JPH0786752B2 - Touch parameter generator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a touch response function.
The present invention relates to a touch parameter generation device used for an electronic musical instrument having the following .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An electronic keyboard instrument with a touch response function for evaluating a key operation and controlling a sound source using the evaluated touch data is already known. Generally, in this kind of electronic keyboard musical instrument, one or more contact switches are arranged corresponding to each key of the keyboard. For example, in a model that uses a two-contact switch as a contact switch, the state of the two-contact switch changes as follows according to the key operation state. First, in the normal state where the key is released, the movable piece of the two-contact switch is in contact with the first fixed contact. With the key depression, the movable piece of the two-contact switch separates from the first fixed contact. When the key is further pushed and the displacement of the key exceeds a certain level, the movable piece of the two-contact switch comes into contact with the second fixed contact. The touch data generation device measures the time until the movable piece of the two-contact switch moves away from the first fixed contact and moves to the second fixed contact. This measurement result represents the key pressing speed, and is used as the initial touch data for controlling the sound source. Due to the structure of the contact switch, the above 2
The key displacement when the movable piece of the contact switch begins to separate from the first fixed contact is substantially constant, and although the magnitude of the displacement is different, the key displacement when the movable piece contacts the second fixed contact. Is almost constant.

[0003]

As described above, in the conventional touch data generating apparatus, only the key pressing speed is measured as the initial performance touch. However, it is clear that key depression speed is not the only performance touch. In other words, the key depression speed only represents one aspect or feature of the key depression touch. Therefore, by measuring data representing other aspects and controlling the sound source by using this as a play touch or one parameter of the play touch, it is possible to obtain a musical tone with a touch response effect which has not been present in the past. Is possible. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a touch parameter generation device capable of extracting such a performance touch parameter.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention operates continuously variable performance operation information.
Operation displacement data that outputs operation displacement data according to displacement
Output from this operation displacement data output means using output means
The peak of the operation displacement data is detected and
Operation displacement data output from operation displacement data output means
Has exceeded the multiple thresholds set by the setting means.
Separately, when each threshold is exceeded
Start counting the elapsed time for each of the
Touch parameters for controlling pronunciation characteristics
It is characterized by outputting as a data .

[0005]

[Operation, Development] According to the above configuration, first, it is continuously variable
The peak of the operation displacement of the performance operation information
Detected in. The size of this peak varies depending on the manner of performance operation, and represents one characteristic element of performance touch . And moreover, this performance operation
Whether the operating status has exceeded multiple arbitrarily set thresholds
Is determined, and when it is exceeded, after each threshold is exceeded
The elapsed time of each of the
Is output as a performance touch parameter for tone control. Therefore, the performance intention included in the performance touch by the performer can be reflected in the generated musical sound, and the musical sound expression that the conventional technique cannot achieve can be realized. In addition, the above
Since a desired value can be set arbitrarily, the degree to which the performance touch is reflected in the musical sound can be freely controlled by the player, and the optimum touch response effect for the player can be obtained.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram when the present invention is applied to an electronic keyboard instrument. This electronic keyboard instrument has a keyboard and an input device 1 which is arranged corresponding to each key of the keyboard as a performance input means and detects a displacement of each key. The analog key displacement signal AS from the input device 1 is time-divisionally A / D scanned by the A / D converter 2 to be converted into a corresponding digital signal DS, and further averaged by the data converter 3, and its digital output. The TD is input to the microprocessor 4 as the touch data generation device and the musical tone control means.

The memory 5 stores programs, parameters, etc. necessary for generating playing touch parameters and controlling musical sounds generated by the tone generator device 10, so that desired parameters can be selected according to a selection signal SS from the switch 6. It has become.

On the other hand, the memory 7 is an operation buffer of comparison reference data (threshold value) for the key displacement data TD,
The setting input from the threshold setting unit 8 via the A / D converter 9 and the threshold data calculated from this setting input are written in the memory 7. The content TB of the memory 7 is read by the microprocessor 4 for comparison with the key displacement data TD.

The microprocessor 4 extracts performance touch parameters from the data TD representing the key displacement from the data converter 3 and the threshold data TB set in the memory 7. Further, the microprocessor 4 extracts the performance touch parameters extracted and the tone parameter TA from the memory 5.
To generate tone control data TS based on
, And controls the sound source device 10 accordingly. The tone generator 10 generates a musical tone signal MD according to the transmitted musical tone control data TS and outputs it to an output device 11 including an amplifier, a speaker and the like. The output device 11 amplifies the sent tone signal MD and outputs it as a tone MT to the outside.

The mechanism and circuit configuration of the input device 1 are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. In FIG. 2, the key 2-1 of the keyboard
Can swing up and down about the fulcrum 2-2. A rack 2-3 is attached to the key 2-1 and a pinion 2-4 having teeth that mesh with the teeth of the rack 2-3 is provided as illustrated. A variable resistor 2-5 as a key displacement sensor is attached to the shaft 2-4a of the pinion 2-4.
Is attached, and the displacement of the key 2-1 is detected as the resistance value of the variable resistor 2-5.
That is, the variable resistor 2-5 for each key 2-1 is shown in FIG.
They are connected in a matrix as shown in, and time division A
During the / D scan, a constant power source is sequentially connected to each row 1 of this matrix circuit and applied to one end of the variable resistor 2-5. As a result, an analog voltage corresponding to the key displacement is generated at the other end of each variable resistor 2-5. The analog voltage for one row is multiplexed through an analog multiplexer (not shown) and then input to the A / D converter 2 and converted into a digital value.

FIG. 4A illustrates the profile of the key displacement signal AS detected by the variable resistor 2-5. As shown, the displacement of the key changes continuously with time. FIG. 4B shows a profile of the output TD of the data conversion unit 3 with respect to the key displacement signal shown in FIG. 4A. In the figure, xl represents a threshold value for identifying whether or not an operation on the key has started, x _m represents a second threshold value, x _h represents a third threshold value, and x _max
Represents the peak of the key displacement data.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the configuration of the threshold value setting section 8.
The illustrated threshold value setting unit 8 is composed of three slide type volumes 5-1, 5-2 and 5-3, and the value of each volume is sequentially converted by the A / D converter 9 cyclically and is converted into a micro value. It is designed to be read by the processor 4.

FIG. 6 shows the flow of the threshold value setting process executed by the microprocessor 4. First, step S-1
Then, the volume counter i is initialized to 1, and the A / D of the i (= 1) th volume 5-1 is set in the next step S-2.
The converted data is read and stored in the x _i register (in the memory 7). In the following steps S-3 to S-6,

[Equation 1] Is calculated and the result is stored in the DTi register. Repeat the process S-2~S-6 above until i = 1 to 3, by executing (S-7), xl in Fig _4, x m, correspond to _{x h} 3 thresholds data DT1 , DT2,
Got DT3. In the case of this example, DT1, DT2, DT
3 has a relationship of DT1 ≦ DT2 ≦ DT3.

Next, with reference to FIG. 7, a process of generating performance touch parameters will be described. By this processing, FIG.
In the key displacement data TD for one key operation shown in (b), the number Fm of data exceeding x _m and the number Fh of data exceeding x _h are measured. Further, when the data exceeds the threshold value x _h , the peak data x _max is extracted as the performance touch parameter.

More specifically, the microprocessor 4
For any one key 2-1 at the time of shifting to the key operation start detection mode, three registers Fl, Fm, Fh
Is cleared (A-1), and the threshold DT1 for starting key depression set in the flow of FIG. 6 is loaded into xl (A-2).
Then, the key displacement data TD relating to the key is read into Di (A-3), it is checked whether the value exceeds the threshold xl for starting key depression (A-4), and the threshold xl is reached. If not, the process returns to step A-3.

When it is detected in step A-4 that the key displacement data Di exceeds the threshold value xl for starting key depression, the key on / off flag Fl is set to the on value "1" (A-5). , The second threshold value DT2 is loaded into the register x _m (A-6), and the microprocessor 4 enters the performance touch parameter generation mode.

First, as shown in steps A-7 to A-11, data Di of key displacement exceeding the second threshold value x _m is obtained.
The number Fm is counted. Furthermore, when the key displacement data Di exceeds the set third threshold value x _h (= DT3), (A
-10), the counter Fh is incremented (A-1
2) As shown in steps A-13 to A-17, the peak key displacement data x _max is extracted. The peak key displacement data x _max is the key displacement data Di of the previous time and this time,
Regarding D _{i + 1} , the key displacement is determined by the previous key displacement data Di when the key displacement is reduced to D _{i + 1} ≦ Di.

When the key displacement data becomes smaller than x _m , a comparison is made with a threshold xl at the end of the key displacement (A-
(7, A-18, A-19) When it becomes lower than the threshold value xl, the key-on / off flag Fl is returned to the off value "0" (A-20).

Although not shown in FIG. 7, while the key-on / off flag Fl is on, the values of Fm and Fh are periodically examined and used as musical performance touch parameters for musical tone control. Further, even when the peak x _max key displacement is determined, the tone parameters TS is generated using the values are transferred to the tone generator 10, tone control by playing touch parameters x _max peaks are executed .

These performance touch parameters Fm, F
The tone control by h and x _max can take various modes. For example, in the application to volume control, the performance touch parameter can be used as change data of the amplitude envelope parameter (envelope level, rate) of a musical tone. In addition, in the application to tone color control, it can be used to control the mixture ratio of the spectrum of a musical tone, and in the case of pitch control, it is possible to select whether or not to apply portamento, or to control the speed of portamento when portamento is applied. Available for Although the description of the embodiment has been completed, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications and changes can be easily made.

For example, in the above embodiment, the keyboard and the sensor 2-5 for detecting the displacement of each key of the keyboard are used as the performance input means. However, in the case of being applied to an electronic wind instrument, the mouthpiece and the breath passing through the mouthpiece are used. Alternatively, a breath sensor that detects inhalation can be used as a performance input means, and when applied to an electronic stringed instrument, a converter that picks up the strings and the vibration of the strings, or a choking sensor or a tremolo arm that detects choking to the strings. It can be configured with a tremolo sensor that detects the displacement of the tremolo arm. In short, the performance input means may be any means for inputting or detecting a continuously variable performance operation state.

[0022]

As it is evident from the foregoing description, in this invention, continuous
Peak detection of operation displacement of variable performance operation information
Means that the performance operation status is
Determined whether or not the specified thresholds have been exceeded, and exceeded
Sometimes counts the elapsed time since each threshold was exceeded
The counting result and the above peaks are output as performance touch parameters for musical tone control, so the characteristics of performance operations can be extracted from a new aspect, and a touch response performance with a richer expression than ever before is realized. It is possible to provide a touch parameter generation device that responds in a manner that is optimal for the player.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram when the present invention is applied to an electronic keyboard instrument.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a key mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a matrix circuit of a variable resistor as a key displacement sensor.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a profile of a key displacement signal input from an input device.

FIG. 5 is a layout view of a threshold setting unit.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of threshold setting processing executed by a microprocessor.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of touch data generation executed by a microprocessor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Input Device 2-1 Key 2-5 Variable Resistor 4 Microprocessor 8 Threshold Setting Section

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An operation displacement of continuously changing performance operation information.
Operation displacement data output that outputs operation displacement data according to
Means and the operation displacement data output from the operation displacement data output means.
Peak detecting means for detecting the peak of the data , setting means for setting a plurality of threshold values, and operation displacement data output from the operation displacement data output means.
Whether the data exceeds the thresholds set by the above setting means
If each threshold is exceeded, the threshold is exceeded.
Counting means for starting counting of the respective elapsed time from
And the peaks detected by the peak detection means and the respective counts
To control the pronunciation characteristics of the counting result counted by the means
Touch parameter output to output as the touch parameter of
Touch parameter generating apparatus, comprising: the power means.