JPH0766964A - Picture processor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form a picture in which joints do not give unnatural sensation by composing plural film pictures, eliminating overlapped parts of the films and adjusting the color, density and magnification of the joints. CONSTITUTION:A light of a lamp 101 strikes on a film 102 in a projector section to generate an processor picture signal, the outputted optical signal is converted into an analog electric signal by a photoelectric conversion element 104, in which the signal is converted into a digital electric signal and shading, input masking and sharpness processing or the like are applied to picture data by a picture processing section 107. Then a duplicate part detection section 108 detects duplicate part and a picture synthesis section 109 synthesizes pictures while cutting plural duplicate parts to execute processing into one picture. Then a picture processing section 11 at a final stage execute color correction, color conversion and magnification processing or the like to correct a delicate difference of the jointed part and the result is outputted.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus capable of reading various films such as photographic negatives and original images and applying various image processing to the read image data.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art (1) Several systems have already been published for various image processing methods for reading various film such as photographic negatives and original images and performing the read image data. There is a method in which a plurality of images are read therein, and they are connected to each other and output as one image. However, in this case, the images are simply arranged in one row or in a plurality of rows regardless of whether or not a plurality of images are continuous. Therefore, the field of view is 360 ° depending on the photograph etc.
The process of joining the continuous film and the original of a plurality of images into one continuous image has not been performed, such as when the image capturing is performed.

(2) For example, an image processing apparatus is known in which the transmitted light from a transmissive original such as a film is optically read by a CCD image sensor or the like. The color balance was corrected using a negative film base film. The base film is a film that has been developed without being exposed and has no image data. Further, there is only one brightness / density conversion table for converting the optically read brightness signal into a density signal.

(3) Conventionally, a film scanner for projecting a slide film and reading an image is known as an option of a color copying machine. FIG. 32 shows an external view of the film scanner 441. In this figure, reference numeral 442 is a film supporting device for mounting a slide film and setting it at a predetermined reading position of the film scanner 441. Reference numeral 443 denotes a film magazine for inserting the film supporting device 442 and setting it at a predetermined film reading position, which is detachable from the film scanner body 441.

FIG. 33 is a perspective view of the film supporting device 442. The film supporting device 442 has five openings 445-1, 445-2, 445-3, 445-4, 4-5.
45-5 is provided.

When the slide film 444 is mounted on the film supporting device 442, the insertion openings 446-1, 446-2, 446-3, 446- of the film supporting device 442 are inserted.
By inserting the slide film 444 from Nos. 4,446-5, the image area of the slide film 444 becomes a predetermined opening 445-1 or 445 of the film supporting device 442.
It can be positioned to coincide with -2,445-3,445-4,445-5.

Further, the film supporting device 442 is provided with detection holes 447 and 447 ', and when the film supporting device 442 is inserted into the film magazine 443, it is discriminated whether or not it is in a predetermined reading position. can do. 34 and 35 are a perspective view and a front view showing the film supporting device 442 inserted into the film magazine 443 and set at a predetermined reading position. In the film magazine 443, the LEDP ₁ and the photosensor S ₁ as means for reading the detection holes 447 and 447 ′ of the film support device 442 are provided with the detection holes 447 and 4 respectively.
47 ′, the openings 445-1, 445-2, 445 of the film supporting device 442 are arranged so as to oppose to each other.
Film magazine 443 is 3,445-4,445-5.
When it is set so as to fit the window 448, the photo sensor S ₁ is turned on, and it is determined that the slide film 444 is set at a predetermined reading position.

Further, the LEDP ₁ and the photosensor S
LEDP ₂ , P ₃ and photosensors S ₂ , S near _1
3 are arranged at opposite positions, and the film support device 44
Whether the photo sensor ₂ is inserted from the horizontal direction y or the vertical direction t can be determined by the ON / OFF states of the photosensors S ₂ and S ₃ .

After determining whether the slide film is set at the reading position and the length / width of the slide film as described above, the film scanner 441 is used.
The film is read by operating the liquid crystal panel 449.

(4) In the conventional film projection apparatus, the light from the halogen bulb is corrected by the Fresnel plate, and based on the corrected input light, in the projection area of the film projection apparatus, the line in the sub-scanning direction of the image forming apparatus. The data was sampled at several points and the average for each pixel was taken as shading data.

[0011]

With regard to the above (1), an image processing apparatus capable of reading various film or original images such as negatives of photographs and applying various image processings is used, and a visual field of 360 ° is obtained by a photographic machine. When the process of joining multiple continuous films or originals obtained by shooting the above to make one continuous image, the images overlap with the adjacent film at both ends of the film, and the magnification is When the colors are different or the colors are different, there is a problem in that the joint portion becomes unnatural.

With regard to the above item (2), the color balance cannot be completely corrected in the above-mentioned conventional example because the photosensitivity varies depending on the type of the negative film.

With regard to the above item (3), when the user mounts the slide film on the film support device with the front side and the back side reversed, the output image becomes a mirror image. In addition, the operability is complicated because the slide film must be mounted on the film support device while checking the front / back.

Regarding the above (4), when shading correction is performed by the image forming apparatus, data should be read in the entire image projection area, a histogram should be created, and shading samples should be taken in the entire image area. , Takes processing time, and
Since the processing becomes complicated, the image data in the image projection area is sampled several times in the sub-scanning direction and the average is taken for each pixel. The correction accuracy was not good.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an image processing apparatus which solves the above problems.

[0016]

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a reading means for reading an image, a memory means for temporarily holding a plurality of consecutive image data read by the reading means, and the memory means. Detecting means for detecting an overlapping area of adjacent images from the image data held in the image data, and so as to make each image continuous while cutting the overlapping portion based on the detection result of the detecting means. And a reading unit for reading an image of the original by transmitted light from the original, and a density signal based on different characteristics of the image signal read by the reading unit. A plurality of converting means for converting into a plurality of converting means and a selecting means for selecting any one of the plurality of converting means based on the image reading data from the reading means. In addition, it further comprises a reading means for reading an image of the original by the transmitted light from the original, and an original holding means for setting the original at a predetermined reading position of the reading means. The present invention is characterized by having a detection means for detecting a front / back side provided on a document, further comprising a light source, a reading means for reading the document image at an irradiation position of light transmitted from the light source from the light source, The reading signal from the reading unit is corrected based on a coefficient weighted for each reading position of the original image.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, this embodiment is roughly divided into two elements. One is a projector unit that converts negative image information such as photographs into an optical signal, and the second is a reading unit that converts an optical signal output from the projector unit into an electric signal and performs various kinds of image processing. The projector unit includes a lamp 101 that emits light, a film 102 that is a negative for photographs and the like, and a lens 103 that diffuses an optical signal. By applying the light of the lamp 101 to the film 102, an optical image signal is generated. . The reading unit is the photoelectric element 104 and the amplifier unit 10.
5, the A / D conversion unit 106, the first image processing unit 107, the overlapping portion detection unit 108, the image composition unit 109, and the second image processing unit 110, and the optical signal output from the projector unit is It is converted into an analog electric signal by a photoelectric element 104 (an image line sensor CCD is used in this embodiment). The analog electric signal output from the photoelectric element 104 is amplified by the amplifier unit 105 and converted into a digital electric signal by the A / D conversion unit 106 so that various image processing can be easily performed later. After that, the image processing unit 107
Processing such as shading, input masking, and sharpness processing is performed on the / D-converted image data.
Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the overlapping portion detecting unit 108 and the image synthesizing unit 109 connect a plurality of continuous films (in FIG.
The example which synthesize | combined the film of a sheet is shown. ) Is converted into one image. The overlapping portion detecting unit 108 detects the overlapping portions, and the image combining unit 109 combines the images while cutting the plurality of overlapping portions. Further, the image processing unit 110 at the final stage performs color correction, color conversion / magnification processing, black extraction, binarization processing, etc., and outputs the result. At that time, a subtle difference in color and density of the joint portion is corrected by color correction and color conversion processing, and a subtle difference in magnification of the joint portion is automatically adjusted by the scaling processing.

The details of the overlapping portion detecting portion 108 and the image synthesizing portion 109, which detect the overlapping portions of the images and perform the synthesis, will be described below. FIG. 3 shows a block configuration of the overlapping portion detection unit 108. The overlapping portion detection unit 108 includes a first image memory 301, a second image memory 302, a third image memory 303, selectors 304 to 306, and comparators 307 and 30.
It is composed of 8. The overlapping portion detection unit 108 converts the input image data for each film into image memories 301 to 303 for a plurality of films (in this embodiment, three image memories are configured to connect the three films.
If more films are connected, that number of image memories is required. ). After capturing all the number of image data, the upper 2 bits of the data bus of each image memory (only the upper few bits are necessary because it is not necessary to compare all the bits) are used for the film 1 and the film 2. The comparator 307 detects the overlap portion and detects the film 2
The comparator 308 detects the overlapping portion of the film 3 and the film 3.

FIG. 4A shows a flow chart of a method of detecting the overlapping portion of the film 1 and the film 2. FIG. 4B shows the coordinates of the films 1 and 2. First, the image data of all the sheets is loaded into the memory (S1). After capturing, the upper 2 bits of data of the 256x + 1 pixel of the film 1 and the data of the y + 1 pixel of the film 2 are output from the memory (S2, S3) and compared by the comparator 307 (S4). If they do not match with each other, the output of the film 1 remains fixed, and the longitudinal direction of the film 2 (1 to 256
The output is sequentially changed along the (direction), and the outputs are compared each time (S4 → S5 → S6 → S4). If no matching pixel is found in this state, the output of film 1 is set to 25
Change to the pixel data of 6x + 2, and y of film 2 again
The comparison is performed by varying from +1 pixel to 256 (S4
→ S5 → S7 → S8 → S3 → S4). If the matching pixel is not found again, 256x + 2 is 25.
The above process is repeated until the value reaches 6. In addition, if no matching pixel is found again, the output of film 2 is set to 2
y (S9), 3y, and the above process is repeated until a matching pixel is found.

When a matching pixel is found in the above process, it is confirmed whether the pixel below the pixel matches (S1).
0 to S12), and the coordinates of the overlapping portion are determined. Similarly, the comparator 308 similarly determines the coordinates of the overlapping portion of the film 2 and the film 3. The overlapping area is detected by the above processing.

Next, an image synthesizing method performed by the image synthesizing unit 109 will be described. After the coordinates of the overlapping portion are determined by the overlapping portion detecting unit 108, all the data in the image memory 301 corresponding to the film 1 is output. At that time, the address of the data of the image memory 302 corresponding to the film 2 is changed at a timing such that the portion overlapping with the film 1 is cut to synthesize the overlapping portion. Similar to the processing described above, the data in the image memory 303 corresponding to the film 3 is output in a form in which the portion overlapping with the film 2 is cut.

By performing the above-described processing, the films can be joined together to generate a continuous image, and the tint, density and magnification of the joined portion can be automatically adjusted.

(Embodiment 2) In the above-described first embodiment, a plurality of films of continuous images and an original image are read, an overlapping portion of each film is detected, and the overlapping portion is cut. The method for synthesizing each film to generate a continuous image has been described above. As shown in FIG. 5, the overlapping portion of each film is detected and overlapped as in the first embodiment. It is also possible to flatten the composite image by cutting the part that has been formed and deleting unnecessary parts (concave and convex parts) above and below the overlapping part of each film when combining. This is because the output image becomes easier to see by performing this processing when reading the data in the image memory in FIG.

(Embodiment 3) In the above-mentioned second embodiment, a plurality of films of continuous images and original images are read, overlapping portions of each film are detected, and overlapping portions are detected. The process of flattening the composite image by deleting unnecessary portions (concave and convex portions) above and below the overlapping portion of each film when cutting and compositing has been described, but the output of the second embodiment described above is described. Using Figure 1
In the second image processing unit 110, the scaling processing unit performing the enlargement / reduction processing, the reduction processing near the center of the image and the enlargement processing near the both ends of the image as shown in FIG. By performing enlargement processing near the center and reduction processing near both ends, it is possible to form an image with a sense of perspective (realism).

(Embodiment 4) In the above-mentioned first to third embodiments, a method of automatically detecting the overlapping portion of each film, cutting the overlapping portion and synthesizing them is described. However, it is also possible for the user to manually operate the part to be cut from the operation panel to combine images.

As described above, in the first to fourth embodiments, by compositing a plurality of film images, overlapping portions and unnecessary portions of each film are deleted, and the composite image is flattened. In addition, automatically and manually adjust the color, density and magnification of the jointed part,
It is possible to form a single image from a plurality of images in which the joint portion is not unnatural. In addition, reduction processing near the center of the image and enlargement processing near both ends, addition of enlargement processing near the center of the image and reduction processing near both ends,
It is possible to form an image with a sense of perspective (realism).

(Embodiment 5) FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. This is an example of the image reading apparatus, and its structure is shown in FIG. An image pickup device 113 such as a CCD including a plurality of light receiving elements arranged in the main scanning direction is used to read image information of a document placed on the document table glass 111. The illumination light from the halogen lamp 114 is the original 112.
Mirrors 115, 116, 11 reflected from the original on the surface
An image is formed on the image sensor 113 by the lens 118 via the lens 7. The optical unit 123 including the illumination 114 and the mirror 115 and the optical unit 124 including the mirrors 116 and 117 move at a relative speed of 2: 1. This optical unit moves from left to right at a constant speed while being PLL controlled by the DC servo motor 119. This moving speed is 22.5 mm depending on the magnification on the outward path.
It is variable from / sec to 360 mm / sec, and is always 800 mm / sec on the return path.

A main scanning direction (hereinafter, referred to as an X direction) orthogonal to a moving sub scanning direction (hereinafter, referred to as an X direction) of this optical unit.
400 dots by the image sensor 113.
Optical unit 123 while reading at a resolution of 1 / inch
Is moved to the home position at the left end in FIG. 8, and one scan is completed.

As a result, the entire original is read and scanned line by line. Reference numeral 121 denotes a light shield plate, and this light shield plate 12
It is detected that 1 is located at the home position consisting of the photo interrupter.

Reference numeral 131 denotes a projector unit in which a lamp condensing lens and the like are built in, 133 is a halogen lamp, 132 is a reflecting plate for reflecting the light of the halogen lamp 133, 134 is a condensing lens, 136 is a projection lens, and 23.
0 is a film to be read, 127 is a reflection mirror, 11
Reference numeral 2 denotes a Fresnel lens for forming a film image on a reading portion inside the scanner, and 135, the plurality of films stored in the tray 137 are continuously conveyed to the reading position while being rotationally moved, and drawn out from the reading position after the reading is completed. It is an auto carrier. This projector unit 13
1, the transmitted light of the document is projected on the document table glass 111, and the film image is read by the CCD 113.

Reference numeral 140 is a color printer for printing an image read by the CCD 113.

[Explanation of Signal Processing Blocks in Image Reading Apparatus] FIG. 7 shows an example of the configuration of signal processing blocks in the image reading apparatus shown in FIG.

Illumination is a halogen lamp 133 in this embodiment.
The light source light amount control unit 201 controls the lighting voltage to perform dimming.

The analog image signal for each line read by the CCD 113 is amplified by the amplifier 203 and then multivalued by the A / D converter 204 (in this embodiment, 8).
Bit) digital image signal.

In this embodiment, the original black level is set to "0" and the white level is set to "255" for reading. Fixed values are given to the black reference level and the white reference level of the A / D converter 204, the halogen lamp 133 is completely turned off, and A / D in a state where no light enters the CCD 113.
The offset of the amplifier 203 is adjusted so that the D conversion output becomes 0 level which is completely black.

The CCD drive signal generation circuit 205 is the CCD 1
A CCD drive signal 206 such as a reset signal, a clock signal, and a horizontal synchronizing signal necessary for driving the A / D converter 13 is generated, and a clock signal 207 to the A / D converter 204
Is generated and a CCD address 208, which is an address signal for identifying each bit of the CCD 113, is generated. In the present embodiment, since the CCD 113 has a line sensor of 5000 pixels, the CCD address is counted up from 0 to 4999 corresponding to 5000 pixels read in synchronization with the horizontal synchronizing signal.

A shading correction circuit 209 executes the shading correction shown in FIG. 13 on the digital image signal from the A / D converter 204.

Shading correction means halogen lamp 133, uneven light distribution included in Fresnel lens 112, uneven sensitivity of each pixel of CCD 113, or amplifier 2.
Image signal 2 due to amplification setting error of 03
16 inequalities are corrected. When the original is a negative film, the color balance of the base film is also corrected. The memory 210 stores the image data in the CPU circuit section 21.
2 is a memory for loading.

The LOG conversion circuit 241 is for performing LOG conversion on the image signal whose shading has been corrected. The LOG conversion is to convert a luminance signal composed of RGB (red, green, blue) into a density signal composed of YMC (yellow, magenta, cyan). The LOG memory 242 is a memory for storing table data for LOG conversion, and in this embodiment,
Four types of LOG conversion table data are stored for negative film.

The motor driver 223 controls forward and backward movements and speed of the optical system drive motor 119.
Forward, reverse, and speed data are received from the data bus 222 of the CPU 212, and P is generated by the encoder pulse signal 224 synchronized with the motor rotation from the DC servo motor 119.
The drive control of the motor 119 is performed using the LL control. The main scanning position of the optical system is detected by counting the encoder pulse signal 224.

The home position sensor 120 is a sensor composed of a photo interrupter. The CPU 212 is a ROM storing a control means program and a working RA.
A microcomputer including an M, a calculation unit, etc.
The illumination system light amount control and the operation unit control are performed.

[Explanation of CCD amplifier 203] FIG.
The structure of the amplifier 203 of CD113 is shown.

The output voltage amplification factor of the CCD is controlled by the 7-bit D / A converters 601 to 603 as shown in FIG.

[Description of Shading Correction] FIG. 11 shows an outline of shading correction in this embodiment. The horizontal axis corresponds to each pixel of the CCD 113, and the vertical axis is the A / D converter output value corresponding to each pixel. Characteristic a is a shading characteristic corresponding to a standard white original. Here, a standard white original in the case of reading a positive film means an image or the like projected in a state in which no film is set. Further, the standard white original in the case of reading a negative film means an image or the like projected with the base film set.

The original image signal b read with this shading characteristic is output as an image signal c corrected by shading correction. Since the output of the CCD 113 is proportional to the amount of light,

[0047]

## EQU1 ## C = (240 / a) × b (1) 240: Corrected as a standardized white level (0 ≦ b ≦ 255).

Shading correction table RAM 215
Correction data based on this correction formula is stored in the CPU circuit unit 2.
Written by 12. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, the shading characteristic a from the shading data RAM 211 is input to the upper address of the RAM 215 in synchronization with each bit of the CCD, and the A / D conversion output by reading the original is input to the lower address. The shading correction table RAM 215 is configured so that the correction output c is output depending on the combination of the a input and the b input.

[Explanation of Flowchart of Processing when Shading Data is Sampling] FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing the processing by the CPU circuit unit 212 when sampling the shading data.

In step S801, the shading correction table RAM 215 is initialized, and the digital signal of the A / D converter 204 is not converted, and the memory 2 is stored as it is.
10 is stored. That is, the same value as the address is written in the lower address 8-bit portion of the shading correction table RAM 215, and 0 is written in the upper address 8-bit portion of the shading correction table RAM 215. Then, in step S802, the CCD amplifier 203 is initialized. After the initial setting, in step S803, the light source voltage of the lamp 133 is controlled so that the maximum value of the A / D conversion values of the R signal, the G signal, and the B signal does not exceed a specific value (240 in this embodiment). , Control the light intensity of the lamp. And step S80
4, the CCD amplifier 203 is controlled and the R signal, G
The CCD amplifier 203 so that the maximum value of each of the signals B and B is close to a specific value (240 in this embodiment).
Determine the control value of.

At this time, in step S805, R, G, and B of the CCD amplifier 203 obtained in step S804 are obtained.
The following values are obtained by setting the amplification factors of the respective signals to G _R , G _G , and G _B.

[0052]

[Equation 2]

However, R _R , R _G , and R _B are _R and R, respectively.
Initial value of CCD amplifier gain for each G and B signal Here, in step S806, one LOG table is selected from four types of LOG tables as shown in FIG. 14 corresponding to each value of X and Y. Set. That is, X <
When 0.5 and Y <0.5, the LOG table 1 is selected.

When X ≧ 0.5 and Y <0.5, the LOG table 2 is selected.

When X <0.5 and Y ≧ 0.5, the LOG table 3 is selected.

When X ≧ 0.5 and Y ≧ 0.5, the LOG table 4 is selected.

Each LOG table has X,
It is assumed that the color balance is set to be the best for the Y value. The data of the selected LOG table is transferred from the LOG memory 242 to the LOG conversion circuit 241.

Then, in step S807, the image data in the memory 210 is transferred to the CPU 212. The S / N of the image data can be improved by transferring the image data to the CPU 212 multiple times and averaging the image data inside the CPU 212. In step S808, the image data input in step S807 is stored in the shading data RAM 211, and in step S809,
The values of the shading correction table RAM 215 are configured so that the calculation result represented by the equation (1) can be obtained.

In this way, it becomes possible to change the characteristics of luminance density conversion depending on the color balance of the base film of each negative film.

(Embodiment 6) In the fifth embodiment, four kinds of LOG tables for luminance density conversion are prepared, and the selection condition of each LOG table is linearly divided. Therefore, as the sixth embodiment, if the number of types of the brightness density conversion table is increased and the conditions for selecting the brightness density conversion table are determined in detail, the optimum color balance can be realized for each film. Become.

(Embodiment 7) As a seventh embodiment, a method not using a base film can be considered. In this case, shading is performed in the same way as in the above-described embodiment by utilizing the peripheral base portion having no image in the negative film for image input. FIG. 15 shows an example of a negative film, and the portion a is a portion without an image like the base film. At the time of shading data sampling, the same control as in the fifth embodiment is performed using only the transmitted light of the base portion of a of the negative film of FIG. In this way, more rapid image processing became possible without using the base film.

As described above, according to the fifth to seventh embodiments, the optimum luminance density conversion can be performed for each film based on the color data of the non-image part of the negative film to be read. It is possible to obtain a stable signal regarding color balance.

(Embodiment 8) FIG. 16 shows a slide film 4
11 and FIG. 17 are views showing the slide film 411 inserted into the film support device 401.

When the slide film 411 is mounted on the film supporting device 401, the film supporting device 401
The two detection holes 412-1 and 412-2 are arranged at positions inside the aperture 402 of FIG.

18 and 19 are a perspective view and a front view showing the film supporting device 401 inserted into the film magazine 403 and set at a predetermined reading position. In the film magazine 403, it is determined whether the slide film 411 is set at a predetermined reading position and the film supporting device 4 as in the conventional example.
LEDP ₁ for determining whether 01 is vertical or horizontal,
P ₂ , P ₃ and photosensors S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ are provided. In addition to this, LE which is a feature of the present invention
The DP ₄ and the photo sensor S ₄ are the film supporting device 4
01 is inserted into the film magazine 403 and set at a predetermined reading position, the detection holes 412-1 and 412
It is arranged at a position facing 2.

The operation of reading a film with a film scanner using the film supporting apparatus 401 having the above-described structure will be described below.

First, when the slide film 411 is mounted in the front (front) direction like the first frame R of the film supporting device 401 shown in FIG.
01 in the film magazine 403 in the horizontal direction y (vertical direction t)
From the detection hole 412-2 (412-
1) is a position facing the LEDP ₄ and the photosensor S ₄ , so the photosensor S ₄ is turned on (see FIG. 2).
0), it is determined that the slide film 411 is mounted face up.

Next, when the slide film 411 is mounted face down like the second frame Φ of the film support device 401 shown in FIG. 17, the detection hole 412 is set when the film support device 401 is set in the film magazine 403. −
1, 412-2 are LEDP ₄ and photosensor S ₄
The photo sensor S ₄ is turned off (FIG. 21) because it deviates from the position opposite to that (FIG. 21), and it is determined that the slide film 411 is mounted face down.

As described above, the slide film 41
When the copy start key on the main body (not shown) is pressed after determining the front / back side of 1, the normal image is output in the case of the front side, and the color copy machine connected to the film scanner in the case of the back side (for example, product name). Color laser copier 500)
The mirror image function of is operated and the read image is inverted and output. Therefore, a normal image can always be output regardless of whether the slide film 411 is mounted on the front side or the back side.

(Embodiment 9) FIG. 22 is a view showing a slide film 421 according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 23 is a view showing a slide film 421 inserted into a film supporting device 401. The slide film 421
Is processed so that the front surface is white and the back surface is black (hatched portion in FIG. 22). 24 and 25 are a perspective view and a front view showing a state where the film supporting device 401 is inserted into the film magazine 403 and set at a predetermined reading position. Unlike in the eighth embodiment, the film magazine 403 is arranged not at a position where the LEDP ₄ and the photosensor S ₄ face each other but at a position next to each other. An operation of reading a film by a film scanner using the film supporting device 401 configured as described above will be described below. First, when the slide film 421 is mounted face up like the first frame R of the film supporting device 401 shown in FIG. 23, the film supporting device 401 is set in the film magazine 403 in the horizontal direction y (vertical direction t). Sometimes, the surface (white) of the slide film 421 is an LED
Since it is on the P ₄ side, the photo sensor S ₄ is turned on (FIG. 26), and it is determined that the slide film 421 is mounted face up.

Next, when the slide film 421 is mounted face down like the second frame Φ of the film supporting device 401 shown in FIG. 23, when the film supporting device 401 is set in the film magazine 403, the slide film 421 is slid. Since the back surface (black) of the film 421 is on the LEDP ₄ side, the photosensor S ₄ is OFF (FIG. 27), and it is determined that the slide film 421 is mounted face down.

As described above, the slide film 42
If the copy start key on the film scanner body (not shown) is pressed after determining the front / back side of 1, the normal image is output in the case of the front side and the color copier connected to the film scanner in the case of the back side. By operating the mirror image function, the image read by the film scanner is inverted and output. Therefore, a normal image can always be output regardless of whether the slide film 421 is mounted on the front side or the back side.

(Embodiment 10) FIG. 28 is a view showing a slide film 431 according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 29 is a view showing a slide film 431 inserted into a film supporting device 401. The slide film 43
In FIG. 1, two detectors 432-1 and 432-2 are arranged at positions inside the aperture 402 of the film supporting device 401 when the film supporting device 401 is mounted.

24 and 25 are a perspective view and a front view showing the film supporting device 401 inserted into the film magazine 403 and set at a predetermined reading position. Similar to the ninth embodiment, the film magazine 403 is arranged not at a position where the LEDP ₄ and the photosensor S ₄ face each other, but at a position next to each other.

The operation of reading a film with a film scanner using the film supporting apparatus 401 having the above-described structure will be described below.

First, when the slide film 431 is mounted face up like the first frame R of the film support device 401 shown in FIG. 29, the film support device 401 is placed in the film magazine 403 in the horizontal direction y (vertical direction t). When set from, the detection unit 432-2 (432-1) is LE
Since it is on the DP ₄ side, the photo sensor S ₄ is turned on (FIG. 30), and it is determined that the slide film 431 is mounted face up.

Next, when the slide film 431 is mounted face down like the second frame Φ of the film supporting device 401 shown in FIG. 29, when the film supporting device 401 is set in the film magazine 403, the slide film 431 is slid. The detection unit 432-2 (432-1) of the film 431 is an LED
Photo sensor S ₄ is off because it is on the opposite side of P _4.
Then (FIG. 31), it is determined that the slide film 431 is mounted face down.

As described above, the slide film 431
When the copy start key (not shown) of the film scanner is pressed after determining the front / back of, the normal image is output in the case of the front and the mirror image function of the color copying machine connected to the film scanner in the case of the back. Is activated and the read image is inverted and output. Therefore, regardless of whether the slide film 431 is mounted on the front side or the back side, a normal image can always be output.

As described above, according to the eighth to tenth embodiments, the output image is always output as a normal image regardless of whether the slide film is mounted on the film support device in the front or back direction. .

Therefore, there is an effect that the user can eliminate the miscopy caused by accidentally mounting the slide film in the opposite direction. Further, it is possible to eliminate the troublesome operation of mounting the slide film on the film support device while checking the front / back of the slide film.

(Eleventh Embodiment) The eleventh embodiment of the present invention will be described below. 36A and 36B are front and side views showing the configuration of the present embodiment (projector). The projector is placed on the platen glass of the image forming apparatus 700.

A photographic film holder 501 is used to set a negative / positive film. A Fresnel plate 502 is a type of lens that collects light with a uniform light amount distribution at the image reading position (original platen glass) of the image forming apparatus. Reference numeral 503 is a switch for turning on and off the halogen lamp of the projector.

Numeral 504 is a volume for adjusting the light quantity of the halogen lamp of the projector. 505 is a power switch of the projector main body. 506 is an AC power cable. Reference numeral 507 denotes a projector projection portion storage button, which is for pressing the button to store the integrated lamp and film holder storage portion in the empty space of the main body power switch. 508
Is a roller for adjusting the focus of the film. Reference numeral 509 is a knob of a chart for focus adjustment.

Normally, when using a projector,
By selecting the projector key (601 in FIG. 41) on the operation unit of the image forming apparatus, the projector mode is entered, and each setting item is sequentially set according to the display on the display 602 in FIG. In this process, the projector is installed, and adjustments such as halogen lamp lighting, light intensity adjustment, focus adjustment, and shading adjustment are performed, and after a series of adjustments is completed, the image output can be obtained by pressing the copy button of the image forming apparatus. it can.

The path from the configuration diagram of the image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 42 to the output of the image from the projector will be described. The film transmitted light of the projector projected on the platen glass 701 in FIG. 42 by pressing the copy start key 603 of FIG.
Optical scanner unit scans the projected image, the scan information is optically sent to the lens 706 through the reflection mirrors 703 to 705, and BLUE (B), GREEN (G ), RE
Divided into three colors of D (R), 3 for 708 colors
The respective line sensors of the line CCD sensor convert the electric signals of BLUE, GREEN, and RED, respectively. The original image information converted into an electric signal by the color 3-line CCD sensor 708 is subjected to image data processing, and then projected as laser light from a laser transmitter 709, and a polygon mirror 710, 7
An image is formed on the photoconductor 713 through the reflection mirrors 11, 712. The image formed on the photoconductor 713 is transferred to the transfer paper sent from the transfer paper stacking unit 717 and 718, sent to the fixing device 715 by the transport belt 714, and fixed, and then discharged 716. It is ejected from the paper section.

Here, the lighting of the halogen lamp, the light amount adjustment, and the focus adjustment are performed by the same method in any projector, but the shading varies depending on the spectral characteristics of the projector lamp and the light amount distribution correction level of the Fresnel plate. FIG. 37 and FIG. 38 show diagrams of the light amount distribution on the light source (halogen lamp 800) and the irradiation surface 801 (projection surface). In FIG. 37, the point of the shortest distance 1 between the halogen lamp 800 of t candela (cd) and the irradiation surface 801 is a, and the line passing through a and parallel to the sub-scanning direction of the image forming apparatus is represented by A, B, and C. And b, c, and concentric circles (portions having the same amount of light: portions having the same distance from the light source) centering on a and b, c, and
Assuming d and e (a, b, c, d, and e represent light amounts),
FIG. 38 shows the light amount distribution vertically cut along the lines A, B, and C.
Corresponding to A, B, and C. In FIG. 38, the respective features are emphasized for easy understanding. When the light quantity is s, the light quantity is expressed by the following formula.

[0087]

[Equation 3]

As is clear from this equation, the amount of light decreases as the distance from the light source increases. That is, the lens-shaped light source has a divergent mountain-shaped light amount distribution with a at the apex. However, in this light quantity distribution, there is a considerable difference in light quantity between the center portion and the end portion when performing shading correction, and thus shading correction becomes troublesome. Therefore, as shown by 802 in FIG. 39, the output light of the target lens light source, which is the point light source, is made to approach parallel light such as sunlight and the light is condensed at an appropriate position of the reading system of the image forming apparatus. It is known to use various Fresnel plates. 39 and 40 are views showing the light amount distribution when a Fresnel plate is attached corresponding to the above-mentioned FIGS. 37 and 38. The light amount distributions of A ′, B ′, and C ′, which are cross sections parallel to the sub-scanning direction on the irradiation surface 801 of FIG. 39, are A ′ of FIG.
It is as shown by B'and C ', respectively. As can be seen from FIG. 40, the light amount distribution in each cross section is corrected to be uniform light, but a completely uniform light amount distribution characteristic cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate the factors that affect the output image from the image forming apparatus, such as the light amount distribution characteristic that cannot be corrected by the Fresnel plate and the variation between the bits of the CCD linear image sensor. There are roughly two known methods for obtaining shading data when a projector is used. One is to stop the optical mirror stand at the sample points for the number of points (number of times) set in the sub-scanning direction of the base film (similar object) projected in the projection area of the projector, and sample (same number of times as set). The same data is read at each point and the average value is used as the read value for that point.) The data is collected for each pixel sampled for each line, and the average is finally taken for each pixel Shading data within the projection area of The second method is to accumulate data sampled at fixed points in the sub-scanning direction, create a histogram for each pixel, and perform data complementation in the main-scanning direction. It has shading data for each line. Both of these methods have problems, and the first method only uses the average value of each pixel as the representative value of shading. Therefore, this is not an accurate light amount distribution correction, but rather an approximate shading. This is a correction, and the output image of the image forming apparatus may be slightly affected by the light amount distribution. The second method solves the above-described first problem, but has a problem that the shading processing time becomes long and programming becomes complicated.

Therefore, a shading process which can solve the above-mentioned problems was devised. As can be seen from FIG. 40, even when the light quantity distribution characteristic is improved by using a Fresnel plate, the total light quantity cannot be made uniform (it is difficult to make the light quantity uniform). By Figure 4
Differences in the light amount levels such as 0 ', A', B ', and C'are generated. That is, if a weighted average is obtained by using this difference in the light amount level, it is possible to obtain shading data that is more appropriate for the actual light amount distribution characteristic in a shorter time than the monotone average for each pixel. In general, the weighted average formula can be expressed as follows.

[0090]

[Equation 4]

From this equation 4, the optimum coefficients α _n , ..., γ
_n must be set. Where α _n , ..., γ _n
Is a coefficient for weighted averaging, and X _n , Y _n , and Z _n represent read data of different points of the same pixel as shown in FIG. That is, the reference images in the projector projection area are read by the image forming apparatus in the order of C ′, B ′, and A ′ shown in FIG.

The images on l ₀ , l ₁ and l _{2 in} FIG. 43 are read by the CCD linear image sensor as the same pixel data. Where the coefficient α _n ,
· ·, Gamma but _n is an allocation of a conventional averaging method is slightly dark eye image to the image in the vicinity of the end portion of the output image becomes insufficient amount of light as compared to the image center in order to obtain an image output It was. This is because the average value is used as the shading data, and the cause is that the edge data is overdrawn by the shading correction. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, it is necessary to perform shading correction with emphasis on the edge image. That is, since the halogen lamp that is a point light source is used, the problem of non-uniform light amount distribution existing in the main scanning direction also exists in the sub scanning direction. Therefore, when the image output is performed, the image of the part away from the image center is easily affected by the light amount distribution. Therefore, if the specific gravity of the shading correction is increased in that part (the end of the image output), the weighted average is obtained. The coefficient of is higher at the edge of the image. An example of the weighted average coefficient is shown below. Table 1 shows the quantity of light from a halogen lamp, which is a point light source.
It is a table shown by graded evaluation (MAX: 1, MIN: 4). Here, the bright part is set to 1 and the dark part is set to 4 in order to increase the specific gravity at the time of shading correction. Under these circumstances, if the coefficient is determined by obtaining the ratio of 1-pixel data in the main scanning direction of this light amount distribution map,
It is possible to perform shading correction in consideration of the light amount distribution in the sub-scanning direction.

[0093]

[Table 1]

Assuming that the data in the bold frame in Table 1 is the weighted average coefficient on l ₁ in FIG. 43, the coefficients are as follows.

Α _{1 to} γ ₁ : 0.2, 0.15, 0.1,
If 0.1, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, and the weighted average coefficient on l _n in FIG. 43 are α _{n to} γ _n , all the corresponding parts on Table 1 have 4 lines. , Α _{n to} γ _n = 1/7,
That is, it is an average value. In this way, the weighted average coefficient for all pixels is not fixed but is set for each pixel, so that the light amount distribution can be optimally corrected. FIG. 44 shows a processing flow.

First, in S41, the optical mirror base is moved to the tip of the image from the projector in S42,
The data for one line is read in S43, the data is temporarily stored in S44, it is determined in S45 whether the mirror base has moved to the rear end of the image from the projector, and if not moved to the rear end, the mirror is used in S46. The table is moved to the next sample point, the process returns to S43, and if it has moved to the rear end in S45, the process proceeds to S47. The optical mirror base is moved to the home position in S47, the light amount distribution data is referred to in S48, and it is determined whether or not the data is abnormal in S49.
If there is, the process ends, and if not, the weighted average for each pixel is calculated from the data obtained in S50 by referring to the weighted average coefficient.
The data calculated in 51 is stored in the shading RAM.

(Embodiment 12) As shown in FIG. 45, when shading data is sampled in the sub-scanning direction, data of several bits before and after each of reading points A ₁ , B ₁ and C ₁ are read, If shading data is obtained by weighted averaging in the main and sub-scanning directions based on the average data, data with less error can be obtained.

(Embodiment 13) When sampling the shading data, the point data such as X ₀ , Y ₀ , Z ₀ shown in FIG. 43 is read in the projector projection area even when the optical mirror base is backed up, and the same point is read. Similar effects can be obtained by averaging the data and then determining the weighted average.

(Embodiment 14) When the weighted average coefficients on l _{1 of} FIG. 43 are α ₁ , ..., γ ₁ , the respective coefficients are as shown below.

Α _{1 to} γ ₁ : 0.2, 0.15, 0.1,
0.1, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, where the weighted average coefficient indicates the coefficient in the sub-scanning direction, and the coefficient is constant in all pixels in the main scanning direction. This makes it possible to shorten the processing time and obtain substantially the same effect as in the case where all the coefficients in the main and sub-scanning directions are changed.

In the conventional method, the processing time may be long if the processing is not affected by the light quantity distribution, and the light and darkness due to the image light quantity may appear if the processing is performed without considering the influence of the light quantity distribution deeply. However, according to the embodiments 11 to 14 of the present invention, the influence of these two problems can be reduced, and the light quantity distribution can be corrected in a shorter time.

[0102]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) By synthesizing a plurality of film images, overlapping portions and unnecessary portions of the respective films are deleted, the synthesized image is made flat, and the tint, the density and the magnification of the joint portion are eliminated. Can be automatically and manually adjusted to form a single image from a plurality of images in which the joint portion is not unnatural.

(2) Based on the color data of the non-image portion of the negative film to be read, the optimum luminance density conversion can be performed for each film, and a stable signal with respect to color balance can be obtained.

(3) Whether the slide film is mounted on the film support device in the front / back direction, the output image is always output as a normal image.

(4) It is possible to correct the light amount distribution during image processing in a shorter time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an image processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an aspect of a process of converting a plurality of continuous films into one image.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an overlapping portion detection unit.

FIG. 4A is a flowchart of a method of detecting an overlapping portion of two films, and FIG. 4B is a diagram showing coordinates of the two films.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another aspect of the process of converting a plurality of continuous films into one image.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing still another aspect.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a structure of an image processing apparatus of a fifth embodiment.

9 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an amplifier 203 in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a relationship between an amplifier control digital value and an output voltage amplification factor.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing shading correction.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a shading correction circuit.

FIG. 13 CP when shading data is sampled
7 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure by the U circuit unit 212.

FIG. 14 is an LO at the time of shading data sampling
It is a figure which shows selection of a G conversion table.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a negative film used in a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a plan view of a slide film according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a partial plan view of the film supporting device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the film magazine according to the embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a plan view of the film magazine according to the example.

FIG. 20 is a slide film and LE in the example.
It is sectional drawing which shows the positional relationship of D and a photosensor.

21 is a sectional view similar to FIG.

FIG. 22 is a plan view of a slide film according to a ninth example.

FIG. 23 is a partial plan view of the film supporting apparatus.

FIG. 24 is a perspective view of the film magazine.

FIG. 25 is a plan view of the film magazine.

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the slide film, LEDs, and photosensors.

27 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 26.

FIG. 28 is a plan view of a slide film according to a tenth embodiment.

FIG. 29 is a partial plan view of the film supporting apparatus.

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the slide film, LEDs, and photosensors.

31 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 30. FIG.

FIG. 32 is a perspective view of a film scanner body.

FIG. 33 is a perspective view of a conventional film support device.

FIG. 34 is a perspective view of a conventional film magazine.

FIG. 35 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 36 (a) is a front view of the projector,
(B) is the same side view.

FIG. 37 is a diagram showing a light amount distribution on a light source and an irradiation surface.

FIG. 38 is a diagram showing a light amount distribution on an irradiation surface.

FIG. 39 is a diagram showing a light quantity distribution on an irradiation surface of light transmitted through a light source and a Fresnel plate.

FIG. 40 is a diagram showing a light amount distribution on an irradiation surface based on FIG. 39.

FIG. 41 is a front view of the operation panel.

FIG. 42 is a configuration diagram of an image forming apparatus.

FIG. 43 is a diagram showing a projector projection area and sampling points.

FIG. 44 is a flowchart of light amount distribution correction processing.

FIG. 45 is a diagram showing another example of a projector projection area and sampling points.

[Explanation of symbols]

 104 Photoelectric Element 108 Overlapping Part Detection Unit 109 Image Compositing Unit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yusaku Tanabe 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Masafumi Kamei 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Within the corporation

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A reading means for reading an image, a memory means for temporarily holding a plurality of consecutive image data read by the reading means, and an overlapping of adjacent images from the image data held in the memory means. An image characterized by comprising a detection means for detecting an area in which the image is present, and a combination means for synthesizing each image so as to be continuous while cutting the overlapping portion based on the detection result of the detection means. Processing equipment. 2. The synthesizing means according to claim 1, wherein unnecessary portions above and below an overlapping portion of each image are deleted,
An image processing device which flattens a composite image. 3. The image processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the synthesizing unit adjusts at least one of the tint, the density, and the magnification of the joint portion of the images. 4. The combining means according to claim 3, wherein the synthesizing means adds reduction processing near the center of the image and enlargement processing near both ends, or enlargement processing near the center of the image and reduction processing near both ends. An image processing apparatus, which forms an image with perspective. 5. A reading means for reading an image of the original by transmitted light from the original, and a plurality of converting means for converting an image signal read by the reading means into a density signal based on different characteristics from each other, An image processing apparatus comprising: a selection unit that selects one of the plurality of conversion units based on image read data from the reading unit. 6. An original holding means for reading an image of the original by transmitted light from the original, and an original holding means for setting the original at a predetermined reading position of the reading means. An image processing apparatus comprising a detection means for detecting a front / back discrimination means provided on the document. 7. A light source, a reading means for reading the original image at an irradiation position of light from the light source which has passed through the original, and a reading signal from the reading means is weighted for each reading position of the original image. An image processing apparatus comprising: 8. The image processing apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a correction plate provided between the document and the irradiation position to correct a light amount distribution of light transmitted through the document. 9. The image processing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the reading unit has a variable scanning speed for image reading.