JPH0788635B2 - Ultrafine fiber structure dyeing method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a dyeing and printing method of an ultrafine fiber structure by an ink jet method.

[Conventional technology]

For ultrafine fibers of 1 denier or less, the field of application is expanding to suede-like artificial leather and high-density fabrics.
With regard to the dyeing of these ultrafine fibers, there are problems such as the fact that a large amount of dye is required for the same dye concentration to produce a light color due to poor color development, and the surface area of the fiber becomes large and various fastnesses deteriorate. However, various studies have been made, but problems with increasing the amount of dye used and limiting the dye species remain. In addition, for printing, the dyeing rate is further reduced due to the use of a large amount of sizing agent in addition to these, and for napped fabrics, because the color is developed with the sizing agent applied, the napped hair is susceptible to changes such as sagging. It has drawbacks.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The present invention relates to plain dyeing and printing of ultrafine fiber structures,
Compared with the conventional technology (1) The surface concentration is high and the effective utilization rate is high for the dye used.

(2) The use of sizing agents and the like is substantially very small and the sticking rate is high.

(3) Since the non-contact dye is applied, there is almost no change in nap.

(4) Even with a low-viscosity dyeing solution, a pattern with almost no bleeding can be obtained.

It is to provide a dyeing method having characteristics.

[Means for solving problems]

 The present invention that achieves the above object has the following configurations.

That is, (a) a step of applying a water-soluble substance, (b) a step of applying a coloring liquid by an inkjet method, and (c) a fiber structure containing ultrafine fibers of 1 denier or less.
This is a method for dyeing an ultrafine fiber structure, which comprises dyeing in a step including a step of developing color under moist heat.

It is already known from JP-A-54-18975 and the like to print a fabric by the ink jet method, but the present inventors have found that it is very effective especially when applied to an ultrafine fiber structure, and It was discovered that a high-quality dyeing with a dark surface color and bleeding prevention is possible by a combination of treatment and coloring method.

The present invention will be described in detail below.

The ultrafine fiber structure of the present invention is a fiber structure containing ultrafine fibers having a denier of 1 denier or less, preferably 0.001 to 0.7 denier. ， Including non-woven fabric. The fiber material is not particularly limited, but polyester-based, polyamide-based, and polyacrylic-based synthetic fibers are preferably used from the viewpoint of manufacturing ultrafine fibers. The ultrafine fibers can be produced by any known method.

Next, the method of applying the dye liquor in the present invention is an ink jet method. This is to control one droplet or a plurality of droplets and apply them to the object to be treated. In the present invention, the ink jet method is not particularly limited, but typical ones include (1) pressure pulse type (on-demand method), (2) pressure vibration type, and (3) electrostatic acceleration type. I can give you.

In these ink jets, the liquid has a low viscosity of usually 200 cp or less, most of which is 50 cp or less, and there is a problem that cloths, particularly ultrafine fiber structures, have high absorptivity and diffuse into the interior, resulting in a thin surface concentration. As a result of studying this point, the present inventors have found that it is effective to add a water-soluble substance. Water solubility is not particularly limited, but (a) water-soluble metal salt, (b) water-soluble polymer,
(C) New aqueous organic compounds which are solid at room temperature, and the like. Examples of (a) include water-soluble salts such as Na, K, Ca, Zn, Ba, Mg and Al, and examples of (b) include polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, sodium polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc. Examples of (c) include urea, water-soluble amines, ammonium salts and the like.

Among these, the present inventors provide a water-soluble metal salt or an N-containing cationic substance to the fiber structure, and add a dye to the ink component as well as an anionic substance which is solidified by the metal salt or the N-containing cationic substance. Has been found to be particularly effective.

According to the study by the present inventors, examples of the anionic substance include:
Water-soluble anionic polymers, anionic dispersants and the like can be used. That is, --SO ₃ M group and --COOM group (where M
Is a monovalent metal or ammonium, which represents an amine or amine) and a compound having dye affinity has a dye affinity when it coagulates, so that bleeding and internal permeation of the dye liquor are prevented. It is possible to obtain a dyed product having a deep surface color.

According to the study by the present inventors, in the case of the ultrafine fiber structure, it is necessary to further increase the amount of ink applied in order to obtain a sufficient color density as compared with the case of the normal fiber. When the applied amount of the preferred dyeing liquid is Ag / m ² and the applied amount is Xg / m ² for the ultrafine fiber structure,
It is necessary to set 0.1 ≦ X / A ≦ 0.9, and more preferably 0.2 ≦ X / A ≦ 0.8.

Next, in the present invention, color development is preferably performed under moist heat, that is, in saturated steam or superheated steam. Coloring under high-temperature dry heat is not preferable because the texture of the ultrafine fibers is likely to be impaired and the applied water-soluble substance may be altered.

When the method of the present invention as described above is applied to, for example, napped artificial leather, it has the following characteristics.

(1) When used for plain dyeing, the amount of dye used can be small by applying on one side.

(2) When it is used for printing, since it uses virtually no glue, the dye fixation is high and the napping change due to the non-contact glue is small and the surface quality is good.

The present invention will be illustrated in the following examples.

<Example 1> Suede-like napped artificial leather made of 0.1 denier ultrafine polyester fiber entangled body (Toray "Exeine" fabric weight 22
0 g / m ² ) was smelted in advance with a jet dyeing machine at 120 ° C for 10 minutes, and was subjected to a rubbing action to soften it and to improve the napping separation. This was pretreated with 40g / concentration of calcium chloride (pad method, squeezing ratio 110%, dry 80 ° C).

On the other hand, a disperse dye ink having the following composition was prepared.

An ink containing no soluble polyester was prepared at the same time as the above composition.

Water-soluble polyester consisting of (molecular weight about 3000).

Next, ink jet dyeing was performed under the following conditions. However, the applied amount (X) of the dyed part applied at 2 dots each at the same location is 50 g / m ² . (X / A = 0.23) Method: On-demand method Nozzle diameter: 60μ Applied voltage: 60V Resolution: 8 nozzles / mm Distance between nozzle and cloth: 1mm Coloring the obtained printed material for 20 minutes under high pressure steam at 120 ° C Then, reduction cleaning was performed by a conventional method.

The dot diameter, color density (L value, lower one is darker) of the dyed product, and bleeding of the design were judged and shown in the table.

The napped cloth does not have a large bleeding when viewed from the diameter of one drop, and has a low color density, and when it has a pattern in which dots are gathered, bleeding occurs at the boundary of colors, and the pretreatment of the present invention is performed. However, the color density was high and no bleeding of the pattern was observed. In particular, good results were obtained when a polyester capable of coagulating with calcium chloride as a pretreatment agent was added.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fiber structure containing ultrafine fibers of 1 denier or less, (a) a step of applying a water-soluble substance, (b) a step of applying a coloring liquid by an inkjet method, and (c) coloring under moist heat. A method for dyeing an ultrafine fiber structure, which comprises dyeing in a step including a step of: