JPH0753038Y2 - Non-flammable insulation for railway vehicles - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a non-combustible heat insulating material provided on a ceiling, floor, side wall, etc. of a railway vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a heat insulating material that passes "non-combustion" of a combustion test for railway materials, a heat insulating material 31 formed by wrapping glass fiber cotton 34 with a glass fiber cloth 35 in a cushion shape as shown in FIG. Although not shown, a heat insulating material in which an aluminum foil having a thickness of 70 to 100 μm is bonded to one surface of glass fiber cotton with a rubber-based, polyurethane-based, or organic-based adhesive is known.

[0003]

However, the heat insulating material 31 in which the conventional glass fiber cotton 34 is wrapped with the glass fiber cloth 35 in the form of a cushion needs to be completely sealed so that the glass fiber cotton 34 therein does not come out. is there. To this end, a piece of glass fiber cloth 35 is first sewn on to form a bag with one side open. Next, the bag must be turned inside out and filled with glass fiber cotton, and the opening edge of the bag must be sewn and sealed. In this way, the manufacturing work is very troublesome,
High processing cost was required.

Further, the heat insulating material 31 may be cut in order to match the size and shape with the location in the railway vehicle, but in that case, the cut location must be completely sealed again, which is troublesome. . Further, when the heat insulating material 31 is housed vertically upright on the side wall side, the glass fiber cotton 34 drops in the bag of the glass fiber cloth 35 and the lower part of the bag swells, which makes it difficult to perform the disposing work. At the same time, the amount of the glass fiber cotton 34 on the upper portion of the bag decreases, so that the heat insulating effect on the side wall may be uneven.

Further, the heat insulating material in which the aluminum foil is adhered to one side of the glass fiber cotton with an adhesive is thick and inflexible in order to prevent the aluminum foil from breaking, so that the heat insulating material is formed into the inner shape of the installation location. It was difficult to adapt and deform. In addition, since this thick aluminum foil appears on the surface, the hands may be scratched by the corners and burrs of the aluminum foil when the heat insulating material is placed at the location where it is placed. In addition, the adhesive for adhering the aluminum foil to the glass fiber cotton may generate unsanitary gas or smoke due to the heat of a fire. Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has completed and applied for a device relating to "non-combustible heat insulating material for railway vehicles" prior to the present invention (actual application 2
-15526, Jitsuhei 2-50012, Jitsuhei 2-
65380).

According to the non-combustible heat insulating materials of the three inventions of the above-mentioned prior applications, the above-mentioned problems could be solved by stitching glass fiber cotton and glass fiber cloth or the like with threads in some places. Since these non-combustible heat insulating materials use glass fiber cotton with a considerable thickness as a whole to ensure heat insulating properties, the thickness is uneven between the places sewn with threads and those not sewn. It tended to be shaped. For example, when the thickness of the non-combustible heat insulating material before sewn is 50 mm, the thickness after sewn is compressed to about 30 mm when sewn,
Where it is not sewn, it is curved to 30 to 50 mm.
When the thickness of the non-combustible heat insulating material becomes non-uniform as described above, the heat insulating effect may be uneven. In addition, when the nonflammable heat insulating material has an uneven shape in this manner, it may be difficult to attach the protective tape to the cut portion after the cut material is cut according to the use place and processed.

On the other hand, when the glass fiber cloth or the glass fiber cotton is joined with an adhesive or a binder material instead of sewing with threads, unsanitary gas or smoke is generated due to the heat of a fire as in the past. There was a problem. As described above, in the conventional non-flammable heat insulating material, the heat insulating material is formed to have a thickness sufficient to ensure the heat insulating property, and the thickness is made non-uniform to prevent uneven heat insulating effect, and the unsanitary gas It was very difficult to simultaneously satisfy various effects of preventing the generation of smoke and smoke.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, to prevent generation of unsanitary gas and smoke due to heat in case of fire, and to make the thickness sufficient to secure heat insulation. Another object of the present invention is to provide a non-flammable heat insulating material for a railway vehicle, which can be made uniform in thickness, can obtain a uniform heat insulating effect, and can be easily cut after cutting.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the non-combustible heat insulating material for a railway vehicle according to claim 1 is provided with a glass fiber cloth for holding the inner side and generates unsanitary gas or smoke when heated. of artificial inorganic fiber cotton or man-made mineral fiber sheet often the binder material is not used and the inner member having a thickness of 1~15mm consisting stitched in places by the yarn being superimposed, viewed it contains at least artificial inorganic fibers, cotton, yarn Sewn by
Not, the outer member having a substantially uniform thickness and equal to or more than the inner member, so that the artificial inorganic fiber cotton or the artificial inorganic fiber sheet of both members and the artificial inorganic fiber cotton face each other. It is assumed that they are stacked and joined.

Here, "inside" refers to the inside of the railcar, and "outside" refers to the outside. The non-combustible heat insulating material of the present invention deals with the fire from the inside of the railway vehicle. In addition, examples of the "artificial inorganic fiber" include glass fiber, rock wool, ceramic fiber, quartz fiber, mineral cotton fiber and the like. The "artificial inorganic fiber cotton" is not limited to defibrated cotton, and includes laminated ones and needle-punched ones after being laminated. Also,
As "man-made inorganic fiber cotton that does not use a binder material that has a lot of unsanitary gas and smoke when heated", no binder material is used at all, one with a very small amount of binder material attached to the surface of the fiber, An example is one in which the binder material is washed off and adjusted so that the amount of the binder material attached becomes small. "Artificial inorganic fiber sheet"
Examples of the material include paper made from the artificial inorganic fibers.

The inner member has a thickness of 1 to 15 mm.
The reason is that even if the inner member is sewn in places, unevenness does not occur so much, and even if the inner member is heated from the inside, it does not exceed the temperature at which the organic components of the binder and adhesive decompose. The thickness at which there is no possibility of heating. This thickness varies depending on the artificial inorganic fibers used, and may be, for example, 3 to 15 mm for glass fiber cotton and 1 to 5 mm for ceramic paper made by making ceramic fibers. Here, the reason why the thickness of the glass fiber cotton is set to 3 mm or more is as follows.
FIG. 2 shows the result of a preliminary test conducted before completing the present invention. This preliminary test is based on the method standardized as a combustion test for railroad materials, and a preliminary test piece of non-combustible heat insulating material is placed in a test room at room temperature of 20 ° C for only 24.5 mm from the stand on which the alcohol lamp is placed Set it so that it is positioned above, heat the surface of this preliminary test piece with an alcohol flame, and use the point of the surface that the alcohol flame hits as the heating start point, and the temperature of the preliminary test piece at each point from this heating start point to the back surface. This is a survey of the distribution. As this preliminary test body, in order from the surface side to which alcohol flame is applied,
Glass fiber cloth with a thickness of 0.18 mm and a density of 10 kg / m
³ , a glass fiber cotton obtained by compressing a glass fiber having a thickness of 10 mm to 4 mm and a glass fiber cotton having a density of 20 kg / m ³ and a thickness of 50 mm made of short glass fibers were integrated and used.

In this preliminary test, as shown in FIG. 2, the temperature of the non-combustible heat insulating material is 180 ° C. or higher at a position less than 3 mm from the heating starting point, and the temperature drops sharply at a position exceeding 3 mm. Results were obtained. Where 1
The temperature of 80 ° C is the temperature at which the main organic components contained in the binder materials and adhesives generally used for glass fiber cotton begin to decompose, and below 180 ° C, the organic components do not decompose at all or one of them. The part only disintegrates very slowly. From this result, it is sufficient that the inner member not using the binder material has a thickness of 3 mm or more, and if the condition is satisfied, even if a binder material or an adhesive is used for the outer member, the organic component is decomposed, resulting in no hygiene. It turned out that it is difficult for smoke and gas to occur. On the other hand, the reason why the thickness of the glass fiber cotton is set to 15 mm or less is to prevent the unevenness of the shape of the noncombustible heat insulating material due to the compression of the threads to be sewn.

The thickness of the ceramic paper is 1
The reason why mm or more is exemplified is as follows. That is, when a similar test was conducted using a ceramic paper having a density of 200 kg / m3 and a thickness of 1 mm instead of the inner glass fiber cotton in the preliminary test, 170 ° C. was obtained on the back surface of the ceramic paper which was just 1 mm from the heating starting point.
Because it became. In addition, the reason why the thickness of the ceramic paper does not exceed 5 mm is exemplified because the flexibility is lost and the handleability is deteriorated.

Next, the "inside-holding glass fiber cloth" is formed by weaving glass fiber threads, and the weaving method is not limited to a specific one. The inner holding glass fiber cloth preferably has a thickness of 0.01 to 1 mm. This is because if it is less than 0.01 mm, the thread may break, and if it exceeds 1 mm, the flexibility of the surface is reduced, and the workability of arranging it in the area to be laid becomes poor. The "artificial inorganic fiber cotton" may be formed of either long fibers or short fibers of glass fiber, and the density of the artificial inorganic fiber cotton is preferably 10 to 200 kg / m3. Further, it is preferable that the fiber diameter is as thin as 0.5 to 20 μm and the fiber has a high coefficient of restitution. This is because the weight of the non-combustible heat insulating material is reduced and the weight of the vehicle itself is reduced as the speed of the railway vehicle is increased.

The "thread" may be glass fiber thread, metal thread, cotton thread, hemp thread, nylon or other synthetic resin thread, regardless of whether it is inflammable or inflammable. The diameter of this thread may be appropriately selected depending on the type and thickness of the glass fiber cloth or artificial inorganic fiber cotton to be sewn together, and is generally selected from the range of 0.01 to 1 mm in diameter. The above-mentioned "sewn in places" means, for example, a state in which stitches are sewn in a matrix in the vertical and horizontal directions, sewn in parallel in a vertical or horizontal direction, or sewn in a plurality of scattered dots.

Next, the non-combustible heat insulating material for railway vehicles according to claim 2 is the non-combustible heat insulating material for railway vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the inner member is made of artificial inorganic fiber cotton or artificial inorganic fiber sheet. The inner holding cloth is further laid on the opposite side of, and is sewn or joined by the thread.

Here, the "internal holding cloth" can be exemplified by glass fiber cloth, cotton cloth, polyester and other synthetic fiber cloths regardless of incombustibility and flammability. Woven cloth,
It does not matter if it is a non-woven fabric.

[0018]

According to the non-combustible heat insulating material for a railway vehicle of claim 1, since the inner member has a thin thickness of 1 to 15 mm, it can be sewn and not sewn even if compressed by a thread to be sewn. The difference in thickness is small, and the inner member does not have large irregularities. The outer member is sewn with thread.
Since they do not meet, the thickness is almost uniform and
The size is equal to or greater than that of the inner member. Therefore, these
The non-combustible heat insulating material in which the inner member and the outer member are joined and integrated has a sufficient thickness as a whole to ensure the heat insulating property, and the thickness is uniform and has a shape with less unevenness. In addition, most of the organic components contained in the binder material and the adhesive agent that cause generation of unsanitary gas and smoke start to decompose at 180 ° C. Therefore, the artificial inorganic fiber cotton that does not use unhygienic gas or smoke-rich binder material up to the inner member that may be heated to the temperature at which the binder and organic components of the adhesive decompose during heating. Alternatively, the formation of the artificial inorganic fiber sheet prevents the generation of the gas or smoke, and the outside of the outside member is in a state of being joined with an adhesive or the like without limiting the presence or absence of the binder material.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above effects, when the inner member is sewn with the inner holding cloth, the inner artificial inorganic fiber cotton is laid on the opposite side. The internal holding cloth supports the thread seam,
This thread is prevented from directly digging into the artificial inorganic fiber cotton or the artificial inorganic fiber sheet. Further, by bonding the inner holding cloth to the facing surface of the artificial inorganic fiber cotton, the surface to which the adhesive for bonding the inner member and the outer member is applied is made smooth.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment embodying a non-combustible heat insulating material for railway vehicles according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the non-combustible heat insulating material 1 of this embodiment includes a glass fiber cloth 2 for holding the inner side and an inner glass fiber cotton 3 as artificial inorganic fiber cotton which does not use a binder material in some places by threads 4. Sewn together with a thickness of about 3.5m
m, an outer member 9 having a substantially uniform thickness and an outer holding cloth 6 and an outer glass fiber cotton 7 as artificial inorganic fiber cotton joined together by an adhesive 8 and having a thickness of about 50 mm.
And the glass fiber cotton 3, 7 of both members 5 and 9 are overlapped so as to face each other and are joined by an adhesive 8 to be integrally formed.

In the present embodiment, both the inner holding glass fiber cloth 2 and the outer holding cloth 6 are plain weave glass fiber cloths having a thickness of 0.18 mm. The inner glass fiber cotton 3 used was a glass fiber long fiber having a fiber diameter of 9 mm and no binder material was used. The density of this inner glass fiber cotton 3 is about 30 kg / m
3 On the other hand, the outer glass fiber cotton 7 has a fiber diameter of 11
A fiber consisting of glass fiber short fibers of μm was used. The density of the outer glass fiber cotton 7 is about 20 kg.
/ M3.

Next, as the thread 4, a glass fiber yarn having a thread diameter of 0.3 mm was used according to the types and thicknesses of the inner holding glass fiber cloth 2 and the inner glass fiber cotton 3 to be sewn together. The sewing of the inner member 5 with the thread 5 was performed by a sewing machine. Further, although the urethane-based adhesive was used as the adhesive 8, other rubber-based adhesives can be used.

Next, in order to manufacture the non-combustible heat insulating material 1 constructed as described above, first, the layered inner-holding glass fiber cloth 2 and inner glass fiber cotton 3 are sewn with the thread 4 using a sewing machine. Then, the inner member 5 is formed. On the other hand, the outer holding cloth 6 and the outer glass fiber cotton 7 are joined by the adhesive 8 to form the outer member 9. After that, the inner member 5 and the outer member 9 may be overlapped and bonded with the adhesive 8 so that the glass fiber cotton 3, 7 of both members face each other. Therefore,
The non-combustible heat insulating material 1 can be easily manufactured by the sewing work using the thread 4 and the joining work using the adhesive 8.

According to the non-combustible heat insulating material 1 constructed as described above, since the inner member 5 has a thin thickness of about 3.5 mm, even if the inner member 5 is compressed by the thread 4, the sewn portion and the sewn portion are not sewn. And the inner member 5 does not have a large uneven shape. Furthermore, since the inner member 5 is joined to the outer member 9 having a substantially uniform thickness and 50 mm,
The integrated non-combustible heat insulating material 1 can be formed as a whole with a thickness sufficient to ensure heat insulating properties, and has a uniform thickness and a shape with less unevenness. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a uniform heat insulating effect. In addition, since the nonflammable heat insulating material 1 has a shape with less unevenness in this way, when the protective tape is applied after cutting it according to the use place, the cut treatment can be performed easily and neatly. .

Further, as described above, the main organic components contained in the binder material or the adhesive and causing the generation of gas or smoke start to decompose at about 180 ° C. Therefore, even if an in-vehicle fire or the like occurs, the non-combustible heat insulating material 1 of the present embodiment is
The inner holding glass fiber cloth 2 and the inner glass fiber cotton 3 in which the binder material is not used are bonded up to the inner member 5 which may be heated to a temperature at which the organic components of the binder material and the adhesive are decomposed. Since it is formed by sewn together with the threads 4 without using any agent, it is possible to prevent generation of unsanitary gas and smoke. Therefore, according to the non-combustible heat insulating material 1 of the present embodiment, not only unsanitary gas and smoke are not generated by the heat at the time of fire, but also a considerable thickness can be secured as a whole. ,
Based on the uniform thickness, a uniform heat insulating effect can be obtained, and various effects such as easy cutting after cutting can be rationally achieved.

Further, the thermal conductivity was measured as the heat retention performance of the nonflammable heat insulating material 1 of this example. This thermal conductivity measurement is
When the room temperature was 20 ° C., the hot wire method was used. Also,
For comparison with the nonflammable heat insulating material 1 of this example, the thermal conductivity of the nonflammable heat insulating material in which the aluminum foil of the conventional example was attached to one surface with an adhesive was measured. As a result, the average value of the thermal conductivity of the conventional example is 0.0709 kcal / mh ° C., whereas the average value of the thermal conductivity of the non-combustible heat insulating material 1 of the present example is 0.0224 k.
It was cal / mh ° C. Therefore, it was confirmed that the heat insulating performance of the noncombustible heat insulating material of this example was about three times higher.

Further, the sound absorbing performance of the nonflammable heat insulating material 1 of this example was measured. This is a measure for reducing diffused reflection of sound in the vehicle and preventing noise. The sound absorption performance was measured by measuring the normal incident sound absorption coefficient under the conditions of the temperature of 22 ° C. and the humidity of 65% by the measuring method based on JIS A1405. Further, for comparison with the nonflammable heat insulating material 1 of the present example, the nonflammable heat insulating material in which the aluminum foil of the conventional example is attached to one surface with an adhesive was also measured.
(The test sample of the conventional example has a density of 20 kg / m3 and a thickness of 50 m.
m, fiber diameter 11 μm, glass fiber cotton surface, thickness 70
The aluminum foil with a thickness of μm attached with an adhesive was used). Further, the back air layer of the test body was 0 mm, and sound reflection / reflection was performed from the inner holding glass fiber cloth 2 and the aluminum foil side. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the sound absorption coefficient of the conventional example drastically decreases in the range from over 1000 Hz to 2000 Hz, while the sound absorption of the nonflammable heat insulating material 1 of the present example. The rate is declining moderately. For example, at a frequency of 2000 Hz, the sound absorption coefficient of the conventional example is 38%, whereas the sound absorption coefficient of the present embodiment is 72%, which is a large difference. Conventionally, most of the noise in the vehicle body of a railway vehicle is in the middle and high frequency bands of 1000 Hz or higher. From the measurement results, the nonflammable heat insulating material 1 of the present embodiment is also great in preventing noise in the vehicle. It was confirmed to be effective.

Next, a second embodiment of the nonflammable heat insulating material for railway vehicles will be described with reference to FIG. In the non-combustible heat insulating material 21 for railway vehicles according to this embodiment, the inner member 22 is formed only by forming the inner holding cloth 23 on the outer side of the inner glass fiber cotton 3 and sewn together. Different from the one embodiment.

Nonflammable heat insulating material 21 constructed as described above
According to this, in the inner member 22, even when the inner holding glass fiber cloth 2, the inner glass fiber cotton 3 and the inner holding cloth 23 are sewn on the sewing machine with the hearing of the thread 4 being slightly enhanced, The inner holding cloth 4 stacked on the opposite side supports the seam of the thread 4 and prevents the thread 4 from directly cutting into the inner glass fiber cotton 3. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the glass fiber from breaking and tearing the inner glass fiber cotton 3 and protruding from the hole of the seam of the inner holding glass fiber cloth 2. Other functions and effects are similar to those of the first embodiment.

The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, but may be embodied by being arbitrarily modified within the scope of the spirit of the invention as follows. (1) The outer holding cloth may be omitted. (2) An inner holding cloth may be joined to the opposite side of the outer glass fiber cotton. When the inner member and the outer member are joined to each other, if the adhesive is applied to the internal holding cloth, the surface is smooth, so that it can be applied evenly and easily.

[0031]

[Effect of the Invention] The non-combustible heat insulating material for railway vehicles of the present invention is
Since it is configured as described above, it does not generate unsanitary gas or smoke due to the heat of a fire, and it can be formed to a thickness sufficient to ensure heat insulation. It is possible to obtain a uniform heat insulating effect by uniforming the heat treatment and to easily perform the cut end treatment after cutting.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view having a partial cross section in which a non-combustible heat insulating material for a railway vehicle according to a first embodiment is embodied.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a temperature distribution when a preliminary test body of a noncombustible heat insulating material is heated based on a test method of a railway material combustion test.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the normal incident sound absorption coefficient of a nonflammable heat insulating material.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a cross section of a part of the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Nonflammable heat insulating material 2 Glass fiber cloth for holding inside 3 Inner glass fiber cotton as artificial inorganic fiber cotton 4 Thread 5 Inner member 7 Outer glass fiber cotton as artificial inorganic fiber cotton 9 Outer member 21 Nonflammable heat insulating material 22 Inner member 23 Internal holding cloth

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An inner holding glass fiber cloth (2) and an artificial inorganic fiber cotton (3) or artificial inorganic fiber sheet which does not use a binder material which generates a lot of unsanitary gas and smoke when heated are laminated. Te yarn inner member having a thickness of 1~15mm consisting stitched in places (4) (5), viewed contains at least artificial inorganic fibers cotton (7), stitched by thread
Orazu, an outer member is equal to or more with respect to a substantially uniform and the inner member thickness (5) (9), but both members (5,
A non-combustible heat insulating material for a railroad vehicle, wherein the artificial inorganic fiber cotton (3, 7) of 9) or the artificial inorganic fiber sheet and the artificial inorganic fiber cotton (7) are overlapped and joined so as to face each other. 2. The inner member (22) is further sewn with an internal holding cloth (23) on the opposite side of the artificial inorganic fiber cotton (3) or the artificial inorganic fiber sheet and sewn with the thread (4). Alternatively, the non-combustible heat insulating material for railway vehicles according to claim 1, which is formed by joining.