JPH0755386B2 - Laser processing method - Google Patents
Laser processing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0755386B2 JPH0755386B2 JP61260893A JP26089386A JPH0755386B2 JP H0755386 B2 JPH0755386 B2 JP H0755386B2 JP 61260893 A JP61260893 A JP 61260893A JP 26089386 A JP26089386 A JP 26089386A JP H0755386 B2 JPH0755386 B2 JP H0755386B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- processing
- plasma
- laser processing
- welding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、融点が母材より低く且つレーザ照射によりプ
ラズマ化し得るプラズマ発生物質が表面に施されてなる
加工材料に対してレーザ加工を行うレーザ加工方法に関
するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) In the present invention, laser processing is performed on a processing material having a melting point lower than that of a base material and a plasma-generating substance capable of being converted into plasma by laser irradiation on the surface The present invention relates to a laser processing method.
（従来技術） 近年、レーザビーム等の高密度エネルギー源を用いた薄
板軟鋼板の溶接が下記の如き利点により将来性に富んだ
技術として注目されてきている。(Prior Art) In recent years, welding of a thin mild steel sheet using a high-density energy source such as a laser beam has been attracting attention as a technology with great potential due to the following advantages.
（１） 熱影響が従来の溶接法（例えば、アーク溶接
等）に比べて格段の少ない点。(1) The effect of heat is much less than that of conventional welding methods (for example, arc welding).
（２） 従来の溶接法に比べビード幅が狭いので、溶接
重ね合わせ代が少なくなり、材料の歩留りが良い点。(2) Since the bead width is narrower than the conventional welding method, the welding overlap margin is reduced and the material yield is good.
（３） 連続溶接法なので、スポット溶接などの非連続
溶接に比べて、剛性アップが狙える点。(3) Since it is a continuous welding method, it is possible to increase the rigidity compared to discontinuous welding such as spot welding.
しかしながら、実際に溶接する材料としては、亜鉛メッ
キ鋼板等のように表面にメッキを施された材料が多用さ
れていることから、次のような問題点が生じていた。However, as a material to be actually welded, since a material having a plated surface such as a galvanized steel sheet is often used, the following problems occur.
即ち、レーザ加工を施す材料の表面に、メッキ等のよう
な母材より融点が低く且つレーザ照射によりプラズマ化
し得るプラズマ発生物質が施されていると、レーザ照射
時に発生するプラズマによりレーザ光が吸収されて加工
部分まで到達しにくくなり、浅い溶け込みや溶接不良な
どの原因となる。That is, if the surface of the material to be laser-processed has a plasma-generating substance that has a lower melting point than the base material, such as plating, and that can be turned into plasma by laser irradiation, the laser light is absorbed by the plasma generated during laser irradiation. As a result, it becomes difficult to reach the processed part, which causes shallow penetration and poor welding.
上記問題点は、レーザ加工方法における前記利点を減殺
するに足るものであり、該問題点の解決は、レーザ加工
における重要な課題とされてきており、従来から種々の
提案がなされている。The above problems are sufficient to diminish the above advantages of the laser processing method, and the solution of the problems has been regarded as an important issue in laser processing, and various proposals have been made in the past.
例えば、重ね合わせ継手溶接においてレーザ照射部位に
ガスの逃げを設ける方法（特開昭57−72787号公報参
照）、発生プラズマ量を検出し溶接ワイヤの送給を制御
する方法（特開昭59−133986号公報参照）あるいはレー
ザ照射部位に発生するプラズマガスを吸引ノズルにより
吸引する方法（特開昭58−61991号公報参照）等が既に
提案されている。For example, in lap joint welding, a method of providing a gas escape at the laser irradiation site (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-72787), a method of detecting the amount of generated plasma and controlling the feeding of the welding wire (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59- 133986) or a method of sucking plasma gas generated at a laser irradiation site with a suction nozzle (see JP-A-58-61991) and the like have already been proposed.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点） 上記各公知例の場合、付加的な設備（例えば、ガス抜き
手段、溶接ワイヤ送給制御手段あるいは吸引ノズル等）
や構造的な制約を受けるという難点があり、最良の方法
とは言えない。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the case of the above-mentioned publicly known examples, additional equipment (for example, gas venting means, welding wire feeding control means, suction nozzle, etc.)
However, it is not the best method because it is difficult to be structurally restricted.
本発明は、上記の点に鑑みてなされたものであり、一切
の付加的設備を設けることなく、しかも構造的制約も受
けることなく、極めて簡単な手法によりレーザ加工時に
おけるプラズマの影響をなくすることを目的とするもの
である。The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and eliminates the influence of plasma at the time of laser processing by a very simple method without providing any additional equipment and without receiving structural restrictions. That is the purpose.
（問題点を解決するための手段） 本発明方法では、上記問題点を解決するための手段とし
て、融点が母材より低く且つレーザ照射によりプラズマ
化し得るプラズマ発生物質が表面に施されてなる加工材
料に対してレーザ加工を行うに当たって、該加工材料の
レーザ加工部位を、出力を下げた状態のレーザで予め走
査して表面のプラズマ発生物質を焼却除去する予備加工
工程と、前記レーザ加工部位を前記と同一のレーザで出
力を上げて走査して所望のレーザ加工を行う本加工工程
とを順次実施するようにしている。(Means for Solving the Problems) In the method of the present invention, as a means for solving the above problems, a process in which a plasma-generating substance having a melting point lower than that of the base material and capable of being turned into plasma by laser irradiation is applied to the surface. When performing laser processing on a material, a laser processing portion of the processing material is preliminarily scanned with a laser in a state where the output is lowered to incinerate and remove plasma generating substances on the surface, and the laser processing portion The main processing step of performing the desired laser processing by increasing the output with the same laser and scanning is sequentially performed.
（作 用） 本発明方法では、上記手段によって次のような作用が得
られる。(Operation) In the method of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained by the above means.
即ち、レーザ照射による本加工工程を実施するに先立っ
て、加工材料のレーザ加工部位を、出力を下げた状態の
レーザで予め走査する予備加工工程を施すことにより、
レーザ加工部位表面のプラズマ発生物質が焼却除去さ
れ、本加工工程におけるレーザ照射時のプラズマ発生が
大幅に低減されることとなるのである。従って、プラズ
マ発生による悪影響を受けることなく、適性なレーザ加
工が行えることとなるのである。That is, prior to carrying out the main processing step by laser irradiation, the laser processing part of the processing material is subjected to a pre-processing step of pre-scanning with a laser with a reduced output,
The plasma-generated substances on the surface of the laser processing site are incinerated and removed, and the plasma generation during laser irradiation in the main processing step is greatly reduced. Therefore, appropriate laser processing can be performed without being adversely affected by plasma generation.
（実施例） 以下、添付の図面を参照して本発明のレーザ加工方法を
実施例に基づいて説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, the laser processing method of this invention is demonstrated based on an Example with reference to an accompanying drawing.
本実施例では、亜鉛メッキ鋼板を重ね合わせ溶接する場
合におけるレーザ加工方法について説明している。In this embodiment, a laser processing method in the case of superposing and welding galvanized steel sheets is described.
本実施例にかかるレーザ加工方法は、以下に詳述するよ
うに予備加工工程と本加工工程とからなっている。The laser processing method according to this embodiment includes a preliminary processing step and a main processing step, as will be described in detail below.
予備加工工程においては、第１図図示の如く、亜鉛メッ
キ鋼板1,2のそれぞれの端部1a,,2aが重ね合わされた溶
接部位（即ち、レーザ加工部位）３上方にレーザビーム
ヘッド４をセットして、該溶接部位３に対して通常のレ
ーザ加工時より低い出力のレーザ光による走査が行なわ
れる。この時のレーザ走査条件は、出力;1KW、走査速
度;2m/min、焦点位置（Def）；＋11.5であった。この予
備加工工程においては、上記レーザ光の照射により亜鉛
メッキ鋼板１表面の亜鉛メッキ（即ち、プラズマ発生物
質）が焼却除去され、溶接部位３に母材である鋼板が露
出せしめられたメッキ除去部３′が形成されることとな
る。In the pre-processing step, as shown in FIG. 1, the laser beam head 4 is set above the welding site (that is, laser processing site) 3 where the ends 1a, 2a of the galvanized steel sheets 1 and 2 are overlapped. Then, the welding portion 3 is scanned with a laser beam having a lower output than that during normal laser processing. The laser scanning conditions at this time were output: 1 KW, scanning speed: 2 m / min, focus position (Def): +11.5. In this preliminary processing step, the zinc plating (that is, the plasma-generating substance) on the surface of the galvanized steel sheet 1 is incinerated and removed by the irradiation of the laser light, and the steel sheet which is the base material is exposed at the welded portion 3 to remove the plating. 3'will be formed.
このようにして予備加工処理されたメッキ除去部３′に
対して本加工処理が施されるのであるが、この本加工工
程においては、第２図図示の如く、予備加工処理により
形成されたメッキ除去部３′に対して前記と同一のレー
ザビームヘッド４によって前記予備加工工程におけるよ
り高い出力のレーザ光による走査が行なわれる。この時
のレーザ走査条件は、出力;2.5KW、走査速度;1.5m/mi
n、焦点位置（Def）；−1.5であった。かかる本加工工
程においては、予備加工工程において亜鉛メッキ（換言
すれば、プラズマ発生物質）の除去が行なわれているた
め、レーザ光照射によるプラズマ発生が大幅に抑えられ
ることとなり、確実且つ良好な溶接が得られる。The main processing is applied to the plating removal portion 3'preliminarily processed as described above. In this main processing, the plating formed by the preprocessing is performed as shown in FIG. The removal section 3'is scanned by the same laser beam head 4 as described above with a laser beam having a higher output in the preliminary processing step. The laser scanning conditions at this time are: output; 2.5KW, scanning speed; 1.5m / mi
n, focal position (Def); -1.5. In this main processing step, since zinc plating (in other words, plasma generating substance) is removed in the preliminary processing step, plasma generation due to laser light irradiation is greatly suppressed, and reliable and good welding is achieved. Is obtained.
第３図には、従来のレーザ加工方法（点線Ｐ図示）と本
実施例のレーザ加工方法（実線Ｑ図示）におけるプラズ
マの成長度を比較した特性図が示されている。ここで、
t;時間、h;プラズマの高さを示す。これによれば、本実
施例のレーザ加工方法による場合、プラズマの成長度が
従来例に比べて大幅に抑制されていることが分かる。FIG. 3 shows a characteristic diagram comparing the plasma growth rate between the conventional laser processing method (shown by the dotted line P) and the laser processing method of the present embodiment (shown by the solid line Q). here,
t: time, h: plasma height. According to this, it can be seen that in the case of the laser processing method of the present embodiment, the growth degree of plasma is significantly suppressed as compared with the conventional example.
上記実施例においては、予備加工工程と本加工工程と
で、レーザ出力とともに焦点位置を変更するようにして
いるが、レーザ出力のみを変えて焦点位置を変えないよ
うにしてもよい。また、レーザ走査法としては、往路で
予備加工を行い、復路で本加工を行うようにしてもよ
い。In the above embodiment, the focus position is changed along with the laser output in the preliminary processing step and the main processing step, but it is also possible to change only the laser output and not change the focus position. As the laser scanning method, preliminary processing may be performed on the outward path and main processing may be performed on the return path.
本発明方法は、上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、
亜鉛メッキ鋼板以外の加工材料、即ち融点が母材より低
く且つレーザ照射によりプラズマ化し得るプラズマ発生
物質が表面に施されてなる加工材料にも適用可能であ
り、また、重ね合わせ溶接以外の突き合わせ溶接等の諸
加工にも適用できることは勿論である。The method of the present invention is not limited to the above examples,
It is also applicable to processing materials other than galvanized steel sheets, that is, processing materials having a melting point lower than that of the base material and having a plasma-generating substance that can be turned into plasma by laser irradiation on the surface, and butt welding other than lap welding. Of course, it can be applied to various processes such as.
（発明の効果） 叙上の如く、本発明方法によれば、融点が母材より低く
且つレーザ照射によりプラズマ化し得るプラズマ発生物
質が表面に施されてなる加工材料に対してレーザ加工を
行うに当たって、該加工材料のレーザ加工部位を、出力
を下げた状態のレーザで予め走査して表面のプラズマ発
生物質を焼却除去する予備加工工程と、前記レーザ加工
部位を前記と同一のレーザで出力を上げて走査して所望
のレーザ加工を行う本加工工程とを順次実施するように
したので、本加工工程の前にレーザ出力を下げた予備加
工工程を実施するだけで、特別な付加的設備を設けるこ
となく、本加工工程におけるレーザ照射時のプラズマ発
生が大幅に低減されることとなり、プラズマ発生による
悪影響を受けることなく、適性なレーザ加工が行えると
いう優れた効果がある。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the method of the present invention, in performing laser processing on a processing material having a melting point lower than that of the base material and a plasma-generating substance that can be turned into plasma by laser irradiation, is applied to the surface. , A pre-processing step in which the laser-processed portion of the processing material is pre-scanned by a laser with a reduced output to incinerate and remove the plasma-generating substance on the surface, and the laser-processed portion is increased in output with the same laser as described above. Since the main processing step of performing the desired laser processing by scanning by scanning is sequentially performed, a special additional facility can be provided only by performing the preliminary processing step in which the laser output is reduced before the main processing step. Without this, plasma generation during laser irradiation in this processing step is significantly reduced, and it is said that proper laser processing can be performed without being adversely affected by plasma generation. It has an excellent effect.
第１図および第２図は本発明の実施例にかかるレーザ加
工方法における予備加工工程および本加工工程を示す斜
視図、第３図は従来のレーザ加工方法（点線Ｐ図示）と
本実施例のレーザ加工方法（実線Ｑ図示）におけるプラ
ズマの成長度を比較した特性図である。 1,2……加工材料（亜鉛メッキ鋼板） ３……加工部位（溶接部位） ４……レーザビームヘッド1 and 2 are perspective views showing a pre-processing step and a main processing step in a laser processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a conventional laser processing method (shown by a dotted line P) and this embodiment. It is a characteristic diagram which compared the growth degree of the plasma in a laser processing method (solid line Q illustration). 1,2 …… Processing material (galvanized steel sheet) 3 …… Processing part (welding part) 4 …… Laser beam head
Claims (1)
プラズマ化し得るプラズマ発生物質が表面に施されてな
る加工材料に対してレーザ加工を行うに当たって、該加
工材料のレーザ加工部位を、出力を下げた状態のレーザ
で予め走査して表面のプラズマ発生物質を焼却除去する
予備加工工程と、前記レーザ加工部位を前記と同一のレ
ーザで出力を上げて走査して所望のレーザ加工を行う本
加工工程とを順次実施することを特徴とするレーザ加工
方法。1. When performing laser processing on a processing material having a melting point lower than that of a base material and a plasma-generating substance capable of being converted into plasma by laser irradiation on the surface, laser processing is performed to output a laser processing portion of the processing material. Pre-processing step to incinerate and remove plasma generating substances on the surface by scanning with the laser in the lowered state, and main processing to perform desired laser processing by scanning the laser processing part with the same laser as above A laser processing method comprising sequentially performing the steps.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61260893A JPH0755386B2 (en) | 1986-10-30 | 1986-10-30 | Laser processing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61260893A JPH0755386B2 (en) | 1986-10-30 | 1986-10-30 | Laser processing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63112088A JPS63112088A (en) | 1988-05-17 |
| JPH0755386B2 true JPH0755386B2 (en) | 1995-06-14 |
Family
ID=17354215
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61260893A Expired - Lifetime JPH0755386B2 (en) | 1986-10-30 | 1986-10-30 | Laser processing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0755386B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8824213D0 (en) * | 1988-10-15 | 1988-11-23 | Univ Essex | Welding of coated metals |
| JPH04231190A (en) * | 1990-12-28 | 1992-08-20 | Fanuc Ltd | Method and device for laser welding galvanized steel sheet |
| DE19549666B4 (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 2008-01-03 | Mitsubishi Denki K.K. | Cutting and welding coated material with laser beam - using different laser beam conditions during two stage process to remove coating and then work material |
| JP3159593B2 (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 2001-04-23 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Laser processing method and apparatus |
| US5841099A (en) * | 1994-07-18 | 1998-11-24 | Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. | Method employing UV laser pulses of varied energy density to form depthwise self-limiting blind vias in multilayered targets |
| JP4915315B2 (en) * | 2007-08-27 | 2012-04-11 | マツダ株式会社 | Laser welding method and laser welding apparatus |
| KR100956026B1 (en) | 2007-11-22 | 2010-05-06 | 주식회사 성우하이텍 | Laser welding method for galvanized steel sheet |
| JP4620753B2 (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2011-01-26 | 東亜工業株式会社 | Laser welding method for metal plated plate |
-
1986
- 1986-10-30 JP JP61260893A patent/JPH0755386B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63112088A (en) | 1988-05-17 |
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