 g of water was added to obtain a 40% by weight sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution.
[0018]
Example 2
In Example 1, a 40 wt% sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution was obtained in exactly the same manner except that 0.9 g of APS charged into the flask and 13 g of the 10 wt% APS aqueous solution to be dropped were changed to 13 g.
[0019]
Example 3
In Example 1, a 40 wt% sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution was obtained in exactly the same manner except that 1.0 g of APS charged into the flask and 10 g of the 10 wt% APS aqueous solution to be dropped were changed to 10 g.
[0020]
Example 4
In Example 1, a 40 wt% sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution was obtained in exactly the same manner except that 1.3 g of APS charged into the flask and 9 g of the 10 wt% APS aqueous solution to be dropped were changed to 9 g.
[0021]
Example 5
In Example 1, a 40 wt% sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution was obtained in exactly the same manner except that 1.65 g of APS charged in the flask and 5.5 g of the 10 wt% APS aqueous solution to be dropped were added.
[0022]
Example 6
In Example 1, a 40 wt% sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution was obtained in exactly the same manner except that 1.9 g of APS charged into the flask and 3 g of the 10 wt% APS aqueous solution to be dropped were 3 g.
[0023]
Comparative Example 1
In Example 1, a 40 wt% aqueous sodium polyacrylate solution was obtained in exactly the same manner except that 0.55 g of APS charged into the flask and 16.5 g of 10 wt% APS aqueous solution to be dropped were added.
[0024]
Comparative Example 2
In Example 1, a 40 wt% sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution was obtained in exactly the same manner except that 0.8 g of APS charged into the flask and 14 g of 10 wt% APS aqueous solution to be dropped were changed to 14 g.
[0025]
Comparative Example 3
In Example 1, a 40 wt% sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution was obtained in exactly the same manner except that 2.2 g of APS charged into the flask was not added dropwise and a 10 wt% APS aqueous solution was not dropped.
[0026]
Comparative Example 4
In Example 1, a 40 wt% sodium polyacrylate aqueous solution was obtained in exactly the same manner except that APS was not charged into the flask and the 10 wt% APS aqueous solution to be dropped was changed to 22 g.
[0027]
Reference example 1
Toa Gosei Chemical's dispersant T-40 was used as a standard.
Evaluation Method Using the dispersants obtained in Examples 1 to 6, Comparative Examples 1 to 4, and Reference Example 1, the performance was evaluated as follows. The results are shown in Table 1.
{Circle around (1)} Initial dispersion performance Distilled water is weighed so that it becomes a 75 wt% calcium carbonate slurry, and a predetermined amount of a dispersant is added to the calcium carbonate, and while rotating the homogenizer slowly, calcium carbonate (average particle size 0 .67 μm), and the whole amount was added and dispersed at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes. Subsequently, after leaving still in a 25 degreeC thermostat for 1 hour, the viscosity was measured with the B-type viscometer.
(2) Long-term dispersion stability performance Calcium carbonate was dispersed in the same manner as in (1), and then allowed to stand in a 25 ° C. constant temperature bath for 4 weeks. Next, the mixture was shaken with a shaker for 5 minutes before measurement, and then the viscosity was measured with a B-type viscometer.
[0028]
[Table 1]
As can be seen from Table 1, the initial dispersion performance improves with the initiator splitting amount, 25% is equivalent to the standard product, 45-55% shows the maximum value, and in Example 1, the performance is 15 % Improvement.
[0029]
In addition, the performance decreased as the addition amount was reduced, but the dispersant of the present invention showed the same performance as the standard product even when the addition amount was reduced by 30%.
[0030]
Moreover, regarding the long-term stability, the dispersant of the present invention showed the same performance as that of the sample.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, when used as a dispersant for producing a calcium carbonate slurry, a polyacrylic acid soda having excellent dispersibility capable of reducing the amount of the dispersant, which is excellent in the ability to increase the viscosity of the calcium carbonate slurry, is produced. And its industrial value is enormous.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP04385595A JP3658032B2 (en) | 1995-03-03 | 1995-03-03 | Method for producing sodium polyacrylate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP04385595A JP3658032B2 (en) | 1995-03-03 | 1995-03-03 | Method for producing sodium polyacrylate |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPH08239423A JPH08239423A (en) | 1996-09-17 |
JP3658032B2 true JP3658032B2 (en) | 2005-06-08 |
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JP04385595A Expired - Fee Related JP3658032B2 (en) | 1995-03-03 | 1995-03-03 | Method for producing sodium polyacrylate |
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Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR20020084907A (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2002-11-16 | 신영화성공업 주식회사 | Manufacturing method of dispersant for preparing calcium carbonate slurry |
CN102858816B (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2016-06-08 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Polyacrylic acid (salt), polyacrylic acid (salt) water-absorbent resin and manufacture method thereof |
WO2011136238A1 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2011-11-03 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Polyacrylate (salt), polyacrylate (salt) water-absorbent resin, and manufacturing method for same |
CN112409529B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-04-22 | 常熟聚和化学有限公司 | Method for preparing sodium polyacrylate based on acrylic acid/dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride and application |
CN112300317A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-02 | 常熟聚和化学有限公司 | Synthesis method of high molecular weight sodium polyacrylate dispersant |
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1995
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