JPH0757607B2 - Roller bearing extractor - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a roller bearing extracting device for extracting a roller bearing housed in an axle box mounted on a bogie of a railway vehicle such as a container truck and a tank truck from the axle box. Is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are some railcars such as container cars, tank cars, hopper cars, etc. in which a wheel shaft is rotatably supported by roller bearings using cylindrical rollers or conical rollers. The roller bearings are removably housed in a shaft box that is mounted on a bogie such as a container car, and if a malfunction such as shaft burn occurs due to long-term use, it will cause a serious accident. During regular inspections (hereinafter referred to as full inspections), the roller bearings are taken out of the shaft box, disassembled, and cleaned before dimensional inspection. Then, when the size of the roller bearing is out of the standard, the roller bearing is repaired, and when the roller bearing cannot be repaired, the roller bearing is replaced with a new one, and the roller bearing is mounted on the axle box again and used.

As a conventional roller bearing extracting device used in such a full inspection, for example, there are those shown in FIGS. 8 (a) to 9 (d). This is a device main body 3 provided with a recessed portion 2 into which the axle box 1 removed from the wheel axle is inserted.
A hydraulic ram 5 which is provided on the main body 3 of the apparatus so as to be capable of advancing and retreating in the lateral direction with the tip of the ram shaft 4 facing the recess 2; the tip of the ram shaft 4; An extrusion jig 7 is provided between the bearing 6 and the bearing 6. Thus, the apparatus main body 3 is suspended above the transport conveyor 8 by the crane 9, and the operator manually pushes the axle box 1 placed on the transport conveyor 8 via the support base 10 to drive the apparatus. Body 3
It is inserted in the recessed portion 2 (FIG. 8A). Next, the extrusion jig 7 is set on the hydraulic ram 5 side of the roller bearing 6 (see FIG. 8).
(B)), the hydraulic ram 5 is operated to move the ram shaft forward (FIG. 9 (c)), and then the outer ring of the roller bearing 6 is laterally pressed by the pushing jig 7 to move the shaft box 1 The inner ring and rollers are removed (Fig. 9 (d)).

[0004]

However, in such a conventional roller bearing extracting device, the axle box 1 and the hydraulic ram 5 are centered in an unstable state in which the device body 3 is suspended by the crane 9. Since it has to be performed, not only is it difficult to set the shaft box 1 and it takes time to perform the centering work, but also when the hydraulic ram 5 is driven, the extrusion jig 7 is easily separated from the roller bearing 6, and the extrusion jig 7 causes There was a problem that the cage and its retainer were easily damaged. Further, since the crane 9 for suspending the apparatus main body 3 is required, not only the extraction work place of the roller bearing 6 is restricted, but also it is necessary to manually transport the roller bearing 6.
The operator must carry a heavy object that becomes dirty and slippery with grease by hand, forcing the operator to perform dangerous work for a long time, resulting in poor work safety and efficiency. There were also challenges.

The present invention has been made in view of the above conventional problems, and the shaft box is detachably fixed with the insertion hole in which the roller bearing is inserted vertically directed, and the push-out member is raised. The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems by pushing the roller bearings out of the insertion holes.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a roller bearing extracting device according to the present invention is a shaft box in which at least an outer ring holding a roller of a roller bearing is removably inserted into an insertion hole. Is a shaft box fixing mechanism capable of removably fixing the insertion hole in the vertical direction, and a pressing member vertically inserted into the insertion hole of the shaft box fixed by the shaft box fixing mechanism. And a pushing mechanism that pushes the roller bearing by the pressing member to push the roller bearing out of the insertion hole when the roller is lifted up. The second feature is that it is installed on the vehicle, and further, the roller bearing extraction device installed on the work vehicle having this wheel, and the axle box and the roller bearing can be freely detached by being suspended by a crane. Sustainable transportation cure And a third comprising the and.

[0007]

[Operation] The axle box removed from the wheel shaft of the bogie of the railway vehicle is fixed by the axle box fixing mechanism with the insertion hole in which the roller bearing is inserted facing vertically, and the pushing member is raised by the operation of the pushing mechanism. By making contact with the roller bearing, the pressing force of the pressing member can evenly press the periphery of the roller bearing, and the roller bearing can be easily inserted from the insertion hole of the shaft box without damaging the roller or the cage. Can be pulled out.

By installing the axle box fixing mechanism and the pushing mechanism on a movable vehicle body having traveling wheels, the roller bearing can be extracted at any place where the vehicle body can be moved. be able to. Then, by transporting the axle box or the like by the transport jig hung by the crane, it is possible to improve work efficiency and improve the work environment.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
Is a front view showing an embodiment of a carrying jig according to the present invention, FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are cross-sectional views taken along the line AA of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is mounted on a wheel axle. It is sectional drawing of an axle box.

First, the structure will be described. 11 shown in FIG.
Is a work vehicle in which a pair of small wheels 12 and a pair of caster wheels 13 that are wheels are attached to the lower surface, and a gate-shaped handle 14 for pushing a hand is provided on the upper side of the caster wheel 13 side of the work vehicle 11. It is provided. A mounting plate 16 supported substantially horizontally by three or more leg pieces 15 is fixed to the upper portion of the work vehicle 11 on the wheel 12 side. A pair of stoppers 1 each having a claw portion 17a protruding inward on the upper surface of the outer edge portion of the mounting plate 16.
7 are fixed, and the pair of stoppers 17 can lock the outward flange 1a provided at one end in the hole direction of the shaft box 1, thereby preventing the shaft box 1 from being lifted up by a pushing force from below. ing.

At the center of the mounting plate 16, an upper end portion of a one-rod type hydraulic ram 19 arranged so that the ram shaft 18 is perpendicular to the mounting plate 16 is fixed. A pressing member 23 is fixed to the upper end of the ram shaft 18 protruding upward so as to substantially uniformly abut each end face of the entire cylindrical roller 22 held inside the outer ring 21 of the roller bearing 20 housed in the shaft box 1. ing. Further, a guide member 24 is provided at the upper end of the pressing member 23 to be inserted inside the cylindrical roller 22 arranged in an annular shape. The guide member 24 regulates the moving direction of the pressing member 23, and the hydraulic ram. The pressing force applied to each cylindrical roller 22 during the work of 19 is made substantially equal.

The lower portion of the hydraulic ram 19 penetrates the work vehicle 11 and projects to the lower surface, and an electric hydraulic pump 26 is connected to the lower ram chamber via a pipe 25 such as a rubber hose. 27 is a pressure gauge of the hydraulic pump 26, and 28 is a hydraulic tank connected to the hydraulic pump 26. In addition, 29
Is a control device for driving and controlling the hydraulic pump 26 and the hydraulic ram 19, and 30 is a switch panel of the control device 29.

The carrying jig 31 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 (a), (b) is a cylindrical jig body 32 and a hanging metal fitting rotatably provided at the center of the upper portion of the jig body 32. 33 and a claw opening / closing mechanism 35 having a plurality of locking claws 34 pivotably arranged below the jig body 32. An upper surface plate 36 is provided on the upper end portion of the jig body 32, and the shaft portion of the hanging metal fitting 33 penetrates in the vertical direction at the center of the upper surface plate 36. The claw opening / closing mechanism 35 penetrates through the bearing portions 37 provided at equal intervals in the jig body 32, has the locking claw 34 at the lower end, and fixes the outer end of the arm 38 at the upper end, respectively. 39, a rotary plate 40 that is rotatably fitted to the hanging metal fitting 33, and slidably fits the inner ends of the arms 38, and a handle 41 whose base is fixed near the center of the rotary plate 40. Is equipped with. Then, when the handle 41 is rotated to rotate the rotary plate 40 integrated with the handle 41, the fitting hole provided in the rotary plate 40 is rotationally displaced, and each arm 38 is rotated.
Angle changes. Therefore, an angle change of the same magnitude occurs in the locking claws 34 due to the angle change of the arm 38, and as a result, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the amount of protrusion of each locking claw 34 inward is increased. Change.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the axle box 1 and the roller bearing 20 mounted on the wheel axle 42. The axle box 1 is the same as the conventional one, and includes an axle box body 43 having a cylindrical shape and a front lid 45 that closes the front end of an insertion hole 44 provided in the axle box body 43. The outer ring 21 of the roller bearing 20 is a shaft box body 43.
The inner ring 46 is pinched by the wheel shaft 42 and the tightening nut 48 via a plurality of collars 47. In addition, the mounting plate 16 and the stopper 17 described above.
And form a shaft box fixing mechanism, and the hydraulic ram 19, the pressing member 23, and the guide member 24 form an pushing mechanism.

Next, the operation will be described. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the inspection process and working time of the roller bearing according to the present embodiment. First, the rotation stopper, the front lid 45, and the like are removed (reference A, required time 5 minutes). Next, from the wheel axle 42 to the axle box 1
Then, the cylindrical roller 22 and the outer ring 21 are removed (reference B, required time 5 minutes). This is done using the crane after removing the tightening nut 48 and the collar 47. Then, the inner ring 46 is pulled out from the wheel shaft 42 (reference C, time required 10).
Minutes). This is done by warming the inner ring 46 with an induction heating device and expanding its diameter. After that, the cylindrical roller 22 and the like are extracted from the shaft box 1 by using the roller bearing extracting device according to the present embodiment (reference D, required time 5 minutes).

Extraction work of the cylindrical roller 22 and the like according to this embodiment is performed as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to 7 (d). First, as shown in FIG. 6A, the axle box 1 extracted from the wheel axle 42 is lifted by the carrying jig 31 hung by the crane 9 with the side to which the front lid 45 is attached facing up, and fixed to the axle box. Transport above the mechanism. Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, the crane 9 is lowered to the inside of the insertion hole 44 of the axle box 1,
The pressing member 23 attached to the tip of the ram shaft 18 of the hydraulic ram 19.
And, while inserting the guide member 24, the shaft box 1 is placed on the mounting plate 1
Place on 6. Then, the axle box 1 is rotated, the protrusion 1a provided at one end thereof is engaged with the claw portion 17a of the stopper 17 provided outside the mounting plate 16, and the axle box 1 is fixed by the axle box fixing mechanism. .

Next, as shown in FIG. 7 (C), the control device 29 is driven by operating the switch board 30 to operate the pushing mechanism, and the pushing mechanism is introduced into the hydraulic ram 19 of the hydraulic pump 26, and is passed through the ram shaft 18. The pressing member 23 is raised. As a result, the pressing member 23 comes into contact with the end surface of the cylindrical roller 22 of the roller bearing 20, pushes up the outer ring 21 and the cylindrical roller 22 against the frictional force between the insertion hole 44 and the outer ring 21, and the insertion hole concerned. Four
The outer ring 21 and the like can be pushed out from the position 4. in this case,
The axle box 1 is placed vertically on the mounting plate 16, and the pressing member 23
Since an even pressure can be applied to the entire cylindrical roller 22, the outer ring 21 and the like can be easily pulled out, and there is no risk of damaging the cylindrical roller 22 and the cage.
At this time, the locking claw 34 of the carrying jig 31 is opened to the outside by the operation of the handle 41, and the locking of the axle box 1 is released.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3D, the handle 41 of the carrying jig 31 is operated in the opposite direction to move the locking claw 34.
Is closed to the inside and swung below the outer ring 21. And
By contracting the hydraulic ram 19 and lowering the pressing member 23, the outer ring 21 and the like are supported from below by the locking claws 34 of the carrying jig 31. Therefore, the crane 9
By moving the transport jig 31 by operating the
The outer ring 21 and the cylindrical roller 22 extracted from the can be transported to a desired place.

The outer ring 21 and the like thus extracted are
As indicated by reference sign E in FIG. 5, after the attached grease is washed and dropped, a predetermined inspection such as dimension measurement of each part is performed (time required: 48 minutes). When a predetermined inspection is passed, grease is applied to the inside of the outer ring 21 to accommodate a predetermined number of cylindrical rollers 22, and the outer ring 21 is press-fitted into the axle box 1 using a press fitting device (reference F, required). 3 minutes). Next, the inner ring 46 is warmed by an induction heating device and attached to the wheel shaft 42 (reference G, required time 10 minutes), and the axle box 1 transported by the crane 9 is inserted into the wheel shaft 42 (reference H, required time 5 minutes). After that, by stopping the rotation of the shaft box 1 and attaching the front lid 45 and the like (reference numeral I, required time 10 minutes), the inspection and repair work of the roller bearing 20 is completed.

By the way, from the shaft box 1 to the outer ring 21 and the cylindrical roller 22.
The work time for removing the shavings was as long as 15 minutes in the conventional method.
It was possible to finish in 5 minutes of 3, and the working time could be shortened by 10 minutes. Moreover, since there is no need for a person to carry it around by hand and the conventional two-person work can now be performed by one person, not only the workability can be greatly improved, but also the safety can be improved.

In the above embodiment, the case where the cylindrical roller 22 is used as the roller bearing 20 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a roller bearing using a conical roller. You can Further, although an example in which a hydraulic ram is applied as a prime mover of the pushing mechanism has been described, it goes without saying that various prime movers such as a mechanism for driving a rack and pinion with a motor and a chain transmission mechanism can be used.

[0022]

As described above, since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

That is, according to the roller bearing extracting device of the first aspect, the shaft box is placed vertically on the mounting plate and fixed by the shaft box fixing mechanism, and the pushing member is raised by the operation of the pushing mechanism to raise the roller bearing. Since it is extruded, not only the centering work of the shaft box and the extruding mechanism can be performed easily and in a short time, but also the pressing force of the pressing member can be made to act uniformly on the entire roller. The outer ring, rollers, etc. can be easily removed without damaging the cage.

Further, according to the roller bearing extracting device of the second aspect, since the axle box fixing mechanism and the pushing mechanism are arranged on the movable work vehicle, the extracting device can be freely moved, and the crane can be moved. It is possible to perform the roller bearing withdrawal work not only in a limited specific position such as the setting place of, but also in any place. Therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of this type of work, facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the extraction device, and improve the environment of the work place.

Further, according to the roller bearing extracting device of the third aspect, since the carrying jig for carrying the shaft box and the like is provided, it is possible to eliminate the inconvenience of having to manually carry the roller bearing and the like by a person. it can. Moreover, because one person can work,
The work time can be shortened and the labor can be greatly saved, and the work safety can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing an example of a carrying jig according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2 for explaining the action of the locking claws in the carrying jig.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an axle box and a roller bearing mounted on a wheel axle.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram for explaining a process of removing the axle box or the like from the wheel axle, re-attaching the axle box or the like to the wheel axle after inspection.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a shaft box installation work for the roller bearing extracting device.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an operation of extracting the roller bearing from the shaft box in the roller bearing extracting device.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a shaft box installation work in a conventional roller bearing extracting device.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an operation of extracting the roller bearing from the shaft box in the roller bearing extracting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Axle box 22 ... Cylindrical roller 11 ... Work vehicle 23 ... Pressing member (pushing mechanism) 12 ... Small wheel (wheel) 24 ... Guide member (pushing mechanism) 13 ...・ Caster wheel (wheel) 26 ・ ・ ・ Hydraulic pump 16 ・ ・ ・ Mounting plate (axle box fixing mechanism) 31 ・ ・ ・ Transport jig 17 ・ ・ ・ Stopper (axle box fixing mechanism) 34 ・ ・ ・ Locking claw 19 ... Hydraulic ram (extrusion mechanism) 35 ... Claw opening / closing mechanism 20 ... Roller bearing 42 ... Wheel axle 21 ... Outer ring 44 ... Insertion hole

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A shaft box fixing mechanism capable of detachably fixing a shaft box holding at least an outer ring for holding a roller of a roller bearing in an insertion hole so that the roller box can be inserted and removed. And a pressing member that is vertically inserted into the insertion hole of the shaft box fixed by the shaft box fixing mechanism, and when the pressing member presses the roller bearing by the pressing member, A roller bearing extracting device, comprising: an extruding mechanism for extruding from an insertion hole. 2. A movable work vehicle having wheels, and an axle box installed on the work vehicle and having at least an outer ring holding a roller of a roller bearing removably inserted into an insertion hole. An axle box fixing mechanism capable of detachably fixing the attachment hole in the vertical direction, and a pressing member which is vertically insertable into the insertion hole of the axle box fixed by the axle box fixing mechanism, and A roller bearing extracting device, comprising: a push-out mechanism that pushes the roller bearing by the pressing member and pushes the roller bearing out of the insertion hole when the roller bearing rises. 3. A movable work vehicle having wheels, and an axle box installed on the work vehicle and having at least an outer ring for holding a roller of a roller bearing removably inserted into an insertion hole. An axle box fixing mechanism capable of detachably fixing the attachment hole in the vertical direction, and a pressing member which is vertically insertable into the insertion hole of the axle box fixed by the axle box fixing mechanism, and An extruding mechanism that presses the roller bearing by the pressing member when ascending to push the roller bearing out of the insertion hole, and a carrying jig that is hung by a crane and can freely and detachably support the axle box and the roller bearing. A roller bearing extracting device characterized by being equipped with.