JPH0753345B2 - Rotor type shot peening machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Object of the Invention (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to a rotor type shot peening apparatus for performing surface treatment of, for example, a metallic material.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, a shot, which is a small metal ball, is projected on the surface of a portion such as a spring or gear used in a vehicle that receives stress concentration to increase the compressive stress and improve the fatigue strength. Shot peening equipment is known. According to this apparatus, a grain boundary oxide layer is formed on the surface of a work that has been carburized and quenched, and the fatigue strength is reduced. However, this layer can be removed by shot projection, and the peening effect is extremely large. .

As such a shot peening apparatus, a mass production type rotor type apparatus is shown in, for example, FIGS. 7 and 8.
In the figure, the shot peening device 101 is a work 103.
It is provided with a large table 105 and a small table 107 for mounting the. The large table 105 is rotatable with respect to the cabinet 109, and the small table 107 is rotatable with respect to the large table 105. Work 103 is a small table 1
The work 103 is placed on 07, so that the work 103 can revolve.

The shot peening machine 101 uses the shot 111 as a workpiece 10
It is provided with a first rotor 113 and a second rotor 115 for projecting onto the three. The rotors 113 and 115 are arranged so that the shots 111 can be simultaneously projected onto different workpieces 103.

The shot 111 after projection is circulated to the upper shot reservoir 119 by the bucket conveyor 117, and the shot 111 having a small peening effect due to wear or the like has a small peening effect, and is shot by the one shot separation device 121 provided below the upper shot reservoir 119. Separated and discarded.

For example, FIG. 7 shows an enlarged perspective view of the shot separating device 121 and the first rotor 113. In the figure,
The shot separating device 121 includes a mesh 123. For example, the shot 111 is separated into a ball having a spherical diameter of 0.3 mm or more that does not pass through the mesh 123 and a ball having a spherical diameter of less than 0.3 mm that passes through the mesh 123.

The shot 111 having a ball diameter of 0.3 mm or more is supplied to the drum 127 of the first rotor 113 via the shot supply pipe 125. The first rotor 113 includes a plurality of blades 129 extending in the radial direction. The shot 111 in the drum 127 is supplied to the root of the blade 129 to be pre-accelerated, centrifugally accelerated along the blade 129 of the rotating first rotor 113, and projected onto a work (not shown) to obtain a peening effect.

The second rotor 115 has the same structure as the first rotor 113 and operates in the same manner.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Meanwhile, while the rotation speed of the first rotor 113 and the rotation speed of the second rotor 115 are substantially the same, the shot separation device 121 separates the rotation speed of the first rotor 113 or Second rotor
The ball diameter of the shot 111 supplied to the 115 side varies due to wear or the like. Therefore, the first rotor 113 and the rotor 115
As a result, the kinetic energy of each shot 111, which is centrifugally uniformly accelerated, varies, the peening effect becomes non-uniform, and the work quality may become unstable.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to stabilize the quality of a work by making the kinetic energy of shots having different spherical diameters substantially uniform, and to improve the life of the entire apparatus. An object of the present invention is to provide a rotor type shot peening apparatus that can be used.

[Configuration of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a plurality of rotatable rotors and a plurality of blades extending in the radial direction of each rotor. A rotor type shot peening apparatus for projecting a shot centrifugally accelerated from the outer peripheral portion of the rotating rotor by supplying a shot to the rotor center side of this blade, and driving means for rotating the rotor separately. , Selecting means for selecting the shots according to the ball diameter, supplying means for supplying the shots selected by the selecting means to different rotors according to the ball diameter, and projecting the shots supplied by the supplying means Control means for controlling the number of revolutions of each rotor by driving the drive means in accordance with the sphere diameter so that each kinetic energy of The relationship between the rotational speed and a configuration and a replacement mechanism for replacement after a predetermined time has elapsed with.

Further, the control means, the ball diameter of one shot is r ₁ ,
When the number of revolutions of one rotor supplied with this shot is n ₁ , the ball diameter of another shot is r _2, and the number of revolutions of the other rotor supplied with this shot is n ₂ , r ₁ ³ n ₁ = r
_The configuration is such that control is performed so as to satisfy the formula ₂ ³ n ₂ .

(Operation) In the above configuration, after the selecting means selects the shots according to the ball diameter, the supplying means supplies the shots to different rotors depending on the ball diameter, and the control means controls the drive of the driving means to project the shots. By changing the rotational speed of the rotor according to the ball diameter so that each kinetic energy when doing
The kinetic energy of each shot is almost the same. And
Since the relationship between the spherical diameter and the rotational speed is exchanged between rotors having different exchange mechanisms after a predetermined time has passed, one rotor does not always rotate at high speed.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show a rotor type shot peening apparatus for mass production according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First, the configuration will be described. The shot peening apparatus 1 includes a large table 7 and a plurality of small tables 9 for mounting a plurality of works 5 in a cabinet 3. The large table 7 is rotatable with respect to the cabinet 3, and the small table 9 is rotatable with respect to the large table 7. The work 5 is placed on the small table 9, so that the work 5 can revolve. In this embodiment, a plurality of gears, for example, are mounted as the work 5. Further, a partition plate 11 for independently peening the individual works 5 is provided between the small tables 9, 9.

The shot peening apparatus 1 is adjacent to the cabinet 3 and is a rotatable first unit for projecting the shot 13 onto the work 5.
The rotor 15 and the second rotor 17 are provided. Each rotor 15.1
7 are arranged so that shots 13 can be simultaneously projected onto different works 5. In this embodiment, for example, the first rotor 15 projects the shot 13 onto the work 5 from above, and the second rotor 17 projects the shot 13 from below. A working hole 19 for replacing the work 15 is formed on the opposite side of the cabinet 3 from the first and second rotors 15 and 17.

The first rotor 15 and second rotor 17, is connected the motor M _1, M ₂ as independent drive means, the motors M _1, M ₂
The drive of is controlled by the rotation speed controller 1 or 2 as a control means. Further, the first and second rotors 15 and 17 have a plurality of flat blade-shaped blades extending in a radial direction with a predetermined length.
Equipped with 20.

Shot 13 supplied to the first rotor 15 and the second rotor 17
Are sorted according to the ball diameter by a shot separating device 21 as a sorting means.

The shot separating device 21 has a first frame 23, a second frame 25, and a third frame 27 from above as shown in FIG. First frame 23
When the shot a is supplied, a first mesh 29 that allows a shot c having a sphere diameter of less than 0.5 mm to pass through is attached to this. Further, the second frame 31 is pasted with the second mesh 31 for passing the shot d of less than 0.2 mm, and the third frame 27 is not pasted with the mesh.

One ends of a first shot supply pipe 33 and a second shot supply pipe 35 are sequentially connected to the first frame 23 and the second frame 25, respectively, as a supply means. Each such shot supply pipe 3
The other ends of 3, 35 are connected to the first tank 37 and the second tank 39. Further, a waste pipe 41 for discarding the shot d is connected to the third frame 27.

Therefore, shot b of 0.5 mm or more is supplied to the first tank 37, and shot c of less than 0.5 mm and 0.2 mm or more is the second shot b.
It is supplied to the tank 39.

One ends of the first branch pipe 43 and the second branch pipe 45 are connected to the first tank 37, and the second branch pipe 47 and the fourth branch pipe 47 are connected to the second tank 39.
Each end of the branch pipe 49 is connected. The other ends of the first branch pipe 43 and the fourth branch pipe 49 are connected to the first rotor 15, and the other ends of the second branch pipe 45 and the third branch pipe 47 are connected to the second rotor 17.

Therefore, the first rotor 15 has a first branch pipe 43 or a fourth branch pipe.
49 Shots e ₁ or f ₁ is supplied from, the second rotor 17 shots e ₂ or f ₂ is supplied from the second branch pipe 45 or the third branch pipe 47.

First to fourth on-off valves SVI, SVII, SVIII, SVIV are provided at intermediate portions of the first to fourth branch pipes 43, 45, 47, 49, respectively. The first to fourth on-off valves SVI, SVII, SVIII, SVIV are
Each of the first to fourth branch pipes 43, 45, 47, 49 is opened and closed to supply and shut off the shots e ₁ , e ₂ , f ₁ , f ₂ .

The first to fourth branch pipes 43, 45, 47, 49 and the first to fourth on-off valves SVI, SVII, SVIII, SVIV as described above constitute an exchange mechanism and are operated by the sequence control circuit shown in FIG. Is controlled.

That is, the motor M ₁ and the motor M ₂ are connected to the rotation speed controller 1 or 2 via the switching circuit 51, and the switching circuit 51 is switched and controlled by the operation of the electromagnetic contactor MC. Further, the first to fourth on-off valves SVI, SVII, SVIII, SVIV are provided with on-off switches 53a, 53
b, 53c, 53d are connected respectively, and open / close switches 53a, 53b, 5
The opening and closing of 3c and 53d is controlled by the operation of the electromagnetic contactor MC. Such an electromagnetic contactor MC is operated by the control circuit 55.
In this embodiment, each opening / closing valve is opened when the opening / closing switch is turned on, and closed when the opening / closing switch is turned off.

Next, the operation of the control circuit 55 will be described with reference to the time chart shown in FIG.

First, when the start button switch ST is turned on, the auxiliary switch contact STR is turned on, and since the b contact of the auxiliary resistor AUX-R is turned on, a self-holding circuit is formed and the electromagnetic contactor MC is turned on. As a result, the opening / closing switches 53a and 53c are turned on, the first and third opening / closing valves SVI, SVIII are opened, the opening / closing switches 53b and 53d are turned off, and the second and fourth opening / closing valves SVII, SVIV are closed. Becomes As a result, the shot e ₁ is supplied to the first rotor 15 and the second rotor 17 is shot.
f ₂ is supplied. The rotation speed of the motor M ₁ is controlled to speed control meter 1, the rotation speed of the motor M ₂ is controlled to the speed control meter 2.

On the other hand, when the auxiliary switch contact STR is turned on, the time delay operation contact TLR1 is turned on for a predetermined time T1. During this T1, the electromagnetic contactor MC maintains the ON state. And the time-delayed contact TLR1
Is turned on, the time delay continuation contact TLR2 is turned on, and the time delay continuation contact TLR2 is turned off after a predetermined time T2 has elapsed after the time delay operation contact TLR1 was turned off.

In addition, the time delay action contact TLR1 is ON and the time delay continuator contact TL
When R2 is on, the auxiliary resistor AUX-R turns on and the a-contact of the auxiliary resistor AUX-R turns on to form a self-holding circuit, while the b-contact turns off and the electromagnetic contactor MC and time delay The operating contact TLR1 turns off.

Therefore, the first and third opening / closing valves SVI, SVIII are closed and the second and fourth opening / closing valves SVII, SVIV are opened. As a result, the shot f ₁ is supplied to the first rotor 15 and the shot e ₂ is supplied to the second rotor 17. The rotation speed of the motor M1 is controlled by the rotation speed controller 2 and the rotation speed of the motor M2 is controlled by the rotation speed controller 1.

After that, when the time delay continuator contact TLR2 is turned off, the a contact of the auxiliary resistor AUX-R is turned off, while the b contact is turned on and the electromagnetic contactor MC is turned on again, and the time delay operation contact TLR1.
Turns on.

The above steps are repeated until the stop button switch STP is operated.

Therefore, the shot e ₁ having a small spherical diameter or the shot f ₁ having a large spherical diameter is alternately supplied to the first rotor 15 after a lapse of a predetermined time. Further, when the shot e ₁ is supplied to the first rotor 15 to the second rotor 17, the shot f ₂ having a large spherical diameter is obtained.
Is shot and when shot f ₁ is shot
e ₂ is supplied.

Here, the rotation speeds of the first and second rotors 15 and 17 by the rotation speed control meters 1 and 2 are set as follows. That is, the equation of motion of the projected shot 13 is m ₁ v ² = m ₂ v ₂ ² (1). However, m ₁ is the mass of one shot 13, m ₂ is the mass of the other shot 13, and v ₁ and v ₂ are the blades of each shot 13.
It is the initial speed when projected from 20.

At this time, the initial velocity V can be represented by v = 2πnR / 60. However, n is the number of revolutions of the rotors 15 and 17, and R is the radial length of the blade 20.

The mass m of the shot 13 is m = πr ³ ρ. Here, r is the spherical diameter of the shot 13, and ρ is the specific gravity of the shot 9.

Therefore, the equation (1) becomes r ₁ ³ n ₁ = r ₂ ³ n ₂ (2). Here, r ₁ is the ball diameter of the one shot 13 and r ₂ is the ball diameter of the other shot 13. The spherical diameters r ₁ and r ₂ are, for example, the average value of the normal distribution of each shot 13 selected by the shot separation device 21.

Then, the control means sets the rotational speed of the second rotor 15 or the second rotor 17 so as to satisfy the above formula (2) with respect to the spherical diameter of the shot 13 supplied to the rotor. That is,
In this embodiment, the number of revolutions of the first rotor 15
The rotation speed of is set to a higher value. The number of rotations of the rotor is
For example, it can be set directly on the operation unit of the control panel.
Therefore, the kinetic energy of each shot 13 is accelerated by the first rotor 15 and the second rotor 17 and becomes substantially uniform.

Then, the respective rotation speeds of the first rotor 15 and the second rotor 17 are exchanged between the rotation speed control meters 1 and 2 after a predetermined time has elapsed. Therefore, high rotation and low rotation are alternately repeated for the first rotor 15 or the second rotor 17.

Next, the operation will be described.

In the above configuration, the first and second rotors 15 and 17 are independently rotated by the operation of the motors M ₁ and M ₂ , and the blades 20 of the first and second rotors 15 and 17 in which the shot 13 is rotated.
Is centrifugally accelerated along with and is projected onto the work 5 from the outer peripheral portions of the first and second rotors 15 and 17.

Then, according to this embodiment, the shot 13 whose kinetic energy is substantially uniform is projected onto the work 5 to obtain a stable peening effect, and the quality of the work 5 can be stabilized. Further, since the shot 13 having a ball diameter of less than 0.2 mm due to wear or the like is discarded, the shot 13 having a small peening effect is supplied to the first and second rotors 15 and 17 as in the conventional case. It can be effectively prevented.

Moreover, since the relationship between the ball diameter of the shot 13 and the rotational speed is exchanged between the first rotor 15 and the second rotor 17 after a predetermined time has elapsed, one of the first rotor 15 and the second rotor 17 is always It does not rotate at high speed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the blade 20, the motors M ₁ and M _{2, the} bearings, and the like from being overloaded, and improve the life of the entire device.

Also, since the rotation speeds of both rotors 15 and 17 are exchanged,
Since 5 and 17 wear almost in the same manner, both rotors 15 and 17 can be replaced at the same time during maintenance, the number of replacements can be reduced, and workability is improved.

Furthermore, when only one rotor is rotated at high speed, when replacing this rotor, it is necessary to dispose of this blade even if the blade can be used. Can also be reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and similar effects can be obtained by performing microcomputer control instead of sequence control, for example.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, according to the present invention, shots are selected according to the ball diameter, the shots are supplied to different rotors according to the ball diameter, and the kinetic energy of the shot projected by the control means. The number of revolutions of the rotor can be changed so that the values are almost the same, the peening effect can be stabilized, and the quality of the work can be stabilized.

Moreover, in order to exchange the relationship between the sphere diameter and the rotational speed between rotors having different exchange mechanisms after a predetermined time has passed,
One rotor does not always rotate at a high speed, and the life can be improved.

Further, since the rotor can be replaced at once during maintenance, the number of times of replacement can be reduced and workability is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a transverse sectional view of a rotor type shot peening apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the shot separating apparatus as a selecting means. FIG. 4 is a perspective view, and FIG. 4 is a schematic overall configuration diagram of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a sequence control circuit diagram of FIG. 1, and FIG.
FIG. 7 is a time chart, FIG. 7 is a transverse sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 of a conventional example, FIG. 8 is a VIII-VIII sectional view of FIG.
The figure is an enlarged perspective view of the main part of FIG. 7. 5 ... Work, 13 ... Shot 15 ... First rotor, 17 ... Second rotor 20 ... Blade 21 ... Shot separation device (selection means) 33 ... First shot supply pipe (supply means) 35 ... Second 〃〃43… Second 1st branch pipe 45 ... 2nd branch pipe 47 ... 3rd branch pipe 49 ... 4th branch pipe (Exchange SVI ... 1st opening / closing valve mechanism) SVII ... 2nd opening / closing valve SVIII ... 3rd opening / closing valve SVIV ... 4th opening / closing valve

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rotor having a plurality of rotatable rotors, having a plurality of blades extending in a radial direction of each rotor, and supplying a shot to the rotor center side of the blades to rotate the rotor from the outer peripheral portion. In a rotor type shot peening apparatus for projecting a centrifugally accelerated shot onto a work, a driving means for individually rotating the rotor, a selecting means for selecting the shot according to a ball diameter, and a selecting means for selecting by this selecting means. Supplying means for supplying different shots to different rotors according to the ball diameter, and driving the driving means according to the ball diameter so that each kinetic energy at the time of projecting the shot supplied by this supplying means becomes substantially uniform. Control means for controlling the rotational speed of each rotor, and an exchange mechanism for exchanging the relationship between the spherical diameter and the rotational speed between different rotors after a predetermined time has passed Rotor-type shot-peening device comprising.