JPH0763698B2 - Electrolytic tank for ion water generator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrolytic cell which can be used in an ion water generator for electrolyzing water while continuously supplying water containing various ions between a cathode and a cathode to obtain alkaline water and acidic water. It is about structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An ionized water generator is an approved item name of a medical substance generator or a medical electrolyzed water producing apparatus and is designated as a medical device under the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law. Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare Pharmaceutical Affairs Bureau notification
According to "Efficacy and Precautions" described in No. 63 (October 8, 1965), the catholyte (hereinafter,
Alkaline water) will cause chronic diarrhea, indigestion,
It is effective for abnormal fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract, antacid, and excess gastric acid, and the anolyte (hereinafter referred to as acidic water) is used for beauty as a weakly acidic astringent.

As a method of electrolyzing water to obtain alkaline water, there has been a batch method for a long time, but recently, a continuous method has become mainstream. This consists of arranging the main parts such as the anode, cathode, separator (diaphragm) in an appropriate form in the electrolytic cell container, passing tap water, etc., and at the same time applying a DC voltage between both electrodes for electrolysis. It is designed so that alkaline water and acidic water can be continuously taken out.

The conventional electrolytic cell type is roughly classified into two types, that is, a cylindrical shape and a flat plate shape, depending on the shape of the electrodes. The former uses a cylindrical anode, and arranges a cylindrical metal cathode that doubles as a container around its concentric circle, forms a positive and negative electrode chamber with a separator between both electrodes, and passes water in the longitudinal direction for electrolysis ( For example, JP-A-61-78489). As the latter, a flat plate electrode having a simple shape, for example, a rectangular electrolytic cell using a ferrite anode and a metal cathode is known.

[0005]

The cylindrical type has a circular cross section (cylindrical or columnar) in both positive and negative electrodes, so the separator interposed between both electrodes is also cylindrical, and all parts are concentric circles. Must be held in position. If the positions of both poles are eccentric, a short circuit may occur at that portion, or the flow of water may be offset and clogging with contaminants or insoluble products may occur. Therefore, it is necessary to use those having high dimensional accuracy for both electrodes and other parts, which is expensive. Moreover,
Since the shape is a complicated cylinder or cylindrical shape, enormous effort and increase in man-hours are required, such as inserting a separator, taking out electrode terminals, arranging water inlets and outlets, and taking measures against water leakage during assembly. It was not possible to reduce man-hours and automate the assembly line, and the structure was inconvenient for mass production. Thus, although the structure of the present invention is not applicable to the cylindrical type which can basically have a complicated structure, these conventional drawbacks are solved by the electrolytic cell of the present invention described later.

Another flat plate type other than the above uses a ferrite anode which is considerably thicker than the cathode,
An electrolytic cell that employs a complicated double structure for separating alkaline water and acidic water is known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 20398/1990).
9, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8), and here, a side sectional view of FIG. 4 showing a structure of a conventional general electrolytic cell similar to this will be described. 1 is a ferrite anode plate, 11a, 1
Reference numeral 1b denotes a metal cathode plate which forms an anode chamber and a cathode chamber with a U-shaped integrated separator 20 interposed therebetween to generate acidic water in the anode chamber 2 and alkaline water in the cathode chamber 12, respectively. To do. It can be said that the separator 20 has the above-mentioned double structure in order to separate the acidic water and the alkaline water separately. Contrary to FIG. 4, one cathode plate and two anode plates may be used, but the anode is expensive.
Usually, the anode is placed in the center and the cathode plates are arranged on both sides of the center to effectively utilize both surfaces of the anode. The total number of positive and negative electrode plates in FIG. 4 is three, but more may be used. A water inlet 30 is provided in the lower portion of the electrolytic cell container 40, and an acidic water outlet 5 and an alkaline water outlet 15 are provided in the upper portion. Reference numerals 3 and 13 are water inlets to the anode chamber and the cathode chamber. As can be seen from the flow direction of the water shown by the arrow in FIG. 4, in the conventional type electrolytic cell, the place where the acidic water discharge port 5 is provided is only inside the separator 20 and is taken out only in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface. It will be understood that it is difficult. That is, the discharge port 5 can be provided only within the range of the same plane as the distance t represented by the total thickness of the anode plate 1 and the distance between the anode chambers 2. However, the diameter can be freely set at any position as long as it is less than the distance t. Thick ferrite electrode 1
In the conventional structure using, the t is at least about 10 mm, which is sufficient to increase the water outlet diameter 5 and obtain a large flow rate. However, if a thin metal anode plate, which will be described later, is used, the distance t becomes as small as about 5 mm, and it is difficult to even provide a discharge port rather than a large diameter, so that the conventional structure cannot be adopted. Therefore, unless a new electrolytic cell structure is provided, it cannot be put into practical use.

The conventional electrolytic cell using a thick ferrite electrode has a drawback that its size and weight are large. Since ferrite is a sintered product of metal oxide, that is, ceramic, not only the finished dimensional accuracy is poor, but if it is as thin as a metal plate, it bends during firing and cracks when laminating pressure, and it is also vulnerable to drops and impacts. Therefore, in order to increase mechanical strength, it is often manufactured with a thickness of at least about 5 mm. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to use it as an anode plate for high-performance electrolyzers aiming to be thin, compact and lightweight. Further, ferrite is mainly composed of Fe ₃ O ₄ ,
As a sub-component, including a considerable amount (several 10%) of Ni,
It is usual to mix Mn / Zn / Cu or the like and to add other sintering aids to enable sintering. As described above, the ferrite often contains a heavy metal harmful to human health, and there is a possibility that it may be anodically corroded under severe electrolysis conditions and mixed into drinking water.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems Ionized water according to the present invention
The electrolyzer for the generator consists of a thin anode plate and a thin anode plate.
Along with the anode chamber that has a narrow space on the surface and the thin anode plate surface
The flow of acidic water that has flowed in a direction perpendicular to the thin plate anode plate surface
Channel change water channel part to change and guide to acidic water discharge part
An acidic water generator, a thin plate-shaped cathode plate, and a thin plate-shaped cathode plate.
A cathode chamber with a narrow space in front of the electrode plate, and a thin cathode plate surface
The flow of alkaline water flowing along with the thin plate cathode plate
Change to the direction perpendicular to the surface and guide to the alkaline water discharge part
And an alkaline water generating section having a flow path changing water channel section for
However, at least one or more thin anode plates and two or more thin
Plate cathode plate or at least two or more thin plate anode plates
And a separator to have one or more thin cathode plates.
The thin plates are laminated so that they face each other.
And, and at least one or more thin plate-like anode plates and two or more.
Upper thin plate cathode plate, or at least two or more thin plate plates
Separation to have an anode plate and one or more thin cathode plates
The thin plates are stacked so that they face each other.
In accordance with the stacking arrangement, the plates and the separator are sequentially and stepwise.
The size of the flow direction of the
The diversion channels are arranged in stages along the thin plate surface.
It is characterized by A thin stainless metal plate or titanium plate is used for the cathode, and a thin plate metal electrode is formed by electrolytically or electrolessly plating platinum, palladium, iridium or other noble metal on the surface of a corrosion-resistant metal substrate such as titanium for the anode. The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems by constructing an electrolytic cell by using and providing a characteristic to the structure for discharging electrolyzed water. If a thin metal plate is used instead of a thick ferrite, the electrolytic cell can be made quite compact. However, as shown in FIG. 4, since the acid water outlet 5 is not provided at a free place, special measures are taken to take out water well. For this reason, the length of each electrode plate and the separator is sequentially changed at the outlet of the cathode and anode chambers to form a stepped opening, and the water electrolyzed in each electrode chamber is perpendicular to the electrode plate surface. The water channel is configured to be converted, and an electrolytic cell structure is provided in which each can be distinguished and taken out. In addition, in the present invention
And the polar chamber with a narrow space in front of the thin plate is
As it is, the ionized water flowing along the surface of the thin plate is collected.
To the extent that there is no outlet for
A thin plate of the polar chamber means a polar chamber with a narrow space dimension in front of it.
ing. The flow of ionized water generated in such polar chamber is
The channel is changed in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the thin plate by the channel section.
However, the thin plate surface has a relatively large surface.
Therefore, ion water outlet can be easily formed in the flow channel
Therefore, it is possible to connect the electrolytic cell for the ion water generator.
Pact can be achieved.

[0009]

In general, water for drinking such as water supply usually contains both positive and negative ions. The following equation can be considered as a reaction when this water is electrolyzed. The anode reaction _{(A) 2H 2 O → O} 2 + 4H + + 4e - (B) 4OH - → O 2 + 2H 2 O + 4e - cathodic reaction _{(C) 4H 2 O + 4e} - → 2H 2 + 4OH - (D) 4H + + 4e - → 2H ₂ the overall reaction _{(E) 6H 2 O → O} 2 + 2H 2 + 4H + + 4OH - anode acidic, under the cathode is alkaline environment around each electrode is OH ^- because they become ionic insufficient and H ⁺ ions lack, It is believed that primarily equations (A) and (C) occur and the overall reaction is equation (E). Oxygen is generated at the anode, and the generated hydrogen ions and anions moving from the vicinity of the cathode form an acid. At the opposite cathode, hydrogen is generated, and the generated hydroxyl ions and cations moving from the vicinity of the anode form alkali.

The current flowing during electrolysis varies depending on various factors, but the higher the applied voltage, the larger the current, and the more alkaline and acidic the water becomes. The conditions that a high-performance electrolytic cell should have are the water flow rate and PH. That is, even if the electrolytic cell is small and the electrode area is small, water can flow at a large flow rate, and a large current can flow even if the applied voltage is low, and the desired PH
Value of electrolyzed water is obtained. The larger the current, the more convenient it is to obtain a wide range of PH values. However, in order to maximize the current with a limited size of electrodes, it is better to have a narrow space between the electrodes, but it is not possible to obtain a large flow rate. Exists. Since the anode plate is expensive, it is common practice to effectively use both the front and back sides to save the electrode area.
As a result, the structure becomes difficult.

While simultaneously satisfying these requirements,
In the electrolytic cell of the present invention capable of efficiently separating alkaline water and acidic water, the positive and negative electrode plates and separators have the same width but different lengths. That is, the lengths of the three negative, positive, and cathode plates and the separators between them are changed at least on one end face in order of long, middle, and short, so that they are cut diagonally at the end face (water outlet) of the laminated group. Form a stepped cut.
By doing so, the opening portion (projection surface) when seen through from one side surface of the electrode plate group can be freely increased by adjusting the length, so that substantially the same effect as enlarging the opening portion can be obtained. is there. Therefore, the pressure loss during water flow is reduced and a large flow rate can be taken out.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing main components of an electrolytic cell for an ionized water generator of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is A- of FIG.
It is a plane sectional view similarly in the A'line. Reference numeral 1 in the figure is an anode plate. Specifically, the surface of a substrate such as titanium or tantalum is coated with a platinum group metal by plating or sputtering to improve the corrosion resistance and impart electrochemical activity. A thin plate metal electrode is used. Even if a stainless steel plate is used as the anode plate 1 without plating, electricity can be applied, but the corrosion resistance is insufficient and the life is short. Titanium has good corrosion resistance,
If it is used without plating, an oxide film is formed on the surface when a DC voltage is applied, making it impossible to conduct electricity. Platinum plating is performed so that the electrodes do not passivate, but the thickness may be 0.1 μm or more. Both 11a and 11b are cathode plates, and are not required to have the same corrosion resistance as the anode plate 1. Usual stainless steel plate or nickel plate can be used. As shown in the drawing, the dimensions are such that the cathode plate 11a facing one side of the anode plate 1 is shorter and the cathode plate 11b on the opposite side is longer. 20
a and 20b are separators made of an ion exchange membrane, paper, cloth, non-woven fabric, etc., and are interposed between the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 11a and between the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 11b, and the anode chamber 2a is interposed therebetween. 2b and the cathode chambers 12a and 12b are formed.
The properties required for the separator 20 are that cations and anions can easily move inside the polar chamber when electricity is applied while flowing water, and the alkaline water and the acidic water generated in the respective polar chambers are mixed as much as possible. It is possible to separate so that there is no. In order to maintain the space between the separator 20 and the cathode and cathode plates 1 and 11, although not shown, in practice, small balls or strip-shaped so-called spacers that do not hinder the flow of water are arranged between them. There are many.

A laminated group in which these electrodes and separators are superposed on each other is a plastic electrolytic cell container 40 and a lid 50.
Inserted or placed in. An electrode terminal is taken out from each electrode plate to the outside of the container by an appropriate method, and a voltage is applied to the electrode terminal. The electrolytic cell container 40 is provided with a water inlet 30, acidic water outlets 5a and 5b, and alkaline water outlets 15a and 15b. Reference numerals 4 and 14 are flow channel changing water channel portions which are formed of groove water channels parallel to each other. In either case, the positive and negative plates and the separators are stacked and then inserted into the electrolytic cell container 40 or sequentially stacked in the container. In any case, the respective polar chambers 2 and 12 and the flow path changing water channels 4 and 14 are It is important to establish close communication so that water leakage does not occur at that part. The arrow in FIG. 1 indicates the flow direction of water, and water uniformly enters the respective polar chambers from the common water inlet 30 through the introduction parts 3 and 13, and in the discharge parts 5 and 15 for each polar chamber. You can see how the water is extracted separately.

Next, a more practical electrolytic cell for an ion water generator will be described with reference to the side sectional view of FIG. 3 showing another embodiment of the present invention. Similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 is an anode plate, 11a and 11b are cathode plates, and 20a and 20b are separators.
2b, 12a, 12b are formed and these stacks are placed in the electrolytic cell container 40 and the lid 50. The point different from FIG. 1 described above is that the water introduction portion to each electrode chamber is partitioned for each chamber and water is sequentially passed to each electrode chamber through the openings 30a, 30b, 30c, and the anode chambers 2a, 2b. And cathode chamber 1
The electrolyzed water from 2a and 12b is to be collectively taken out from the acidic water discharge part 5 and the alkaline water discharge part 15, respectively. Further, the flow path changing water channel portion shown in the upper part of the drawing of each electrode chamber is composed of three, and the flow path changing water channel 1 of the two cathode chambers is formed.
4a and 14b are communicated with each other, and the alkaline water is taken out from the common discharge part 15. A common water channel 4 is provided in the anode chambers 2a and 2b, and the acidic water is taken out from the discharge port 5. The flow of water in FIG. 3 is basically the same as that in FIG. 2, but the lengths of the electrode plate and the separator are changed in the lower part of the cathode / cathode chamber as in the upper part. By carrying out in this way, it is easy to keep the distance between the polar chambers constant, and there is an advantage that the assembly is easy and quick.

[0015]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The electrolytic cell of the present invention is thin, compact and lightweight by adopting a metal plate which is safe for human hygiene in the form of a thin flat plate and is characterized by the way water flows.・ High performance and high quality are achieved. Moreover, since the structure is simple and it is suitable for industrial mass production, the ion water generator incorporating the electrolytic cell of the present invention can significantly reduce the cost and contributes to its popularization. Is extremely large.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an electrolytic cell for an ionized water generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of an electrolytic cell for an ionized water generator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of an electrolytic cell for an ionized water generator having a conventional typical structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Anode plate 11 Cathode plate 2 Anode chamber 12 Cathode chamber 3, 13 Introductory part 4, 14 Flow path changing water channel part 5, 15 Discharge part

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A thin anode plate (1) and a thin anode plate
Anode chamber (2) having a narrow space in front of (1) and thin plate
A thin plate is used to flow the acidic water flowing along the surface of the anode plate (1).
-Shaped anode plate (1) surface is changed to the direction perpendicular to the acidic water discharge part
A flow path changing water channel section (4) for guiding to (5)
Acid water producing part, thin plate cathode plate (11), and front face of thin plate cathode plate (11)
A cathode chamber (12) having a narrow space inside, and a thin cathode plate (1
1) The flow of alkaline water flowing along the surface is thin plate
Change to the direction perpendicular to the cathode plate (11) surface to remove alkaline water.
Channel change water channel part (14) for guiding to the outlet part (15)
And an alkaline water producing part having at least one or more thin plate-like anode plates (1) and two or more
Thin cathode plate (11) or at least two thin plates
A plate-shaped anode plate (1) and one or more thin plate-shaped cathode plates (11)
As it has, each thin plate-like electrode plate
Ionized water generation characterized by being laminated so as to face each other
Electrolytic cell. 2. At least one thin plate-like anode plate
(1) and two or more thin-plate cathode plates (11), or
At least two or more thin anode plates (1) and one or more thin plates
Via a separator so as to have a cathode plate (11)
Each thin plate is laminated so as to face each other, forming a laminated arrangement.
Therefore, the flow direction of the electrode plate and the separator is changed step by step.
As the dimensions change,
The feature is that they are arranged stepwise along the surface of the thin plate.
The electrolytic cell for an ionized water generator according to claim 1, which is a characteristic.