JPH0759478A - Apparatus for cutting and digging of root of tree, etc. - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To smoothly perform the excavation of earth and sand and its relating work for the root-cutting and dig-up of tree, etc., independent of the nature of the ground. CONSTITUTION:This root cutting and digging apparatus is provided with front wheels 11 positioned at the right and left of a planting object, rear wheels 12 driven to move the main body 10 in circumferential direction and a digging mechanism placed on the main body 10 between the front and the rear wheels and composed of a rotary blade 13 and a blade cover 14 surrounding the blade. The digging mechanism is pivoted to the main body 10 in a state turnable between a horizontal posture to retreat the mechanism above the ground and a vertical position to dig the earth and sand. The posture of the digging mechanism can be changed as a whole while rotating the rotary blade 13.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a main body provided with a carriage mechanism for moving around a substantially upright plant such as a trunk of a tree. The present invention relates to a root excavating device suitable for transplanting trees and the like, which is provided with an excavation mechanism for excavating the soil around the plant in order to form trees.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in order to transplant a tree, it is necessary to dig it up and carry out root winding. For this purpose, a civil engineering machine such as a power shovel has been conventionally used. However, power shovels have no other choice but to move linearly to dig the roots, which is not efficient, and because the above work is performed between trees that are cultivated at several shaku intervals, adjacent trees are damaged or broken. There was a problem that there were many things to do.

Therefore, the applicant has developed a root excavator for excavating a substantially circular annular groove around a tree or the like,
Some of the results have already been filed. The root digging device can form a groove by digging a hole in the ground with a rotary blade of spiral shape and moving the rotary blade horizontally. However, the rotary vanes were first lowered vertically into the ground, and finally raised again vertically, and the structure was complicated, and there was room for improvement in operability and workability.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the problem is that the start, execution and completion of excavation of earth and sand by a rotary blade can be favorably performed with a rational structure. In addition, the root cutting work of trees and the like can be performed smoothly without being affected by soil quality.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention relates to a root cutting and digging device for trees and the like, and at the time of excavation, the front wheels 11 located on the left and right of the plant and away from the plant. In order to excavate earth and sand, the rear wheel 12 that can be driven by power in order to move the main body 10 in the circumferential direction of the circle centered on the plant at the time of excavation A main body between the front and rear wheels 11, 12 is an excavation mechanism including a rotary blade 13 rotatably provided around an axis in the vertical direction and a blade cover 14 having one side surface of the blade opened and the other side surface closed. Along with the shaft 15 set in the lower part and set above the blade cover 14 as a center, between the horizontal position in which the excavation mechanism is retracted to the ground and the vertical position for excavating earth and sand by the mechanism. The excavation mechanism is rotatably attached to the main body 10. Supported by the second gear provided at the upper end of the rotary blade 13 and the first gear 16 provided coaxially of the axis 15 1
7 is engaged with the first gear 16 to drive it, and at the same time, the posture of the entire excavation mechanism is changed.

[0006]

1 is a side view showing a root cutting and digging apparatus for trees and the like according to an embodiment of the present invention. This device is provided with a pair of front and rear wheels 11 and 12 for moving around a fixed radius around an almost upright plant such as a trunk of a tree.
A dolly mechanism A composed of and is provided at the bottom of the main body 10.
The front wheels 11, 11 of the bogie mechanism are rotatably supported by a front wheel support frame 18 provided on the front part of the main body 10 so as to be movable back and forth through a wheel receiver 44. The slide rail 41 is provided so that it can enter and exit from the front end of the main body. A screw member 19 provided with a female screw at its tip is attached to the rear portion of the front wheel support rack 18, and a screw portion 21 of an operating rod 20 provided on the body side is screwed into the screw member 19 to attach the screw to the body 10.
The distance between the front wheels 11 or the radius of the groove to be excavated by the excavation mechanism B can be adjusted.

The front of the front wheel support rack 18 is provided with the left and right front wheels 1.
There is an introduction part 22 that can be opened and closed to position the planting object between 1 and 11. The introduction part 22 is provided with a plurality of guide rollers 24 along the inner side of the introduction part 22 that rolls in contact with the outer circumference of a protective cylinder 23 that protects the trunk of a plant or tree located inside the U-shape. There is. Reference numeral 42 is a closing plate that closes the opening of the introduction portion 22, and a guide roller 24 is also provided inside thereof.

A pair of left and right wheel receivers 44 are rotatably mounted around a vertical axis 43, each wheel receiver 44 is connected by a tie rod 25, and a pinion gear 27b is mounted on the upper end of one vertical axis 43. . The gear 27b
Is screwed with a worm gear 27a attached to the tip of a steering rod 26 provided on the main body 10 so as to be extendable and contractible, and the front wheel 11 can be steered by operating a handle 46 at the other end of the steering rod 26. it can. Both gears 27a and 27b form a screwing means 27. The steering rod 26 is provided with an expansion / contraction mechanism 45 formed by a spline, key engagement, or the like on the way, and corresponds to the adjustment of the excavation radius.

The pair of left and right rear wheels 12 and 12 can be turned around a vertical axis 38 on the left and right of the rear portion of the main body. The rear wheels 12, 12 are driven by power, so that the drive shaft 37 connects the upper ends of the left and right rear wheel-side vertical axes 38 by the meshing means 39. The engagement means 39 is the drive shaft 37.
Side bevel gear 39a and bevel gear 39b attached to the vertical axis 38 side. A drive device 35 including an internal combustion engine mounted on the main body 10 is used as a power source for traveling, and the power taken out from the drive device 35 is transmitted to the drive shaft 37 by the second transmission means 36.

Although the specific construction of the second transmission means 36 may be arbitrary, the illustrated one has a second speed reducer 48 behind the first speed reducer 47, which are connected by a chain sprocket or the like. . Incidentally, a meshing means 49 composed of a gear such as a bevel gear is provided at the lower end of the vertical axis 38, and transmits the rotation of the vertical axis 38 to the rear wheel 12 (see FIG. 6). Reference numeral 50 denotes a connecting pin, which is attached to and detached from the holes provided in the rear wheel 12 and the axle that is rotated by the screwing means 49, and is used as a means for selecting connection or disconnection of power to the rear wheel 12.

The excavation mechanism B for excavating earth and sand has a continuous rotary blade 13 spirally attached to a vertical rotary blade shaft 51, and a blade cover 14 is provided on the outer periphery thereof. The blade cover 14 has an opening 52 on one side and a closed portion 53 on the opposite side, and has a configuration in which a discharge port 29 is provided on the side surface of the upper closed portion 53 so as to be openable and closable. 1
Reference numeral 3'denotes an earth and sand discharging blade, which is radially provided on the upper end of the rotary blade 13. The blade cover 14 is rotatably supported by the main body 10 at the upper end thereof so as to be movable between a horizontal position and a vertical position, which are retracted to the ground with the opening 52 facing the front, and a central axis therefor. Reference numeral 15 is set so as to penetrate a gear box 30 provided on the upper end surface of the blade cover 14.

In the case of the illustrated device, both sides of the gear box 30 are rotatably held around the shaft 15 by front and rear holding plates 54 and 55 suspended on the left and right of the blade cover 14.
The raising / lowering gear 32 provided on the pivot 31 on the shaft 15 and the operating gear 33 attached to the operating shaft 56 are screwed together, and the handle 57 for operating the operating shaft 56 is rotated, so that the posture of the entire excavation mechanism is turned sideways. It is configured to be manually converted between the vertical position and the vertical position. Reference numeral 58a denotes a worm gear provided on the shaft of the handle 57, and 58b denotes a gear meshing with the worm gear, which is attached to the other end of the operation shaft 56.

As the power for driving the rotary vanes 13, the power taken out from the above-mentioned drive device 35 through the first transmission means 34 is used. That is, the end of the first transmission means 34 is
It is coupled to a rotary shaft 59 provided coaxially with the shaft 15, and a first gear 16 provided on the rotary shaft 59 meshes with a second gear 17 provided at the upper end of the rotary blade shaft 51 to connect the rotary blade 13 to the rotary blade 13. It is configured to be driven. In each figure, 60 is a means for transmitting power from the drive device 35 to the first speed reducer 47, and 61 is an operating rod 20.
, 62 is an earth discharging plate, and 63 is an operating lever.

In the root cutting and digging apparatus according to the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, as shown in FIG.
For example, the trunk P of the tree is located between 1 and 11, but when moving the entire apparatus toward the target object in this way, the rear wheel 12 can be self-propelled. After the tip of the main body is set on the target trunk P, the excavation mechanism is positioned on the radius of the groove T to be excavated, and the direction of the rear wheel 12 is changed to the circumferential direction of the groove to form the groove T having the predetermined radius. To be dug.

When the excavation is started, the excavation mechanism B is in the laterally retracted position as shown in FIG. 5, and when the mechanism is turned to the vertical position, the turning center shaft 15 faces the radial direction of the groove T. Therefore, the opening 52 of the blade cover 14 faces the circumferential direction. When the excavation mechanism is turned in the traveling direction from the ground surface to the ground with the opening 52 facing the ground surface (arrow in FIG. 5),
The rotary vane 13 rotating in the vane cover 14 allows the earth and sand to be dug down in an arc shape (chain line in FIG. 5 and state in FIG. 1). The earth discharging plate 62 is closed at the time of digging, and the earth and sand excavated are discharged from the upper portion, so that the upper discharge port 29 is always opened.

The earth and sand excavated by the rotation of the rotary blades 13 are closed behind the groove T by the blade cover 14, and the left and right sides and the front are closed by the walls of the groove T, so that they are successively conveyed upward and opened to the ground. From the discharge port 29 on the side where
It is released to the outside by 3'and deposited outside the groove. In addition, a small conveyor may be installed side by side to discharge sediment. In this way, the earth and sand will be excavated in a donut shape with a constant radius. After completion of the excavation work, the excavation mechanism is pulled up to a horizontal posture, at which time the soil discharge plate 62 is opened,
Reduce resistance.

For the purpose of transplanting trees, it is advisable to cut the price by the above work twice. In other words, the first time is several months before transplanting, at this time, the groove is filled again to prevent the tree pot from being damaged, and then at the time of transplanting, the trench is re-digged again, the pot is dug up, and the root curls are removed. It is done and transplanted. As a result, the tree vigor can be maintained and rooted surely after transplantation, but for this reason, it is better that the root cutting work is easy. The present invention can sufficiently cope with the protection of such trees, and therefore has the effect of significantly improving the reliability of transplantation.

[0018]

Since the present invention is constructed and operates as described above, the excavation of the groove is started while the posture of the excavation mechanism including the rotary blade 13 and the blade cover 14 is changed from the lateral position to the fixed position. Since it is possible to dig a groove and complete root cutting while moving the device self-propelled by the rear wheel 12 which can be driven by power, the operability and the operability can be made simple and rational. The workability can be significantly improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a root excavation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the excavation mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the above.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a rear wheel drive mechanism.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a working state by the device according to the present invention.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A main body 10 having a carriage mechanism for moving around a substantially upright plant such as a trunk of a tree, to form a substantially annular groove around the plant. A root cutting and digging device provided with a digging mechanism for digging earth and sand around a plant, which is arranged at a position apart from the front wheels 11 located on the left and right of the plant at the time of digging, At the time of excavation, a rear wheel 12 that can be driven by power to move the main body 10 in a circumferential direction of a circle around the plant is installed as a bogie mechanism on the main body 10, and around the vertical axis for digging earth and sand. An excavation mechanism including a rotatably provided rotary vane 13 and a vane cover 14 that opens one side surface of the vane and closes the other side surface thereof is arranged at a lower portion of the main body between the front and rear wheels 11 and 12, and Centering on the shaft 15 set on the upper part of the blade cover 14, The excavation mechanism is pivotally supported on the main body 10 so as to be rotatable between a horizontal position in which the excavation mechanism is retracted to the ground and a vertical position for excavating earth and sand by the same mechanism. The first gear 16 provided at the upper end of the rotary vane 13 is meshed with the first gear 16
A root cutting and digging device for trees and the like, characterized in that the gear 16 is driven by power and at the same time the posture of the entire excavation mechanism is changed. 2. A front wheel support frame 18 is provided at the front part of the main body 10 so as to be movable back and forth, and a screw member 19 provided in the front and rear direction of the front wheel support frame 18 is provided with a screw part 21 of an operating rod 20 provided on the main body side. The root cutting and digging device for trees and the like according to claim 1, which is configured to be screwed, and the position of the front wheel is adjusted by rotating the operating rod 20 to adjust the radius of the groove to be excavated by the excavating mechanism. . 3. The front wheel support rack 18 includes left and right front wheels 11, 1
Introducing part 22 that can be opened and closed to position the plant between 1
And has a configuration in which a plurality of guide rollers 24 that roll in contact with the outer circumference of the plant or the protective cylinder 23 that protects the plant located inside the introduction part are provided inside the introduction part 22. A root cutting and digging device for trees and the like according to claim 2. 4. A pair of left and right front wheels 11, 11 is steerably mounted on a front wheel support frame 18 and is connected by a tie rod 25, and is meshed with a steering rod 26 provided on the main body 10 so as to extend and contract. The root cutting and digging device for trees and the like according to claim 2, which is configured to carry out steering by means 27. 5. A vane cover 1 combined with a rotary vane 13.
4. An upper part 4 completely covers the entire circumference of the rotary vane 13 with an upper part 28, and a discharging port 29 for discharging the earth and sand dug up is provided on the upper part 28 so as to be openable and closable. A root cutting and digging device for trees. 6. A shaft 15 of the excavation mechanism penetrates a gear box 30 provided on an upper portion of the blade cover 14, and the shaft 1
5 has a pivot 31 provided at the end, and the blade cover 14 and the rotary blade 13 rotatably provided therein are suspended from the main body 10 via a gear box 30 and provided on the pivot 31. The tree according to claim 1, wherein the rotation of the operation gear 33 screwed with the lifting gear 32 causes the posture of the entire excavation mechanism to be changed between a horizontal retreat position and a vertical excavation position. Root cutting and digging device. 7. A first transmission means 34 for transmitting the rotational force of a drive device 35 described in the main body 10 is connected to the first gear 16 of the excavation mechanism to make the rotary blade 13 rotatable.
The root cutting and digging device according to claim 1, wherein the second transmission means 36 is connected to the drive shafts 37 of the left and right rear wheels 12. 8. The left and right rear wheels 12, 12 are each rotatable about a vertical axis 38 to change their orientation.
The root cutting and digging device for trees and the like according to claim 7, which has a structure in which the drive shaft 37 and the drive shaft 37 are connected by a meshing means 39.