JPH0753223B2 - Contaminated air purification method and device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polluted air purification method and device, and more particularly to a polluted air purification method and device suitable for air conditioning of a toll road toll collection booth.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At a toll collection point on a motorway such as a highway, workers in a toll booth collect tolls and issue receipts. To maintain the environment such as air conditioning in the conventional toll collection booth on toll roads, an air conditioner is attached to the roof of the booth to perform only air conditioning, and when air is sent and cooled, room air (air in the booth) is circulated. I was going.

[0003]

However, recently, the number of automobiles has increased, and cars are constantly congested near toll gates on toll roads, and the quality of air around the booth is extremely poor. . That is, the concentration of harmful gas components such as sulfur oxides discharged from the vehicle (SO _X) and nitrogen oxides (NO _X) and carbon oxides (CO _X) is very high,
In addition, dust from tires and roads is mixed in at a high concentration. For this reason, if the air conditioning inside the booth is performed only by circulating the indoor air as in the past and the air components are not adjusted, the human physiology will be reduced if workers working inside the toll collection booth work continuously for a long time. There was a great possibility that it would have an unfavorable effect and cause health problems for workers.

On the other hand, SO _X and NO _X as measures against air pollution
Although the elimination technology has been matured to some extent, there is no established technology for CO _X measures, and as mentioned above, a means for efficiently removing harmful components in the air in order to prevent human health damage due to air pollution. Is desired.

There are the following methods which can be considered for adoption in order to solve the removal of SO _X , NO _X and CO _X at a local place such as a toll road collection booth.

1. Gas phase treatment technology (1-1) Method of using gas harmful component separation membrane (1-2) Method of absorbing and separating harmful components 2. Liquid phase treatment technology (2-1) Bubbles in liquid (2-2) Method of absorbing harmful component gas by watering.

Of these methods, (1-1) is a reliable method because it requires a molecular sieve as a gas component separation membrane, but it is expensive. If the gas phase absorption and separation of (1-2) is performed, the economic difficulty can be solved, but the treatment efficiency is poor.
Although the mother liquor (tap water) absorption method (2-1) by forming fine bubbles in the liquid is a practically useful method, it has a problem of re-release of absorbed harmful components. On the other hand, according to (2-2) the absorption method using sprinkled liquid droplets (tap water), since the absorbed amount is small relative to the sprinkled amount, there is no concern about re-release into the atmosphere after treatment.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned respective points of the prior art, and in order to protect human health by efficiently and reliably removing pollutants in a bad environment such as a toll road toll collection booth. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a device for purifying contaminated air.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, in the method for purifying contaminated air according to the present invention, purifying water is introduced into the purifying chamber under pressure, and the water is introduced from the nozzle into the chamber. The pollutants are absorbed into the water droplet particles side by spraying into the chamber and introducing the polluted air into the chamber under pressure or reduced pressure inhalation state to contact with the sprayed water droplet particles, and the purified air is It is characterized in that it is introduced from the chamber to a place to be air-conditioned and blown out, and the water droplet particles absorbing the pollutant are collected and discharged from the chamber as polluted water.

In a preferred embodiment, the location to be air-conditioned is a toll road toll collection booth, and the clean air is introduced into the toll collection booth via a humor in the booth to prevent a rise in humidity. It's blowing.

In another preferred embodiment, tap water that is being sent under pressure is used as is as the water for purification, or this tap water is pumped to a receiving tank by a receiving pump and the purification is performed. Calcium hydroxide solution is mixed in water for use.

[0012] In another preferred embodiment, a polluted air inlet is provided upstream of the nozzle in the purification chamber, and a dehumidifying zeolite pellet layer and CO _X adsorption are provided between the polluted air inlet and the nozzle. A quicklime pellet layer is provided.

An air purification apparatus for carrying out the method for purifying contaminated air comprises a water receiving tank, a purification chamber, and a water supply pipe connecting the water receiving tank and the purification chamber.
A water pump provided on the water supply pipe, a nozzle for spraying water spray provided at the tip of the water supply pipe in the purification chamber, a blower for pumping contaminated air into the purification chamber, and a pressure pump into the purification chamber. The clean air outlet for taking out the polluted air that has been sprayed from the nozzle as the clean air after coming into contact with the sprayed water droplet particles, and collecting the water droplet particles after coming into contact with the polluted air and discharging it as polluted water from the purification chamber. It has a water pipe.

[0014]

[Operation] In a toll collection booth on a toll road, tap water is introduced under pressure into the purification chamber (main body of the aspirator) in order to adjust the components of the air in the booth. It is sprayed from a narrowed nozzle and sprayed in a reverse arc shape. The polluted air in the booth is introduced into the chamber from an air inlet provided near the nozzle in a pressurized state or a reduced pressure suction state by the negative pressure action of the nozzle. As a result, the contaminated air is in sufficient contact with the fine water droplets generated from the nozzle, and the contaminated gas contained in the contaminated air,
Contaminant particles, harmful microorganisms, etc. are absorbed on the water drop side. The air that has been cleaned by absorbing and removing pollutants is introduced into the booth and blown out. Water droplets that have absorbed the pollutants are collected in the lower part of the chamber and discharged to the outside as polluted water.

[0015]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of an aspirator-type contaminated air purifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a city water pipe, 2 is a water receiving tank, 3 is a water supply pipe, 4 is a water supply pump, 5 is a spray nozzle, 6 is spray water, 7 is a blower, 8 is a contaminated air inlet pipe, 9 is a clean air outlet pipe, 10 is a water pipe,
Reference numeral 15 is a purification chamber that constitutes the main body of the aspirator. The city water pipe 1 is connected to the water receiving tank 2. The water receiving tank 2 and the purification chamber 15 are connected by a water supply pipe 3, and a water supply pump 4 is provided on the water supply pipe 3. A nozzle 5 having a reduced diameter is attached to the tip of the water supply pipe 3. The nozzle 5 is arranged in the upper part of the purification chamber 15. The contaminated air inlet pipe 8 is provided near the nozzle 5.
The clean air outlet pipe 9 is provided in the lower portion of the purification chamber 15. The water pipe 10 is connected to the bottom of the purification chamber 15.

City water (tap water) is received from the city water pipe 1 into the water receiving tank 2 (arrow A). The tap water stored in the water receiving tank 2 is pressure-fed by the water feed pump 4 to the aspirator (purification chamber 15) through the water supply pipe 3 as shown by an arrow B. The tap water pumped into the purification chamber 15 is diffused and sprayed from the upper part to the lower part by the nozzle 5 in an arc shape or an inverse arc shape, and becomes sprayed water 6 that is diffused as fine water droplet particles into the entire purification chamber 15 and falls. To do.

Instead of the above-described structure in which tap water is temporarily stored in the water receiving tank 2 and is pumped by the pump 4, tap water from the pressurized city water pipe is directly supplied through an appropriate control valve or the like. It may be introduced into the purification chamber 15.

On the other hand, the contaminated air in the toll collection booth of the room to be air-conditioned, for example, a toll road, is blown by the blower 7 through the contaminated air inlet pipe 8 to the vicinity of the upper nozzle 5 in the purification chamber 15 as indicated by arrow C. It The contaminated air, when also NO _X and CO _X by contains contaminants and harmful microorganisms, such as harmful gas components and soot other dust, such as SO _X is an exhaust gas component of a motor vehicle. Such pollutants and the like are absorbed on the side of the water droplets to purify the contaminated air when the contaminated air sufficiently contacts the spray water 6 in the purifying chamber 15. The air from which pollutants and the like have been removed is introduced into the charge collection booth as shown by arrow D through the clean air outlet pipe 9 in the lower part of the purification chamber and blown out as clean air.

The blower 7 for introducing the polluted air into the purification chamber 15 under pressure may be omitted, and the polluted air may be naturally sucked by the negative pressure generated in the chamber 15. That is, the upper space portion of the spray water 6 sprinkled from the nozzle 5 in the aspirator (purification chamber 15) becomes a negative pressure state due to the flow velocity action of the spray water, and therefore the contaminated air is pressure-fed into the aspirator by using a blower. This is because the negative pressure generated in the aspirator sucks the gas even if it is not used. If a blower is used, the introduction of polluted air can be reliably and efficiently performed.

On the other hand, water droplet particles that have absorbed pollutants such as harmful gas components are collected at the bottom of the purification chamber 15 and discharged to the outside of the aspirator through the water distribution pipe 10 as indicated by arrow E.

Here, in order to enhance the action of absorbing the pollutants by the contact between the spray water 6 and the polluted air, it is preferable that the water droplet particles of the spray water are fine particles. However, as the water droplet particles become finer, the water droplet particles are carried out from the purification chamber 15 together with the clean air (carrier out phenomenon) and blown out into the toll collection booth to increase the humidity in the booth. In order to prevent such a rise in humidity in the booth due to carrier-out, it is desirable to provide a demister (not shown) on the inlet side of the clean air outlet pipe 9 to reduce the amount of carrier-out.

A polluted gas separation promoting means may be added to the polluted air purifying apparatus having the above structure. As the polluted gas separation promoting means, for example, a calcium hydroxide droplet under-mixing device (not shown) attached to the water receiving tank 2 is used, and calcium hydroxide (Ca) is added to the water in the water receiving tank.
A small amount of (OH) ₂ ) solution is mixed in. As a result, the sprayed water sprinkled in the purification chamber 15 becomes a calcium hydroxide solution, and this sprayed water absorbs harmful gas components in the contaminated air introduced from the booth to form calcium salts and precipitates. The separation and absorption of is promoted.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a main part of a polluted air purifying apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. The same or corresponding members as those in the embodiment of FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. In this embodiment, a zeolite pellet tank 11 for dehumidification is provided above the aspirator and a quicklime pellet tank 12 for removing carbon oxide is provided below the zeolite pellet tank 11. The contaminated air inlet pipe 8 opens on the upstream side of the zeolite pellet tank 11. Below the quicklime pellet tank 12, a distributor 13 is provided for uniformizing the air flow in the purification chamber that constitutes the aspirator. 14 is a partition net.

The contaminated air from the charge collection booth is blower 7
Is sent by pressure from the top of the aspirator, passes through the zeolite pellet layer 11 and the quicklime pellet layer 12, is uniformly dispersed by the distributor 13, and flows in the purification chamber from top to bottom. Here, the contaminated air passes through the zeolite pellet layer 11 to absorb and remove water. By passing this dry air through the quicklime pellet layer 12, CO _x is removed. In this case, quick lime pellets have a rapidly reduced CO _X absorption function due to moisture in the air, so it is desirable to provide a dehumidifying zeolite pellet layer 11 on the upstream side of the quick lime pellet layer 12.

The air from which the water and CO _X components have been removed in this way comes into contact with the spray water 6 from the nozzle 5 and the remaining NO _X and SO _X are effective, as in the case of the embodiment of FIG. Water particles are absorbed and removed. With such a configuration, CO _X , NO _X , which are harmful components in the exhaust gas,
SO _X is efficiently and completely removed. Other configurations and operational effects are similar to those of the embodiment shown in FIG.

According to the above-described embodiment shown in FIG. 1, about 99% of NO _x , about 98.5% of SO _{x and} about 95% of CO _x can be removed from the contaminated air in the booth. is there. According to the embodiment of FIG. 2, in particular CO _X
The removal rate is improved, and removal of about 98% can be achieved at the outlet of the purifier.

[0027]

As described above, in the method for purifying contaminated air according to the present invention, water particles are sprayed in the aspirator type purifying chamber and the contaminated air is sufficiently brought into contact with the water particles to contaminate the air. The substances are absorbed by the water droplets to purify the contaminated air, and the water droplets that have absorbed the contaminants are collected and discharged to the outside of the chamber, so the contaminants are reliably removed, especially toll collection on toll roads. When applied to a booth air conditioning system, harmful components in exhaust gas are effectively removed and the health of workers working in the booth is protected.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration explanatory view of an aspirator-type contaminated air purifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a main part configuration of an aspirator-type contaminated air purifying apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... City water pipe 2 ... Water receiving tank 3 ... Water supply pipe 4 ... Water pump 5 ... Nozzle 6 ... Spray water 7 ... Blower 8 ... Contamination air inlet pipe 9 ... Clean air outlet pipe 10 ... Drain pipe 11 ... Zeolite pellet layer 12 ... quicklime pellet layer 13 ... distributor 14 ... partition net 15 ... purification chamber

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical indication location B01D 53/62 53/77 ZAB F24F 3/16 B01D 53/34 135 Z (72) Inventor Masaharu Iwamiya 2-5-12 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toyo Heat Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Morishige Sequential, 4-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Ultec Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP 62 -254823 (JP, A) JP-A-51-4090 (JP, A)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. Purification water is introduced into a purification chamber under pressure, the water is sprayed from the nozzle into the chamber, and contaminated air is introduced into the chamber to produce the sprayed water droplet particles. Contamination that absorbs pollutants on the side of water droplets by contacting them, blows out purified air from the chamber to a place to be air-conditioned, and collects water droplets that have absorbed the contaminants and discharges them from the chamber as contaminated water. In the air purification method, a pollutant gas absorbing solution is mixed in the purification water, and the polluted air is adsorbed on the dehumidifying zeolite layer and CO _x before the polluted air is brought into contact with the water droplet particles of the purification water. A method for cleaning polluted air, characterized by passing through a quicklime layer. 2. The area to be air-conditioned is a toll road toll collection booth, and the clean air is blown into the toll collection booth via a demister for preventing a rise in humidity in the booth. 1. The method for purifying polluted air according to 1. 3. The method for purifying polluted air according to claim 1, wherein the pollutant gas absorption solution is a calcium hydroxide solution. 4. A water receiving tank, a purification chamber, a water supply pipe connecting the water receiving tank and the purification chamber, a water feed pump provided on the water supply pipe, and a water supply pipe tip in the purification chamber. A nozzle for spraying water, a contaminated air supply means for introducing contaminated air into the purification chamber, and cleaning the contaminated air introduced into the purification chamber after contact with the water droplet particles sprayed from the nozzle. In a polluted air purifying apparatus comprising a clean air outlet for taking out as air and a drain pipe for collecting water droplet particles after contacting the polluted air and discharging the polluted water from the purifying chamber, a nozzle in the purifying chamber CO _X intake the upstream dirty air inlet port is provided, the zeolite layer and the downstream side thereof for dehumidification between the contaminated air inlet and the nozzle of the Contaminated air purifying apparatus characterized in that a use quicklime layer.