JPH0757875A - Element of organic film - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the operating performance, operating stability and reliability of an organic film by providing a land metal layer between at least one of opposed electrodes and one or more layers provided between the electrodes. CONSTITUTION:An organic layer is formed on an insulating support body-like positive electrode, a land silver distributed layer is formed so as not to form a continuous film, and a negative electrode is further formed. Thus, the metal distributed layer is provided between the negative electrode which is one of the opposed electrodes and the organic layer provided between the electrodes. Implantation of electrons is carried out in the critical surface between the negative electrode and the organic layer, and influenced by the critical surface state as well as work function. When the land metal distributed layer is provided on the critical surface, a cavity part free from metal is formed, and the critical surface can be observed by a scanning type electron microscope. Further, smooth carrier movement can be performed, and an electronic device having excellent operating performance and operating stability can be provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light emitting device such as an organic EL device and an organic film device such as a solar cell and a light receiving device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, along with the remarkable development of electronics technology, various organic film elements having new functions have been developed. For example, there are solar cells, photodiodes, etc. as light receiving elements, and electroluminescence (EL) elements, LEDs, as light emitting elements.
There are semiconductor lasers and the like. The structure of these devices is generally one or more layers (hereinafter referred to as functional layers) between the anode and the cathode.
And the movement of carriers is accompanied at the interface between the electrode and the functional layer in the operation process.

An organic EL element will be described as an example. The organic EL element is composed of an organic phosphor sandwiched between counter electrodes, and emits light when electrons injected from the cathode and holes injected from the anode recombine in the light emitting layer. . For such a device, it has been attempted to use a single crystal of an organic phosphor such as anthracene or a thin film formed by a vapor deposition method as a light emitter, but the density of holes or electrons as carriers is very small. However, since the probability of excitation of functional molecules due to carrier migration or recombination is low, efficient light emission cannot be obtained, and power consumption and brightness are not satisfactory.

Further, by providing a hole injection layer between the anode and the light emitting layer to increase the density of holes as carriers,
It is disclosed that high luminous efficiency can be obtained in a laminated organic EL device having a structure in which the functions are separated in each layer.
81, JP-A-59-194393, and JP-A-63-295695. Further, in JP-A-63-264692, a light emitting layer provided between a hole injecting and transporting layer and a cathode is provided with a single organic host material capable of sustaining injection of both holes and electrons and a small amount of fluorescent material. It is known that the light emitting wavelength can be controlled in a wide range and a high light emitting efficiency can be obtained by the above structure.

On the other hand, the inventors of the present invention have disclosed a fluorescent substance disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-212286 in relation to a laminated organic EL device having a structure in which the respective layers such as the light emitting layer and the hole injection layer are functionally separated. , A compound that moves holes injected from the anode to give holes to the fluorescent substance (hole transfer donor) and a compound that transfers electrons injected from the cathode to give electrons to the fluorescent substance (electron transfer donor) In a dispersion type electroluminescent device in which a layer (organic layer) made of an organic material mixed with a functional material such as) is provided between an anode and a cathode, the organic electroluminescent device has highly efficient emission characteristics and is inexpensive and easy to manufacture. We are proposing EL devices.

However, in these organic EL elements, the adhesion between the cathode and the most cathode-side layer (the layer in contact with the cathode) of the organic layers is generally poor, so that external forces or internal stress of the cathode itself cause It is easy to peel off, and as a result, there are problems such as non-luminous portions being formed in places on the light emitting surface, electron injection being easily obstructed, and stable high emission efficiency cannot be obtained.

As another example, in a solar cell that converts light energy of the sun into electric energy, the process of carrier movement at the interface between the electrode and the functional layer affects the characteristics of the device, and the conversion efficiency is still low. Is the current situation. Also in other photoelectric conversion elements, the carrier transfer process between the electrode and the functional layer is not smooth, and the characteristics of the element are degraded.

[0008]

As described above, various organic film elements have been proposed. However, in the elements proposed so far, there is a problem that the movement of carriers between electrodes and functional layers is not smooth. However, there is room for improvement in operational performance, operational stability, and reliability. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention enables smooth carrier movement in an element that accompanies a carrier movement process at an interface between an electrode and a functional layer when the element operates, particularly an organic EL element, a solar cell and a photodiode, and as a result, excellent operation. An organic film element having performance, operational stability, and reliability is provided. For example, organic EL
In the device, an organic EL device having a small number of non-light emitting portions, excellent emission uniformity, and high efficiency is provided.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies conducted by the present inventors to improve the operation performance, operation stability, and reliability of an organic film element, the interface between at least one electrode and a functional layer By providing a metal distribution layer that looks like an island when observed with a scanning electron microscope or a transmission electron microscope,
It has been found that an electronic device that enables smooth carrier movement and, as a result, has better operating performance, operational stability, and reliability than before can be obtained, and completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention is as follows. 1. In an organic film element having one or more layers between opposing electrodes, an island-shaped metal distribution layer is provided between at least one of the opposing electrodes and one or more layers between the electrodes. And an organic film element. 2. In an organic EL element having an organic layer between an electrode composed of an anode and a cathode, the organic layer contains a fluorescent substance composed of an organic substance, and an island-shaped metal distribution layer is provided between the organic layer and the cathode. An organic EL device characterized by: 3. A light-receiving element having one or more bonding surfaces between electrodes composed of an anode and a cathode, characterized in that an island-shaped metal distribution layer is provided between the cathode and a layer in contact with the cathode. 4. In a photovoltaic device having a structure in which a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer are laminated between electrodes composed of an anode and a cathode, an island-shaped metal distribution layer is provided between the cathode and the electron transport layer. And photovoltaic device.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to an organic element having a carrier transfer process at an interface between an electrode and a functional layer when the element operates, and an organic EL element, a solar cell and a photodiode are particularly effective organic film elements. Can be mentioned. In the organic film element of the present invention, it is necessary to provide a metal distribution layer that looks like an island when observed with a scanning electron microscope or a transmission electron microscope, at the interface between at least one of the anode and the cathode and the functional layer. Preferably, the interface between the cathode and the most cathode-side layer of the functional layer provided between the anode and the cathode (the layer that is in contact with the cathode in the case of multiple functional layers) and the cathode is island-shaped by observation with a scanning electron microscope or a transmission electron microscope. Provide a metal distribution layer that looks like. As a result, it is possible to obtain an element having an organic film that is remarkably excellent in operation performance and further excellent in operation stability and reliability.

[0012] Among them, regarding an organic EL element as a typical example, the most cathode side layer of the organic layer provided between the anode and the cathode (in the case of a plurality of organic layers, the organic layer is in contact with the cathode). If a metal distribution layer that looks like an island under observation with a scanning electron microscope or a transmission electron microscope is provided between the (layer) and the cathode, the ratio of the non-light emitting portion in the light emitting surface can be reduced. An organic EL device exhibiting high luminous efficiency can be obtained regardless of the cathode material used. The reason for this is not clear, but it is thought that by providing an island-shaped metal distribution layer between the organic layer and the cathode, the adhesion between the organic layer and the cathode is improved, and at the same time, a new level is formed at the interface. To be

The present invention will be described in detail below, focusing on the organic EL device. The organic EL element emits light when holes injected from the anode and electrons injected from the cathode are recombined in the light emitting layer, and is called a current injection type light emitting element. At this time, electron injection is performed at the interface between the cathode and the organic layer, and until now, the electron injection efficiency from the cathode is considered to increase as the work function of the cathode material decreases, resulting in higher emission efficiency of the device. Has been. However, since the injection of electrons is performed at the interface between the cathode and the organic layer, in addition to the work function, the interface state between the cathode and the organic layer, for example, the adhesion between the cathode and the organic layer, the shape of the organic layer surface, It can be considered that it depends on the influence of impurities at the interface between the cathode and the organic layer.

The present invention can improve the state of the interface between the cathode and the organic layer by providing an island-shaped metal distribution layer at the interface between the organic layer and the cathode. It is possible to reduce the ratio of the non-luminous portion in the plane. At the same time, if an island-shaped metal distribution layer is provided at the interface between the cathode and the organic layer, an organic EL element exhibiting high luminous efficiency can be obtained regardless of the cathode material used.
In the organic EL element of the present invention, an organic layer may be formed on an anode on an insulating support, then an island-shaped silver distribution layer may be formed so as not to form a continuous film, and then a cathode may be formed. The reverse order is also acceptable.

The island-shaped metal distribution layer can be used for organic layers having various structures which will be described later, and it is preferable to provide it between the most cathode side layer and the cathode among the organic layers. For example, in the case of an organic EL device of a two-layer type organic layer having a structure of an anode, a hole injection layer, a light emitting layer, and a cathode, an island-shaped metal distribution layer may be provided between the light emitting layer and the cathode. preferable. Further, in the case of an organic EL device of a two-layer type organic layer having a structure of an anode, a light emitting layer, an electron injection layer, and a cathode, an island-shaped metal distribution layer may be provided between the electron injection layer and the cathode. preferable. Furthermore, in the case of an organic layer three-layer type device having a structure of an anode, a hole injection layer, a light emitting layer, an electron injection layer, and a cathode, an island-shaped metal distribution layer is provided between the electron injection layer and the cathode. preferable.

The metal used for the distribution layer may be a metal distributed in an island shape on the organic layer, but a metal having a strong adhesive force to the organic layer and easily distributed in an island shape is preferable. For example, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni,
Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Tc, Ru, Rh, P
d, Cd, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir,
Pt, Au, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, In, Sn, T
Metals such as 1, Pb, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm,
Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, L
Examples thereof include rare earths such as u, alkaline earth metals such as Ca and Sr, and alkaline metals such as Li, K, and Rb.

Further, among these, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, whose work functions are 4 eV or more, from the viewpoint of stability,
Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Tc, Cd, Ta,
W, Re, Si, Ga and Ge are preferable, and Au, Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh, Os and Ir which are noble metal elements are particularly preferable. The island-shaped metal distribution layer provided between the organic layer and the cathode may be formed by vapor deposition or sputtering. For example, in the case of vapor deposition, the film thickness is monitored with a crystal oscillator.

The island-shaped metal distribution layer in the present invention means a state in which the metal is not a continuous film, that is, 0.25 μm ² (500
(nm × 500 nm) is a state in which the ratio of the area of the void portion in which the metal does not exist is 1% or more and 99.95% or less. Such a state can be easily observed with a scanning electron microscope or a transmission electron microscope. However, even if the ratio of the area of the void portion where the metal does not exist to the area of 0.25 μm ² (500 nm × 500 nm) is the same, the ease of forming island-shaped particles varies depending on the type of metal, and the film thickness is uniformly defined. However, if the correspondence between the average porosity and the average film thickness of each metal, it is possible to easily define the island-like state of each metal by the average film thickness.

Further, by providing an island-shaped metal distribution layer between the organic layer and the cathode, the effect of reducing the ratio of the non-light emitting portion in the light emitting surface and the effect of improving the light emitting efficiency are obtained regardless of the kind of the cathode material. Obtainable. Therefore, the organic E
The cathode material can be arbitrarily selected according to various requirements such as stability of the L element and solderability. The cathode material may be any metal as long as it has conductivity, and may be a simple substance or a composite. Further, the cathode structure may be a single layer or a laminated structure of two or more layers. For example, Sc, T
i, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn,
Y, Zr, Nb, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, C
d, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt,
Au, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, In, Sn, Tl, P
b etc. are mentioned. Also, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, S
m, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Y
Examples thereof include rare earth simple substances such as b and Lu, alkaline earth metals such as Mg, Ca, and Sr, alkali metals such as Li, K, and Rb, or semitransparent or opaque electrodes in which the above-mentioned elements are combined. Especially, M, which has a relatively small work function
When an alkaline earth metal such as g or a rare earth metal such as Sm is used, it may be used as a cathode by forming a complex with a metal having a relatively large work function, for example, a metal such as gold, copper, aluminum, platinum or silver. Good. In addition, a chemically stable metal such as gold, silver
One or more layers of copper, aluminum, platinum or the like may be laminated as a protective layer.

The organic layer (layer made of an organic substance) in the present invention may contain a fluorescent substance made of an organic substance between the anode and the cathode. As the fluorescent substance, any of dyes for dye lasers, fluorescent brighteners, and compounds that exhibit fluorescence upon irradiation with ultraviolet rays can be used, but the fluorescent quantum yield in a dilute solution is 10% or more. Are preferred. 10
% Or less, high luminous efficiency cannot be obtained when used as an EL device. The organic layer may have a single-layer structure, a double-layer structure or a three-layer structure, and may have a structure of four or more layers if necessary. The organic layer may be formed by coating or vapor deposition.

When the organic layer has a single-layer structure, the organic layer may be formed of the fluorescent substance alone by vapor deposition or coating, or may be formed as a complex containing the fluorescent substance, if necessary. Good. For example, if a fluorescent substance is given as an example, the following compounds that the present inventors have listed as the light emitting layer in JP-A-2-195683 may be used. Naphthalene derivative, anthracene derivative, polymethine derivative,
Examples thereof include oxazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, thiazole derivatives, metal complexes of 8-hydroxyquinolinone and its derivatives, ruthenium complexes, rare earth complexes and their derivatives. In addition, the present inventors
You may use the organic layer (organic layer which consists of a fluorescent substance, a hole transfer donor, and an electron transfer donor) used for the dispersion-type electroluminescent element by the coating proposed by 212286 gazette. Alternatively, a singlet with a light emitting layer (a layer composed of a hole transfer donor, an electron transfer donor and a fluorescent substance) used in the organic light emitting device proposed by the present inventors in Japanese Patent Application No. 4-6759. An organic layer consisting of a layer containing an oxygen quencher may be used.

Furthermore, polyparaphenylene vinylene (P
A conductive polymer such as PV), poly (2,5-dialkoxy-P-phenylene vinylene) (HOPPV), or polyphenylene vinylene may be used. When the organic layer has a two-layer structure, for example, the above-mentioned fluorescent substance alone or a composite substance containing the fluorescent substance is used as a light emitting layer, and a hole injection layer (including a hole mobility compound is included between the light emitting layer and the anode. Layer) or an electron injection layer (a layer containing an electron transfer compound) may be provided between the light emitting layer and the cathode to form an organic layer. More preferably, an organic layer composed of a light emitting layer and a hole transport layer proposed by the present inventors in JP-A-1-74988 may be used,
An organic layer composed of a hole injection transport zone and a light emission zone proposed in JP-A-63-264692, and JP-A-59-1
An organic layer composed of a hole injection zone and an organic emission zone proposed in Japanese Patent No. 94393 and JP-A-57-5.
An organic layer composed of a hole injection zone and an emission zone proposed in 1781 may be used.

A preferable hole-transporting compound used as the hole-injecting layer has an ionization potential of 8 eV.
A smaller compound having a hole mobility of 1 × 10 ⁻¹⁰ cm ² / V · sec or more at an electric field intensity of 1 × 10 ⁵ V / cm is used. As a specific example, JP-A-4-21228 is used.
Compounds such as those disclosed in JP-A-6 can be mentioned. More preferably, N, N'-diphenyl-N, N '
-Di (3-methylphenyl) -1,1'-biphenyl-
Triphenylamines such as 4,4′-diamine, N-
It is known to have hole transfer ability such as tertiary amines such as isopropylcarbazole and N-phenylcarbazole, pyrazoline derivatives, stilbene compounds, oxadiazoles, hydrazone compounds, phthalocyanines, and condensed polycyclic aromatic compounds. The compound having the function of a hole-transporting compound and a polymer binder is used.
Poly (N-vinylcarbazole), poly (4-diphenylaminophenylmethylmethacrylate), poly (4-
Examples thereof include polymers such as diphenylaminophenylmethacrylate) and polysilylenes such as poly (phenylmethylsilylene). These hole-transporting compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, the hole injection layer may be two or more layers.

As the electron transfer compound which can be used in the electron injection layer, compounds having an electron affinity of more than 0.1 eV are preferable, and as a concrete example, Japanese Patent Application No. 4-675.
The compounds as shown in No. 9 can be mentioned. More preferably, 2- (4'-tert-B butylphenyl) -5- (4 "-biphenyl) -1,3,4-
Oxadiazole derivatives such as oxadiazole and 2,5-bis (1-naphthyl) oxadiazole, 2- (1
-Naphthyl) -5-phenyloxazole and other oxazole derivatives, 2-styrylnaphtho [1,2-d] oxazole and other styryl compounds, vinylene compounds, 1,
Diaryl butadienes such as 1,4,4-tetraphenyl butadiene, stilbene compounds such as stilbene, and the like, which have both the functions of an electron transfer compound and a polymer binder, 1,3,4-oxadiene Examples thereof include polymers having an azole skeleton in the main chain or side chain.

Further, pyrene, perylene, pentacene,
Fused polycyclic aromatic compounds such as rubrene and their C
1-C20 alkyl substitution products and the like can be mentioned. These electron transfer compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Furthermore, the electron injection layer may be two or more layers. In the case of a three-layer structure of an organic layer, an electron injection layer may be provided on the cathode side of one layer of the organic layer and a hole injection layer may be provided on the anode side and sandwiched between the two layers so that the organic layer has a three-layer structure. As the organic layer in this case, the inventors of the present invention have described in JP-A-2-
It is possible to use an organic layer having a structure in which a hole injecting and transporting layer, a light emitting layer, and a hole blocking layer, which are proposed in JP-A-255788, are sequentially stacked from the anode side. At this time, the hole injecting and transporting layer can be used as the hole injecting layer, and the hole blocking layer can be used as the electron injecting layer.

The insulating support is not particularly limited,
Polyethylene terephthalate, cellulose acetate,
It may be a flexible support such as polycarbonate or polyvinyl chloride, or glass. A transparent or opaque conductive material formed on an insulating support is used as the anode, but when the cathode is opaque, the anode and the support need to be transparent. Particularly preferable examples are conductive oxides such as tin oxide, indium oxide, and indium tin oxide (ITO), or metals such as gold, silver, and chromium.
Examples thereof include inorganic conductive substances such as copper iodide and copper sulfide, and conductive polymers such as polythiophene, polypyrrole and polyaniline.

The organic EL element of the present invention is used for OA equipment such as a color display, a flat panel display, a backlight of a liquid crystal display, a static elimination light source for a copying machine or a light source for a printer, an on-vehicle display, a stop lamp, etc. , Or as an automobile part such as a turn signal lamp or a tail lamp, and for many applications where ordinary light emitting elements such as light emitting elements for toys and night displays for road construction are used. You can Further, since various luminescent colors can be obtained by selecting a fluorescent substance, it can be used for a full color display.

The organic EL element has been described in detail as a representative example of the present invention, but this is merely an example of the present invention and does not limit the present invention at all. For example, in a photovoltaic device having a structure in which an electron transporting layer and a hole transporting layer are stacked, if an island-shaped metal distribution layer is formed at the interface between the cathode and the electron transporting layer, a light emitting diode having good diode characteristics or conversion efficiency is obtained. It can be used as an electromotive force device. Further, if the present invention is applied to a photodiode, a light receiving performance superior to that of the conventional one can be obtained.

In addition to the above, the present invention can be applied to general organic film elements in which carriers move between the electrode and the functional layer during the operation of the element, and various functional layers can be used. Is.

[0030]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples.

[0031]

Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1 ITO glass [HOY
A manufactured by Sen Engineering Co., Ltd., after ultrasonic cleaning in acetone and air drying.
PL-10-110] for 5 minutes. On this ITO glass, poly (N-vinylcarbazole) [manufactured by BASF, Luvican M17 as a hole transfer donor]
0] 1 part by weight, perylene 0.12 as an electron transfer agent
Parts by weight, 3- (2'-benzothiazolyl) -7-diethylaminocoumarin (coumarin 6) as a fluorescent substance.
A light emitting layer was formed in a thickness of 1000 A by dip coating from a 1,2-dichloroethane solution containing 02 parts by weight. Then, a crystal oscillator (MAXTE
K, P / N 103200 QTY-5) while monitoring Au, Pt, C so that the average film thickness is about 3Å
A metal distribution layer of u, Pd, and Ni is deposited (Examples 1 to 1).
5). At this time, when observing the metal distribution layer with a scanning electron microscope, each metal was distributed in an island shape, and it was 0.25 μm.
The ratio of the area of the void portion where no metal was present per ² (500 nm × 500 nm) (average porosity) was about 98%. On top of that, 150 aluminum is used as a cathode.
Laminate by 0Å vapor deposition. At this time, the light emitting area of the device was regulated to an area of 0.1 cm ² through a shadow mask.
When ITO glass was used as an anode for the devices thus produced and a direct current voltage was applied under a nitrogen stream, green light emission was observed in all the devices. Luminous efficiency of each metal distribution layer at this time (luminous luminance when a current of 10 (mA / cm ² ) is passed through the device)
Is shown in Table 1 together with an example (Comparative Example 1) in which the metal distribution layer is not provided. From this table, it is understood that the emission characteristics are remarkably improved by providing the metal distribution layer.

[0032]

Example 6 ITO glass [manufactured by HOYA Co., Ltd.] was ultrasonically cleaned in acetone and air-dried, and then an ultraviolet cleaning device [PL-10-11 manufactured by Sen Engineering Co., Ltd.] was used.
0] for 5 minutes. On the ITO glass serving as this anode, 1 part by weight of poly (N-vinylcarbazole) [manufactured by BASF, Luvican M170] as a hole transfer donor, and 0.12 parts by weight of perylene as an electron transfer donor,
3- (2'-benzothiazolyl) -7- as a fluorescent substance
An organic layer 1 was formed to a thickness of 1000Å by dip coating from a 1,2-dichloroethane solution containing 0.02 parts by weight of diethylaminocoumarin (coumarin 6). Then, a crystal oscillator (MAXTEK
The Au distribution layer 1 is vapor-deposited so as to have an average film thickness of 3Å while monitoring with P / N 103200 QTY-5). At this time, when the Au distribution layer 1 was observed with a scanning electron microscope, Au was distributed in an island shape and 0.25 μm ²
The ratio of the area of the void portion where Au did not exist per (500 nm × 500 nm) was 97.5% [referred to as site 1].

On the other hand, double-sided ITO glass (having ITO on both front and back surfaces of the glass) is ultrasonically cleaned in acetone and air-dried, and then 5 with an ultraviolet cleaning device [PL-10-110 manufactured by Sen Engineering Co., Ltd.]. Washed for minutes. On the upper surface of this double-sided ITO glass, 1 part by weight of poly (N-vinylcarbazole) as a hole transfer donor and 2,5-bis (1-naphthyl) -1,3,4 as an electron transfer donor.
An organic layer 2 having a thickness of 1200 Å was formed by dip coating from a 1,2-dichloroethane solution containing 0.9 part by weight of oxadiazole and 0.02 part by weight of rubrene as a fluorescent substance. Then, the Au distribution layer 2 is vapor-deposited on the organic layer 2 while monitoring the film thickness with a crystal oscillator so that the average film thickness becomes 80 Å. At this time, when the Au distribution layer 2 was observed with a scanning electron microscope, Au was distributed in an island shape,
Au per 0.25 μm ² (500 nm × 500 nm)
The ratio of the area of the void portion in which there was no was about 42%. Furthermore, I of ITO glass on one surface is used as a cathode on the surface.
The TO side is placed so as to contact the Au distribution layer 2 [referred to as site 2].

Finally, the Au distribution layer 1 in the region 1 and the second side of the double-sided ITO glass in the region 2 are brought into contact with each other to complete the device. The double-sided ITO glass located at the center of this multilayer element was set to a reference voltage (0 V), and a positive DC voltage was applied to the ITO of the part 1 and a negative DC voltage was applied to the ITO of the part 2, Green emission (C-6 emission)
Light emission was obtained by superimposing yellow (rubrene emission) from the region 2. As described above, various emission colors can be obtained by producing a multi-layer element, and full color is also possible (see FIG. 1).

[0035]

[Example 7] Well-cleaned ITO glass (Matsuzaki Vacuum,
Copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), which is an electron-accepting substance, is deposited on 30 Ω / □ by a vacuum deposition method to a thickness of about 300Å.
Next, N, N'-dimethyl-3, which is an electron-donating substance,
4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid diimide was provided with a thickness of about 500 Å, and then a crystal oscillator (MAXTEK P / N 103200 QTY-
While monitoring in 5), a Pt distribution layer is vapor-deposited so as to have an average film thickness of 10Å. At this time, when the Pt distribution layer was observed with a scanning electron microscope, Pt was distributed in an island shape, and the ratio of the area of the void portion where Pt did not exist per 0.25 μm ² (500 nm × 500 nm) was 93%. It was Further, gold was vacuum-deposited on it. The area formed by ITO and gold was 0.25 cm ² . Lead wires were attached to the two electrodes with silver paste. On the ITO side of this element,
6 mV / s while irradiating with white light of 75 MW / cm ^2.
The conversion efficiency was measured by applying a voltage swept by Voc = 0.43 V, Jsc = 0.91 mA / cm ² ,
ff = 0.51 and conversion efficiency is 0.25% and island-shaped P
By providing t, the performance of the photovoltaic green device could be improved.

[0036]

Comparative Example 2 A device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the island-shaped Pt distribution layer was not provided. The conversion efficiency was measured by applying a voltage swept at 6 mV / s to the ITO side of this device while irradiating it with white light of 75 mW / cm ² , and found that Voc = 0.31 V, Js
Since c = 0.19 mA / cm ² and ff = 0.33, the conversion efficiency was 0.026%, which was clearly worse than that in Example 3.

[0037]

[Table 1]

[0038]

Industrial Applicability The present invention provides an element of an organic film which has superior operating performance, operational stability and reliability than ever before. Although a wide variety of functional layers can be used, organic EL elements, solar cells, and photodiodes can be cited as particularly effective organic film elements. For example, in organic EL elements, It is possible to provide an organic EL device that has a small number of unlighted parts, is excellent in the uniformity of light emission, and is highly efficient.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view explanatory diagram of a multi-layer element of Example 6.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An organic film element having one or more layers between opposing electrodes, wherein an island-shaped metal distribution layer is provided between at least one of the opposing electrodes and one or more layers between the electrodes. An organic film element characterized by being provided. 2. An organic EL device having an organic layer between an electrode composed of an anode and a cathode, wherein the organic layer contains a fluorescent substance composed of an organic material, and an island-shaped metal distribution is provided between the organic layer and the cathode. An organic EL device having a layer. 3. A light receiving element having one or more bonding surfaces between electrodes composed of an anode and a cathode, wherein an island-shaped metal distribution layer is provided between the cathode and a layer in contact with the cathode. Light receiving element. 4. In a photovoltaic device having a structure in which a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer are laminated between an electrode composed of an anode and a cathode, an island-shaped metal distribution layer is provided between the cathode and the electron transport layer. A photovoltaic device characterized by being provided.