JPH0787773A - Control method of commutatorless motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize the control method which makes the rotation of a rotor for a commutatorless motor smooth during one cycle (one rotation) and whose cost is low. CONSTITUTION:A microcomputer 9 divides one cycle (one rotation) of a rotor 1a for a commutatorless motor 1 into a plurality of sections by the position detection signal of the rotor 1a, it detects rotational speeds of the rotor 1a in the desired sections, it computes the mean value of the rotational speeds in the individual sections according to the difference between the rotational speeds in the individual sections and the means value, it changes the variable ratio of a voltage applied to every winding in order to change the rotational speeds in the individual sections into the means value, and it can maintain the rotational speeds in the individual sections at the mean value even when the load of the commutatorless motor is changed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control technology for a non-commutator motor (brushless motor) used in a compressor motor or the like of an air conditioner, and more particularly, to a control of the non-commutator motor for smooth operation. It is about the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When this non-commutator motor (brushless motor) is used as a motor for a compressor, for example, a control device shown in FIG. 16 is required. In FIG. 16, the control device is a commutatorless motor (for example, 3 poles 4 poles).
Phase) 1 is driven by commercial AC power supply 2, so AC power supply 2
AC / DC converter 3 for converting DC to DC, a switching circuit 4 for switching the converted DC power supply and applying it to the non-rectifier motor 1, and a rotor 1a of the non-rectifier motor 1.
Position detection circuit 5 for detecting the position of the
The rotation speed of the non-commutator electric motor 1 is detected based on the detected position (position detection signal) of the rotor 1a that outputs a control signal for controlling the rotation of the non-commutator electric motor 1. The microcomputer 6 that outputs a chopping signal for variably controlling the target rotation speed, the chopping circuit 7 that chops a control signal (for example, H level) by this chopping signal, and the transistor of the switching circuit 4 by this chopped control signal. And a drive circuit 8 for turning on and off.

With the above structure, the voltage applied to the plurality of armature windings (A, B, C) 1b of the non-rectifier motor 1 changes depending on the on / off ratio of the chopping signal from the microcomputer 6, that is, the non-rectifier. The rotation speed of the electric motor 1 depends on its cycle. Therefore, if the on / off ratio of the chopping signal is varied based on the detected rotation speed of the non-rectifier motor 1, the rotation speed of the non-rectifier motor 1 can be controlled to a predetermined value.

[0004]

By the way, as shown in FIG. 17, when the non-commutator motor 1 is used as a motor of a compressor, the compressor has a structure for sucking in liquid, compressing it and discharging it. The load on the non-commutator motor 1 becomes the heaviest during compression during one cycle of suction, compression and discharge,
The load becomes the smallest at the moment when the compressed liquid is discharged.

Therefore, the rotation speed of the commutatorless electric motor 1 is slow when the sucked liquid is compressed, becomes the slowest just before the discharge of the compressed liquid, and becomes high when the compressed liquid is discharged.

For example, referring to FIG. 15, in detail, when one cycle (one rotation) of the non-commutator motor 1 is divided into 12 sections, the rotation time in each section is short at the time of suction and long at the time of compression. The discharge time becomes shorter when the discharge is performed (shown in (a) of the same figure), and specifically, the rotation time in each section has the value shown in Table 1 below.

[0007]

[Table 1] The voltage applied to the commutatorless motor 1 in Table 1 is a relative value, for example, 100 is a value of about 200 V, the time of each section is in ms unit, and the average value of the time of each section is 1 ms. In this case, the number of revolutions is shown.

That is, during one cycle of the compressor (one rotation of the rotor 1a), the voltage applied to the plurality of windings 1b of the non-rectifier motor 1 is constant (FIG. 15). (B) and Table 1).

As a result, during one cycle, that is, during one cycle of the rotor 1a of the non-commutator motor 1, the rotation speed fluctuates in each section, that is, the rotation is not smooth, and vibration and noise are generated. It is a factor.

Therefore, for example, if a special mechanism or a special circuit is added to the commutatorless motor 1, it is possible to eliminate the factors of the above-mentioned vibration and noise generation. By adopting,
In addition, new mechanisms and circuits may cause quality problems.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to make it possible to smoothly rotate a commutatorless motor without adding a new mechanism or circuit, and thus to generate vibration or noise. It is an object of the present invention to provide a control method for a non-commutator motor that can be suppressed and can be manufactured at low cost.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention detects the position of a rotor of a commutatorless motor and, based on the detected position signal (position detection signal), The energization of the commutator motor is switched to control the rotation of the non-commutator motor rotor, and the voltage applied to the armature winding is varied to control the rotation speed of the rotor. A method for controlling a non-commutator motor, comprising: dividing one cycle (one rotation) of the rotor into a plurality of sections, detecting the rotation speed of the rotor in each of the divided sections, and detecting the rotation speed of the rotor. In order to calculate an average value, correct the rotation speed in each section according to the difference between the rotation speed in each section and the average value, and set the rotation speed in each section to the average value, the armature winding Change the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the line And the spirit that was Unishi.

[0013]

With the above means, one cycle (one rotation) of the rotor of the non-commutator motor is divided into a plurality of sections, the rotation speed of the rotor in each section is detected, and the rotation speed The average value is calculated. The difference between the rotation speed and the average value is divided into a plurality of zones, and the voltage applied to the armature winding of the commutatorless motor is changed for each zone. For example,
When the rotation speed in the predetermined section is in a zone far away from the average value, that is, when the rotation speed in the detected section is higher than the average value on the positive side or on the negative side, the load on the non-rectifier motor is extremely high. Since it is assumed to be light or extremely heavy, the variable ratio of the applied voltage to the armature winding is greatly increased or the variable ratio of the applied voltage is greatly decreased.

When the rotation speed in the predetermined section is in a zone not far from the average value, that is, the rotation speed in the detected section is slightly higher than the average value on the positive side,
Alternatively, when it is slightly larger on the negative side, it is assumed that the load of the commutatorless motor is slightly lighter or heavier, so the variable ratio of the applied voltage to the armature winding is slightly lowered, or the same voltage is applied. The variable ratio of can be increased a little.

Further, when the rotation speed in the predetermined section is in the zone closest to the average value, that is, when the rotation speed in the detected section is extremely close to the average value, the load of the non-commutator motor has a normal weight. Is assumed to be
The voltage applied to the armature winding is maintained.

As described above, the ratio of varying the voltage applied to the armature winding can be changed by the difference between the rotation speed and the average value in each section. Then, the rotation speed of the non-commutator motor is controlled so that the rotation speed in each section becomes an average value, so that smooth rotation can be achieved.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION According to the present invention, one cycle (one rotation) of a rotor is divided into a plurality of sections by a position detection signal of the rotor of a non-commutator motor, and the rotation speed of the rotor in this divided section is detected. Along with, calculate the average value of this rotation speed,
The rotation speed in each section is corrected according to the difference between the rotation speed and the average value in each section, and the variable rate of the voltage applied to the armature winding is changed to make the rotation speed in each section an average value. Even if the load of the non-commutator motor changes, the rotation speed in each section can be maintained at an average value.

Therefore, the control device for the non-commutator motor has the structure shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. 16 are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.

In FIG. 1, in addition to the function of the microcomputer 6 shown in FIG. 16, this control device uses a plurality of cycles (one rotation) of the rotor of the non-rectifier motor 1 according to the position detection signal of the rotor. The rotation speed in each section is calculated, the average value of the rotation speed is calculated, and the rotation speed in each section becomes the average value (constant value) without rectification in one cycle. The microcomputer 9 is provided for controlling the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the plurality of armature windings (A, B, C) 1b of the slave motor 1.

Next, the operation of the control method of the non-rectifier motor, which is applied to the control device having the above-mentioned configuration, will be described with reference to the motor operation diagrams of FIGS.
This will be described in detail with reference to Table 1 above and Table 2 below. The unit of numerical values in Table 2 is the same as that in Table 1.

[0021]

[Table 2] First, the microcomputer 9 outputs a predetermined control signal (for example, a PWM signal) and a chopping signal in order to bring the non-commutator electric motor 1 to a predetermined number of revolutions, and controls the rotation of the non-commutator electric motor 1. At this time, the position detection circuit 5 detects the position of the rotor 1a of the non-rectifier motor 1 and outputs a position detection signal to the input port of the microcomputer 9.
The position of the rotor 1a of the non-commutator motor 1 may be detected by using a Hall element provided inside the non-commutator motor 1.

Then, the microcomputer 9 takes in the position detection signal from the input port as in the conventional case, and sends the control signal for switching the energization of the plurality of armature windings 1b of the non-rectifier motor 1 based on the position detection signal. A chopping signal for outputting and varying the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b is output.

By the way, the microcomputer 9 divides one cycle of the rotor 1a of the non-rectifier motor 1 into a plurality of sections based on the received position detection signal, and calculates the rotation speed of the rotor 1a in each section. , The average value of the same rotation speed is calculated.

For example, when the non-rectifier motor 1 has three-phase four-poles, the position detection circuit 5 as shown in FIG. 14 detects the position detection signals A1, B1, and C1 (shown in (a) to (c) of the same figure). ) Is output and the positions of the twelve kinds of rotors 1a shown in FIGS. 2 to 13 are detected by the rising and falling edges of the same position detection signals A1, B1, C1.
1 period is divided into 12 sections T1 to T12. The position of the rotor 1a shown in FIGS. 2 to 13 is shown in FIG.
Is at the timing shown by the arrows a to l.

When the rotor 1a rotates in each section, the time in each section T1 to T12 is measured by the rising and falling timings of the position detection signals A1, B1, C1. The measured times are summed, the total time is divided into 12 to calculate the average time for each section, and the average value is compared with the time of each section T1 to T12 to calculate the difference.

Here, in the conventional case, as shown in FIG. 15 (b), each winding of the commutatorless motor 1 during one cycle (one revolution) of the rotor 1a of the commutatorless motor 1. Since the voltage applied to 1b is a constant value (100), the time in each section is the value shown in Table 1 above. That is, when the non-commutator electric motor 1 is used as a motor of a compressor, each of the sections T1 to T1 is operated by the liquid suction, compression and discharge operations.
2 is different, that is, the rotation speed of the rotor 1a in each section is different.

However, in the present invention, the commutatorless motor 1
Each section T1 to T1 in one cycle of the rotor 1a of
After the difference between the time of 2 and the average value is calculated, the variable ratio of the voltage applied to each winding 1b of the same commutator motor 1 is changed for each section according to the calculated difference. The variable ratio of the applied voltage can be changed by the on / off ratio of the chopping signal output from the microcomputer 9.

The operation of the commutatorless motor 1 is shown in FIG.
It is applied when the state shown in FIG.
Specifically, with reference to FIG. 6, first, in the section T1, the rotation time is 0.85 ms, which is 0.15 times larger than the average value 1 ms.
It is shorter by ms (the rotation time is larger on the negative side than the average value) and enters the c zone as shown in FIG. 15A, that is, the rotation speed in the section T1 is fast.

In this case, the armature winding 1 of the commutatorless motor 1 is adjusted so that the rotation time in the section T1 becomes the average time.
The voltage applied to b is set to a value lower by a predetermined value ΔV1 (see FIG. 15B), in other words, the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b is set to 98 (shown in Table 2).

As described above, by lowering the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b, the rotation time in the section T1 can be set to 0.99 ms, which is a value very close to 1 ms (see Table 2). ), That is, the rotational speed can be corrected to be slower.

In the sections T2 and T3, the rotation time is slightly shorter than the average value (the rotation time is slightly larger than the average value on the negative side), and the zone b shown in FIG. 15A is entered, that is, the section T2. The rotation speed at T3 and T3 is slightly higher. In this case, the same adjustment as described above is performed, and the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b of the non-commutator motor 1 is set to a predetermined value ΔV2 (FIG. 15 (b) so that the rotation time in the sections T2 and T3 becomes the average time). (See Table 2). In other words, the variable ratio of the applied voltage to the armature winding 1b is set to 99 (shown in Table 2).

As described above, by slightly lowering the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b, the rotation time in the sections T2 and T3 can be set to 1.00 ms (shown in Table 2). The speed can be corrected to be slightly slower.

In the sections T4 and T5, the rotation time is almost close to the average value and enters the zone a as shown in FIG. 15A, that is, the rotation speed in the sections T4 and T5 is neither fast nor slow. . In this case, since the rotation time in the sections T4 and T5 is already close to the average time, the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b of the non-rectifier motor 1 is left unchanged, in other words, the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b is The variable ratio of 100 is set to 100 (shown in Table 2).

In this way, the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b remains unchanged, and the intervals T2 and T
The rotation time in No. 3 can be set to 1.00 (1.01) ms (shown in Table 2), that is, the rotation speed can be corrected to be slightly slower.

In the sections T6 and T7, the rotation time is slightly longer than the average value (the rotation time is slightly larger than the average value on the positive side), and the zone b shown in FIG. 15A is entered, that is, the section T6. The rotation speed at T7 and T7 is slightly slower. In this case, the same adjustment as described above is performed, and the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b of the non-commutator motor 1 is set to a predetermined value ΔV2 (FIG. 15 (b) so that the rotation time in the sections T6 and T7 becomes the average time). (See Table 2), in other words, the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b is set to 100 (see Table 2).

As described above, by slightly increasing the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b, the rotation time in the sections T6 and T7 can be set to 1.01 ms (shown in Table 2). The speed can be corrected to be slightly faster.

In the sections T8 to T10, the rotation time is longer than the average value (the rotation time is larger on the positive side of the average value) and the zone c is entered as shown in FIG. 15A, that is, the section T8. The rotation speed at T10 to T10 is slow. In this case, the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b of the non-rectifier motor 1 is set to the predetermined value ΔV1 so that the rotation time in the sections T8 and T10 becomes the average time.
(See FIG. 15 (b)) is set to a higher value, in other words, the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b is set to 100 = 102 (shown in Table 2).

In this way, by increasing the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b, the section T8 to ST
The rotation time at 10 can be 1.01 (1.00) m (shown in Table 2), that is, the rotation speed can be corrected to be faster.

In the sections T11 and T12, the rotation time is shorter than the average value and the zone c is entered as shown in FIG. 15A, that is, the rotation speed in the sections T11 and T12 is high. In this case, the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b of the non-rectifier motor 1 is set to a value lower by a predetermined value ΔV1 (see FIG. 15B) so that the rotation time in the sections T11 and T12 becomes the average time. In other words, the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b is set to 98 from 100 (shown in Table 2).

In this way, by reducing the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b, the sections T11 and T
The rotation time at 12 can be set to 0.99 m, which is a value very close to 1 ms (shown in Table 2), that is, the rotation speed can be corrected to be slow.

Similarly, every time the commutatorless motor 1 rotates, the rotation time of each section in one cycle (one rotation) becomes an average value, in other words, the rotation speed of each section becomes an average value. Thus, the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the armature winding 1b of the non-rectifier motor 1 can be changed.

As a result, as shown in FIG.
The rotation time in each section can be made approximately an average value. For example, when the non-commutator motor 1 is used as a compressor motor, there is no fluctuation in the rotation speed during one cycle of liquid suction, compression and discharge operations. Generation of vibration and noise can be suppressed.

Further, since the control method described above is realized by the software of the microcomputer 9, it is not necessary to add a special mechanism or a special circuit to the non-commutator electric motor 1, resulting in high cost. There is no problem in terms of quality.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention, one cycle (one rotation) of the rotor is divided into a plurality of sections according to the position detection signal of the rotor of the non-commutator motor, and the divided sections are divided. In addition to detecting the rotation speed of the rotor in, calculate the average value of this rotation speed, correct the rotation speed in each section according to the difference between the rotation speed and the average value in each section, the rotation speed in each section Since the variable ratio of the voltage applied to each winding is changed to obtain the average value, when used as a compressor motor of an air conditioner with varying load, the load is applied during one cycle of liquid suction, compression and discharge. Change, but because the rotation is smooth, it is possible to suppress vibration and noise of the air conditioner, and even without adding a new mechanism or circuit, it is inexpensive in terms of cost,
Moreover, there is an effect that no new problem occurs in terms of quality.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a control device to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied and to which a control method for a non-rectifier motor is applied.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a commutatorless motor for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a non-commutator motor for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG.

4 is a schematic diagram of a commutatorless motor for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

5 is a schematic diagram of a commutatorless motor for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a commutatorless motor for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG. 1.

7 is a schematic diagram of a non-commutator motor for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG.

8 is a schematic diagram of a commutatorless motor for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

9 is a schematic diagram of a commutatorless motor for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

10 is a schematic diagram of a commutatorless motor for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

11 is a schematic diagram of a commutatorless motor for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

12 is a schematic diagram of a non-commutator motor for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG.

13 is a schematic diagram of a non-commutator motor for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG.

FIG. 14 is a schematic time chart diagram for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 15 is a schematic time chart diagram explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of a conventional controller for a commutatorless motor.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operation when a commutatorless motor is used as a compressor.

18 is a schematic time chart diagram for explaining the operation of the control device shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Non-commutator motor (brushless motor) 1a Rotor 1b Armature winding 2 AC power supply (commercial) 3 AC / DC converter 4 Switching circuit 5 Position detection circuit 6,9 Microcomputer 7 Chopping circuit 8 Drive circuit

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A position of a rotor of a non-commutator motor is detected, and energization of an armature winding of the same commutator motor is switched based on a signal of the detected position (position detection signal). A control method for a non-commutator motor, wherein the rotor of the non-commutator motor is rotationally controlled, and the voltage applied to the armature winding is varied to control the rotational speed of the rotor. 1 cycle (1 rotation) of is divided into multiple sections,
The rotation speed of the rotor in each divided section is detected, the average value of the rotation speed is calculated, and the rotation speed in each section is corrected according to the difference between the rotation speed and the average value in each section. A control method for a non-commutator motor, wherein a variable ratio of a voltage applied to the armature winding is changed so that the rotation speed in each of the sections has the average value. 2. The position of the rotor of the non-rectifier motor is detected, and the energization of the armature winding of the non-rectifier motor is switched based on the detected position signal (position detection signal). A control method for a non-commutator motor, wherein the rotor of the non-commutator motor is rotationally controlled, and the voltage applied to the armature winding is varied to control the rotational speed of the rotor. 1 cycle (1 rotation) of is divided into multiple sections,
The rotation speed of the rotor in each of the divided sections is detected, an average value of the rotation speed is calculated, the difference between the rotation speed and the average value in each section is divided into a plurality of zones, and each divided zone is divided. Correct the rotation speed in each section,
In order to make the rotation speed in each section the average value,
A control method for a non-commutator motor, wherein a variable ratio of a voltage applied to the armature winding is changed. 3. A plurality of armature windings of the commutatorless motor, which detects the position of the rotor of the commutatorless motor for driving the compressor and based on the detected position signal (position detection signal). Of the commutatorless motor, which controls the rotation of the rotor of the commutatorless motor by switching the voltage applied to the motor, and controls the rotation speed of the commutatorless motor by varying the voltage applied to the armature winding. A control method, wherein when the load of the non-commutator motor changes within one cycle of the rotor of the non-commutator motor due to suction, compression and discharge operations of liquid in the compressor, rotation is performed by the position detection signal. One cycle (one rotation) of the child is divided into a plurality of sections, the rotation speed of the rotor in each of the divided sections is detected, an average value of the rotation speed is calculated, and the rotation speed and the average in each section are calculated. The same according to the difference with the value The rotation speed in each section can be maintained at the average value by changing the variable ratio of the voltage applied to the armature winding in order to correct the rotation speed in each section and set the rotation speed in each section to the average value. A method for controlling a commutatorless motor, which is characterized in that