JPH0771097A - Waterproof sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a waterproof sheet having excellent waterproofness and water permeability and available for the waterproofing of a building and the reinforcement of stone, etc., for structure by covering both surfaces of a metallic sheet, to which a hole for moisture permeation is formed, with resin mortar. CONSTITUTION:Both surfaces of a metallic sheet 1, to which one or more of holes 3 are formed, are covered with mixtures (resin mortar 2, 2) consisting of a high molecular emulsion having tackiness and cement mortar, thus constituting a waterproof sheet 1. The expansibility and stretchability of the waterproof sheet 1 are adjusted properly in response to the application of the waterproof sheet by the size and number of the holes 3 formed to the metallic sheet 1 and a resin mortar 2 layer. The waterproof sheet 1 is bonded with a building by using adhesives, thus waterproofing the building. The waterproof sheet 1 is bonded with a board material such as stone, a panel, etc., for structure by employing adhesives, thus reinforcing these stone, panel, etc.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mixture of a polymer emulsion and a cement mortar (hereinafter referred to as a resin mortar) having adhesive properties on both sides of a thin metal plate (hereinafter referred to as a metal sheet) having one or more holes. ), And a waterproofing method for a building, characterized in that the waterproofing sheet is subjected to an adhesive treatment using an adhesive, and a reinforcing method for plate materials such as structural stones and panels .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, roofs of buildings, roofs, open corridors,
Asphalt waterproofing work, sheet waterproofing work, paint film waterproofing work, stainless steel sheet waterproofing work, and other waterproofing work are performed on the veranda, outer wall, underground outer wall, indoors, and aquariums for waterproofing.

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In asphalt waterproofing, since asphalt is melted and applied at a high temperature, there are problems such as worker safety and contamination of the building when handling it. Since an organic solvent is used for pasting, there are problems such as fire and effects on the human body. In stainless steel waterproof work, welding defects due to wood scraps, metal scraps, concrete powder, etc. generated during the construction of the fishing rod, and during welding However, there is a problem that the tissue is easily deformed and becomes brittle by heating. In addition, in waterproofing work such as asphalt waterproofing and sheet waterproofing, since the waterproof layer does not have moisture permeability, the moisture contained in the ground becomes steam due to the temperature rise with the passage of time, and the adhesion of the waterproof layer is weak due to the pressure. The problem is that the waterproof function deteriorates due to swelling or peeling of the parts. In addition, stone materials such as marble that are stretched on floors and panels are used by being sliced into thin pieces, and the lack of strength due to the thinness is reinforced with a lining material such as paper or metal foil. However, the latter is not permeable to moisture and has a degree of expansion-expansion and contraction that does not match that of stones, causing problems such as peeling after construction.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of various studies for solving the above problems, the present inventors have covered both surfaces of a metal sheet having one or more holes with a resin mortar having moisture permeability. The present inventors have completed the present invention by finding that the above-mentioned waterproof sheet has excellent moisture permeability and strength and is excellent as a waterproof sheet for rooftops, roofs, open corridors, balconies, outer walls, etc. of buildings.

Examples of the tacky polymer emulsion used in the present invention include polyacrylic, polyolefin, and chloroprene rubber resins and rubber emulsions, which may be mixed and used if necessary. Alternatively, it may be used as a mixture with other polymer emulsion such as urethane type and polyester type. Polyolefin emulsion, ethylene and acrylic acid,
Examples thereof include copolymers with methacrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, citraconic acid, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, vinyl acetate and the like.

The resin mortar used in the present invention comprises 10 to 30 parts by weight of a polymer emulsion and 30 to 5 parts of cement.
It is obtained by adding and mixing 0 parts by weight, 60 to 100 parts by weight of sand and water in appropriate amounts. In this resin mortar, strength and water resistance are improved because calcium ion and iron ion in cement crosslink the resin to increase the binding force. The size of the holes provided in the metal sheet is not particularly limited, but it is not desirable that it is too large in view of the strength of the waterproof sheet, and it is usually selected from the range of 0.1 mm to 5 mm. Since the shape of the hole is to have moisture permeability, it may be round, triangular, square, or the like. The number of holes may be any number as long as the desired strength of the metal sheet is not impaired. Examples of the metal sheet include a stainless steel (hereinafter simply referred to as stainless) sheet, a titanium thin plate (hereinafter simply referred to as titanium sheet), and the like. For resin mortar, metal oxides, carbon fibers, etc. are used as reinforcements, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, inorganic fillers, etc.
Acid clay, kaolin, isolite, perlite, etc. may be added.

The adhesive used for adhering the sheet and the waterproof surface is composed of a polymer selected from polyacrylic, polyolefin, polycarbonate, polyester, urethane and chloroprene rubber, a crosslinking agent and an aggregate. However, since it is a one-component water-based elastic adhesive for coating, which has both excellent adhesiveness and waterproofing function, there are problems with commonly used epoxy resin-based, urethane resin-based, and polyester resin-based adhesives. It is easy to handle, with no odor or problems related to the Fire Defense Law. In addition, it has a very good affinity for wood, metal, stone, cement, etc. compared to the conventional waterproofing agents, and since it is an emulsion, it is not necessary to completely block moisture, so construction Has the advantage that it is simple and can be done in a short time. Since the adhesive used is required to be compatible with the resin mortar, it is desirable to use one of the same type of polymer.

As the adhesive used, 1.0 to 3.0 parts by weight of a cross-linking agent and 50 to 100 parts by weight of an aggregate are added to 100 parts by weight of an emulsion of the above-mentioned polymer having adhesiveness and mixed. Obtained. The amount of the adhesive applied to the construction surface such as the surface to be adhered varies depending on the surface condition, but is appropriately selected from 0.8 to 2.0 kg per square meter.

The cross-linking agent used is wustite (F
eO), magnetite (Fe ₃ O ₄ ), hematite (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) and other iron oxides, titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide and other oxides,
Examples of the aggregate include metal oxide, carbon fiber, sand and the like. In addition to cross-linking agents and aggregates, if necessary, high-molecular compounds such as polycarbonate resin and water-based urethane resin; pigments such as ultramarine blue, titanium dioxide, ceramic pigments; bentonite, diatomaceous earth, acid clay, kaolin, isolite, inorganic filling such as perlite Agents may be added.

The waterproof sheet of the present invention has a thickness of 0.3 to 2.0 mm.
It is obtained by applying 0.3 to 2.0 kg of resin mortar per square meter on both sides of a metal sheet of a certain size.

When the waterproof sheet is adhered to the surface to be adhered, if the surface to be adhered has irregularities, convexes such as trowel unevenness and misalignment are removed with a grinder, and the concaves are cleaned. Repair with and smooth it. Further, it is desirable to apply an adhesive after reinforcing and reinforcing glass fiber tape, nylon net, etc. to the concrete splicing part and the ALC joint part. As the surface conditioner used, for example, the above-mentioned adhesive or a resin mortar diluted 2 to 5 times is used.

The waterproof sheet may be covered with a single sheet on the entire surface to be adhered. However, since stainless steel and titanium are thermally expansive, it is suitable to adjust expansion and contraction at joints. It is desirable to attach the waterproof sheets in several sizes. The space between joints varies depending on the size of the waterproof sheet, but it is usually about 2 to 10 mm, and the adhesive applied during construction is removed with a cutter or the like to remove epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, or silicone. Seal with a sealing material such as resin. The filling depth of the sealing material varies depending on the resin used, but is generally selected from the range of 1 to 20 mm. The sealing material is preferably one having elasticity and chemical resistance which can cope with expansion and contraction of the stainless steel sheet or titanium sheet. In addition, a method is also possible in which two sheets are superposed on each other at both ends without providing joints, and the two sheets are fixed with corrosion-resistant nails such as stainless steel nails or titanium nails at the holes provided in the metal sheet. is there.

In constructing the waterproof sheet, work efficiency,
Adhesive tape such as double-sided tape having adhesiveness can be used together in consideration of strengthening of joints, conformability to expansion and contraction, and handling of thin objects. For example, the double-sided adhesive tape may be adhered to a surface to be adhered or the like, or may be adhered to a waterproof sheet in advance, and can be appropriately selected in consideration of workability. At this time, the sealing material may be processed in advance at a position corresponding to the outside of the portion surrounded by the adhesive tape before the waterproof sheet is attached, or after the waterproof sheet is bonded. When the adhesive tape is attached to the construction surface side of the waterproof sheet in advance, it is advisable to cover the adhesive tape surface with release paper. Further, by using this adhesive tape, the entire construction side surface of the waterproof sheet may be covered with release paper or the like. By doing this,
The construction surface of the waterproof sheet can be kept in good condition.

In-place concrete is widely used for walking places such as balconies and places for placing heavy objects, and concrete finishing, mortar coating, clinker tiling, and various finishings are used. Cement mortar coating is desirable for the water around the room such as the bathroom.

The adhesive, resin mortar and sealant used in the present invention may be, for example, N, N-dimethyl-N '-(fluorodichloromethylthio) -N'-phenylsulfamime for the purpose of antifungal treatment. De, 2- (4-thiazolyl) benzimidazole, N- (fluorodichloromethylthio) phthalimide, N-trichloromethylthio-
4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide, N
-Trichloromethylthiophthalimide, 2-pyridinethiol zinc-1-oxide, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole sodium, p-chloro-m-cresol, benzyl bromacetate, 3-iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamate, copper naphthenate, etc. May be added.

Formulation examples of the present invention are shown below, but the present invention is not limited to these. Incidentally, the resin mortar and the like in the following formulation examples are finished to have an appropriate viscosity by adding an appropriate amount of water as needed. Prescription Example 1 1 kg of white cement and 2 kg of silica sand (No. 7, 8) are mixed well, and then 0.6 kg of polyacrylic ester emulsion (solid content 35%) is added little by little to obtain a resin mortar. Prescription example 2 1 kg of white cement and 2.5 kg of silica sand (No.7,8) were mixed well, and then 0.8 kg of polymaleic acid ester emulsion
(Solid content 35%) is added little by little and mixed well to obtain a resin mortar.

Prescription Example 3 1 kg of white cement and 1.5 kg of silica sand (No.7,8) were mixed well, and 1.0 kg of neoprene rubber emulsion (solid content 55%) was also mixed little by little to obtain a resin mortar. . Formulation Example 4 100 g of polypolymaleic acid ester emulsion (solid content 55%), 3 g of magnetite, 25 g of azo pigment, and 70 g of silica sand (6,7,8) are mixed to obtain an adhesive.

Formulation Example 5 An adhesive is obtained by mixing 35 g of polyester diol, 100 g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin emulsion (solid content 55%), 1 g of wustite and 50 g of silica sand (6,7,8). Formulation Example 6 Polycarbonate 40 g (solid content 30%), ethylene-
65 g of vinyl acetate copolymer resin emulsion (solid content 55
%), 3 g of hematite, and 97 g of silica sand (No. 6,7,8) are mixed to obtain an adhesive.

Formulation Example 7 100 g of aqueous polyurethane (solid content 40%), titanium oxide 3 g, organic pigment 25 g, silica sand (6,7,8) 70 g
Are mixed to obtain an adhesive. Prescription Example 8 After thoroughly mixing 1 kg of white cement and 0.1 kg of glass fiber, a polymaleic acid ester emulsion (nonionic) was added.
Mix 6 kg little by little to obtain a surface conditioner.

Test Example 1 Water Permeability Test A stainless steel sheet of 10 cm (length) × 10 cm (width) × 0.5 mm (thickness) was punched with a plurality of 0.8 mm diameter holes at 10 mm intervals, and the temperature was 20 ° C. and humidity was 20 ° C. Under the condition of 40%, the surface of this stainless steel sheet was coated with the resin mortar prepared in Formulation Example 2 using a metal iron so as to have a thickness of 1.0 mm, and cured for 24 hours, and then the resin was further formed on the back surface. Mortar was similarly applied and cured for 24 hours to obtain a waterproof sheet. The obtained waterproof sheet was tested according to JIS-A-6910 "Multi-layer finish coating material" to measure its water permeation rate. The test method is
As shown in FIG. 1, a waterproof sheet 4 formed by coating and laminating resin mortar 2 on both sides of a stainless sheet (metal sheet) 1.
Is held horizontally, the reverse funnel type water permeability test device 6 having a measuring pipette 7 connected to it with a rubber tube 8 is fixed to the upper part by a silicone sealing material, and left for 48 hours.
Insert 0 ± 3 ℃ water from the surface of the test body (waterproof sheet 4) to a height of 250mm, read the scale of the measuring pipette 7, then read the height of the water head after standing for 24 hours, Calculate the water permeability (ml) from the difference from the height before the test. Similarly, the amount of water permeation after 48 hours and 96 hours was obtained. Four test pieces a to d were used. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0021]

Test Example 2 Moisture Permeability Test A stainless steel sheet of 10 cm (length) × 10 cm (width) × 0.5 mm (thickness) was provided with a large number of 0.8 mm diameter holes at 10 mm intervals, the temperature was 20 ° C., and the humidity was 40. %, The resin mortar prepared in Formulation Example 2 was applied to the surface of this stainless sheet with a metal iron so as to have a thickness of 1.0 mm and cured for 24 hours, and then the resin mortar was further applied to the back surface. Was similarly applied and cured for 24 hours to obtain a waterproof sheet. Then, JIS
The moisture permeability of the obtained waterproof sheet was measured according to -Z-0208 "Moisture Permeability Test Method for Moisture-Proof Packaging Materials (Cup Method)". For the measurement, a moisture absorbent (calcium chloride) in the moisture-permeable cup
At the temperature of 25 ° C, cover the mouth of the moisture permeable cup with a waterproof sheet, seal the joint between the moisture permeable cup and the waterproof sheet with a wax sealant, and keep it in the thermo-hygrostat for a specified time. By measuring. In this way, the tarpaulin is used as a boundary surface, the air on one side is kept at a relative humidity of 95 ± 2%, and the air on the other side is kept dry by a hygroscopic agent. The mass (g) of the water vapor that passed through was converted to per 1 m ^{2 of the} waterproof sheet and the moisture vapor transmission rate was calculated to be 123 g (g / m ² · 2
4h). The moisture vapor transmission rate is calculated by the following formula. Moisture vapor transmission rate (g / m ² · 24h) = 240 × m / t · s However, s: Moisture vapor transmission area (cm ² ) t: Total time of the last two weighing intervals at which the test was conducted (h) m: Test The sum of the increasing masses of the last two weighing intervals (mg)

[0023]

EXAMPLES Examples of the waterproof sheet of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these.

Example 1 FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of a metal sheet 1 provided with holes 3. FIG. 3 shows an example of a waterproof sheet 4 having a layer of resin mortar 2 on both sides of the metal sheet 1. Although the holes 3 are voids in FIG. 3, the resin mortar 2 may be filled in the holes 3.

Example 2 FIG. 4 shows an example in which the roof of a concrete building (building) 11 is treated with the waterproof sheet 4 of the present invention. As shown in the figure,
Waterproofing sheet 4 using adhesive 12 on the roof of building 11
Then, the sealant 10 is filled in the joints between the sheets 4 and the waterproof sheet 4 is formed in this manner.
A waterproof / breathable finishing resin mortar 9 is evenly applied to the construction surface to obtain a flat surface. The roof top thus constructed has good waterproofness and water resistance due to the layer of the finishing resin mortar 9 and the waterproof sheet 4, adhesive 12 layers, etc. on the underside thereof, and the roof provided by the holes provided in the waterproof sheet. Moisture of the constituent concrete is released, so that wrinkles do not occur on the construction surface, and the metal sheet provides a construction surface with dimensional stability, heat resistance, and chemical resistance.

Example 3 FIG. 5 is an example in which the waterproof sheet 4 of the present invention is applied to the roof of a concrete building 11 as in FIG. 4, but in the case of this example, the ends of the waterproof sheet 4 are overlapped. In this example, the overlapped portions are fixed with stainless steel nails 15. The nail 15 is driven so as to reach the adhesive layer on the concrete surface or the lower surface of the waterproof sheet 4 by utilizing the hole provided in the stainless sheet of the waterproof sheet 4. In this case, the holes for the nails provided in the metal sheet may be elongated holes aligned with the expansion and contraction directions so that the expansion and contraction of the waterproof sheet can be absorbed.
As a method of joining the waterproof sheets 4 with the nails 15, as shown in FIG. 7, the abutting portions of the waterproof sheets 4 may be covered with another waterproof sheet 4 or the metal sheet 1 and stopped with the nails 15.

Embodiment 4 FIG. 6 shows an example of applying the waterproof sheet 4 of the present invention to a bathroom. The construction method is almost the same as in the second embodiment. 13 in the figure
Indicates a bathtub, and 14 indicates hot water. As in the case of Example 2, a construction surface having excellent waterproofness, heat resistance, etc. can be obtained.

Example 5 The waterproof sheet of the present invention is attached to the back surface of a thinly cut marble panel and bonded to a wall surface of a bathroom or the like. Since the marble panel is as thin as 1 mm or less, the moisture-proof sheet of the present invention gives strength and makes it easy to handle, and a metal sheet gives heat resistance and dimensional stability. . The expansion-stretchability can be adjusted by opening a suitable number of holes in the metal sheet, so it can be matched with the expansion-stretchability of the marble.
In addition, resin mortar makes it easy to construct concrete. In addition to plastic imitation marble, plastic style, etc., it can be similarly applied to tiles, panels, glass plates, ceramic plates, and other structural plate materials.

Example 6 FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a waterproof sheet using an adhesive tape, which is an example of the waterproof sheet 4 to which a double-sided adhesive tape 17 is attached on one side. The adhesive tape may be attached at the time of construction, or may be attached in advance and the release paper covering the surface of the adhesive tape may be peeled off before use. At the time of construction, a predetermined amount of adhesive is applied to the inside surrounded by the adhesive tape 17, and the waterproof sheet 4 is pressed against the construction surface such as the floor surface so that the adhesive is evenly distributed on the inside surrounded by the adhesive tape 17. Try to expand. The adhesive may be applied to the construction surface as long as it is a portion corresponding to the inside surrounded by the adhesive tape 17. FIG. 9 shows an example in which the waterproof sheet 4 with the adhesive tape is applied, and shows a state in which the waterproof sheet 4 is attached to the concrete floor surface. As shown in the figure, a joint having a slight gap is provided between the waterproof sheets 4 in consideration of expansion and contraction of the sheet 4, and the sealing material 10 is filled to form a seal portion.
In the case of the waterproof sheet using the adhesive tape of this example, since the initial adhesive strength can be obtained by the adhesive tape, there are advantages that the construction is easy and the sticking does not become irregular.

[0030]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The waterproof sheet of the present invention is excellent in waterproofness and moisture permeability, and is useful as a waterproofing material for buildings such as floors, roofs and outer walls of buildings. Further, the waterproof sheet of the present invention has a proper size and a proper number of holes provided in the metal sheet,
Further, since the expansion and expansion / contraction are adjusted by the resin mortar layers provided on both sides of the metal sheet, it can be used to reinforce plate materials such as structural stones and panels.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view for explaining a water permeability test method.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of a metal sheet having holes.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the waterproof sheet of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a construction example of the waterproof sheet of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of construction of the waterproof sheet of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing an example in which the waterproof sheet of the present invention is applied to a bathroom.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a waterproof sheet joining method of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the waterproof sheet of the present invention to which an adhesive tape is applied.

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the construction example of the waterproof sheet of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Metal Sheet 2 Resin Mortar 3 Hole 4 Waterproof Sheet 9 Resin Mortar for Finishing 10 Sealant 11 Building 12 Adhesive 15 Nail 16 Floor 17 Adhesive Tape on Both Sides

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toshio Akao 3-13 Higashijinmaru-cho, Akashi City, Hyogo Prefecture (72) Inventor Takehide Hoshino 2-13-20 Nishikujo, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A waterproof sheet, characterized in that a metal sheet having one or more holes is coated on both sides with a mixture of a polymer emulsion having an adhesive property and cement mortar. 2. A waterproof sheet obtained by coating both sides of a metal sheet having one or more holes with a mixture of a polymer emulsion having an adhesive property and cement mortar, is adhered to a building by using an adhesive. A method for waterproofing a building, characterized by: 3. A waterproof sheet comprising a metal sheet provided with at least one hole and both sides thereof coated with a mixture of a polymer emulsion having adhesiveness and cement mortar, is subjected to an adhesive treatment using an adhesive. Reinforcement method for plate materials such as structural stones and panels.