JPH0763797B2 - Gear extrusion equipment - Google Patents
Gear extrusion equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0763797B2 JPH0763797B2 JP63079292A JP7929288A JPH0763797B2 JP H0763797 B2 JPH0763797 B2 JP H0763797B2 JP 63079292 A JP63079292 A JP 63079292A JP 7929288 A JP7929288 A JP 7929288A JP H0763797 B2 JPH0763797 B2 JP H0763797B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tooth
- die
- extrusion
- gear
- pushing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は歯車の冷間押出加工装置に関し、特に内歯をも
つダイの改良に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for cold-extruding gears, and more particularly to improvement of a die having internal teeth.
従来の技術 はすば歯車に代表されるような歯車の押出加工方法とし
て、例えば特公昭62−2886号公報に開示されたものが知
られている。この加工方法は、内歯を有するダイの中に
中空円筒状の素材を押し込むことを基本とした上で、先
に押し込まれた素材を、後から押し込まれる素材によっ
て実質的に後押しすることを特徴としている。2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional technique, a method of extruding a gear represented by a helical gear is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-2886. This processing method is based on pushing a hollow cylindrical material into a die having internal teeth, and the material that is pushed first is substantially pushed by the material that is pushed later. I am trying.
すなわち第４図の左半部は最上段の素材W1が押し込まれ
る前の状態を、同図右半部は素材W1が押し込まれた後の
状態を示しており、素材W1が押し込まれる前の段階で
は、最下段の素材W3の加工がほぼ完了しているととも
に、中段の素材W2の加工が半分程度まで進んでいる。こ
の状態から同図右半部に示すように、内歯１をもつダイ
２に対しポンチ３で素材W1を押し込むと、加工がほぼ完
了していた素材W3は素材W2に後押しされてダイ２の下端
から押し出され、また素材W2はその時点で加工がほぼ完
了することになる。That is, the left half of FIG. 4 shows the state before the topmost material W1 is pushed in, and the right half of the figure shows the state after the material W1 is pushed in. The stage before the material W1 is pushed in. Then, the processing of the material W3 at the bottom is almost completed, and the processing of the material W2 at the middle is progressing to about half. From this state, as shown in the right half of the figure, when the material W1 is pushed into the die 2 having the internal teeth 1 with the punch 3, the material W3, which has been almost completely processed, is pushed by the material W2 and pushed to the die 2 The material W2 is pushed out from the lower end, and the processing of the material W2 is almost completed at that point.
尚、素材W1,W2,W3にはポンチ３と同芯状のマンドレル４
が挿入されて、その径方向への材料の移動が規制され
る。５はダイケース、６は支持プレートである。The materials W1, W2 and W3 are made of a punch 3 and a mandrel 4 which is concentric with the punch 3.
Is inserted, and the movement of the material in the radial direction is restricted. Reference numeral 5 is a die case, and 6 is a support plate.
発明が解決しようとする課題 上記の加工方法では、第５図に拡大して示すようにダイ
２の内歯１の形状として、歯車の諸元に対応した完全歯
たけを有する部分1aの長さｌに対し、歯たけを正規歯た
けよりも小さくしたいわゆる不完全歯たけ部分1bの長さ
Ｌが著しく大きいものとなっており、そのために歯車の
諸元によっては完全な歯が成形できないことがある。Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the above processing method, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 5, the shape of the internal teeth 1 of the die 2 is the length of the portion 1a having the complete tooth depth corresponding to the specifications of the gear. In contrast to 1, the length L of the so-called incomplete toothed portion 1b in which the toothed tooth is smaller than the regular toothed tooth is remarkably large, and therefore, it may not be possible to form a complete tooth depending on the specifications of the gear. is there.
これは完全歯たけ部分1aの長さｌによるものの、原因と
しては、素材が完全歯たけ部分1aを通過したのちに、不
完全歯たけ部分1bでいわゆる逃げの挙動をするために、
結果的にダイ入口付近での平均ポンチ圧力が不足してし
まうためと考えられる。Although this is due to the length l of the complete tooth gap portion 1a, the cause is that after the material passes through the complete tooth gap portion 1a, the incomplete tooth tooth portion 1b behaves in a so-called escape manner.
As a result, it is considered that the average punch pressure near the die entrance becomes insufficient.
本発明は上記のような歯形の成形不良を防止したダイの
構造を提供することを目的とする。It is an object of the present invention to provide a die structure that prevents the above-described tooth profile molding failure.
課題を解決するための手段 この目的のため本発明においては、ダイの内歯形状とし
て、素材導入側の歯すじ方向端部に、ダイの軸線に対し
所定角度傾斜して形成され、押出方向に向かって漸次歯
たけが高くなる押出導入部と、この押出導入部に連続
し、歯車の諸元に対応した完全歯たけをもつ歯形成形部
と、前記歯形成形部に連続して、ダイの軸線に対し所定
角度傾斜して形成されるとともに、押出方向に向かって
漸次歯たけが低くなるならし整形部とを備えた構造とし
ている。Means for Solving the Problems For this purpose, in the present invention, as the internal tooth shape of the die, it is formed at the end of the tooth line direction on the material introduction side at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the die, The extrusion introduction part in which the tooth depth gradually increases toward the extrusion introduction part, the tooth formation shape part having a complete tooth engagement corresponding to the specifications of the gear and the extrusion formation part, and the tooth formation shape part and the axis line of the die. In contrast to this, the structure is formed so as to be inclined at a predetermined angle, and has a smoothing portion in which the tooth depth gradually decreases in the extrusion direction.
そして、前記歯形成形部の押出方向での長さが押出導入
部およびならし整形部の押出方向での長さよりも大きく
なるように設定してある。The length of the tooth forming profile in the extrusion direction is set to be larger than the length of the extrusion introduction part and the leveling shaping part in the extrusion direction.
上記の押出導入部の傾斜角度や歯形成形部の歯すじ方向
長さは、加工しようとする歯車の諸元によって異なって
くるものであるが、その値としては、ダイ入口平均ポン
チ圧力が所定値以上となるような値に設定される。The inclination angle of the above-mentioned extrusion introduction part and the length in the tooth trace direction of the tooth forming shape part differ depending on the specifications of the gear to be machined, but as the value, the die entrance average punch pressure is a predetermined value. The value is set to the above value.
作用 この構造によると、従来と異なり完全歯たけ部たる歯形
成形部が押出方向で充分な長さを有しているが故に、押
出過程での素材材料の不安定な動きがなくなり、歯形の
成形不良が防止される。Action According to this structure, unlike the conventional method, the tooth forming profile, which is a complete tooth take-up part, has a sufficient length in the extrusion direction.Therefore, the unstable movement of the material in the extrusion process is eliminated, and the tooth profile is formed. Defects are prevented.
実施例 第１図および第２図は本発明の一実施例を示す図で、ダ
イ２の内歯11の形状が従来のものと異なっている。すな
わち、ダイ２の内歯11は、加工しようとする歯車の諸元
に対応した完全歯たけをもつ長さL1の歯形成形部11aを
もって形成され、この歯形成形部11aの歯すじ方向端部
つまり素材導入側の端部にはL1より小さい長さl1の押出
導入部11bが連続して形成される。この押出導入部11bは
ダイ２の押出方向軸線に対し所定角度αだけ傾斜して形
成され、押出方向に向かって漸次歯たけが高くなるよう
に設定される。また、歯形成形部11aのうち押出導入部1
1bと反対側の端部には、押出導入部11bとほぼ同様な形
状をもってならし整形部11cが形成されていて、これら
押出導入部11bおよびならし整形部11cの押出方向での長
さに比べて歯形成形部11aの押出方向での長さが充分に
大きく設定されている。Embodiment FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are views showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which the shape of the inner teeth 11 of the die 2 is different from the conventional one. That is, the inner teeth 11 of the die 2 are formed with the tooth forming portion 11a having a length L1 and having a complete tooth depth corresponding to the specifications of the gear to be machined. An extrusion introduction portion 11b having a length l1 smaller than L1 is continuously formed at the end portion on the material introduction side. The extrusion introducing portion 11b is formed so as to be inclined with respect to the extrusion direction axis of the die 2 by a predetermined angle α, and is set so that the tooth depth gradually increases in the extrusion direction. Further, of the tooth forming shape part 11a, the extrusion introduction part 1
At the end on the side opposite to 1b, a leveling shaping section 11c having a shape substantially similar to the extrusion introducing section 11b is formed, and the lengths in the extrusion direction of the extrusion introducing section 11b and the leveling shaping section 11c are formed. In comparison, the length of the tooth forming profile 11a in the pushing direction is set to be sufficiently large.
ここで、上記のL1およびαの値は、加工しようとする歯
車の諸元によって当然に異なってくるものであり、また
L1およびαの値に応じてダイ入口平均ポンチ圧力も変化
し、それによって歯形精度の良否が決定される。したが
って、L1およびαの値の選定にあっては、ダイ入口平均
ポンチ圧力の管理限界（下限値）を下回ることがないよ
うな値に設定する。Here, the above L1 and α values naturally vary depending on the specifications of the gear to be machined, and
The die punch average punch pressure also changes depending on the values of L1 and α, and thereby determines the accuracy of the tooth profile. Therefore, when selecting the values of L1 and α, the values are set so as not to fall below the control limit (lower limit value) of the die inlet average punch pressure.
ダイ入口平均ポンチ圧力は、第１図および第３図に示す
ように、ポンチ３の直径をＤ、マンドレル４の直径をｄ
とした上で、F,F1，F2，F3の力を下記のように定義する
と、（１）式によって求められる。As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the die inlet average punch pressure is determined by setting the diameter of the punch 3 to D and the diameter of the mandrel 4 to d.
Then, if the forces of F, F 1 , F 2 , and F 3 are defined as follows, they can be obtained by the equation (1).
F:最大押出力（＝F1＋F2＋F3） F1：未成形の素材と押出導入部前のストレート部分との
摩擦力 F2：ダイの押出導入部において素材が塑性変形するのに
必要な力 F3：ダイの歯形成形部と素材との摩擦力 本実施例によれば、押出方向で充分な長さをもつ完全歯
たけ部たる歯形成形部11aによって素材が拘束されるこ
とになるので、押出過程で素材が逃げることがなく、欠
肉等の欠陥のない高精度な歯形を成形できることにな
る。F: Maximum pushing force (= F 1 + F 2 + F 3 ) F 1 : Friction force between the unformed material and the straight part in front of the extrusion introduction part F 2 : Necessary for plastic deformation of the material at the extrusion introduction part of the die Force F 3 : Friction force between the tooth forming part of the die and the material According to this embodiment, since the material is constrained by the tooth forming shape portion 11a which is a complete toothing portion having a sufficient length in the extruding direction, the material does not escape during the extruding process and there is no such thing as lack of wall thickness. It is possible to form a highly accurate tooth profile without defects.
また、ダイ２の内歯11には素材との摩擦力のために押出
方向のせん断力が作用することになり、歯形成形部11a
の上端部ではそれに連続する歯形成形部11aの下方部分
によってバックアップされているために上記のせん断力
に充分に対向できるものの、歯形成形部11aの下端部ほ
ど上記のバックアップ部分が少なくなって強度的に不利
になる。特にはすば歯車の場合には、歯すじが押出軸線
方向に対して傾いているために斜めのせん断力が作用す
ることになり、歯形成形部11aの下端部が強度的に一段
と不利になる。しかしながら、本実施例では、歯形成形
部11aの下端部に歯たけが漸次小さくなるならし整形部1
1cを形成してあるために、このならし整形部11cがその
上方の歯形成形部11aをバックアップする機能を発揮す
るとともに、該ならし整形部11cでは素材との間の摩擦
力が次第に小さくなることから、これによって内歯11の
下端部に加わるせん断力を低減してダイ２の破損を未然
に防止し、もってダイ２の長寿命化を図ることができる
ようになる。Further, a shearing force in the extrusion direction acts on the inner teeth 11 of the die 2 due to the frictional force with the material, and the tooth forming profile 11a
Although the upper end of the tooth forming profile 11a is backed up by the lower part of the tooth forming profile 11a which is continuous with the upper part of the tooth forming profile 11a, it is possible to sufficiently oppose the above shearing force, but the lower the lower part of the tooth forming profile 11a, the less the above backup part is and the strength is improved. Will be at a disadvantage. Particularly in the case of a helical gear, since the tooth line is inclined with respect to the direction of the extrusion axis, an oblique shearing force acts, and the lower end of the tooth forming profile 11a becomes further disadvantageous in terms of strength. . However, in the present embodiment, the leveling portion 1 that smoothens tooth depth at the lower end of the tooth forming portion 11a is gradually reduced.
Since 1c is formed, the leveling and shaping section 11c exerts a function of backing up the tooth forming shape section 11a above the leveling and shaping section 11c, and in the leveling and shaping section 11c, the frictional force with the material gradually decreases. Therefore, by this, the shearing force applied to the lower end portions of the inner teeth 11 can be reduced to prevent the damage of the die 2 in advance, and thus the life of the die 2 can be extended.
発明の効果 以上のように本発明によれば、完全歯たけをもつ歯形成
形部の素材導入側の端部に、押出方向に向かって漸次歯
たけが高くなる押出導入部を形成するとともに、前記歯
形成形部の出口側の端部に、押出方向に向かって漸次歯
たけが低くなるならし整形部を形成し、これら押出導入
部およびならし整形部に比べて歯形成形部の長さを充分
に長く設定したことにより、欠肉や歯形形状不良のない
高精度な歯車を加工することができるほか、歯形成形部
に連続して歯たけが漸次小さくなるならし整形部を形成
してあるために、このならし整形部が押出加工に伴うせ
ん断力に対して歯形成形部をバックアップする機能を発
揮するとともに、該ならし整形部では素材との間の摩擦
力が次第に小さくなることから、これによって内歯の出
口側端部に加わるせん断力を低減して強度的に不利にな
りやすいダイの出口部近傍での破損を未然に防止し、も
ってダイの長寿命化を図ることができる。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, according to the present invention, at the end of the tooth forming shape portion having a complete tooth gap on the material introduction side, an extrusion introduction portion in which the tooth depth gradually increases in the extrusion direction is formed. At the outlet end of the tooth forming profile, a flattening part with a gradually decreasing tooth depth in the extrusion direction is formed, and the length of the tooth forming part is sufficiently longer than those of the extrusion introduction part and the flattening part. By setting the length to longer, it is possible to machine a highly accurate gear without flesh thickness and tooth profile defect, and because a tooth shaping part is formed to continuously reduce the tooth depth continuously. In addition, the leveling and shaping section exerts a function of backing up the tooth forming shape section against the shearing force associated with extrusion processing, and the frictional force between the leveling and shaping section is gradually reduced. Outer edge of inner teeth by It is possible to reduce the shearing force applied to the portion and prevent damage to the die in the vicinity of the outlet portion, which tends to be disadvantageous in terms of strength, thereby prolonging the life of the die.
第１図は本発明の押出加工装置の一例を示す断面図、第
２図は第１図のダイの要部拡大図、第３図は押出荷重と
押出ストロークとの関係を示す特性図、第４図は従来の
歯車の押出加工方法を示す断面図、第５図は第４図の要
部拡大図である。 ２……ダイ、３……ポンチ、４……マンドレル、11……
内歯、11a……歯型成形部、11b……押出導入部、11c…
…ならし整形部、W1,W2,W3……素材。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of an extrusion processing apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of the die shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between an extrusion load and an extrusion stroke. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a conventional gear extrusion method, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 2 ... Die, 3 ... Punch, 4 ... Mandrel, 11 ...
Inner teeth, 11a ... Tooth mold forming part, 11b ... Extrusion introducing part, 11c ...
… Leveling and shaping section, W1, W2, W3 …… Material.
Claims (1)
を、その径方向への材料の流れを規制しながら押し込ん
で歯車を押出加工する装置において、 前記ダイの内歯は、 素材導入側の歯すじ方向端部に、ダイの軸線に対し所定
角度傾斜して形成され、押出方向に向かって漸次歯たけ
が高くなる押出導入部と、 この押出導入部に連続し、歯車の諸元に対応した完全歯
たけをもつ歯形成形部と、 前記歯形成形部に連続して、ダイの軸線に対し所定角度
傾斜して形成されるとともに、押出方向に向かって漸次
歯たけが低くなるならし整形部とから構成されていて、 前記歯形成形部の押出方向での長さが押出導入部および
ならし整形部の押出方向での長さよりも大きく設定され
ていることを特徴とする歯車の押出加工装置。1. A device for extruding a gear by pushing a hollow cylindrical material into a die having internal teeth while controlling the flow of the material in the radial direction, wherein the internal teeth of the die are The end of the tooth on the side in the tooth trace direction, which is formed at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the die and has a gradually increasing tooth depth in the direction of extrusion, and the specifications of the gear that are continuous with this extrusion introduction part. And a tooth forming profile having a complete tooth coverage corresponding to the above, and a tooth forming profile which is continuous with the tooth forming profile and is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the die, and whose tooth depth gradually decreases in the extrusion direction. And a shaping section, wherein the length of the tooth forming profile in the pushing direction is set to be larger than the length of the pushing-in introducing section and the leveling shaping section in the pushing direction. Processing equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63079292A JPH0763797B2 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1988-03-31 | Gear extrusion equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63079292A JPH0763797B2 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1988-03-31 | Gear extrusion equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01254344A JPH01254344A (en) | 1989-10-11 |
| JPH0763797B2 true JPH0763797B2 (en) | 1995-07-12 |
Family
ID=13685776
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63079292A Expired - Fee Related JPH0763797B2 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1988-03-31 | Gear extrusion equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0763797B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103567247A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-02-12 | 山东建筑大学 | Novel warm extrusion method for efficiently processing internal-tooth cylindrical gears |
| CN103658213B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2017-01-04 | 山东建筑大学 | A kind of extruding new method of highly-efficient processing straight spur gear |
| IT202000012046A1 (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-11-22 | Giuseppe Salvadori | APPARATUS AND PROCEDURE FOR CONSTRUCTING BLANKS OF AXIALLY HOLLOW PRISMATIC COMPONENTS OF STEEL, PARTICULARLY NUTS |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58167020A (en) * | 1982-03-26 | 1983-10-03 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for manufacturing gear |
-
1988
- 1988-03-31 JP JP63079292A patent/JPH0763797B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01254344A (en) | 1989-10-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4194430A (en) | Thread-forming screw with step taper | |
| DE102007007808B4 (en) | A rolling tool and method for forming a thread or a screw profile and a spline having a small number of teeth by simultaneous rolling | |
| US2335590A (en) | Apparatus for extrusion | |
| US20030095850A1 (en) | Screw shaft and method of manufacturing the same | |
| JPH0763797B2 (en) | Gear extrusion equipment | |
| EP0533456B1 (en) | Thread forming method and apparatus | |
| JP3389593B2 (en) | Clutch drum manufacturing method and tooth forming device | |
| JP2010064100A (en) | Gear production device and method for producing the same | |
| EP0326085B1 (en) | Production of nozzle member | |
| US4255959A (en) | Dies for making thread-forming screw with step taper | |
| CN115485080A (en) | Method for producing profiled bars | |
| JP3585547B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of strip with irregular cross section and roll with ridges | |
| JPS5886948A (en) | Shearing method | |
| JPH033726A (en) | Method of manufacturing helical gear cold stamping die | |
| JPH09300041A (en) | Manufacture of gear by cold-forging and die used therefor | |
| JP4300693B2 (en) | Helical gear and manufacturing method thereof | |
| JPH01138034A (en) | Manufacture of stepped hollow gear | |
| JP4836360B2 (en) | Rolling dies | |
| JP2004034064A (en) | Extruding die and the extruding method | |
| JPH0263629A (en) | Helical gear forming die | |
| CN112916789B (en) | Clean forming process method of internal tooth profile | |
| JPH021614B2 (en) | ||
| JPH03138B2 (en) | ||
| JPH091561A (en) | Mandrel drawing method | |
| RU2006303C1 (en) | Technological tooling for helical rolling mill |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |