JPH0787251B2 - Thermophotovoltaic generator - Google Patents
Thermophotovoltaic generatorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0787251B2 JPH0787251B2 JP62152753A JP15275387A JPH0787251B2 JP H0787251 B2 JPH0787251 B2 JP H0787251B2 JP 62152753 A JP62152753 A JP 62152753A JP 15275387 A JP15275387 A JP 15275387A JP H0787251 B2 JPH0787251 B2 JP H0787251B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- energy
- radiant
- radiator
- photoelectric conversion
- conversion element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、燃焼エネルギーを輻射エネルギーに変換する
と共に、この輻射エネルギーから発電を行う熱光発電装
置に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a thermophotovoltaic power generation device that converts combustion energy into radiant energy and generates power from this radiant energy.
［従来の技術］ 熱光発電とは、ガス等を燃焼させて輻射体を加熱し、こ
の輻射体からの輻射光を利用して光電変換素子により電
流をとり出す発電方式を云い、従来の各種発電方式に比
較して発電効率が高く、装置がコンパクトである等の特
徴を有している。[Prior Art] Thermophotovoltaic power generation refers to a power generation method in which a radiant body is heated by burning gas or the like and a radiant light from this radiant body is used to extract an electric current by a photoelectric conversion element. It has features such as higher power generation efficiency than the power generation method and compact device.
第３図は米国特許第4,584,426号として公知の熱光発電
装置を示すものであって、符号の50は燃料（イソブタ
ン）タンク、12はバーナ、10は被加熱輻射体、62〜66は
輻射光を集光する反射鏡、74は熱アイソレータ、70は結
晶シリコンから成る光電変換素子で、10の輻射体は、70
の光電変換素子が最も効率よく作動する波長１付近に急
俊な輻射分光特性を有する酸化イッテルビウムにより作
成されている。FIG. 3 shows a thermophotovoltaic power generator known as US Pat. No. 4,584,426, in which reference numeral 50 is a fuel (isobutane) tank, 12 is a burner, 10 is a heated radiator, and 62 to 66 are radiant lights. Is a reflecting mirror for condensing light, 74 is a thermal isolator, 70 is a photoelectric conversion element made of crystalline silicon, and 10 radiators are 70
Is made of ytterbium oxide having a sharp emission spectral characteristic in the vicinity of wavelength 1 where the photoelectric conversion element of 1 operates most efficiently.
［従来技術の課題］ しかし、上記の装置においては、輻射体加熱後の燃焼排
ガスが輻射体より高温になるため、熱エネルギーから輻
射エネルギーへの変換効率が低く、その結果発電効率に
限界がある ［課題を解決するための手段］ 本発明は、斯る点に鑑みて提案されるものであって、熱
エネルギーから輻射エネルギーへの変換効率を改善して
発電効率を向上させることを目的とし、その構成は以下
のとおりである。[Problems of the prior art] However, in the above device, since the combustion exhaust gas after heating the radiant body becomes higher in temperature than the radiant body, the conversion efficiency from heat energy to radiant energy is low, and as a result, there is a limit in power generation efficiency. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention is proposed in view of such a point, and an object thereof is to improve the conversion efficiency from thermal energy to radiant energy and improve the power generation efficiency, The structure is as follows.
1.多孔質固体を円筒状に形成してこの内部に排ガス排出
空間を形成して成る輻射体と、 前記輻射体を燃焼エネルギーにより外側から加熱して輻
射エネルギーを発生させると共に、前記輻射体内の排ガ
ス空間を経由して排気を行う加熱手段と、 前記輻射体で発生した輻射エネルギーを受けてこの輻射
エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換するために、前記輻
射体の外側に対向して配置された光電変換素子と、 から成る熱光発電装置。1. a radiant body formed by forming a porous solid into a cylindrical shape and forming an exhaust gas discharge space inside the radiant body, and heating the radiant body from the outside by combustion energy to generate radiant energy, and Heating means for exhausting gas through the exhaust gas space, and photoelectric conversion arranged to face the outside of the radiant body to receive the radiant energy generated by the radiant body and convert the radiant energy into electrical energy. A thermo-photovoltaic power generator consisting of an element.
2.光電変換素子の外側に輻射エネルギーを輻射体側に反
射するための反射体を配置して成る前記１記載の熱光発
電装置。2. The thermophotovoltaic power generation device according to the above 1, wherein a reflector for reflecting radiant energy to the radiator side is arranged outside the photoelectric conversion element.
［作用］ 上記装置にあってはガス等を燃焼させて輻射体を加熱
し、この輻射体の中央から排ガスを排出するようにする
と、輻射体は燃焼排ガスがその内部を通過する際、この
燃焼排ガスの温度を低下させ、かつその顕熱差の主要部
を低温受熱体を有する上流側に輻射エネルギーとして還
元する。光電変換素子はこの輻射エネルギーを電気エネ
ルギーに変換する。反射体は輻射体で吸収されずに透過
して来た輻射エネルギーを再度輻射体側に反射する。[Operation] In the above-mentioned device, when the gas is burned to heat the radiant body and the exhaust gas is discharged from the center of the radiant body, the radiant body burns the combustion exhaust gas when passing through the inside thereof. The temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered, and the main part of the sensible heat difference is reduced to the upstream side having the low temperature heat receiver as radiant energy. The photoelectric conversion element converts this radiant energy into electric energy. The reflector again reflects the radiant energy that has been transmitted without being absorbed by the radiator to the radiator side.
第１図は本発明に係る熱光発電装置を所謂トータルエネ
ルギーシステムに組み込んだ実施例の説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an embodiment in which the thermophotovoltaic power generation device according to the present invention is incorporated into a so-called total energy system.
この第１図において、１は燃料ガス（加熱手段）であっ
て、この燃料ガスはガスバーナ２に供給される。３は多
孔質固体例えばコージライト（2MgO・２Al2O3・５Si
O2）から成る輻射体であって、ガスバーナ２により発生
した熱エネルギーはこの輻射体３において輻射エネルギ
ー（輻射光）４に変換される。５は前記輻射エネルギー
４の輻射光を電力に変換する光電変換素子であって、こ
こで発生した電力６は直流のため、通常はインバータに
より交流に変換されて消費される。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a fuel gas (heating means), which is supplied to the gas burner 2. 3 is a porous solid such as cordierite (2MgO.2Al 2 O 3 .5Si)
The heat energy generated by the gas burner 2 is a radiant body made of O 2 ) and is converted into radiant energy (radiant light) 4 in the radiant body 3. Reference numeral 5 denotes a photoelectric conversion element for converting the radiant light of the radiant energy 4 into electric power. The electric power 6 generated here is direct current, and is usually converted into alternating current by an inverter and consumed.
第２図は、熱光発電装置の実施例であって、この熱光発
電装置は、円筒状に形成して内部に排ガス排出空間を形
成した多孔質固体製の輻射体３を中心に位置させ、この
外側に燃焼室19を形成し、更にこの燃焼室19の外側に真
空空間（又は空気予熱空間）20を形成し、この真空空間
20の外側に光電変換素子５を配置し、更にこの光電変換
素子５の素子５の外側に反射体21を配置し、更にこの反
射体21の外側に冷却水が流れる冷却水通路22を形成した
構成である。なお、反射体21は光電変換素子５に吸収さ
れない波長の輻射エネルギーを輻射体３側に戻してこの
輻射体３を加熱するための保温エネルギーをつくる機能
を有している。FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a thermophotovoltaic power generator, in which the radiator 3 made of a porous solid, which is formed in a cylindrical shape and has an exhaust gas discharge space formed therein, is located at the center. , A combustion chamber 19 is formed on the outside of the combustion chamber 19, and a vacuum space (or air preheating space) 20 is formed on the outside of the combustion chamber 19.
A photoelectric conversion element 5 is arranged outside the photoelectric conversion element 5, a reflector 21 is arranged outside the element 5 of the photoelectric conversion element 5, and a cooling water passage 22 through which cooling water flows is formed outside the reflector 21. It is a composition. The reflector 21 has a function of returning radiant energy having a wavelength that is not absorbed by the photoelectric conversion element 5 to the side of the radiant body 3 to generate heat retaining energy for heating the radiant body 3.
第１図において、７は前記輻射エネルギーのうち前記光
電変換素子５に吸収されず、輻射体３にも戻らない輻射
光、８は光電変換素子５からの放熱であって、これらの
熱は熱交換器10において水９を加熱し、この加熱された
水は給湯熱交換器15にて更に加熱されて給湯17に供せら
れる。In FIG. 1, 7 is radiant light that is not absorbed by the photoelectric conversion element 5 of the radiant energy and does not return to the radiator 3, and 8 is heat radiation from the photoelectric conversion element 5. The water 9 is heated in the exchanger 10, and the heated water is further heated in the hot water supply heat exchanger 15 and supplied to the hot water supply 17.
11は輻射体３からの排ガスであって、この排ガス11はバ
ーナ２の燃焼空気13を予熱熱交換器12で加熱して予熱空
気18を作り、更にこの後給湯熱交換器15で水を加熱した
あと排気16される。Reference numeral 11 denotes exhaust gas from the radiator 3, and the exhaust gas 11 heats the combustion air 13 of the burner 2 by the preheat heat exchanger 12 to produce preheated air 18, and then heats water by the hot water supply heat exchanger 15. After that, exhaust 16 is done.
排ガスの温度は、輻射体３で吸収される輻射エネルギー
と同等の顕熱に対応するだけ輻射体３より低くなってい
る。この排ガスの持つ顕熱は、前記のとおり給湯熱交換
器15で回収される。The temperature of the exhaust gas is lower than that of the radiator 3 by the amount of sensible heat equivalent to the radiation energy absorbed by the radiator 3. The sensible heat of this exhaust gas is recovered by the hot water supply heat exchanger 15 as described above.
本発明は輻射体３として多孔質固体を採用しており、こ
の多孔質固体としては前記実施例の他Si3N4、SiC、ジル
コニア（ZrO2）等が考えられる。In the present invention, a porous solid is adopted as the radiator 3, and as this porous solid, Si 3 N 4 , SiC, zirconia (ZrO 2 ) or the like can be considered in addition to the above-mentioned embodiment.
［発明の効果］ 本発明は以上のように、輻射体に多孔質固体を採用した
ことにより、排ガスがこの輻射体を通過する際、排ガス
の温度を低下させ、かつその顕熱差の主要部を低温受熱
体を有する上流側に輻射エネルギーとして還元するた
め、この還元に見合う分従来のものに比較して熱エネル
ギーから輻射エネルギーへの変換効率が高まり、発電効
率が向上する。[Advantages of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, by adopting the porous solid for the radiator, the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered when the exhaust gas passes through the radiator, and the main part of the sensible heat difference thereof. Is reduced as radiant energy to the upstream side having a low temperature heat receiver, the efficiency of conversion from heat energy to radiant energy is increased and power generation efficiency is improved as compared with the conventional one, in proportion to this reduction.
又、排熱を給湯及び燃焼空気の予熱に利用することによ
り、殆どの熱エネルギーは効率的に利用されるので、ト
ータルエネルギーシステム用としての応用にも道を開く
ことになる。Moreover, most of the heat energy is efficiently used by utilizing the exhaust heat for hot water supply and preheating of the combustion air, which opens the way to applications for total energy systems.
次に、光電変換素子の外側に反射体を配置することによ
り、光電変換素子に吸収されなかった熱エネルギーはこ
の反射体で反射されて再び輻射体に至り、これを加熱す
るので、この分変換効率が向上する。Next, by arranging a reflector on the outside of the photoelectric conversion element, the heat energy not absorbed by the photoelectric conversion element is reflected by this reflector and reaches the radiator again, which heats it. Efficiency is improved.
第１図は本発明に係る熱光発電装置をトータルエネルギ
ーシステムに実施した例の説明図、第２図は熱光発電装
置の断面図、第３図は公知の熱光発電装置の説明図であ
る。 ２…ガスバーナ ３…輻射体 ５…光電変換素子 21…反射体FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an example in which a thermophotovoltaic power generator according to the present invention is applied to a total energy system, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a thermophotovoltaic power generator, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a known thermophotovoltaic power generator. is there. 2 ... Gas burner 3 ... Radiator 5 ... Photoelectric conversion element 21 ... Reflector
Claims (2)
排ガス排出空間を形成して成る輻射体と、 前記輻射体を燃焼エネルギーにより外側から加熱して輻
射エネルギーを発生させると共に、前記輻射体内の排ガ
ス空間を経由して排気を行う加熱手段と、 前記輻射体で発生した輻射エネルギーを受けてこの輻射
エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換するために、前記輻
射体の外側に対向して配置された光電変換素子と、 から成る熱光発電装置。1. A radiant body formed by forming a porous solid into a cylindrical shape and forming an exhaust gas discharge space inside the radiant body, and heating the radiant body from outside by combustion energy to generate radiant energy, and Heating means for exhausting air through the exhaust gas space in the radiator, and arranged to face the outside of the radiator to receive the radiation energy generated in the radiator and convert the radiation energy into electric energy. Photoelectric conversion element, and a thermophotovoltaic power generation device.
射体側に反射するための反射体を配置して成る請求項１
記載の熱光発電装置。2. A reflector for reflecting radiant energy to the radiator side is arranged outside the photoelectric conversion element.
The thermophotovoltaic power generator described.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62152753A JPH0787251B2 (en) | 1987-06-19 | 1987-06-19 | Thermophotovoltaic generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62152753A JPH0787251B2 (en) | 1987-06-19 | 1987-06-19 | Thermophotovoltaic generator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63316486A JPS63316486A (en) | 1988-12-23 |
| JPH0787251B2 true JPH0787251B2 (en) | 1995-09-20 |
Family
ID=15547413
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62152753A Expired - Lifetime JPH0787251B2 (en) | 1987-06-19 | 1987-06-19 | Thermophotovoltaic generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0787251B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5403405A (en) * | 1992-06-30 | 1995-04-04 | Jx Crystals, Inc. | Spectral control for thermophotovoltaic generators |
| US6284969B1 (en) | 1997-05-15 | 2001-09-04 | Jx Crystals Inc. | Hydrocarbon fired thermophotovoltaic furnace |
| US6037536A (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 2000-03-14 | Jx Crystals Inc. | TPV fireplace insert or TPV indoor heating stove |
| US6232545B1 (en) | 1998-08-06 | 2001-05-15 | Jx Crystals Inc. | Linear circuit designs for solar photovoltaic concentrator and thermophotovoltaic applications using cell and substrate materials with matched coefficients of thermal expansion |
| US6303853B1 (en) | 1998-08-06 | 2001-10-16 | Jx Crystals Inc. | Shingle circuits for thermophotovoltaic systems |
| JP2000106001A (en) * | 1998-09-28 | 2000-04-11 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Operation method of thermal excitation luminescence, thermal excitation luminescent device, and thermal photovoltaic power generating device |
| US6177628B1 (en) | 1998-12-21 | 2001-01-23 | Jx Crystals, Inc. | Antireflection coated refractory metal matched emitters for use in thermophotovoltaic generators |
| US6271461B1 (en) | 2000-04-03 | 2001-08-07 | Jx Crystals Inc. | Antireflection coated refractory metal matched emitters for use in thermophotovoltaic generators |
| JP4710161B2 (en) | 2001-04-13 | 2011-06-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Thermolight generator |
| JP4538981B2 (en) * | 2001-04-23 | 2010-09-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Thermolight generator |
| US6489553B1 (en) | 2001-05-30 | 2002-12-03 | Jx Crystals Inc. | TPV cylindrical generator for home cogeneration |
| JP4635388B2 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2011-02-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Thermolight generator |
| WO2003034507A1 (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2003-04-24 | Jx Crystals Inc. | Tpv cylindrical generator for home cogeneration using low nox radiant tube burner |
| JP4244549B2 (en) | 2001-11-13 | 2009-03-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Photoelectric conversion element and manufacturing method thereof |
| US7388146B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2008-06-17 | Jx Crystals Inc. | Planar solar concentrator power module |
| JP3788405B2 (en) | 2002-08-01 | 2006-06-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Thermolight generator |
| US7994417B1 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2011-08-09 | Jx Crystals Inc. | Optimal cell selection for series connection in Cassegrain PV module |
-
1987
- 1987-06-19 JP JP62152753A patent/JPH0787251B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63316486A (en) | 1988-12-23 |
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