JPH0774483B2 - Roadbed ballast compaction device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a roadbed ballast compaction device for packing ballast under sleepers in rail rail maintenance work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A pickaxe has been traditionally used for compacting roadbed ballasts, but the work efficiency is poor,
Since the labor burden is extremely large,
Allow the operator to artificially compact the ballast using a handy type tie tamper, or use a multiple tie tamper that incorporates multiple compaction claws in the self-propelled vehicle,
It is usual to automatically compact the crow.

[0003]

However, in the compaction method using the handy type tie tamper, the ballast is packed only from one side of the sleeper, so that the work can be performed easily, but the width of the sleeper is taken as a noise pollution countermeasure. Combined with the fact that the ball tends to be wide, the ballas cannot be sufficiently packed under the sleepers.

On the other hand, in the compaction method using the multiple tie tamper, the opposing compaction claws sandwiching the sleeper are automatically moved closer to each other so that the ballast is packed from both sides of the sleeper. However, since a very large amount of energy is required to compact the ballast, the running cost is high and it is not profitable when performing rail maintenance of several hundred meters.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a compaction device for a ballast ballast that can perform ballast packing satisfactorily and economically with a small amount of energy. is there.

[0006]

A compacting device for a ballast ballast according to the present invention, which solves this problem, has a main body frame which is attached to an elevator and is operated to move up and down, and a compacting claw at its lower end.
A pair of left and right compacting claw members suspended from the main body frame so as to swing left and right, and a claw interposed between the compacting claw members and the main body frame to move the compacting claws facing left and right to separate from each other. An operating mechanism and a pair of left and right vibration motors, which are attached to each compacting claw member and rotate in opposite directions, are provided, and the claw operating mechanism and each compacting claw member are fitted to one of the two. The fixed annular rubber body is connected by inserting the connecting pin provided on the other side in a state where it can be displaced vertically and horizontally relative to each other within the elastic deformation range of the rubber body. The hard claw is configured so that it can be two-dimensionally vibrated vertically and horizontally by a vibration motor.

[0007]

When each vibrating motor is driven, the connecting pin relatively displaces within the elastic deformation range of the rubber body, so that each compacting claw member and therefore each compacting claw is vibrated vertically and horizontally. Therefore, when the compaction claws are made to descend into the ballast layer on the left and right sides of the sleeper and the compaction claws are two-dimensionally vibrated, the ballast is vibrated, and when the vibration becomes a certain frequency or more (generally 45 Hz or more), Balas becomes semi-fluid. That is, the energy is transmitted from the compaction claw to the ballast very efficiently.

Therefore, after the ballast in the ballast layer portion into which the compaction claw has entered is in a semi-fluid state, the compaction claws facing left and right are made to approach each other by the claw operating mechanism (hereinafter referred to as "compacting direction"). ), The ballast can be satisfactorily packed under the sleepers with a small amount of energy. At this time, since the compaction claws are vertically and horizontally oscillated in two dimensions, the ballast is uniformly and tightly packed under the sleepers, and the ballast is properly compacted.

[0009] Then, when the portion of the loose layer in which the compaction claw has entered is compacted in this way, the portion of the loose layer below this portion of the loose layer (hereinafter referred to as the "compacted layer portion") (hereinafter " (Hereinafter referred to as the "compacting layer portion"), the unconsolidated layer portion is semi-fluidized by the two-dimensional vibration of the compacting nail in the same manner as described above, and then the compacting nail is removed. It is moved in the compaction direction by the claw movement mechanism and compacted. After that, the entire ballast layer is compacted by repeating the descending of the compacting claw and the operation in the compacting direction.

However, when the compacting claw is lowered from the compacting layer portion to the unconsolidated layer portion, if the compacting claw member is two-dimensionally vibrated, the compacting claw is smoothly moved to the unconsolidated layer portion. Cannot be invaded. That is, when the compaction claw member is vibrating in the left-right direction orthogonal to the intrusion direction, the deeper the unconsolidated layer portion into which the compaction claw is to penetrate is, the greater the passage resistance due to the ballast layer becomes. Because. In this case, if the pressing force of the compaction claw is increased by the elevator and the compaction claw is forced to enter from the compaction layer part to the non-compaction layer part, the coupling part of the compaction claw or the compaction claw member is Etc. may be damaged,
In practice, it is impossible to push the compaction claw into the unconsolidated layer portion.

However, in the compacting device of the present invention, the following action allows the intrusion of the compacting claw from the compacted layer portion to the unconsolidated layer portion very smoothly.

That is, when the ballast layer portion is compacted to become the compaction layer portion, the compaction claw does not move in the compaction direction even when the pawl operating mechanism is activated, and each compaction pawl member has a pawl movement. The moment when the mechanism tries to rotate in the compaction direction and the moment in the opposite direction received from the compacted ball act, so that the connecting pin moves to the position where the rubber body is compressed to a state where it cannot be elastically deformed. It will be relatively displaced. In this state, the relative displacement of each connecting pin is prevented, and each compaction claw member and the claw operation mechanism are fixedly coupled, and both compaction claw members are integrated via the claw operation mechanism and the main body frame. Will be realized. In other words, the two fastening claw members, the claw operating mechanism, and the main body frame are an integrated structure, and the vibrations of the two vibration motors are synchronized with each other due to the nature of the vibration motor. As a result, since the rotation directions of the two vibration motors are opposite to each other, the vertical vibrations acting on both the fastening claw members are synchronized and become strong, but the horizontal vibrations cancel each other and disappear. . That is, only the vertical vibration force acts on the compaction claw member.

Therefore, the vibrating force in the vertical direction allows the compaction claw to smoothly and easily enter from the compacted layer portion to the unconsolidated portion. This invasion is not done by positive pushing by the elevator, but by the vertical vibration force acting on the compaction claw, so to speak. I will sneak in. That is, when the compaction is completed, that is, when the movement of the compaction claw in the compaction direction is blocked by the compaction layer portion,
The two-dimensional vibration of the compaction claw automatically changes to the one-dimensional vibration in the vertical direction, and the compaction claw automatically penetrates into the unconsolidated layer portion without positive pushing by the elevator. I will go.

Then, when the compaction claw enters the uncompacted layer portion where the ballast is not compacted, and the compaction claw can be moved in the compaction direction, that is, the connecting pin and the rubber body. When the relative displacement becomes possible, the two-dimensional vibration of the compaction claw is automatically started again, and the unconsolidated layer portion is semi-fluidized.

In this way, the compaction claw vibrates two-dimensionally until the ballast layer portion in which it invades and is compacted while semi-fluidizing the ballast, and when the compaction is completed, it moves in the vertical direction. It vibrates only into the non-compacted layer part under the compacted layer part and smoothly invades, and again two-dimensionally vibrates to compact the unconsolidated layer part. The entire ballast layer is satisfactorily and easily compacted while smoothly repeating the intrusion into the unconsolidated layer portion due to the directional vibration.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The structure of the present invention will be specifically described below based on the embodiments shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 6, the compaction device 1 of this embodiment has a main body frame 2 attached to an elevator 6 and a pair of left and right compaction claws suspended from the main body frame 2. The members 3, 3 are provided with a pawl operating mechanism 4 for moving the compacting claw members 3, 3 in and out of contact with each other, and a pawl vibrating mechanism 5 for two-dimensionally vibrating the compacting pawl members 3, 3 vertically and horizontally.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the main body frame 2 includes a plurality of girder members 2b, between a pair of front and rear wall plates 2a, 2a.
2c ... are connected, and the elevator 6 moves up and down. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, an elevator 6 having a power shovel 9 mounted on a dolly 8 traveling on a rail 7 is used, and the main body frame 2 is attached to a mounting frame 10 and a pair of front and rear guards. It is arranged to be attached to the lifting arm 9a of the power shovel 9 via the vibration member 11. That is, the mounting frame 10 has a rectangular frame shape having the mounting portions 10a, 10a to the elevating arm 9a, and the main body frame 2 is suspended by the vibration isolating members 11. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5, each vibration isolation member 11 has a rectangular tubular inner shell body 11 a, 11 attached to each frame 2, 10.
a, the outer shell bodies 11b and 11b, which are concentrically fitted over the inner shell bodies 11a in a state of being rotationally displaced by 45 degrees, and the outer shell bodies 11b and 11b are adjustable in expansion and contraction. And a cylindrical rubber body 11d, which is fitted between the inner and outer shell bodies 11a and 11b in a compressed state,
The inner and outer shell bodies 11a and 11b are able to exert a vibration damping effect by elastically deforming and rotating the rubber bodies 11d while rotating them relative to each other.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, each compacting claw member 3 includes a pair of front and rear claw holders 3a, 3a and each holder 3a.
A rocking fulcrum formed at the upper end of each holder 3a, which is composed of compaction claws 3b and 3b that are detachably retained by the holder, and a motor mounting plate 3c and a coupling plate 3d that connect and integrate both holders 3a and 3a. The part 3e is pivotally supported on the wall plates 2a, 2a of the main body frame 2 by a common support shaft 3f, so that the part 3e is supported by the main body frame 2 so as to be swingable left and right. In addition,
The interval between the left and right compaction claw members 3, 3 facing each other is such that each pair of the left and right compaction claws 3b, 3b can be drooped into the ballast layer 13 across the sleeper 12 and each compaction claw 3b. The front and rear facing distance between the two compacting claws 3b, 3b of the claw member 3 is
The compacting claws 3b, 3b facing each other in the front-rear direction are appropriately set so that they can be penetratingly penetrated into the ballast layer 13 across the rail 7 (see FIGS. 1 and 3).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the pawl operating mechanism 4 is composed of a pair of front, rear, left and right hydraulic cylinders 4c interposed between the main body frame 2 and each of the compacting pawl members 3. Left-side cylinder 4 that faces left and right in a V shape
c and 4c and the right side cylinders 4c and 4c are synchronously expanded and contracted by a hydraulic controller (not shown), so that the compaction claws 3b of both compaction claw members 3 and 3 face each other in a left-right direction in a V-shape. Start position for compaction action (position indicated by alternate long and two short dashes line in Fig. 1)
And the end of the compaction action (the position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in the figure) facing each other in a reverse C-shape.
Thus, one end of each hydraulic cylinder 4c is connected to the bracket 4b fixed to the girder member 2b of the main body frame 2 by the connecting pin 4b.
It is rotatably connected by e. The other end of each hydraulic cylinder 4c has a connecting pin 4d and an annular rubber body 5b.
Is connected to the upper end portion of each compaction claw member 3 via the so as to be rotatable and vertically and horizontally displaceable. That is, FIG. 1 and FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, a ring-shaped rubber body 5b is fitted and fixed to a ring portion formed at the other end of each cylinder 4c, and a connecting pin 4d is provided on a bracket 4a fixed to the upper end of each claw holder 3a to connect them. By inserting the pin 4d into the rubber body 5b, the space between the cylinder 4c and the compaction claw member 3 is
The connecting pin 4d is rotatably connected in a state where the connecting pin 4d is relatively displaced vertically and horizontally within the elastic deformation range of the rubber body 5b.

The pawl vibrating mechanism 5, as shown in FIGS.
It is composed of a pair of left and right vibration motors 5a, 5a mounted on the motor mounting plate 3c of each compacting claw member 3. Both vibration motors 5a, 5a are arranged with their eccentric rotation axes along the front-rear direction and in opposite rotation directions, and each compaction claw 3b draws a substantially elliptical orbit around a swing fulcrum 3f. While slightly swinging vertically and horizontally. That is, both vibration motors 5
By driving a and 5a, vertical and horizontal two-dimensional vibrations are applied to the compaction claws 3b .... As the vibration motors 5a, 5a, the compaction claws 3b ...
The one that can give the necessary and sufficient vibration (generally, a vibration of 45 Hz or more) to obtain a semi-fluid state is used. In this embodiment, each vibration motor 5a has an output of 0.75K.
W, rotation speed 3500 rpm, and vibration force 800 Kg are used.

Next, the compaction device 1 configured as described above.
The ballast compaction work by will be specifically described.

First, the trolley 8 is moved and the power shovel 9 is swung so that the pair of compaction claw members 3 and 3 are arranged on both sides of the sleeper 12 such that the pair of compaction claws 3b and 3b facing each other on the left and right sides. In addition, each pair of compaction claws 3b, 3b facing each other in the front-rear direction
To positions such that they are arranged on both sides of the rail 7 (see FIGS. 1, 3 and 6). In this state, the respective hydraulic cylinders 4c are in a contracted state, and both the compaction claw members 3, 3 are held at the compaction action start position (see the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 1).

The elevating arm 9 of the power shovel 9
By operating a, the compaction device 1 is lowered to make the compaction claws 3b ...
By driving a and 5a, the compaction claws 3b are two-dimensionally vibrated vertically and horizontally. The compaction claws 3b ... Intrude into the ballast layer 13 by the downward movement force of the power shovel 9 and the own weight of the device 1.

At this time, in the portion of the ballast layer into which the compaction claws 3b have entered, the two-dimensional vibration of the compaction claws 3b causes the balls 13a to vibrate, and the vibration thereof is 45 Hz.
As a result of the above, the ballasts 13a ... In the ballast layer portion into which the compaction claws 3b ... Have entered become semi-fluid.

Then, each hydraulic cylinder 4c is extended to rotate both the compaction claw members 3 and 3 toward the compaction action end position, and the pair of compaction claws 3b and 3b facing each other on the left and right sides are moved. Gradually move toward each other, that is, in the compaction direction. With the movement of the compaction claws 3b, the balls 13a ...
Is packed under the sleeper 12.

At this time, since the balls 13a are in a semi-fluid state, the balls 13a can be easily packed without requiring a large amount of energy for the compaction claws 3b. In addition, in combination with the fact that the compaction claws 3b ... Draw a substantially elliptical orbit and vibrate vertically and horizontally, under the sleepers 12, the balls 13a ... Are compacted uniformly and tightly. That is, when the compaction claws 3b ... Are vibrating two-dimensionally, the two-dimensional vibrating forces P, P shown in FIG. 7 act on the ballasts 13a. It will be packed. For example, when the vibrating forces P, P act on the three balls 13a in the state shown by the solid line in FIG.
a and 13a are the central ballast 13'a as shown by the chain line.
Will be pushed closer to the sleeper 12 while pushing it closer. If the compaction claws 3b ... Are only vibrating one-dimensionally, as shown by the chain line in FIG.
... are merely packed in one-dimensional direction, their compaction is insufficient, and it is difficult to form the balls 13a ... into a semi-fluid state.

Therefore, at the stage where the compaction claw members 3, 3 do not move in the compaction direction irrespective of the operation of the cylinders 4c, the looseness 13a is uniformly compacted under the sleeper 12 in a uniform state. It will be packed.

When the above-mentioned loose layer portion is compacted, the compaction claws 3b ... Do not move in the compaction direction regardless of the operation of the cylinders 4c ..., As shown in FIG. 4 (B), each connecting pin 4d. Is relatively displaced to a position where the rubber body 5b is compressed to a state where it cannot be elastically deformed, and each connecting pin 4d
Relative displacement of is blocked. In this state, the compaction claw members 3 ... And the cylinders 4c ... Are fixedly connected, and both compaction claw members 3, 3 are integrated through the cylinders 4c ... And the main body frame 2. . Therefore,
Both the fastening claw members 3, 3 and the cylinders 4c ... And the main body frame 2 become an integrated structure, and the vibrations of the two vibration motors 5a, 5a are synchronized due to the nature of the vibration motor 5a. As a result, since the rotation directions of the two vibration motors 5a, 5a are opposite to each other, the vibrations in the left and right directions cancel each other out and disappear, and the two clamping claw members 3, 3 vibrate only in the up and down direction. become.

Therefore, the compaction claws 3b ... Are not the discrete layer portion from the compacted layer portion, ie, the compact layer portion to the lower layer portion, without the need for positive pushing by the elevator 6. It will sneak into the compaction layer.

The compacting claws 3b ... Intrude into the unconsolidated layer portion where the balls 13a ... Are not compacted, and the compacting claws 3b.
When the operation of b ... in the direction of compaction becomes possible, the fixed connection state of the compaction claw members 3, 3 and the cylinder 4c ... Is released, and, for example, as shown in FIG. 4d and the rubber body 5b can be displaced relative to each other, and the two-dimensional vibration of the compaction claws 3b ... Is started again. When the two-dimensional vibration of the compaction claws 3b ...
... becomes a semi-fluid state, and the compaction claw 3 by the cylinder 4c.
By moving b ... in the compaction direction, the compaction of the unconsolidated layer portion can be performed in the same manner as described above.

After that, by repeating the above work, the entire ballast layer 13 can be compacted well.
By the way, even at the start of the compaction work, it may be difficult to push the compaction claws 3b into the loose layer 13 because the surface of the loose layer 13 is in a consolidated state. However, in such a case, a load that pushes up each of the compaction claw members 3 acts, and the relative displacement of the connecting pin 4d by the rubber body 5b is prevented in the same manner as shown in FIG. 4B. The vibration motor 5a,
When 5a is activated, the compaction claws 3b ... One-dimensionally vibrate only in the vertical direction, so that the compaction claws 3b easily enter the ballast layer 13.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but can be appropriately changed and improved without departing from the basic principle of the present invention. For example, as the elevator 6 to which the compaction device 1 is attached, a self-propelled machine such as a truck provided with an appropriate lifting mechanism can be used in addition to a combination of the carriage 8 and the power shovel 9. That is, by attaching one or a plurality of compaction devices 1 to the elevating mechanism of such a self-propelled machine, a simple small multiple tie tamper can be provided. In this case, it is desirable that some vibration isolation mechanism is provided in the mounting portion of the main body frame 2 to the lifting mechanism. Further, the configurations of the pawl operating mechanism 4 and the pawl vibrating mechanism 5 are not limited to those in the above embodiment,
It is optional.

[0034]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the compacting device of the present invention, the ballast is compacted sufficiently under the sleepers very easily and efficiently without requiring a large amount of energy. Can be packed evenly. Therefore, it is possible to achieve long-term stability of the track, and it is possible to significantly reduce costs including running costs. Moreover, this device is superior in function and work to a handy type tie tamper, and can perform compaction work of the ballast easily and satisfactorily with less labor load. It can be made small and inexpensive, and even if the rail maintenance section is about several hundred meters, it is possible to perform work that is profitable enough.
Its practical value is extremely large.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view (a cross section taken along line AA of FIG. 3) showing an embodiment of a compaction device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the same device.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the device.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the main part taken along the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a state in which the device is attached to an elevator.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a ballast packing operation.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a ballast packing action when the compaction claw is one-dimensionally vibrated.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Compaction device, 2 ... Main body frame, 3 ... Compaction claw member, 3
b ... compacting claw, 4 ... claw operating mechanism, 4d ... connecting pin, 5 ... claw vibrating mechanism, 5a ... vibration motor, 5b ... rubber body, 6 ... elevator, 7 ... rail, 12 ... sleepers, 13 ... ballast layer, 13a
... Ballas.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A body frame which is attached to an elevator and is operated to move up and down, a pair of left and right compaction claw members which have a compaction claw at a lower end portion thereof and are supported by the main body frame so as to be swingable left and right, and a clamp body. A pawl operating mechanism that is interposed between the hard pawl member and the main body frame to move the compacting pawls facing left and right to separate from each other;
The left and right ones mounted on the compaction claw member and rotating in opposite directions
Equipped with a pair of vibration motors, the pawl operating mechanism and each compaction
The claw member is an annular rubber body fitted and fixed to one of the two.
Place the connecting pin on the other side within the elastic deformation range of the rubber body.
Insert it in a state where it can be displaced relative to the vertical and horizontal directions.
Are connected, and the compaction claw of each compaction claw member is shaken.
It is designed so that it can be two-dimensionally vibrated vertically and horizontally by a dynamic motor.
A compacting device for ballast ballasts characterized by being made.