JPH0759941B2 - Reciprocating pump device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reciprocating pump device including a plurality of pump groups, and more particularly, to improve durability and discharge of a seal that keeps each pump chamber liquid-tight. The present invention relates to a reciprocating pump device for increasing the pressure, improving the durability of the pressure regulating section, and effectively utilizing the surplus fluid from the pressure regulating section.

[Conventional technology]

In the conventional reciprocating pump, one reciprocating member contributes only to the increase or decrease of the volume of one pump chamber, and the seals that keep the pump chamber liquid-tight receive the pressures of the pump chamber and the suction port on both sides.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Therefore, in order to obtain a high pressure, it is necessary to increase the driving force of the reciprocating member to make the reciprocating pump itself large-scaled. Further, in that case, the pressure in the pump chamber rises and the pressure difference between both sides of the seal increases, so that the pressure resistance of the seal must be increased.

Therefore, in JP-A-62-159867 and Japanese Patent Application No. 62-163947, each pump group is provided with a reciprocating member having a phase difference, and a plurality of pump chambers in each pump group are common to the reciprocating member. The volume changer attached to the valve performs suction and discharge operations, and the fluid is serially connected by the communication part so that the fluid sequentially increases through each volume changer.

The present invention relates to an improvement of the reciprocating pump device according to both of the above-mentioned patent applications, and effectively uses an excess fluid generated in a pressure adjusting portion that adjusts the pressure in each communicating portion and durability of a valve body and a valve seat of the pressure adjusting portion. The purpose is to improve the sex.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention will be described using reference numerals of the drawings corresponding to the embodiments.

In the reciprocating pump device according to the first aspect, the reciprocating pump device includes a plurality of pump groups (10a, 10b). Each pump group (10a, 10b)
Is a plurality of pump chambers (12a, 12b, 12c) arranged side by side with a common center line, and pump chambers (12
a, 12b, 12c) and both pump chambers (12a, 12b, 12c)
c) Seals (26a, 26b, 26c) that maintain liquid tightness between them, and the reciprocating members (14, 44) provided in common for these pump chambers (12a, 12b, 12c). The volume changing unit (18a, 18b, 18c, 45a, 45b, 45c) that increases or decreases the volume of the corresponding pump chamber (12a, 12b, 12c) with the reciprocating movement of (14, 44), and each pump chamber (12a, 12b, 12c) suction valve (28a, 28b, 28c) and discharge valve (30a, 3) provided on the suction side and the discharge side, respectively.
0b, 30c). The discharge sides of the pump chambers (12c) in the last stage of each pump group (10a, 10b) are communicated with each other by the communication part (32c), and the discharges in the pump chambers (12a, 12b) except the pump chamber (12c) in the last stage On the side, the pump chamber (12b, 1b) of the next stage of the pump group (10a, 10b) to which the pump chamber (12a, 12b) belongs
2c) and the pump chambers (12a, 12b, 12c) of the same stage and the next stage of the other pump groups (10a, 10b) to the other communication parts (32a, 3a).
It is communicated via 2b). The pressure regulators (36a, 36b, 36c) are arranged in the respective communication portions (32a, 32b, 32c), and the pressure regulators (36a, 36b, 3c)
The excess fluid ports (37a, 37b, 37c) of 6c) are
a, 36b, 36c) pump chamber (12a, 12b, 12) which regulates discharge pressure
It is connected to the suction side of c). Multiple pump groups (10a, 10b)
The phase difference of the reciprocating members (14,44) of the pump group (10
It is assumed to be equally divided by the number of a, 10b).

In the second aspect, the discharge amount of the pump chambers (12a, 12b, 12c) is from the pump chambers (12a, 12b, 12c) of the first stage to the pump chambers (12) of the second stage.
a, 12b, 12c), and gradually decrease.

The volume changing parts (18a, 18b, 18c, 45a, 45b, 45c) are generally plungers (18a, 18b, 18c) or pistons (45a, 45b, 45c).

[Action]

Each pump group (10a, 10b) repeats the operation of the suction stroke and the discharge stroke, is divided into a pump group in the suction stroke and a pump group in the discharge stroke, and acts alternately. In the pump group in the intake stroke, each intake valve (28a, 28b, 28c) and discharge valve (30a, 30
b, 30c) are opened and closed respectively, and in the pump group in the discharge stroke, each intake valve (28a, 28b, 28c) and discharge valve (30a, 30b, 30c) are closed and opened respectively. .

The communication part (32a, 32b, 32c) receives fluid from the pump chamber (12a, 12b, 12c) on the upstream side of the pump group in the discharge stroke, and the fluid in the communication part (32a, 32b, 32c) is the suction stroke. Is introduced into the pump chamber (12a, 12b, 12c) on the latter stage side of the pump group.
As a result, the reciprocating pump on the rear stage side further pressurizes and discharges the fluid pressurized by the reciprocating pump on the front stage side.

The pressure regulating section (36a, 36b, 36c) regulates the pressure of the communication section (32a, 32b, 32c), and hence the discharge pressure of the reciprocating pump whose discharge side is connected to the communication section (32a, 32b, 32c). Press. When the discharge pressure becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the excess fluid of the discharge pressure is discharged from the excess fluid port (37a, 37b, 37c) of the pressure adjusting section (36a, 36b, 36c), and the pressure adjusting section (36a, 36b , 36c) is guided to the suction side of the pump chamber (12a, 12b, 12c) whose discharge pressure is adjusted. Therefore, a pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the pump chambers (12a, 12b, 12c) of each stage is applied to each pressure adjusting section (36a, 36b, 36c). Further, each reciprocating pump sucks the high-pressure surplus fluid sent from the surplus fluid ports (37a, 37b, 37c) of the pressure regulators (36a, 36b, 36c).

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment applied to a plunger pump. This reciprocating pump device pressurizes a liquid as a fluid and includes two pump groups 10a and 10b, and both pump groups 10a and 10b have the same structure. Pump room 12a, 12
The b and 12c are arranged side by side with their center lines aligned, and the plunger member 14 is driven by the crankshaft 16 to reciprocate. The volume change amount of the pump chambers 12a, 12b, 12c is set in order to secure the suction of the liquid into the pump chamber in the subsequent stage.
It is preferable that the size be gradually decreased in order. The plunger portions 18a, 18b, 18c are integrally provided on the plunger member 14 corresponding to the pump chambers 12a, 12b, 12c, and the diameters thereof are successively reduced. As the plunger member 14 reciprocates, the pump chamber
The volumes of 12a, 12b, 12c are increased or decreased by the plunger portions 18a, 18b, 18c. The suction port 20 is the pump chamber of the first-stage reciprocating pump.
The pressure chamber 22 is connected to the pump chamber 12a in the axial direction of the plunger member 14 and communicates with the plunger portion 18a.
Surrounds. The seal packing 24 is the plunger part 18a
Holds the liquid-tightness of the base end side of the pressure chamber 22 against the sliding of the seals 26a, 26b, and 26c, respectively, between the pressure chamber 22 and the pump chamber 12a, between the pump chambers 12a and 12b, and the pump. It is arranged between the chambers 12b and 12c and maintains liquid tightness on both sides against sliding of the plunger portions 18a, 18b, 18c. The oil seal 27 is fitted into a penetrating portion of the plunger member 14 of a crankcase (not shown), and prevents the lubricating oil from leaking from the inside of the crankcase. Suction valves 28a, 28b, 28c and discharge valves 30a, 30b, 30c are arranged on the suction side and the discharge side of the pump chambers 12a, 12b, 12c, respectively. The suction valves 28a, 28b, 28c and the discharge valves 30a, 30b, 30c are non-return valves and open / close in association with the change in the volume of the pump chambers 12a, 12b, 12c accompanying the reciprocating movement of the plunger member 14.

The upstream side of the suction valve 28a of the pump group 10a, 10b communicates with the suction port 20. The communication part 32a includes a discharge valve 30a of the pump group 10a, a downstream side of the discharge valve 30a, an upstream side of the suction valve 28b, and the discharge valve 30b of the pump group 10b.
It communicates with the downstream side of a and the upstream side of the suction valve 28b. Communication part 32
b communicates with the downstream side of the discharge valve 30b of the pump group 10a and the upstream side of the intake valve 28c, and the downstream side of the discharge valve 30b of the pump group 10b and the upstream side of the intake valve 28c. The communication part 32c is the pump group 10
It communicates with the downstream side of the discharge valves 30c of a and 10b, and also with the discharge port 100 of the reciprocating pump device as a whole. Regulator valve 3
6a, 36b, 36c communicate with the communication portions 32a, 32b, 32c,
Limit the maximum pressure at those points. The residual liquid ports 37a, 37b, 37c of the pressure regulating valves 36a, 36b, 36c are respectively the suction port 20 and the communication parts 32a, 3
Connected to 2b.

The phases of the plunger members 14 of the pump groups 10a and 10b are shifted by 180 ° (a value obtained by dividing 360 ° by 2) at the angle of the crankshaft 16, and one of the pump groups has a suction stroke (in FIG. Of the other pump group is in the discharge stroke (movement of the plunger member 14 to the left in FIG. 1).

The operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

During the period when the pump group 10a is in the intake stroke, the pump group 10b is in the discharge stroke, and in the pump group 10a, the intake valves 28a, 28b, 28c
And the discharge valves 30a, 30b, 30c are opened and closed, respectively. In the pump group 10b, the suction valves 28a, 28b, 28c and the discharge valves
30a, 30b, 30c are in a closed state and an open state, respectively. The communication parts 32a, 32b, 32c are supplied with liquid from the pump chambers 12a, 12b, 12c of the pump group 10b, and the liquids of the communication parts 32a, 32b are pump group 1
It is introduced into the pump chambers 12b and 12c of 0a.

Further, during the period when the pump group 10a is in the discharge stroke, the pump group 10b is in the suction stroke, and in the pump group 10a, the suction valve 28a,
28b, 28c and discharge valves 30a, 30b, 30c are closed and open, respectively, and in pump group 10b, suction valves 28a, 28b, 28c and discharge valves 30a, 30b, 30c are open and closed, respectively. . The communication parts 32a, 32b, 32c are the pump chambers 12a, 12 of the pump group 10a.
Liquid is received from b and 12c, and liquid in the communication parts 32a and 32b is pump group
It is introduced into pump chambers 12b and 12c of 10b.

Thereby, the pump chambers 12b, 12c on the rear stage side further pressurize and discharge the liquid pressurized by the pump chambers 12a, 12b on the front stage side, so that liquids of various pressures can be taken out from each stage. The pressure of the communication part 32c as the discharge pressure of the pump chamber 12c at the last stage becomes very high.

Seals 26a, 26b, 2 for maintaining liquid tightness of the pump chambers 12a, 12b, 12c
6c receives the pressure of the pump chambers adjacent in the axial direction of the plunger member 14 from both sides, and only a differential pressure is applied to them.

The pressure regulating valves 36a, 36b, 36c are respectively pressures of the communication parts 32a, 32b, 32c, and therefore the pump chambers 12a, 12b, 12c of the pump groups 10a, 10b.
Adjust the discharge pressure of. Then, when the discharge pressure exceeds a predetermined value, the excess liquid of the discharge pressure is adjusted by the pressure regulating valves 36a, 36b, 36.
From the residual liquid ports 37a, 37b, 37c of the suction port 20 and the communication part, respectively.
Guided to 32a, 32b. As a result, each pump chamber 12a, 12b, 1
At 2c, the high-pressure liquid introduced from the residual liquid ports 37a, 37b, 37c of the pressure regulating valves 36a, 36b, 36c is sucked and compressed.

The pressure regulating valves 36a, 36b, 36c press the valve body against the valve seat by a spring whose preload can be adjusted as shown in the figure, and when the pressure regulating side exceeds the preload of the spring, the valve body separates from the valve seat. The surplus liquid is allowed to escape from the residual liquid ports 37a, 37b, 37c. Pressure regulator 36a, 3
The pressure regulating valves 36a, 36b, 3 are provided at the residual liquid outlets 37a, 37b, 37c of 6b, 36c.
Since the pressure on the suction side of the pump chambers 12a, 12b, 12c whose 6c is adjusting the discharge pressure is applied, the differential pressure applied to each pressure regulating valve 36a, 36b, 36c decreases, and each pressure regulating valve 36a, 36b, 36c The durability of the valve body and the valve seat is improved.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a main part of the modified example of FIG. The pump group 10b also has the same configuration as the pump group 10a, and therefore is not shown. In FIG. 1, the plunger parts 18a, 18b, 18c
2 is formed integrally with the plunger member 14, whereas the plunger portions 18a, 18b, 18c are formed separately from the plunger member 14 in FIG. That is, the plunger member 14 has the shaft portion 38, the plunger portions 18a, 18b, 18c are fitted in order, and the nut 40 is screwed onto the tip end portion of the shaft portion 38 so that the plunger portions 18a, 18b, 18c come off. Is being prevented. In the example of FIG. 2, the plunger portions 18a, 18b, 18c can be easily processed, the plunger portions 18a, 18b, 18c can be replaced, and the material of the plunger portions 18a, 18b, 18c can be changed depending on the liquid. Can be changed and used.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment applied to a piston pump. Descriptions of portions common to FIG. 1 will be omitted, and only different points will be described. Cylinder pipes 42a, 42b, 42c partition the peripheries of the pump chambers 12a, 12b, 12c, respectively, and the piston member 44 corresponds to the pump chambers 12a, 12b, 12c. It has 45b and 45c integrally. The seal packings 46a, 46b, 46c are respectively the piston parts 45a, 45
The cylinder pipes 42a, 42b, 42c are fitted around the peripheral portions of b, 45c and slide along the reciprocating movement of the piston member 44. Pump group 1
The piston members 44 of 0a and 10b are the pump groups 10a and 10b of FIG.
As with the plunger member 14 of, the phase is the crankshaft.
The two pump groups are offset by 180 ° at an angle of 16 and when one pump group is in the suction stroke (movement of the piston member 44 to the right in FIG. 3), the other pump group is in the discharge stroke (piston member in FIG. 3). 44 exercise to the left). The pump chambers 12a, 12b, 12c of the pump groups 10a, 10b are connected in series by the communication portions 32a, 32b so that the liquid pressurized in the pump chamber in the front stage is further pressurized in the pump chamber in the rear stage. The high-pressure liquid is discharged to the communication portion 32c, that is, the discharge port of the reciprocating pump device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a main part of the modified example of FIG. The pump group 10b also has the same configuration as the pump group 10a, and therefore is not shown. In FIG. 3, the piston portions 45a, 45b, 45c are formed integrally with the piston member 44, whereas in FIG. 4, the piston portions 45a, 45b, 45c are formed separately from the piston member 44. There is. That is, the piston member 44 is
48, the piston parts 45a, 45b, 45c are fitted in order,
The nut 50 is screwed onto the tip of the shaft 48 so that the piston 45a, 45
It prevents the b and 45c from coming off. In the example of FIG. 4, the material of the piston parts 45a, 45b, 45c can be shortened and
The material can be easily obtained and processed, and the piston 45a,
45b, 45c can be replaced, and the material of the piston parts 45a, 45b, 45c can be changed according to the application.

〔The invention's effect〕

In this way, the plurality of reciprocating pumps in each pump group are driven by a common reciprocating member, and the phase difference of the reciprocating members of the plurality of pump groups is 360 ° equally divided by the number of pump groups. The section connects the reciprocating pumps of each pump group in series and guides the fluid discharged from the pump chamber of the pump group of the pressurizing stroke to the pump chamber of the suction stroke of the other pump group. As a result, the fluid is stepwise pressurized by the reciprocating pump,
Fluid of various pressures can be taken out from the reciprocating pump at each stage, and very high pressure fluid can be obtained from the reciprocating pump at the last stage.

Further, since the seal is provided between the pump chambers that are adjacent to each other in each pump group, and has a role of maintaining liquid tightness between the pump chambers, the pressure difference between the two sides of the seals is determined by the reciprocating pump device. It becomes a small value regardless of the magnitude of the fluid pressure that is generated dynamically, and the pressure resistance of the seal can be reduced and the durability of the seal can be improved.

The pressure adjusting portion for adjusting the pressure of each communication portion, and thus the discharge pressure of the pump chamber whose discharge side is connected to the communication portion, has its excess fluid port connected to the suction side of the pump chamber. Therefore, the suction pressure of each pump chamber rises and the pump efficiency rises.

Since each pressure regulator has an excess fluid port connected to the suction side of the reciprocating pump that regulates the pressure, the pressure difference between the valve body and the valve seat of each pressure regulator causes the pressure regulator to control the discharge pressure. The difference between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the pump to be adjusted causes the durability of each part of the pressure adjusting unit to be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings relate to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment applied to a plunger pump, FIG. 2 is a view showing a modification of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an embodiment applied to a piston pump. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an example, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a modified example of FIG. 10a, 10b …… Pump group, 12a, 12b, 12c …… Pump chamber, 14…
... Plunger member (reciprocating member), 18a, 18b, 18c ... Plunger part (volume change part), 26a, 26b, 26c ... Seal, 2
8a, 28b, 28c …… Suction valve, 30a, 30b, 30c …… Discharge valve, 32a, 3
2b, 32c ...... Communication part, 36a, 36b, 36c ...... Pressure regulation valve (pressure regulation part), 37a, 37b, 37c ...... Surplus liquid port (excess fluid port), 44 ......
Piston member (reciprocating member), 45a, 45b, 45c ...... Piston part (volume change part).

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A reciprocating pump device comprises a plurality of pump groups (10a, 10a).
b), each pump group (10a, 10b) has a plurality of pump chambers (12a, 12b, 12) arranged side by side with a common center line.
c) and a seal (26a, 26b, 26c) that is arranged between the adjacent pump chambers (12a, 12b, 12c) to maintain liquid tightness between both pump chambers (12a, 12b, 12c). , These pump rooms (12a, 1
2b, 12c) provided on a common reciprocating member (14, 44), and the volume of the corresponding pump chamber (12a, 12b, 12c) is increased or decreased as the reciprocating member (14, 44) reciprocates. Volume changer (18a, 18b, 18c, 45a, 45b, 45c) and each pump room (12a, 12
b, 12c) has a suction valve (28a, 28b, 28c) and a discharge valve (30a, 30b, 30c) provided on the suction side and the discharge side, respectively, and the last stage of each pump group (10a, 10b) Pump room (12c)
The discharge sides of the pump chambers (12a, 12b) except the last pump chamber (12c) are connected to each other by the communication part (32c). , 1
0b), the pump chambers (12b, 12c) of the next stage, and the pump chambers (12) of the same stage and the next stage of the other pump groups (10a, 10b)
a, 12b, 12c) via other communication parts (32a, 32b), and pressure regulating parts (36a, 36b, 36c) are communication parts (32a, 32b, 32c).
The excess fluid ports (37a, 37b, 37c) of the pressure regulating section (36a, 36b, 36c) are arranged in the pump chamber (12a) where the pressure regulating section (36a, 36b, 36c) regulates the discharge pressure. , 12b, 12c), and the phase difference of the reciprocating members (14, 44) of the plurality of pump groups (10a, 10b) is 360 ° by the number of pump groups (10a, 10b). A reciprocating pump device characterized by being divided. 2. The discharge amount of the pump chambers (12a, 12b, 12c) is from the pump chambers (12a, 12b, 12c) in the front stage to the pump chamber (1 in the rear stage).
2. The reciprocating pump device according to claim 1, wherein the reciprocating pump device has a decreasing amount in the order of 2a, 12b, 12c). 3. The volume changing section (18a, 18b, 18c, 45a, 45b, 45
The reciprocating pump device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein c) is a plunger (18a, 18b, 18c). 4. The volume changing section (18a, 18b, 18c, 45a, 45b, 45
Reciprocating pump device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that c) is a piston (45a, 45b, 45c).