JPH0789490B2 - Fuel cell - Google Patents
Fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0789490B2 JPH0789490B2 JP60248832A JP24883285A JPH0789490B2 JP H0789490 B2 JPH0789490 B2 JP H0789490B2 JP 60248832 A JP60248832 A JP 60248832A JP 24883285 A JP24883285 A JP 24883285A JP H0789490 B2 JPH0789490 B2 JP H0789490B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst layer
- fuel cell
- layer
- electrode
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の利用分野〕 本発明は燃料電池に係り、特にガスクロスおよび締付圧
力不均一にともなう電池性能低下を防止可能とした好適
な端部シール層形成に関する。Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fuel cell, and more particularly to formation of a suitable end seal layer capable of preventing deterioration of cell performance due to gas cloth and uneven tightening pressure.
燃料電池の原理は第２図に示すように、 （１） 燃料極に供給された水素は、水素イオンと電子
とに解離する。The principle of the fuel cell is as shown in FIG. 2. (1) Hydrogen supplied to the fuel electrode is dissociated into hydrogen ions and electrons.
H2→2H+＋2e （２） 水素イオンは電解液（リン酸）を通り、酸化剤
極へ達し、電子は外部回路を通り電気的仕事をする。H 2 → 2H + + 2e (2) Hydrogen ions pass through the electrolyte (phosphoric acid) and reach the oxidizer electrode, and electrons perform electrical work through the external circuit.
（３） 酸化剤極に供給された酸素は、水素イオンおよ
び電子と反応して水を生成する。(3) Oxygen supplied to the oxidant electrode reacts with hydrogen ions and electrons to generate water.
（４） 全体としては、水素と酸素が反応して水を生成
する反応となり、その際、直流の電気エネルギーと熱エ
ネルギーとを発生する。 (4) As a whole, hydrogen and oxygen react to generate water, and at that time, direct current electric energy and thermal energy are generated.
このような反応過程をさせるために、従来の燃料電池は
第２図および第３図（Ａ）に示すように、耐リン酸性導
電性がありガスを分離する緻密な黒鉛成形品からなるセ
パレータ１と耐リン酸性で導電性がありガスを触媒層３
に到達させやすい多孔質にした黒鉛材料を用いた電極基
板２とを用いてセパレータ１あるいは電極基板２の凸部
を設け組合せることによりガス流路を形成する。そして
電極基板２のガス流路対向面と逆の面に触媒作用をする
白金を代表とする白金属の元素を微細化し、炭素や黒鉛
の微細粉表面に担持させた触媒をポリテトラフルオロエ
チレンを触媒に対し20〜60重量％混合したものを付着さ
せて触媒層３を形成し電極基板２とセパレータ１を介し
て電子を伝導し、イオンを電解質４を介して電子を伝導
させて反応を良好に行つている。かかる構成において電
解質周縁のシールとして例えば、第３図Ｂに示すような
ウエツトシールが使われている（特開昭50−95747号公
報）。この場合電極の周縁に触媒層に相当する緻密層が
形成されておらずウエツトシールの主要要素である電解
質の消失の原因となるとともに電池各部の厚みの相違に
よる締付圧力不均一の原因ともなつていた。これに対拠
するため電極基板との周縁部に粉体を注入することや触
媒を電極基板２の全面に塗布することも行われている。
加工工数増や貴金属触媒を用いることから価格を高くす
る要因となる。 In order to carry out such a reaction process, the conventional fuel cell has, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 (A), a separator 1 made of a dense graphite molded article which is resistant to phosphoric acid and has a gas separation property. And phosphoric acid resistant, conductive and gas for catalyst layer 3
The gas flow path is formed by providing and combining the separator 1 or the convex portion of the electrode substrate 2 with the electrode substrate 2 made of a porous graphite material that is easy to reach. Then, on the surface of the electrode substrate 2 opposite to the surface facing the gas flow path, the element of the white metal typified by platinum that acts as a catalyst is refined, and the catalyst supported on the surface of the fine powder of carbon or graphite is polytetrafluoroethylene. A catalyst layer 3 is formed by adhering a mixture of 20 to 60% by weight to the catalyst, conducts electrons through the electrode substrate 2 and the separator 1, and conducts electrons through the electrolyte 4 and the ions to improve the reaction. I'm going to. In such a structure, for example, a wet seal as shown in FIG. 3B is used as a seal around the periphery of the electrolyte (Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 50-95747). In this case, a dense layer corresponding to the catalyst layer is not formed on the periphery of the electrode, which causes the disappearance of the electrolyte, which is the main element of the wet seal, and the uneven tightening pressure due to the difference in the thickness of each part of the battery. It was To counter this, powder is injected into the peripheral portion of the electrode substrate and a catalyst is applied to the entire surface of the electrode substrate 2.
The increase in processing man-hours and the use of precious metal catalysts are factors that increase the price.
本発明の目的は、単位電池内での弾性率をほぼ同等とし
締圧分布を均一とし、かつウエツトシールのための電解
質保持を容易とするシール層を形成することにある。It is an object of the present invention to form a sealing layer that makes the elastic moduli in the unit cells approximately the same, makes the clamping pressure distribution uniform, and facilitates electrolyte retention for the wet seal.
本発明は、電解質マトリックスを介して燃料極および酸
化剤極を配し、該燃料極および酸化剤極は、前記電解質
マトリックス側に各々触媒層を有し、前記電解質マトリ
ックスの反応側に各々ガス流路を備えた燃料電池におい
て、前記触媒層の周囲の四辺にシール層を備え、該シー
ル層と前記触媒層との弾性率が実質同じであることを特
徴とする。In the present invention, a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode are arranged through an electrolyte matrix, and the fuel electrode and the oxidant electrode each have a catalyst layer on the electrolyte matrix side, and a gas flow on the reaction side of the electrolyte matrix. A fuel cell provided with a passage is characterized in that a seal layer is provided on four sides around the catalyst layer, and the seal layer and the catalyst layer have substantially the same elastic modulus.
或は、前記触媒層は触媒とカーボンとポリテトラフルオ
ロエチレンを有し、前記触媒層の周囲の四辺にシール層
を備え、該シール層は、非触媒作用物質からなり、前記
触媒層と実質同一厚さであることを特徴とする。前記シ
ール層は、例えば、カーボンとポリテトラフルオロエチ
レンからなるものである。前記非触媒作用物質は、実
質、触媒作用を持たない物質のことである。Alternatively, the catalyst layer has a catalyst, carbon, and polytetrafluoroethylene, and is provided with sealing layers on four sides around the catalyst layer, and the sealing layer is made of a non-catalytic substance and is substantially the same as the catalyst layer. It is characterized by being thick. The seal layer is made of carbon and polytetrafluoroethylene, for example. The non-catalyzing substance is a substance having substantially no catalytic action.
本発明は電極の触媒層周縁部に触媒層と類似の材料を使
用することにより、シール層の弾性率を触媒層と同等に
することができ、かつ電解質の吸収も抑止できることに
着目し、カーボンとポリテトラフルオロエチレンでシー
ル部に付着厚みを調整するようにしたものである。The present invention focuses on the fact that by using a material similar to the catalyst layer in the peripheral edge of the catalyst layer of the electrode, the elastic modulus of the seal layer can be made equal to that of the catalyst layer, and the absorption of electrolyte can be suppressed. With polytetrafluoroethylene, the adhesion thickness on the seal portion is adjusted.
本発明におけるシール層の形成方法を示す。実施例は第
１図に示すように、カーボン粉末100重量部に対しポリ
テトラフルオロエチレンを30〜60重量部，水を100〜350
重量部，エタノールを0.5〜10重量部を添加し混練した
混合物を電極基板２に触媒層３との厚みを調整し定量付
着し、310℃〜380℃で焼成しシール層を形成する。The method for forming the seal layer in the present invention will be described. In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, 30 to 60 parts by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene and 100 to 350 parts of water are added to 100 parts by weight of carbon powder.
A mixture obtained by adding 1 part by weight and 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of ethanol and kneading is adhering quantitatively to the electrode substrate 2 by adjusting the thickness of the catalyst layer 3 and firing at 310 ° C to 380 ° C to form a seal layer.
本発明により次のような効果がある。 The present invention has the following effects.
（１） セル厚みの均一が向上する。(1) The uniformity of cell thickness is improved.
（２） 締付圧力均一にでき、ガスクロスの防止。(2) Tightening pressure can be made uniform and gas cross can be prevented.
（３） 白金を代表とする金属触媒粉の低減。(3) Reduction of metal catalyst powder represented by platinum.
第１図は本発明の燃料電池の一実施例のシール層の形成
を示す概念図、第２図は燃料電池の発電原理を示す概念
図、第３図（Ａ）は従来の燃料電池の構成図、第３図
（Ｂ）は従来の燃料電池の部分断面図を示す。 １……セパレータ、２……電極基板、３……触媒層、４
……電解質、５……シール層。FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the formation of a seal layer in one embodiment of the fuel cell of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the power generation principle of the fuel cell, and FIG. 3 (A) is a configuration of a conventional fuel cell. FIG. 3 (B) shows a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional fuel cell. 1 ... Separator, 2 ... Electrode substrate, 3 ... Catalyst layer, 4
…… Electrolyte, 5 …… Seal layer.
Claims (2)
酸化剤極を配し、該燃料極および酸化剤極は、前記電解
質マトリックス側に各々触媒層を有し、前記電解質マト
リックスの反応側に各々ガス流路を備えた燃料電池にお
いて、前記触媒層の周囲の四辺にシール層を備え、該シ
ール層は弾性率が前記触媒層と実質同じであり、非触媒
作用物質からなり、前記触媒層と実質同一厚さであるこ
とを特徴とする燃料電池。1. A fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode are arranged through an electrolyte matrix, and the fuel electrode and the oxidant electrode each have a catalyst layer on the side of the electrolyte matrix and a gas on the reaction side of the electrolyte matrix. In a fuel cell provided with a flow path, a sealing layer is provided on four sides around the catalyst layer, the sealing layer has substantially the same elastic modulus as the catalyst layer, is made of a non-catalytic substance, and is substantially the same as the catalyst layer. A fuel cell having the same thickness.
いて、前記触媒層は触媒とカーボンとポリテトラフルオ
ロエチレンを有し、前記触媒層の周囲の四辺にシール層
を備え、該シール層は、前記カーボンとポリテトラフル
オロエチレンを有することを特徴とする燃料電池。2. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst layer has a catalyst, carbon and polytetrafluoroethylene, and seal layers are provided on four sides around the catalyst layer. Is a fuel cell containing the carbon and polytetrafluoroethylene.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60248832A JPH0789490B2 (en) | 1985-11-08 | 1985-11-08 | Fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60248832A JPH0789490B2 (en) | 1985-11-08 | 1985-11-08 | Fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62110263A JPS62110263A (en) | 1987-05-21 |
| JPH0789490B2 true JPH0789490B2 (en) | 1995-09-27 |
Family
ID=17184086
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60248832A Expired - Lifetime JPH0789490B2 (en) | 1985-11-08 | 1985-11-08 | Fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0789490B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0834103B2 (en) * | 1987-06-19 | 1996-03-29 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Molten carbonate fuel cell |
| JP4786008B2 (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2011-10-05 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fuel cell |
| JP4930821B2 (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2012-05-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Manufacturing method of fuel cell |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6093759A (en) * | 1983-10-27 | 1985-05-25 | Fuji Electric Corp Res & Dev Ltd | Gas diffusion electrode substrate of fuel cell |
-
1985
- 1985-11-08 JP JP60248832A patent/JPH0789490B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6093759A (en) * | 1983-10-27 | 1985-05-25 | Fuji Electric Corp Res & Dev Ltd | Gas diffusion electrode substrate of fuel cell |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62110263A (en) | 1987-05-21 |
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