JPH076600B2 - Transformer water supply method and water transformer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) In the present invention, when all or a part of a water supply pipeline has an inclination, the water drop is used to increase the water supply pressure to improve the water supply efficiency. , Water supply method, irrigation water for agriculture, small-scale power generation, etc.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, regarding the pipe water supply method, loss due to a change in cross-sectional area,
Although there have been various studies on loss related to curved pipes and elbow pipes, losses such as confluence or shunting, countermeasures against water hammer action, and economic diameter and flow velocity technology, the head of the slope of the water supply channel is actively investigated. No consideration was given to the water supply technology used for the.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) The pipe water supply method has been widely used for various purposes since there is no concern that foreign matter may enter the water supply and the construction is relatively simple. Since it is large, it is often pressurized with a power pump to send water, and water was rarely sent using the natural inclination of the water supply channel.

However, although there were cases where it was used on a small scale such as for drawing in private drinking water, there was no full-fledged water transmission technology that used the natural head of the water supply channel.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a variable-pressure water supply method and a water-supply transformer for performing efficient water supply by utilizing the inclination of a water supply channel that has not been conventionally performed as described above.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is directed to pipe water supply, in which a fountain cylinder provided with a nozzle and a float valve are sealed in the middle of a water pipe having an inclination. Connect an appropriate number of water supply transformers built in the vessel, and use the downflow pressure to eject the running water from the upstream side of the slope into the fountain cylinder and store it in the vessel above the prescribed liquid level. This is a variable displacement water supply method in which the water pressure is increased by using the pressure of the water accumulated in the vessel by sending water from the bottom of the vessel to the water supply pipe on the downstream side.

In addition, for connecting to the middle of the inclined water supply pipe, a vertically long fountain cylinder with an open upper end is inserted and fixed from the lower end of the sealed vessel, and the water from the upstream side is fed to the lower part of this fountain cylinder. A water supply transformer provided with an upward nozzle connected to the inlet and further provided with a float valve for delivering water downstream from the outlet provided at the lower end of the vessel when fountain collects up to a predetermined liquid level in the vessel. Is.

(Operation) The water flowing down from the upstream side is jetted using the head into the fountain cylinder of the water transformer installed in the middle of the inclined water pipe, and the water discharged from the upper end opening of the fountain cylinder is ejected. The float valve, which was placed in the vessel to keep the liquid level as close as possible to the top of the fountain in this vessel, opened the float valve by the buoyancy of the float when it accumulated above the predetermined level, By sending water from the lower outlet of the container to the next water supply pipe, the water pressure at the height from the liquid surface to the outlet and the air in the container are compressed by the water and are generated. The water surface pressure is increased by the air pressure to increase the water supply pressure and improve the water supply efficiency.

(Embodiment) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a pressure tank (C) is installed at an appropriate water intake point on the inclined surface, and is connected to a water source by a pipe or the like so as to draw water into it.

The water pipe (P
1), water transformer (T1), water pipe (P2), water transformer (T
2), water pipe (P3), water transformer (T3), water pipe (P4)
... and an appropriate number (or even one) of water-supplying transformers of the same structure are alternately connected between the water-supplying pipes and the water-supplying pipes in an inclining downward direction, and extended to the downstream water receiving site. To do.

Next, the structure and operation of the water supply transformer (T1) [(T2) (T3) ... Same] will be described.

Fig. 2 is a detailed cross section of the water supply transformer (T1), in which a vertically long tubular fountain cylinder (S) with an open upper end is inserted from the bottom of the vertically long container (Ca). There is a space between the upper end of (S) and the top of the vessel (Ca) so that the fountain from the upper edge of the fountain (S) can be ejected, and the bottom of the vessel (Ca) is surrounded by the fountain (S). Sealed and fixed by welding.

This fountain cylinder (S) has a nozzle (N) that is directed upward toward the bottom center.
An L-shaped inlet pipe (Pi) serving as an inlet (I) for water supply is connected to the nozzle (N), and a flange (F) at the other end is provided.
Is attached, the water pipe (P1) on the upstream side is connected, and the diameter of the fountain cylinder (S) is as large as possible to allow free convection because the air inside does not resist the fountain. , Fountain cylinder (S) and container (Ca)
The ventilation pipe (B) communicating with the upper space of the inside is provided to improve the circulation of air in the fountain cylinder (S) and the vessel (Ca) to further reduce the air resistance of the fountain. .

Further, the lower end of a fountain guide plate (G) having a curved tip is fixedly provided on the upper end of the fountain cylinder (S), and the fountain is placed in the vessel (Ca) along the fountain guide plate (G). I'm trying to fall.

Further, although the spilled water of the fountain may accumulate at the lower end of the fountain cylinder (S), a drain valve (Dv) is provided to discharge the accumulated water by a float when the fountain spills over a certain amount.

Further, an L-shaped outlet pipe (Po) serving as an outlet (O) is attached to the lower end of the container (Ca) with a flange (F) at the tip, and this flange (F) is used to feed the downstream side. Water pipe (P
2), a float valve (Fv) equipped with a float (Fl) is installed at the inlet of this outlet pipe (Po), and this float valve (Fv) is inside the container (Ca). It regulates the accumulated water so that the water surface is kept at a high position as close as possible to the top of the fountain, and the water that collects above this water level is sent to the downstream side by opening the float valve (Fv). After the water reaches a certain level, as long as the water is continuously sprayed, the float valve (Fv) will continue to send water to the downstream side by the amount of the fountain open.

In the above configuration, from the pressure tank (C) to the water pipe (P
Water that has passed through 1) through the inlet (I) of the water transformer (T1) passes through the nozzle (N) provided at the bottom of the fountain cylinder (S),
The water pressure in the pressure tank (C) and the water pressure generated by the inclination of the water supply pipe (P1) are combined into the water pressure at the inlet (Piwp) to squirt into the water fountain (S), and at the top of the water fountain (S). When guided by the guide plate (G) and accumulated in the vessel (Ca) and the liquid level reaches a position where the float (Fl) near the top of the fountain can be floated by buoyancy, the float valve (Fv) opens and exits. The water is sent from (O) to the receiving site via the water pipe (P2), water transformer (T2), water pipe (P3), water transformer (T3) ...

Here, the inlet water pressure (Piwp) to the water supply transformer (T1) compresses the air in this container (Ca) by collecting the water ejected from the nozzle (N) in the container (Ca). Air pressure (Pa)
Occurs, and this air pressure (Pa) is the water pressure obtained by ordinary piping without the water supply transformer (T1), that is, the water supply pipe (P1)
The water pressure transmitted to the water pipe (P2) that is connected from the device appears as air pressure, and this air pressure (Pa) presses the liquid surface of the water that has accumulated in the vessel (Ca). (Pa)
And the drop water pressure (Ph) from the liquid surface to the outlet (O), the total appears as the outlet water pressure (Powp), and this outlet water pressure (Powp)
p) That is, the water pressure at the inlet of the next water pipe (P2) is higher than the conventional direct piping by the drop water pressure (Ph) accumulated in the vessel (Ca).

FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the water pressure obtained when the three-stage water supply transformer according to the variable pressure water supply method of the present invention is provided with the water pressure by conventional simple pipe water supply under the same conditions. According to the conventional method, according to the conventional method, in the case of the present invention, the water supply pressure (Psl) obtained by the gradient (Sl) shown by the broken line in which a straight line is piped from the point X to the point Y is used as described above.
From point to Y point, the pressure is increased stepwise by the water supply transformer (T1) (T2) (T3), and the pressure can be expressed by the sawtooth pressure line (Q). (Q) is a slope (S
It can be regarded as a straight pipe along l '), and the water supply pressure (Psl') can be obtained between the X and Y points, and the water supply pressure increases by the difference from the water supply pressure (Psl) of the conventional pipe. The water transfer efficiency is improved.

Here, the gradient (Sl ') of the present invention is the water supply transformer (T1) (T2)
By changing the diameter of the nozzle (N) of (T3) ..., the height of the fountain changes, and the vessel (C
If the height (Ht) of the water surface accumulated in a) is adjusted, the head water pressure (Ph) from the water surface accumulated in the vessel (Ca) to the outlet (O) can be changed, and the water supply pressure can be variously changed. From a small water pressure type to a small water amount large pressure type, the water supply system can be designed to some extent freely.

Next, the efficiency of the water supply transformer (T1) [the same applies to (T2) and (T3)] will be described.

As a result of various tests, the efficiency of this water supply transformer (T1) is 80-
It was confirmed to be 90%, and it was found that there was no major problem in practical use.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a test apparatus using a water-transforming transformer (T) of the same structure, which was manufactured for a test in place of the water-transforming transformers (T1) (T2) (T3) of the present invention. Water pipe (P1) (P2)
Uses a vinyl hose with an inner diameter of 9 mm and a length of 150 cm, the head (Hc) is 1 m, and the diameter of the nozzle in the water transformer (T) is 3.7 m
m, the diameter of the test nozzle (Nt) at the bottom is 3 mm.

The height (Hs) of the fountain ejected from the test nozzle (Nt) by this test device is about 58 cm. The fountain when the water supply transformer (T) is removed and the water supply pipes (P1) (P2) are directly connected. The height was 63 cm.

Calculating the efficiency of the water supply transformer (T) from this value is (58 × 58/63) ÷ 63 ≒ 0.84, which is about 84%.

The fountain may be configured to drop smoothly into the vessel (Ca) by installing the water transmission transformers (T1) (T2) (T3) ... Of the present invention with a slight inclination.

In addition, in the variable pressure water supply method of the present invention, a power pump can be connected to the water supply conduit to use it together with the power pump for water supply.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the variable displacement water supply method and the water transmission transformer according to the present invention described above, the gradient of the water supply channel, which has not been considered in the conventional water supply method, is positively utilized to increase the water supply pressure and supply water. Since the efficiency can be improved, the energy consumption of the power pump can be reduced by using it together with the power pump.

Further, when the water supply transformer of the present invention is inserted and connected in the middle of the down-gradient pipe of the water supply facility for agricultural water and agricultural irrigation water in a place with a large ups and downs to increase the water pressure and send water, a drop in the down-gradient occurs while performing normal water supply. It can also be used to extract energy for use in power generation.

In addition, it can be used as a water supply method for privately-owned power generation facilities and hydropower for commercial use that utilize hydraulic power, and can also be used for a wide range of piped water supply such as drawing in drinking water for private use.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial device view showing an implementation state of a variable pressure water supply method according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a water supply transformer, and FIG. 3 is a variable pressure water supply method of the present invention at the same gradient. Graph showing the comparison of the water supply pressure between the conventional water supply method and
The figure shows a device for testing the efficiency of a water transformer. (C) …… Pressurized tank, (P1), (P2), (P3) …… Water pipe, (T1), (T2), (T3) …… Water transformer, (Ca)
…… Vessel, (S) …… Fountain cylinder, (N) …… Nozzle, (I)
…… Inlet, (O) …… Outlet, (Pi) …… Inlet pipe, (Po)
…… Outlet pipe, (F) …… Flange, (B) …… Ventilation pipe,
(G) ... fountain guide plate, (Dv) ... drain valve, (Fv) ...
… Float valve, (Fl) …… Float, (Piwp) …… Inlet water pressure, (Powp) …… Outlet water pressure, (Pa) …… Air pressure, (P
h) …… Head water pressure, (Sl), (Sl ′) …… Slope, (Ps
l), (Psl ′) …… water pressure, (Ht) …… water level,
(Nt) …… test nozzle, (Hs) …… test fountain height,
(Hc) …… Head, (T) …… Test water transformer, (Q)
...... Pressure line

Claims (2)

[Claims] In pipe water supply, a proper number of water supply transformers each having a nozzle and a float valve and a float valve incorporated in a closed vessel are connected in the middle of an inclined water supply line to form an inclined pipe. By using the downflow pressure to eject the running water from the upstream side into the fountain cylinder and store it in the vessel, the water accumulated above a predetermined liquid level can be sent from the bottom of the vessel to the downstream water pipe. A variable pressure water supply method, characterized in that the water supply pressure is increased by utilizing the pressure of the water accumulated in the vessel. 2. A vertically long fountain cylinder, which is connected to the middle of an inclined water supply line and has an upper end opened, is inserted and fixed from the lower end of a sealed vessel, and the lower part of the fountain cylinder is connected from the upstream side. An upward nozzle connected to the inlet of the water was installed, and when a fountain accumulated in the vessel up to a predetermined liquid level, a float valve was provided to send water downstream from the outlet provided at the lower end of the vessel. A water supply transformer characterized by the above.