JPH0757531B2 - Three-dimensional shape forming method - Google Patents
Three-dimensional shape forming methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0757531B2 JPH0757531B2 JP63248559A JP24855988A JPH0757531B2 JP H0757531 B2 JPH0757531 B2 JP H0757531B2 JP 63248559 A JP63248559 A JP 63248559A JP 24855988 A JP24855988 A JP 24855988A JP H0757531 B2 JPH0757531 B2 JP H0757531B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- photo
- dimensional shape
- layer
- photocurable
- thickness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
- B29C64/129—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
- B29C64/135—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask the energy source being concentrated, e.g. scanning lasers or focused light sources
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は、三次元形状の形成方法に関し、光の照射に
よって硬化する光硬化性樹脂を用いて、立体的な三次元
形状を有する物品を成形製造する方法に関するものであ
る。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for forming a three-dimensional shape, and an article having a three-dimensional shape using a photocurable resin that is cured by irradiation with light. The present invention relates to a method for molding and manufacturing.
光硬化性樹脂を用いて三次元形状を形成する方法は、複
雑な三次元形状を、成形型や特別な加工工具を用いるこ
となく、簡単かつ正確に形成することができる方法とし
て、各種の製品モデルや立体模型の製造等に利用するこ
とが考えられており、例えば、特開昭62−35966号公
報，特開昭61−114817号公報等に開示されている。The method of forming a three-dimensional shape using a photo-curable resin is a variety of products that can be used to easily and accurately form a complicated three-dimensional shape without using a mold or a special processing tool. It is considered to be used for manufacturing a model or a three-dimensional model, and is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-62-35966 and JP-A-61-114817.
第２図および第３図は、従来の一般的な、光硬化性樹脂
を用いた三次元形状の形成方法の一例を示しており、樹
脂液槽１に貯えられた液状の光硬化性樹脂２に対して、
液面上方からレーザービーム等の光ビーム３を照射する
ことによって、液面から一定の深さまでの光硬化性樹脂
２を硬化させ、光ビーム３の照射位置を順次移動させる
ことによって、所定のパターンを有する光硬化層40を形
成する。この光硬化層40を適宜の成形台５に載せた状態
で液面下方に沈めると、光硬化層40の表面に新たな光硬
化性樹脂液２が供給されることになるため、この光硬化
性樹脂液２を再び光ビーム３で所定のパターン状に硬化
させれば、前記光硬化層40の上に別のパターンを有する
光硬化層40が形成される。このようにして、複数層の光
硬化層40…を順次積み重ねていけば、所望の三次元形状
を有する成形品４が形成できる。図示した方法では、光
ビーム３をレンズ30で収束して、液面付近で焦点を結ぶ
ようにしており、この焦点位置近傍に強い光エネルギー
が与えられるので、液面直下の一定厚みの光硬化性樹脂
２のみを効率良く硬化できるようになっている。光硬化
層40を載せた成形台５は、昇降アーム50に支持されて上
下に昇降する。光硬化層40の厚みは、光ビーム３の強さ
や焦点位置の設定、あるいは、昇降アーム50による成形
台５の昇降量等によって決定される。FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show an example of a conventional general method for forming a three-dimensional shape using a photo-curable resin, which is a liquid photo-curable resin 2 stored in a resin liquid tank 1. Against
By irradiating a light beam 3 such as a laser beam from above the liquid surface, the photo-curable resin 2 is cured to a certain depth from the liquid surface, and the irradiation position of the light beam 3 is sequentially moved to obtain a predetermined pattern. Forming a photocurable layer 40 having When the photo-curable layer 40 is placed on an appropriate molding table 5 and is sunk below the liquid surface, new photo-curable resin liquid 2 is supplied to the surface of the photo-curable layer 40. When the volatile resin liquid 2 is cured again with the light beam 3 in a predetermined pattern, the photocurable layer 40 having another pattern is formed on the photocurable layer 40. In this way, by sequentially stacking a plurality of photo-curing layers 40, the molded product 4 having a desired three-dimensional shape can be formed. In the illustrated method, the light beam 3 is converged by the lens 30 and focused at the vicinity of the liquid surface, and strong optical energy is given near the focus position. Only the resin 2 can be efficiently cured. The molding table 5 on which the photo-curing layer 40 is placed is supported by a lifting arm 50 and moves up and down. The thickness of the photo-curing layer 40 is determined by the intensity of the light beam 3, the setting of the focus position, the amount of elevation of the molding table 5 by the elevation arm 50, and the like.
上記のような、従来の三次元形状の形成方法では、一定
の厚みを有する光硬化層を積み重ねて三次元形状の成形
品を得るため、成形品の外表面に、各光硬化層毎の段差
が生じるという問題があった。In the conventional method for forming a three-dimensional shape as described above, in order to obtain a three-dimensional shaped molded product by stacking photo-cured layers having a certain thickness, a step for each photo-cured layer is formed on the outer surface of the molded product. There was a problem that.
第３図は、従来の三次元形状の形成方法で形成された成
形品４の断面構造を示しており、二点鎖線で示す滑らか
な傾斜面を有する三次元形状４′を形成しようとして
も、各光硬化層40はいずれも一定の厚みを有する板状で
あるので、各光硬化層40毎に段階状の段差ができてしま
い、実際に形成された成形品４の外表面側方部分は滑ら
かにならない。FIG. 3 shows a sectional structure of a molded product 4 formed by a conventional three-dimensional shape forming method. Even if an attempt is made to form a three-dimensional shape 4 ′ having a smooth inclined surface indicated by a two-dot chain line, Since each of the photo-curing layers 40 is a plate having a constant thickness, a step-like step is formed for each photo-curing layer 40, and the outer surface side portion of the actually formed molded product 4 is It does not become smooth.
個々の光硬化層40の厚みを薄くすれば、段階状の段差が
小さくなって目立たなくなり、実用上十分な滑らかさを
得ることが可能であるが、光硬化層40の厚みを薄くする
程、成形品４を形成するのに必要な光硬化層40の積層数
が増える。一層の光硬化層40を形成するには、厚みが薄
くても、一定時間の光ビーム３の移動照射およびその後
の成形台５の下降動作が必要であるから、光硬化層40の
積層数が増えると、成形品全体を形成するための成形時
間が多くかかり、成形能率が低下してしまう。If the thickness of each photocurable layer 40 is reduced, the step difference becomes smaller and less noticeable, and it is possible to obtain smoothness practically sufficient. The number of photocurable layers 40 required to form the molded product 4 increases. Even if the thickness is thin, in order to form one layer of the photo-curing layer 40, it is necessary to move and irradiate the light beam 3 for a certain period of time and then the lowering operation of the molding table 5 is performed. If the number increases, the molding time for forming the entire molded product will increase, and the molding efficiency will decrease.
そこで、この発明の課題は、上記したように、複数層の
光硬化層を積み重ねて三次元形状を形成する方法におい
て、成形品の外表面側方部分を滑らかにできると同時
に、成形時間すなわち成形能率を低下させることのない
三次元形状の形成方法を提供することにある。Therefore, as described above, an object of the present invention is to form a three-dimensional shape by stacking a plurality of photo-cured layers, and at the same time, it is possible to smooth the outer surface side portion of the molded product, and at the same time molding time, that is, molding. It is to provide a method for forming a three-dimensional shape without lowering the efficiency.
上記課題を解決する、この発明の方法は、光硬化性樹脂
に光を照射して光硬化層を形成し、この光硬化層を複数
層積み重ねて、所望の三次元形状を形成する方法におい
て、三次元形状の外表面側方部分を、それより内方の部
分と別個に、内方部分よりも薄い光硬化層を積み重ねて
形成するようにしている。To solve the above problems, the method of the present invention is to form a photocurable layer by irradiating the photocurable resin with light, and stacking the photocurable layers in a plurality of layers to form a desired three-dimensional shape. The outer surface side portion of the three-dimensional shape is formed separately from the inner portion thereof by stacking photocurable layers thinner than the inner portion.
成形品の三次元形状を、外表面側方部分とそれより内方
の部分とに分け、内方部分は成形能率等を考慮した通常
の厚みからなる光硬化層を積み重ねて形成するととも
に、外表面側方部分のみは、十分な滑らかさを得られる
ように、内方部分よりも薄い光硬化層を積み重ねて形成
すると、外表面の滑らかさと良好な成形能率の何れにも
優れた成形方法となる。The three-dimensional shape of the molded product is divided into a part on the outer surface side and a part on the inner side, and the inner part is formed by stacking photocurable layers of normal thickness in consideration of molding efficiency, etc. If only the photocurable layers that are thinner than the inner part are stacked so that sufficient smoothness is obtained only on the side parts of the surface, a molding method that is excellent in both the smoothness of the outer surface and good molding efficiency can be obtained. Become.
ついで、この発明を、実施例を示す図面を参照しなが
ら、以下に詳しく説明する。なお、基本的な形成方法お
よび形成装置は、前記した第２図に示す従来技術と同様
であるので、共通する個所には同じ符号を付けるととも
に、重複する説明は省略する。Next, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings illustrating an embodiment. Since the basic forming method and forming apparatus are the same as those of the prior art shown in FIG. 2 described above, common portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted.
第１図は、前記第３図で示した傾斜面状の外表面形状を
有する成形品と同じものを形成する場合を例示してい
る。まず、第１図（ａ）に示すように、形成しようとす
る三次元形状４′のうち、外表面に相当する部分のみに
光ビーム3aを照射して、外表面側方部分の光硬化層4aを
形成する。この外表面側方部分の光硬化層4aの厚みTa
は、成形品４に要求される外表面の滑らかさに合わせ
て、後述する内方部分の光硬化層4bの厚みTbよりもかな
り薄く形成する。外表面側方部分の光硬化層4aの幅は、
外表面を十分に覆えるとともに、光硬化層4aの自重によ
って三次元形状が崩れたり変形しない程度の保形性を有
していれば、出来るだけ狭いものでよい。FIG. 1 exemplifies a case where the same molded product as that having the inclined outer surface shape shown in FIG. 3 is formed. First, as shown in FIG. 1A, of the three-dimensional shape 4'to be formed, only the portion corresponding to the outer surface is irradiated with the light beam 3a, and the photocurable layer on the side portion of the outer surface is formed. Form 4a. The thickness Ta of the photo-cured layer 4a on the side of the outer surface
In accordance with the required smoothness of the outer surface of the molded product 4, is formed to be considerably thinner than the thickness Tb of the photo-cured layer 4b in the inner portion described later. The width of the photocurable layer 4a on the outer surface side portion is
The shape may be as narrow as possible as long as the outer surface can be sufficiently covered and the shape retention property is such that the three-dimensional shape is not deformed or deformed by the weight of the photo-curing layer 4a.
つぎに、外表面側方部分の光硬化層4aの内側に光ビーム
3aを照射して、内方部分の光硬化層4bを形成する。この
内方部分の光硬化層4bの厚みTbは、成形能率を考慮して
適当な厚みに設定され、前記した外表面側方部分の光硬
化層4bよりも、かなり分厚くなっている。Next, a light beam is applied to the inside of the photo-curing layer 4a on the outer surface side portion.
Irradiation with 3a forms the photo-cured layer 4b in the inner portion. The thickness Tb of the photo-cured layer 4b in the inner portion is set to an appropriate thickness in consideration of the molding efficiency, and is considerably thicker than the photo-cured layer 4b in the lateral portion on the outer surface side.
内方部分の光硬化層4bの厚みTbと、外表面側方部分の光
硬化層4aの厚みTaは、外表面の滑らかさと成形能率とを
考慮して自由に設定できる。例えば、TaをTbの４分の１
に設定すれば、全ての光硬化層をTbの厚みに形成するの
に比べて、４倍の滑らかさを有する外表面が得られる。The thickness Tb of the photo-cured layer 4b on the inner side and the thickness Ta of the photo-cured layer 4a on the side of the outer surface can be freely set in consideration of the smoothness of the outer surface and the molding efficiency. For example, Ta is 1/4 of Tb
When set to, an outer surface having a smoothness four times that of the case where all photo-cured layers are formed to the thickness of Tb can be obtained.
外表面側方部分の光硬化層4aに照射する光ビーム3aと、
内方部分の光硬化層4bに照射する光ビーム3bとは、全く
同じ照射条件でもよいが、外表面側方部分の光硬化層4a
は、厚みが薄くて幅が狭いので、そのような条件に適し
た照射条件で実施すればより好ましい。例えば、硬化さ
せる液面でのビーム集光径を、内方部分を硬化させると
きの集光径Dbよりも外表面側方部分を硬化させるときの
集光径Daのほうが小さくなるように設定しておけば、ビ
ーム集光径が小さい程、照射される光エネルギーが強く
なるので、外表面側方部分の光硬化層4aを硬化させると
きに、光ビーム3aの照射移動を高速で行っても、光硬化
性樹脂２の光硬化しきい値エネルギー以上に強力な光エ
ネルギーを照射することができ、成形能率の向上を図る
ことができる。A light beam 3a for irradiating the photocurable layer 4a on the outer surface side portion,
The light beam 3b for irradiating the photo-cured layer 4b in the inner portion may have exactly the same irradiation conditions, but the photo-cured layer 4a in the outer surface side portion
Since the thickness is thin and the width is narrow, it is more preferable to carry out under irradiation conditions suitable for such conditions. For example, the beam converging diameter at the liquid surface to be cured is set so that the condensing diameter Da when curing the outer surface side portion is smaller than the condensing diameter Db when curing the inner portion. If this is done, the smaller the beam converging diameter, the stronger the light energy that is irradiated, so even when the irradiation movement of the light beam 3a is performed at high speed when curing the photocurable layer 4a on the outer surface side portion. Further, it is possible to irradiate light energy stronger than the photocuring threshold energy of the photocurable resin 2 and improve the molding efficiency.
以上に説明した、この発明にかかる三次元形状の形成方
法によれば、外表面側方部分の光硬化層の厚みを、内方
部分の光硬化層の厚みよりも薄くなるようにすることに
よって、光硬化層の積み重ねによって生じる外表面側方
の段差を小さくすることができ、外観品質の優れた三次
元形状を形成することができる。しかも、光硬化層を薄
く形成するのは、三次元形状全体からみればわずかな外
表面側方部分だけであって、外表面側方部分以外の、三
次元形状の大部分を占める内方部分の光硬化層について
は、成形能率等を考慮した通常の厚みで形成すればよい
ので、成形品全体の光硬化層を薄くするのに比べ、はる
かに成形能率が高い。したがって、この発明によれば、
外表面側方の滑らかさと成形能率の何れにも優れた三次
元形状の形成方法を提供することができる。According to the method for forming a three-dimensional shape according to the present invention described above, the thickness of the photo-cured layer on the outer surface side portion is made smaller than the thickness of the photo-cured layer on the inner portion. Further, it is possible to reduce a step on the side of the outer surface caused by stacking the photocurable layers, and to form a three-dimensional shape having excellent appearance quality. Moreover, the thin photo-curing layer is formed only on a small portion of the outer surface when viewed from the entire three-dimensional shape, and on the inner portion occupying most of the three-dimensional shape other than the outer surface side portion. The photocurable layer may be formed to have a normal thickness in consideration of molding efficiency and the like, so that the molding efficiency is far higher than that of the case where the thickness of the photocured layer of the entire molded product is reduced. Therefore, according to the present invention,
It is possible to provide a method for forming a three-dimensional shape which is excellent in both smoothness on the outer surface side and molding efficiency.
第１図（ａ），（ｂ）はこの発明の実施例を段階的に示
す工程図、第２図は光硬化性樹脂による一般的な三次元
形状の形成方法の概略を示す模式図、第３図は従来方法
を示す要部拡大断面図である。 ２……光硬化性樹脂液、4a……外表面側方部分の光硬化
層、4b……内方部分の光硬化層、４……成形品1 (a) and 1 (b) are process diagrams showing the embodiment of the present invention stepwise, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of a general method for forming a three-dimensional shape with a photocurable resin. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a conventional method. 2 ... Photocurable resin liquid, 4a ... Photocured layer on the outer surface side part, 4b ... Photocured layer on the inner part, 4 ... Molded product
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｃ０８Ｆ 2/46 ＭＤＨ Ｂ２９Ｋ 105:24 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification number Office reference number FI technical display location C08F 2/46 MDH B29K 105: 24
Claims (1)
成し、この光硬化層を複数層積み重ねて、所望の三次元
形状を形成する方法において、三次元形状の外表面側方
部分を、それより内方の部分と別個に、内方部分よりも
薄い光硬化層を積み重ねて形成するようにすることを特
徴とする三次元形状の形成方法。1. A method for forming a photocurable layer by irradiating a photocurable resin with light to form a photocurable layer, and stacking a plurality of the photocurable layers to form a desired three-dimensional shape. A method for forming a three-dimensional shape, characterized in that the inner portion is formed separately from the inner portion by stacking photocurable layers thinner than the inner portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63248559A JPH0757531B2 (en) | 1988-10-01 | 1988-10-01 | Three-dimensional shape forming method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63248559A JPH0757531B2 (en) | 1988-10-01 | 1988-10-01 | Three-dimensional shape forming method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0295830A JPH0295830A (en) | 1990-04-06 |
| JPH0757531B2 true JPH0757531B2 (en) | 1995-06-21 |
Family
ID=17179958
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63248559A Expired - Lifetime JPH0757531B2 (en) | 1988-10-01 | 1988-10-01 | Three-dimensional shape forming method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0757531B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0624773B2 (en) * | 1989-07-07 | 1994-04-06 | 三井造船株式会社 | Optical modeling method |
| US5198159A (en) * | 1990-10-09 | 1993-03-30 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Process of fabricating three-dimensional objects from a light curable resin liquid |
| US5597520A (en) * | 1990-10-30 | 1997-01-28 | Smalley; Dennis R. | Simultaneous multiple layer curing in stereolithography |
| US5999184A (en) * | 1990-10-30 | 1999-12-07 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Simultaneous multiple layer curing in stereolithography |
| JP3325267B2 (en) * | 1990-10-30 | 2002-09-17 | ３ディー・システムズ、インコーポレイテッド | Method and apparatus for forming a three-dimensional object |
| JPH0745195B2 (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1995-05-17 | 三菱商事株式会社 | High-precision photo-solidification modeling device |
| JP3170832B2 (en) * | 1991-12-26 | 2001-05-28 | ソニー株式会社 | Optical molding method |
| DE4309524C2 (en) * | 1993-03-24 | 1998-05-20 | Eos Electro Optical Syst | Method of making a three-dimensional object |
| EP0758952B1 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1998-04-08 | EOS GmbH ELECTRO OPTICAL SYSTEMS | Process and device for manufacturing three-dimensional objects |
| JP3558095B2 (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 2004-08-25 | Ｊｓｒ株式会社 | Stereolithography |
| JP3458593B2 (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 2003-10-20 | 松下電工株式会社 | Method for forming a three-dimensional shape |
| JPH10138349A (en) * | 1996-11-11 | 1998-05-26 | Meiko:Kk | Method for laminating stereo lithography |
| US6001297A (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 1999-12-14 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method for controlling exposure of a solidfiable medium using a pulsed radiation source in building a three-dimensional object using stereolithography |
| US5902538A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-05-11 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Simplified stereolithographic object formation methods of overcoming minimum recoating depth limitations |
| US6574523B1 (en) | 2000-05-05 | 2003-06-03 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Selective control of mechanical properties in stereolithographic build style configuration |
| US6649113B1 (en) | 2000-08-11 | 2003-11-18 | Chris R. Manners | Method to reduce differential shrinkage in three-dimensional stereolithographic objects |
| DE10157647C5 (en) * | 2001-11-26 | 2012-03-08 | Cl Schutzrechtsverwaltungs Gmbh | Method for producing three-dimensional workpieces in a laser material processing system or a stereolithography system |
| DE10245617A1 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-08 | Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems | Device and method for producing three-dimensional objects in layers |
| US7625512B2 (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2009-12-01 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Method and a system for producing an object using solid freeform fabrication |
| EP3578343B1 (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2021-05-19 | CL Schutzrechtsverwaltungs GmbH | Method for additively manufacturing at least one three-dimensional object |
-
1988
- 1988-10-01 JP JP63248559A patent/JPH0757531B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0295830A (en) | 1990-04-06 |
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