JPH0778394B2 - Oil separation mechanism in vane compressor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a space between a peripheral surface of a rotor rotatably housed in a cylinder sandwiched between a front side plate and a rear side plate and an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder. The space is divided into a plurality of compression chambers by a plurality of vanes, and the rotation of the rotor sucks, compresses, and discharges the refrigerant gas, while separating the oil from the discharge chamber around the cylinder through the discharge passage on the rear side plate. The present invention relates to an oil separation mechanism in a vane compressor that discharges refrigerant gas into a chamber.

[Prior Art] In a configuration in which the oil pool section below the oil separation chamber is connected to the bottom of the vane housing groove, and the discharge pressure of the oil separation chamber is transmitted as back pressure to the vane via oil, the amount of oil stored in the oil pool section Is insufficient to reduce the compression efficiency. Further, poor lubrication of the sliding contact portion, which is caused by the oil supply to the bottom of the vane housing groove, cannot be avoided. Therefore, it is necessary to efficiently reduce the mist-like oil contained in the refrigerant gas to the oil pool section. Therefore, the actual exploitation 61-6229
In the oil separation mechanism disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6, a shield plate for guiding the refrigerant gas flow downward is provided in front of the outlet of the discharge passage on the rear side plate that connects the discharge chamber around the cylinder and the oil separation chamber. In addition, the winding prevention plate is arranged below the shielding plate. As a result, the mist-like oil is separated by blowing the refrigerant gas to the shield plate, and the direct blowing of the downward refrigerant gas flow onto the oil storage surface is blocked by the hoisting prevention plate. When the refrigerant gas flow blows directly onto the oil storage surface, the stored oil is rolled up by the refrigerant gas flow, and the amount of oil storage is immediately insufficient.

As another oil separation mechanism having another structure, for example, there is one in which the periphery of the outlet of the discharge passage is surrounded by a curved plate, a partition is arranged in front of the outlet of the discharge passage, and a slit is provided in the lower portion of the curved plate. The refrigerant gas is guided along the inner peripheral surface of the curved plate, and the separated oil drops downward from the slit.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the former mechanism, although the anti-winding plate blocks the refrigerant gas flow directed downward, the flow velocity of the discharged refrigerant gas is high in the high-speed rotation region of the compressor, so that the oil storage The blowing action of the refrigerant gas flow on the surface is large, and the amount of rolled-up stored oil is large. Moreover, as the flow velocity of the refrigerant gas increases, the oil separating action of the shielding plate also decreases, resulting in poor oil reduction efficiency. Therefore, in the high-speed rotation region, a shortage of oil storage is unavoidable.

The latter mechanism has a drawback in that the refrigerant gas and the oil are vigorously stirred in the surrounding area, and in the high-speed rotation area, the oil is carried out of the compressor together with the refrigerant gas before being separated.

An object of the present invention is to provide an oil separation mechanism capable of suppressing the hoisting of stored oil while improving the oil separation efficiency.

[Means for Solving the Problem] Therefore, according to the present invention, the discharge refrigerant gas flow is guided to both sides in front of the outlet of the discharge passage in the rear side plate that connects the discharge chamber around the cylinder and the oil separation chamber. A shield is installed on each side of the deflector, and a wind-up prevention member is installed below the area between the shields. However, the left and right shields are each provided with a guide shape that directs the downward direction of the refrigerant gas flow to the vicinity of the center of the wind-up prevention body.

[Operation] The refrigerant gas discharged from the outlet of the discharge passage to the oil separation chamber blows against the deflector and is split into left and right by the deflector. The refrigerant gas flow that has split into the left and right strikes the left and right shield plates, and is split up and down by the shield plates. Due to this blow, the flow velocity of the refrigerant gas is reduced, and the mist-like oil is separated. The downward flow is directed near the center of the wind-up prevention plate by the guide shape of the shield plate, and the downward refrigerant gas flows from both the left and right shield plates collide with the roll-up prevention plate and collide with each other near the center of the horizontal direction. Fit. Due to this collision, the flow velocity of the refrigerant gas is further reduced, and the mist-like oil is separated, so that the oil separation efficiency is improved.
The refrigerant gas whose speed has decreased on the anti-winding plate flows along the anti-winding plate, and a part of the refrigerant gas blows against the oil storage surface below the anti-winding plate. However, since the flow velocity of the refrigerant gas blown onto the oil storage surface is sufficiently reduced, the hoisting of the stored oil is appropriately suppressed.

[Embodiment] An embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a variable capacity vane compressor will be described below with reference to FIGS.

Side plates 4 and 5 are closely adhered to both front and rear ends of a cylinder 3 housed and fixed in a pair of front and rear housings 1 and 2. As shown in FIG. A cylindrical rotor 6 is rotatably supported. A plurality of grooves 7 are formed in the radial direction on the peripheral surface of the rotor 6, and a vane 8 is formed in each groove 7 on both front and rear side plates.
It is fitted and supported in close contact with 4,5 so as to be slidable in a substantially radial direction.

An oil separation chamber R is formed between the rear housing 1 and the rear side plate 5, and an oil pool portion Rp is provided below the oil separation chamber R. The groove 7 communicates with the oil pool portion Rp via the supply passage 5a in the rear side plate 5, and the oil in the oil pool portion Rp is connected to the groove 7
Can be supplied to the bottom of the. As a result, each vane 8 can come into contact with the circumferential surface of the cylinder chamber due to the centrifugal force associated with the rotation of the rotor 6 and the hydraulic pressure at the bottom of the groove 7, and the cylinder chamber has a plurality of vanes 8 to provide a plurality of compression chambers P ₁ , _It is divided into ₂ sections.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the cylinder 3 has a pair of suction passages 9,1.
0 is axially penetrated at the axisymmetric position, and a pair of discharge chambers 3a, 3b is formed between the rear housing 2 and the cylinder 3 at the axisymmetric position. Suction passages 9 and 10 are suction ports 1
It is connected to the cylinder chamber through 1,12, and discharge chambers 3a, 3
The b is communicated with the cylinder chamber through the discharge ports 13 and 14.
The discharge ports 13 and 14 are openably closed by discharge valves 15 and 16, and both discharge chambers 3a and 3b are connected to an oil separation chamber R through discharge passages 5b and 5c penetrating the rear side plate 5. ing. Therefore, the refrigerant gas introduced into the suction chamber 1a between the front housing 1 and the front side plate 4 is introduced into the cylinder chamber through the suction passages 4a and 4b of the front side plate 4 and the suction passages 9 and 10, and then, Discharge port 1
Refrigerant gas discharged to the discharge chambers 3a and 3b by pushing the discharge valves 15 and 16 away from 3,14 and the oil separation chamber R via the discharge passages 5b and 5c.
Is discharged to.

In the oil separation chamber R, a flow path forming member 19 and a deflector 20 which form an oil separation mechanism are fixed to the rear side plate 5 together by screws 21. Through-holes 19a, 19b are formed in the portion of the flow path forming body 19 corresponding to the outlets of the discharge passages 5b, 5c, and a deflector 20 having a U-shaped side cross section is provided in front of both through-holes 19a, 19b. It is arranged.

A pair of shield plates 22 and 23, which are a part of the flow path forming member 19, are arranged facing each other on both the left and right sides of the deflector 20 in an upright state, and below the region between the shield plates 22 and 23. Is a part of the flow path forming member 19, and the winding prevention plate 24 is the oil pool portion Rp.
Is arranged so as to cover. The hoisting prevention plate 24 is formed in a shape that descends and inclines to the left and right, and the guide surfaces 22a and 23a are inclined so as to point toward the center side of the hoisting prevention plate 24 on the lower side of the facing surface of both the shielding plates 22 and 23. Has been formed.

As shown by the arrow P in FIG. 1, the refrigerant gas discharged from the discharge passages 5b, 5c to the oil separation chamber R hits the front wall of the deflector 20 and is divided into substantially equal parts left and right, and the refrigerant gas split left and right is shown in FIG. As shown by arrow Q in FIG. Due to the collision with the shield plates 22 and 23, the flow velocity of the refrigerant gas is reduced, and a part of the mist-like oil in the refrigerant gas is separated and dropped. The separated and dropped oil is returned to the oil pool portion Rp from between the left and right ends of the roll-up prevention plate 24 and the inner peripheral surface of the rear housing 2. The diverted gas in the upward direction exits from the outlet 2a to the external refrigerant gas circuit, and the diverted gas in the downward direction is guided by the guide surfaces 22a, 23a as indicated by an arrow S in FIG.
Is directed toward the vicinity of the center in the left and right of the hoisting prevention plate 24.

The refrigerant gas flows that are guided and deflected by the left and right shielding plates 22 and 23 to the vicinity of the center of the hoisting prevention plate 24 collide with the hoisting prevention plate 24 and collide with each other, and the flow velocity further decreases. Due to this decrease in the flow velocity, the mist-like oil in the refrigerant gas is further separated and dropped, and together with the oil separation due to the collision of the refrigerant gas with the shield plates 22 and 23, the separation efficiency becomes extremely high. Guide
The refrigerant gas flow guided downward by 22a, 23a goes to the center side of the hoisting prevention plate 24 and does not directly collide with the oil storage surface of the oil pool portion Rp. The refrigerant gas flow toward the oil pool portion Rp is a part of the refrigerant gas flow that has been decelerated on the hoisting prevention plate 24, and therefore the proportion of the stored oil in the oil pool portion Rp being hoisted by the refrigerant gas flow is lower than before. However, combined with the good oil separation efficiency, the oil pool section
The reduction of the stored oil of Rp is moderately suppressed.

Further, by tilting the anti-winding plate 24 downwardly to the left and right, stirring of the refrigerant gas on the anti-winding plate 24 is suppressed, and oil separation on the anti-winding plate 24 is more effectively performed.

A curve C _{1 in} FIG. 6 shows the oil level in the oil pool portion Rp of the present embodiment, and the oil storage amount is kept substantially constant even in the high speed rotation region of the compressor. A curve C ₂ indicated by a chain line represents an oil level change by the conventional oil separation mechanism, and the difference from this example is obvious. The good oil storage amount maintaining action as in the present embodiment eliminates oil shortage between the bottom of the groove 7 that accommodates the vane 8 and the oil pool portion Rp, and maintains good pressure transmission to the bottom of the vane 8. As a result, the compression efficiency does not decrease, and the lubrication failure does not occur in the sliding contact portion due to the oil supply to the bottom of the groove 7.

In this embodiment, an annular capacity control plate 25 is rotatably interposed between the rotor 6 and the front side plate 4, and a pair of pressure chambers S ₁ and S via a spool 26 shown in FIG.
_The capacity control plate 25 is controlled to rotate by the pressure resistance between the _two, and a pair of auxiliary passages 25 on the capacity control plate 25
A (only one is shown) is provided so as to connect the suction passage 4a and the cylinder chamber. Therefore, by rotating the capacity control plate 25, the communication period between the compression chambers P ₁ and P ₂ and the auxiliary passage 25a is changed, whereby the suction capacity into the cylinder chamber, that is, the discharge chamber 3a, 3b is discharged. Capacity is suppressed. This control is performed by supplying the discharge refrigerant gas to the pressure chamber S ₂ and the oil supply to the pressure chamber S ₁ from the oil pool portion Rp, but in this embodiment, the amount of oil stored in the oil pool portion Rp is maintained at an appropriate level. The rotation control of the control plate 25 is appropriately performed, and good capacity variable control is performed.

The present invention is of course not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, but the embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 are also possible.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the flat shield plates 27, 28 are formed so as to be inclined so that they open up toward the upper side, and the refrigerant gas colliding with the shield plates 27, 28 flows slightly upward. Shield 27,28
The refrigerant gas flow diverted downward due to this is directed toward the vicinity of the center of the hoisting prevention plate 24 as in the above-mentioned embodiment, and direct collision with the oil pool portion Rp is prevented and the refrigerant gas flow is decelerated.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the lower sides of the shielding plates 29 and 30 are inclined so as to be directed toward the vicinity of the center in the left-right direction of the anti-winding plate 24, and the upper side is inclined inward, and the upper and lower boundaries are deflected. It is set on the left and right extension lines of 20. Therefore, the deceleration action of the shield plates 29, 30 is greater than that in each of the above-described embodiments, and the oil separation effect is further enhanced.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the shield plates 31, 32 are formed in an arc shape, and the downward branch of the refrigerant gas colliding with the shield plates 31, 32 is directed toward the center of the wind-up prevention plate 33. A plurality of through holes 33a are provided at both left and right ends of the anti-winding plate 33, and the refrigerant gas flow along the anti-winding plate 33 is decelerated by the through holes 33a, and the efficiency of oil separation is improved.

Further, in the present invention, a flat wind-up prevention plate is arranged in the horizontal direction, and as shown in FIG. 10, the deflector 35 and the left and right shield plates 3 are provided with respect to the flow path forming body 19 having only the wind-up prevention plate 24.
An embodiment in which an integral member with 6,37 is assembled is also possible. In addition, 34 is an auxiliary plate for forming a flow path, and a protruding piece on the lower side thereof.
34a and the projection 35a at the bottom of the deflector 35 are spot-welded.

Further, according to the present invention, an embodiment in which the deflector is integrally formed with the shielding plate and the roll-up prevention plate, or the shield plate and the roll-up prevention plate are separately formed is also possible.

The present invention can also be applied to a vane compressor that does not have a variable capacity mechanism.

[Advantages of the Invention] As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the discharged refrigerant gas flow is distributed right and left by the deflector in front of the outlet of the discharge passage in the rear side plate, and the distributed refrigerant gas flow is separated by the left and right shields. In addition to splitting vertically, the splitting downward is directed toward the center of the wind-up prevention plate, so the refrigerant gas flow is slowed down by the shielding plate, and the splitting gas downward does not directly collide with the oil storage surface. Thus, an excellent effect is obtained in which oil separation due to gas flow deceleration and oil winding from the oil pool portion are appropriately suppressed.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 6 show an embodiment embodying the present invention.
The figure is a side sectional view of the entire compressor, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of essential parts, and FIG. 4 is B of FIG.
-B line sectional view, FIG. 5 is a CC line sectional view of FIG. 1, FIG.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing changes in oil level, and FIGS. 7 to 10 are exploded perspective views of essential parts showing other examples of the present invention. Rear side plate 5, discharge passages 5b, 5c, flow passage forming body 1
9, deflector 20, shielding plate 22,23,27,28,29,30,31,32,
Winding prevention plates 24 and 33, oil separation chamber R.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A space between a peripheral surface of a rotor rotatably housed in a cylinder sandwiched between a front side plate and a rear side plate and an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder is divided into a plurality of compression chambers by a plurality of vanes. In the vane compressor for forming, sucking, compressing and discharging the refrigerant gas by rotating the rotor, and discharging the refrigerant gas from the discharge chamber around the cylinder to the oil separation chamber through the discharge passage in the rear side plate, In front of the outlet of the discharge passage, a deflector that guides the discharged refrigerant gas flow to both sides is arranged, and shields that distribute the refrigerant gas flow divided by the deflector vertically are arranged on the left and right sides of the deflector, respectively. At the same time, a wind-up prevention body is placed below the area between the shields, and the left and right shields are wound up in the downward direction of the refrigerant gas shunt. Oil separation mechanism in the vane compressor set the guide shape to direct to the left and right around the center of the anti-bodies.