JPH078827A - Rotary cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the shear crushing force of rotary blades to effectively crush a material to be crushed, with respect to a rotary cutter where the rotary blades fitted opposite to each other to two rotating shafts are rotated to crush the material to be crushed with shear force. CONSTITUTION:Blades 1, 2 are fitted to two rotating shafts 6 and rotated to crush a material to be crushed 4. The blades 1, 2 each is constituted of two independent blades joined by a mating surface 3, and the tips of the blade have such a shape that inclination is made from the mating surface 3 of the central part toward the end parts of the tips of the blade on both sides and projection is made at end parts to both sides. The material to be crushed 4 is first sheared at a tip straight through shear cutting part A, and then cut off at a tip shear cutting part B. In this case, since the tip sharply projects, as compared to the conventional flat shape of the tip and shear is concentrated at the tip, effective crushing is performed with a little crushing force.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary cutter for rotating a rotary blade attached to two shafts to crush an object by a shearing force.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A rotary cutter used in a conventional biaxial shearing crusher is attached to each of the two shafts, and the positions of a plurality of rotary blades (rotary cutter blades) arranged opposite to each other are helically shifted in the axial direction. I am using it. The blade of this rotary cutter has a flat cross-sectional shape, and the two blades rotate with each other to crush the object to be crushed by the shear crushing force of the blade and the blade.

The blade of a conventional rotary cutter is expensive because it uses a special material having high hardness all around the blade.

[0004]

Since the conventional rotary cutter has a flat cutting edge and a flat blade cross-sectional shape, when shear crushing is performed, the shear crushing force is dispersed in the flat blade width direction, and the crushed product has a shear surface. The crushing force cannot be effectively concentrated against. Therefore, it cannot be said that the power required for crushing is effectively utilized, and improvements and ingenuity have been desired. Further, since the blade shape is constant, it is necessary to change the cutter according to the property of the crushed material.

Further, when a plurality of rotary blades are used side by side, there are large variations in the cutting angle, the cutting length, etc. between the adjacent rotary blades, so that the crushing force and the crushing size can be made constant. It was difficult, and it was necessary to devise in terms of mounting and adjusting the cutting edge.

Further, the conventional cutter has a high hardness like FRP and has a surface which is difficult to continuously and efficiently shred the crushed material of the elastic body, so that a special cutting is performed over the entire circumference of the blade of the rotary cutter. It is expensive because it uses blades,
There was a problem in terms of economy.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention forms two blades each having a single blade edge of the rotary blades facing each other of a rotary cutter, and joins them to form a single blade. The blade is inclined so that the blade tip shape of the rotary blade protrudes at the blade end portion, or it is protruded at the central mating surface to be sharpened to form a central protruding shape. If two mating surfaces are joined so that the mating surfaces are slightly offset in the circumferential direction and joined, the blade tips of each single blade will be slightly displaced in the circumferential direction, resulting in a rotary blade The crushed crushed material is configured so that shearing crushing can be performed when the cutting edge shifts and hits crushed crushed material, and the crushing shearing force can be concentrated at the sharp edge of the blade edge, which is different from the conventional flat blade shape. The shear crushing force can be reduced compared to the conventional one.
Further, a high hardness material having a different material is embedded only in a portion of the blade edge of the rotary blade, which is necessary for shear crushing, so that the life of the blade edge can be extended and a difficult-to-crush material can be dealt with.

That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the rotary blades are mounted so as to oppose each other on two parallel rotating shafts, and have a plurality of blade tips all around the circumference. In a rotary cutter for crushing an object with a shearing force, each of the rotary blades is formed by combining two single blades, and the shape of the blade edge of the single blade is linear and inclined, and the blade edges of each blade are The present invention provides a rotary cutter characterized in that the rotary cutters are attached so as to have opposite inclinations and are attached to the rotary shaft.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the blade edges of the opposing rotary blades rotate, and a part of the blade edges of the intersecting portions has a height different from that of the material of the entire blade edge. It is a rotary cutter characterized by being made of a material of hardness.

[0010]

Since the present invention is the above-mentioned means, in the invention of claim 1, the rotary blades arranged to face each other in the axial direction are
First of all, the material to be crushed is cut and crushed in the through shearing direction by the blade edge. Secondly, the rotary blade sandwiches the object to be crushed, and performs shear crushing by cutting the material. Since these two actions are shear crushing actions, the former depends on the cutting edge shape of the cutting blade, in particular, the contact length in the blade width direction with the crushed object, and the latter is the blade of the adjacent cutters. The length of contact with the object to be crushed in the blade width direction at the base greatly affects the crushing force.

That is, since there is a relation of (crushing force) = (shear stress of the crushed object) × (shear plate thickness of the crushed object) × (contact length of the blade and the crushed object), the blade tip of the rotary blade By combining two single blades to sharpen the edge shape and shorten the contact length between the blade and the crushed material, the crushing force is concentrated on the shearing surface and the crushing efficiency can be improved. I can.

Further, since the rotary blade is formed by joining two single blades, it can be displaced in any position in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis, so that it can be crushed. It is possible to reduce the number of cutting blades on the cutting edge, and to reduce the crushing power more effectively.

In the invention of claim 2, in addition to the above effects, the blade tip of the rotary blade is embedded with a material different in material only in a portion necessary for shear crushing, and is attached. It is possible to extend the life and efficiently crush the crushed object of high hardness and elastic body such as FRP, which has been conventionally considered as a crushable object.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a layout view of blades of a rotary cutter according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing details of a cutting portion in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a model view of a crushing state thereof. . In FIGS. 1 and 2, rotary blades 1 and 2 of a rotary cutter each have a unidirectional inclined blade on each rotary shaft 6.
Replace the blades 1a, 1b and 2a, 2b with bolts (nuts) 5
(4 points in the embodiment) are combined on the mating surface 3, and in the first embodiment, the blades are fixed so that the cutting edges are aligned with each other. It is also possible to combine them by shifting them to arbitrary positions in the circumferential direction as in the second embodiment shown in FIG. or,
It is also possible that the mating surfaces 3 of the respective cutters are reversed dorso-ventral and combined as in a third embodiment shown in FIG.
In this case, the item of the bolt (nut) 5 is the rotary blade 1,
It is machined and attached so that it does not stick out on the surface of 2. Reference numeral 4 is a crushed crushed material, which is crushed by the rotary blades 1 and 2 by a shearing force.

2 and 3, the crushed crushed material 4 is crushed in the through shearing direction by the through-shear cutting portion A of the rotary blade (pushing blade) 2, and the protruding edge shape is as shown in FIG. Therefore, the cutting edge 2C is sharp, and the penetration shearing force can be concentrated on the cutting edge 2C. Therefore, the cutting edge 2C shearing force can be a small force as compared with the conventional blade width direction flat shape cutting edge. The crushing power can be reduced.

Further, at the cutting edge sandwiching portion B shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 3, the rotary blades (pushing blades) 2 of the adjacent cutters are also attached.
Also, the crushed crushed material 4 is sheared and crushed by being sandwiched by the blade end portions 1d and 2d of the rotary blade (receiving blade) 1. However, compared with a conventional rotary cutter having a flat shape in the blade width direction,
Since the crushing shearing force can be concentrated on the blade ends 1d and 2d, the crushing force can be reduced.

FIG. 4 is a layout view of blades of a rotary cutter according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a detailed perspective view of a cut portion in FIG. 4, and FIG. 3 is a model view of a crushing condition. In these figures, reference numerals 1 to 6 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted. However, the features of the second embodiment are as follows.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the axial direction of the cutter, the two blades 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b are each rotated slightly helically to be displaced, and a rotary cutter for simultaneously cutting or pinching the object to be crushed 4 is provided. In addition to being able to reduce the number, it is possible to keep the cutting positions of the adjacent rotary cutters 2a and 2b constant as in the cutting edge through shear cutting portion C shown in FIG. Leveling of crushing torque (rotary cutter 1
It is possible to make the fluctuation of the crushing force generated during rotation constant, that is, crush at the same cutting position). Moreover, since the effective shearing position of the rotary cutter cutting edge can be specified, the specific blade material can be arranged with respect to the effective shearing position.

FIG. 7 is a layout view of blades of a rotary cutter according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a detailed perspective view of a cut portion in FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a model view of a crushing condition. In these drawings, reference numerals 1 to 6 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore their explanations are omitted, but the features of the third embodiment are as follows.

The rotary cutter (combination of unidirectional slanting blades) has blades 1a, 1b and 2a, 2b of which the mating surfaces 3 are formed in a central projecting shape with their backs and bellies reversed. As shown in FIG. 8, since the through-shear crushing force due to the blade-end through-shear part D of the rotary blade (pushing blade) 2 is concentrated on the center part 20 of the edge of the blade, the crushed object 4 can be used for materials that are fragile. In addition to effective crushing, the crushing force can be reduced because it requires less force than a conventional rotary cutter having a flat blade in the width direction.

Next, FIG. 10 is a layout view of blades of a rotary cutter according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a side view of a blade mating surface of the crushing portion. 10 and 11,
Rotating forces 11 and 12 of the rotary cutter are arranged adjacent to each other on a plurality of shafts 6 arranged so as to rotate in parallel with the inner surface of the body so as to cross each other. Cutting blade portions E and supporting blade portions F are alternately arranged on the circumference of the rotary blade 12. The cutting blade portion E and the supporting blade portion F are embedded or attached tips only in the effective site of shearing and crushing, or the cutting blades a and b obtained by processing the cutter body are respectively provided in the cutting blade portion E and the supporting blade portion F. It is equipped with.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing the order of the crushing action. In the winding of FIG. 12 (a), the cutting blade portion E catches the crushed material 16 and winds it at the intersection portion 17 between the rotary blades 12.
Next, in the cutting of FIG. 2B, the cutting blade E cuts so that the crushed material 16 is pierced by the support blade F that is adjacent and facing each other instead of the pedestal. Next, in the shearing of FIG. 3C, the crushing object 16 is cut into strips by a shearing operation such that the cutting blade portion E and the supporting blade portion F sandwich and cut. Then (d)
In the cutout shown in the drawing, the shredded crushed material 16 is folded by a cutting corner 18 having a concave shape, and crushed pieces 19 are cut into small pieces and discharged to the outside of the rotary cutter. Further, the uneven corners are shredded by the next blade by the above-mentioned action.

The rotary cutter of the fourth embodiment has been described with the blades 11 and 12 shown in FIG. 10. The cutting edges a and b are the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 7. Since the same effect can be obtained by embedding or attaching to the blades 1 and 2 of the third embodiment, the description is omitted because it is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.

Further, the description of the above-mentioned crushing action has been shown as a representative of the fourth embodiment, but the crushing action of the first to third embodiments is also the same, so the explanation thereof will be omitted.

In the embodiment described above, the shear crushing results in (crushing force) = (shear stress of crushed object) × (shear plate thickness of crushed object) × (contact length of blade and crushed crushed object) There is a basic relationship, and in the first to third examples, shear crushing is performed by sharpening the blade tip shape of the rotary blade and shortening the contact length between the blade and the crushed object 4 in the blade width direction. In the case of crushing the same thing as the conventional one, the crushing force due to is reduced as compared with a conventional rotary cutter having a flat blade edge and a blade cross-sectional shape.

Furthermore, as in the second embodiment, the blade positions on the left and right sides of 1a, 1b and 2a, 2b from the center of the blade width with respect to the blade edge are displaced in the circumferential direction, so that the blades are adjacent to other cutters. It is possible to place the blades helically in the cutter axial direction with respect to multiple cutters assembled on two axes with the cutting positions of each set to a fixed size, and at the same time reduce the number of blades that perform crushing action. Therefore, the crushing power can be reduced for a crusher with a large number of cutters.

Further, since the blade of the rotary cutter is divided and assembled by the bolts (nuts) 5, it is possible to assemble the respective cutters by arbitrarily shifting them in the circumferential direction, and at the same time as in the third embodiment. By inverting the surface, it is possible to change the protruding position of the cutter blade from the blade end to the center and assemble it, which is an effective hand for crushing a crushed material that is fragile in material.

Further, the blades 1a, 1b and 2a, 2b may not be of a divided type but the blades may be integrally formed so that the same effect as the divided assembly type can be obtained.

Further, if the cutting blades a and b are embedded only in the required places as in the fourth embodiment, the life of the cutting tool is extended, the number of times of cutting edge replacement is reduced, the maintenance property is improved, and the material cost of the cutter is increased. Reduction will improve the economy.
By embedding such a cutting edge in a required place of the blade as a material suitable for highly fragile and elastic hard-to-break materials, it is possible to continuously cut hard-to-break materials such as FRP into predetermined small pieces. Therefore, the crushing efficiency can be improved.

Further, if the cutting edges a and b of the fourth embodiment are applied to the blades 1 and 2 of the first to third embodiments, the crushing force is smaller than ever and the life of the blade is extended. A rotary cutter with good maintenance is obtained.

[0031]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the shape of the blade of the rotary blade is sharpened and the contact length in the width direction of the blade and the contact length of the crushed object are shortened, whereby shearing is achieved. The crushing force due to crushing is reduced as compared with a conventional rotary cutter having a flat blade edge and a blade cross-sectional shape.

Further, since the two single blades are fitted together, it is possible to assemble the cutters by shifting them in the circumferential direction arbitrarily, and the mating surfaces can be reversed to each other. It can be assembled by changing the protruding position of the blade from the blade end to the center, and various blade edges can be used depending on the material of the crushed object. In this case, it is effective for crushing a crushed material that is brittle in material.

Further, since the alignment position of two single blades can be shifted in the circumferential direction, the alignment position can be adjusted to be constant, and the blade tips can be arranged and adjusted in a rotary cutter having a large number of cutters. Since it can be done accurately, the crushing force can be reduced more effectively.

If a blade provided with a cutting blade of a shape and material suitable for shredding is used only in the effective shearing action portion of the rotary blade, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, the life of the blade is extended and the FRP-like blade is used. It is possible to continuously shred difficultly crushed material into small pieces of a predetermined size and improve the crushing efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a layout view of blades of a rotary cutter according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed perspective view of a cut portion in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a blade, which is a model of a crushing situation in the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a layout view of blades of a rotary cutter according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a detailed perspective view of a cut portion in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a blade, which is a model of a crushing situation in the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a layout view of blades of a rotary cutter according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a detailed perspective view of a cut portion in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a side view of a blade in a model of a crushing situation in the third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a layout view of blades of a rotary cutter according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a side view of the blade mating portion in FIG. 11. FIG.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a crushing action in the fourth embodiment,
(A) is rolled up, (b) is cut, (c) is sheared,
(D) shows the cutout states.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 rotary blade 2 rotary blade 3 mating surface 4 crushed object 5 bolt (nut) 6 rotary shaft 11 rotary blade 12 rotary blade 16 crushed object

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A rotary which is attached to two parallel rotary shafts so as to face each other and has rotary blades having a plurality of blade tips all around, and which crushes the object to be crushed by shearing force with the rotary blades facing each other. In the cutter, each of the rotary blades is formed by combining two single blades, and the shape of the blade edge of the single blade is linear and inclined, and the blades are inclined so that their inclinations are opposite to each other. A rotary cutter mounted on the rotary shaft. 2. The rotary blade according to claim 1, wherein the blade edges of the opposing rotary blades are made of a material having a high hardness different from the material of the entire blade edge at a part of the blade edge of each rotating and intersecting portion. cutter.