JPH0752037B2 - Solar heat collector - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solar heat collector.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the conventional solar heat utilization technology, the focus is on heat collection at a relatively high temperature, and at present there are few examples of development of solar system related equipment for low temperature heat collection. As a typical low-temperature heat collecting technology, Tomasson type and Shore type built-in heat collectors are famous. Such a downflow type roof-mounted heat collector is a technology that is relatively inexpensive to manufacture and relatively easy to construct. However, in an open-type downflow collector, sunlight directly enters the canister, algae are generated by photosynthesis, and molds and other breeding are observed in the corners of the canister. Therefore, when it is installed in a place such as a roof where the scaffolding is poor, it is necessary to devise some means in advance for maintenance management. As a matter of course, such preliminary measures increase the initial construction cost and cannot fully utilize the cost advantage of the flow-down type. Furthermore, under low ambient temperature conditions, the heat collection efficiency is significantly reduced due to latent heat loss, which is also an obstacle to the spread of the downflow collector.

[0003]

As has been pointed out above, the conventional flow-through type heat collectors are mainly used as roof-embedding technology, and how to use the advantages of the flow-down type in a progressive manner. Or, what kind of improvements should be made in order to dramatically improve the heat collection efficiency and surely obtain stable heat collection performance in the flow-down type, and to keep the cost increase due to such improvement as low as possible The inventor of the present invention recognizes that what kind of solution should be taken is the present problem for the flow-down system.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, a substantially sealed space provided with a light-receiving sheet for heat exchange, which heats up by receiving sunlight, and the sealed space A water supply means provided at an upper position and provided with a piping path for supplying water as a heat medium, a tongue-shaped rectifying means adjacent to the water supply means and located downstream of the water supply means, and a lower portion of the sealed space. And a hot water collecting means for collecting water of the heat medium flowing down the inner surface of the light receiving sheet, and the tongue-shaped rectifying means is provided with a tip edge close to the inner surface of the light receiving sheet and this tip. The partition portion is located from the edge to the water supply means, and the partition portion forms an enclosed space between the partition surface and the inner surface of the light receiving sheet, and at the same time, the partition portion extends from the water supply means side toward the tip edge of the flow regulating means. The sun forming the guide surface The heat collecting device is obtained.

[0005]

The water of the heat medium discharged from the water supply means comes into contact with the inner surface of the light receiving sheet or the partition portion of the flow regulating means. Alternatively, after coming into contact with the light receiving sheet, it falls on the partition portion of the rectifying means. The heat medium water supplied from the water supply means is guided to the leading edge of the rectifying means by the inner surface of the light receiving sheet or the partition portion, is spread through this leading edge, and flows down while adhering to the inner surface of the light receiving sheet. Form a layer of media. The heat medium that has flowed down is collected through the hot water collecting means.

[0006]

2 to 4 are sectional views showing an embodiment of a heat collecting apparatus according to the present invention. The heat collecting device has a substantially sealed space provided with a light receiving sheet 5 for heat exchange, which receives sunlight to raise the temperature. A part of this sealed space is constituted by the box body 1 in the illustrated example. The box body 1 can be built on site by using cast-in-place concrete, or can be produced in advance as a precast concrete box produced by a factory and carried into the site. For the material of the box body 1, in addition to concrete, foam concrete, foam resin,
Pottery can be used. This box 1 is provided with a recess 3 that opens upward, and the bottom surface of the recess 3 is inclined in FIGS. 1 and 2. The lower end of the recess 3 is provided with hot water collecting means 4 for collecting the heat medium. The “lower end” here is not limited to the position of the lower end. For example, a groove is provided in the bottom portion of the recess 3 having the lowest level, and hot water of the heat medium collected in the groove is supplied from the side of the box 1 or
It also includes a structure to pull out on the back side of.

A heat exchange wall of the light receiving sheet 5 is formed in the box body 1 by inserting the light receiving sheet 5 into the recess 3 of the box body 1. As the light-receiving sheet 5, a packaging body of the light-receiving sheet 5 in the form of a plate or a coil is prepared, the packaging body is placed near the box body 1, and the light-receiving sheet 5 is gradually pulled out while pulling out the light-receiving sheet 5 from the packaging body. It can also be attached to 1. Alternatively, the light receiving sheet 5 is continuously pulled out from the coil body while moving the coil body along the recess 3,
It is also possible to install the light receiving sheet 5 in the recess 3.
For the light receiving sheet, for example, a sheet material such as corrosion resistant aluminum, stainless steel, zinc iron plate, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene can be used. An example of fixing the heat exchange wall of the light receiving sheet 5 using the recess 3 is shown in the drawings.
Any method may be adopted for fixing the light receiving sheet 5. However, since the light receiving sheet 5 expands and contracts due to the temperature change, it is advisable to take measures to eliminate such deformation.

When the light receiving sheet 5 is attached using the recess 3, the box body 1 is placed on the upper layer 7 depending on the arrangement of the recess 3.
And the lower layer 8 can be divided. When incorporating such a structure, the lower layer 8 can be used as a substantially hermetically sealed space, and the upper layer 7 can be covered with a transparent sheet to be used as a space for the greenhouse effect.

Above the sealed space, a water supply / rectifying device 9, 9A, 9B or 9C for supplying water as a heat medium to the inner surface of the light receiving sheet 5 and rectifying the heat medium on the inner surface is arranged. Has been done. The water supply / rectification devices 9A, 9B, and 9C shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 have water supply means (a) having a pipe path for supplying water as a heat medium to the inner surface of the light receiving sheet 5.
And a tongue-shaped rectifying means (b) having a leading edge at a position close to the light receiving sheet 5 on the downstream side of the water supply means (a) and forming a partition portion between the water supply means and the water supply means. . The heat medium supplied to the inner surface of the light receiving sheet 5 by the water supply means (a) and flowing down while adhering to the inner surface is
A layer of the heat medium that flows down while adhering to the inner surface is formed by being positively spread on the inner surface by the tip edge of the flow regulating means (b) on the downstream side of the water supply means (a). Moreover, the rectifying means (b) does not adhere to the inner surface of the light receiving sheet 5.
The heat medium that has fallen upward is returned to the inner surface of the light-receiving sheet 5 again from the leading edge along the partition portion of the rectifying means (b). In this way, the heat medium water is evenly distributed on the inner surface of the light-receiving sheet 5. .

In the solar heat collectors shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the water supply / rectification devices 9A, 9B and 9C are different in structure, and the peripheral portions of the light receiving sheet 5 are also supported and fixed. There are differences.

The box body 1 is shown as a concrete box in any of FIGS. 1 to 4. When the box body 1 is constructed from a concrete box, heat insulation around the sealed space (lower layer 8) becomes a problem. In FIGS. 1 and 2, commercially available materials such as foamed plastic, foamed concrete, or glass fiber board are buried at positions 12 and 12A. In FIGS. 3 and 4, the heat insulating materials 12B and 12C are adhered along the bottom or the peripheral wall of the recess 3 and the waterproof layer 13 is applied to the surface layer.

The solar heat collector having the above-mentioned structure may be installed on a construction surface during construction of a retaining wall, construction of a building, or during construction of other constructions, or may be manufactured on site by using these wall surfaces. it can.

[0013]

The heat medium water discharged from the water supply means is
Practically, it is in an enclosed space sandwiched between the inner surface of the light-receiving sheet and the partition portion of the rectifying means, and flows along the inner surface or the partition portion of the light-receiving sheet and positively passes through the leading edge of the rectifying means. You can By this operation, a relatively small amount of runoff water can be spread on the light receiving sheet having a large area. The internal atmosphere of the sealed space is not agitated, and efficient heat exchange can be performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a solar heat collector according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the solar heat collector according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the solar heat collector according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the solar heat collector according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Box 3 Recess 5 Light-receiving Sheet 9, 9A, 9B, 9C Water Supply / Rectifier (a) Piping Path (b) Rectifier

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A substantially sealed space provided with a light-receiving sheet for heat exchange that heats up when receiving sunlight, and a pipe path for supplying water as a heat medium above the sealed space. The water supply means provided, the tongue-shaped rectifying means adjacent to the water supply means and located on the downstream side of the water supply means, and the heat medium water flowing down the inner surface of the light receiving sheet, which is provided in the lower part of the sealed space, And a hot water collecting means for collecting, the tongue-shaped rectifying means is composed of a leading edge close to the inner surface of the light-receiving sheet and a partition portion located from this leading edge to the water supply means, and the partition portion is A solar heat collecting apparatus in which an enclosed space is formed between the light receiving sheet and the inner surface of the light receiving sheet, and at the same time, the partition portion forms a water guide surface from the water supply means side toward the tip edge of the rectifying means.