JPH07505839A - 熱可塑性材料及び熱硬化性材料の複合構造物の金属構造物との結合 - Google Patents

熱可塑性材料及び熱硬化性材料の複合構造物の金属構造物との結合

Info

Publication number
JPH07505839A
JPH07505839A JP5519418A JP51941893A JPH07505839A JP H07505839 A JPH07505839 A JP H07505839A JP 5519418 A JP5519418 A JP 5519418A JP 51941893 A JP51941893 A JP 51941893A JP H07505839 A JPH07505839 A JP H07505839A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
composite
thermoplastic
metal
bonding
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP5519418A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
マッキンタイアー,アレン ジェイ.
デイヴィス,ジェフリー シー.
Original Assignee
ユナイテッド テクノロジーズ コーポレイション
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US07/873,902 external-priority patent/US5342464A/en
Priority claimed from US07/873,721 external-priority patent/US5322580A/en
Application filed by ユナイテッド テクノロジーズ コーポレイション filed Critical ユナイテッド テクノロジーズ コーポレイション
Publication of JPH07505839A publication Critical patent/JPH07505839A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C37/00Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
    • B29C37/0078Measures or configurations for obtaining anchoring effects in the contact areas between layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3444Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/3448Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip said ribbon, band or strip being perforated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3444Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/3452Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip forming a sleeve, e.g. a wrap-around sleeve
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3468Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1226Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B29C66/612Making circumferential joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73751General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73755General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being fully cured, i.e. fully cross-linked, fully vulcanized
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/02Shafts; Axles
    • F16C3/026Shafts made of fibre reinforced resin
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/064Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable
    • F16D1/068Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable involving gluing, welding or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/362Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721Fibre-reinforced materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7214Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72143Fibres of discontinuous lengths
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7377General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
    • B29C66/73771General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being amorphous
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7377General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
    • B29C66/73773General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being semi-crystalline
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/748Machines or parts thereof not otherwise provided for
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Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 熱可塑性材料及び熱硬化性材料の複合構造物の金属構造物との結合 技術分野 本発明は熱可塑性材料及び熱硬化性材料の複合構造物を金属構造物へ結合する方 法に関する。より詳しくは、金属構造物と複合構造物との間で軸方向荷重とねじ れ荷重を伝達する金属に結合される複合材に関する。
発明の背景 熱可塑性材料及び熱硬化性材料の複合材料は、構造要素として広範囲に利用され ている。そのような複合材料は比較的強度が高く軽い構造物を製造することがで きる。さらに、熱可塑性複合材料は、材料の融点温度まで何度も加熱することが できるので、成形直しが可能であるという特性を有する。航空産業においては、 熱可塑性材料及び熱硬化性材料の複合材料を利用することにより、重量の大幅な 軽減と、交換と修理の容易化を可能にしている。
熱可塑性材料及び熱硬化性材料の複合材料が構造要素としてますます使用される ようになってきている一方、用途によっては金属構造部材もいまだ必要とするこ とがある。そのような用途の一例として、ヘリコプタ−のガスタービンエンジン とローターシャフトとの間のスプライン結合部分があげられる。スプライン結合 部は対応し特表千7−505839 (3) た形に形成された四分に(ぴったり)はまり、ガスタービンエンジンからシャフ トへと回転力を伝達する。エンジンの荷重に耐え得るだけの十分な強度を有する 複合スプラインシャフトコネクタの形成は困難であるため、金属製のスプライン コネクタが好んで用いられる。しかしながら、そのような用途において、シャフ ト自体金属製固定具が固定された熱可塑性または熱硬化性の複合材料から作るこ とができる。金属製の固定具を用いればシャフトをエンジンに結合することがで きる。
熱可塑性材料または熱硬化性材料からなる複合シャフトに金属製固定具を適合さ せる際に、固定具とシャフトとの間の装着が問題となる。すなわち、二つの要素 間に生じるねじれ荷重および軸方向荷重の両方の作用荷重を伝達できるように装 着する。熱可塑性材料及び熱硬化性材料の複合材料は、作用荷重に耐え得るだけ の十分な強度を有する金属材料上では溶融しない。さらに、硬化した熱硬化性複 合材料は一度硬化してしまうと、再加熱によって固定具とシャフトとの間の結合 を解くことはできない。標準的な接着剤では、固定具からシャフトへ伝達される ねじれ荷重と軸方向荷重とに耐え得るだけの強度を有する結合部は得られない。
先行技術における一つの方法は、金属製固定具を機械的に複合シャフトへ結合さ せることが挙げられる。この種の結合には、ともにボルト締めされるピンおよび /またはフランジが用いられている。ビンによる結合および/またはフランジ部 分が設けられていることで、複合構造の組み立てはより一層複雑かつ困難なもの となる。さらにこの機械的な結合部分によって、シャフトと固定具とを簡単に結 合した場合に比べて、シャフトと固定具の寸法と重量が増大する。
上述の技術にもかかわらず、科学者や技術者らは本発明の所有者の指示のもとに 、結合部を介して軸方向荷重とねじれ荷重とを伝達させることのできる、金属と 、熱可塑性材料及び熱硬化性材料の複合材料との結合方法の開発に従事している 。
発明の開示 本発明によれば、金属構造物を熱可塑性材料または熱硬化性材料からなる複合構 造物へ結合させる方法であって、金属構造物の合せ面に刻み付けをし、熱可塑性 複合材料を刻み付けされた合せ面上に成形して結合面を設けるステップを含む。
熱可塑性複合構造物についてみると、本結合方法はさらに結合面に熱可塑性複合 材料からなる積層材をあて、結合面と積層材とを溶融させるステ・ツブを含む。
熱硬化性複合構造物についてみると、本結合方法はさらに熱可塑性結合面に熱硬 化性複合構造物を準備するステ・ノブを含む。熱硬化性複合構造物の準備は、熱 可塑性材料層に乾燥繊維強化材層を部分的にはめ込むステップと、むきだしの乾 燥繊維に熱硬化性樹脂を被覆するステップと、熱可塑性材料のむきだしの乾燥繊 維と熱硬化性複合構造とを一緒に硬化させるステップを含む。その熱可塑性材料 は熱硬化性複合構造物の結合面を形成する。加熱および加圧することにより、熱 硬化性複合構造物と金属構造物との結合面を形成する熱可塑性材料を融解および 溶融させ、金属構造物と熱硬化性複合構造物との結合面を固着する。
本発明の主な特徴は、金属構造物の合せ面が刻み付けされていることにある。他 の特徴は、刻み付けされた表面上に熱可塑性材料層を成形して層にし、結合面と していることにある。熱可塑性材料結合方法の特定実施例の特徴は、刻み付けさ れた表面の円周上の凹所にある。本実施例の他の特徴は、張力の大きい表皮材に ある。熱硬化性材料結合方法の特徴は、乾燥繊維強化材層が部分的にはめ込まれ たむきだしの部分に含浸された樹脂が熱硬化性複合構造物と熱可塑性材料との両 方に溶融することにある。熱硬化性結合法の他の特徴は、熱硬化性複合構造物と 金属構造物との間に挟まれた抵抗加熱素子の利用にある。
本発明の前述および他の目的、特徴、利点は、以下の詳細な実施例の記述および 添付の図面においてより明らかとなるだろう。
図面の簡単な説明 第1A図は、熱可塑性複合シャフトが結合された金属製固定具を有する駆動装置 の斜視図である。
第1B図は、熱硬化性複合シャフトが結合された金属製固定具を有する駆動装置 の部分斜視図である。
第2A図は、第1A図に図示した金属製固定具の斜視図であり、刻み付けされた 合せ面を表す。
第2B図は、第1B図に図示した金属製固定具の斜視図であり、刻み付けされた 合せ面を表す。
第3A図は、第1A図中の3A−3A線に沿って切った断面図であり、熱可塑性 材料層を施すことによって形成され、刻み付けされた合せ面に結合される結合面 とともに金属製固定具を示す図である。
第3B図は、第1B図中の3B−3B線に沿って切った断面図であり、熱可塑性 材料層を施すことによって形成され、刻み付けされた合せ面に結合される結合面 とともに金属製固定具を示す図である。
第4図は、第2B図に図示した金属製固定具を刻み付けされた合せ面に形成され た熱可塑性材料層をともに示した斜視図である。
第5図は、第2A図に図示した複合材料を施せる状態にした金属製固定具をこの 固定具に取りつけられる心棒をともに示した斜視図である。
第6図は、第5図に図示した金属製固定具の結合面と心棒とに熱可塑性複合材料 の積層板を施した後の状態を示す斜視図である。
第7図は、熱硬化性複合構造を、熱可塑性材料と乾燥繊維強化材とからなる結合 面とともに示した部分断面図である。
第8図は、乾燥繊維強化の層が部分的にはめ込まれた熱可塑性円錐体の斜視図で ある。
第9図は、抵抗加熱素子の斜視図である。
第10図は、第9図に図示した抵抗加熱素子が結合面に取り付けられた第4図に 図示した複合材料を施せる状態の金属製固定具の斜視図である。
第11図は、熱可塑性複合シャフトに結合された金属製固定具を有する駆動装置 の斜視図である。駆動装置は、熱可塑性複合シャフトを合せ面に型締する張力の 大きい重なり部分を有する。
第12図は、円周上に凹所が刻み付けられた合せ面を有する第11図に図示した 金属製固定具の斜視図である。
第13図は、合せ面と張力の大きい重なり部分との上に熱可塑性材料層が成形さ れた金属製固定具の第11図中の13−13線に沿って切った断面図である。
発明を実施するための最良の形態 本発明は、熱可塑性複合構造物や熱硬化性複合構造物を金属製の構造物または固 定具に結合させる方法である。第1A図、第1B図は、駆動装置12を示し、金 属製固定具14は、中空の複合シャフト16に結合されている。金属製固定具1 4は、第2A図および第2B図に図示されているように、スプライン部分18お よび合せ面22とを有する。スプライン部分18は、ガスタービンエンジンなど の力伝達要素(図示せず)に係合するように設計されている。動作時、ガスター ビンエンジンは、固定具14のスプライン部分18へ回転荷重を伝達する。回転 荷重は、以下に詳しく述べるように、固定具14の合せ面22と複合シャフト1 6との間の結合かみ合いを介して複合シャフト16に伝達される。さらに、縦荷 重もまたシャフト16と固定具14との間に伝わる。金属製固定具14と複合シ ャフト16との間の結合は、回転荷重と縦荷重との両方を十分伝達できるだけの 強度を有する。
本発明による結合方法の最初のステップとして、金属製固定具14のような金属 構造物の準備がある。金属製固定具14の合せ面22は、第2A図、第2B図中 の参照番号24で示されるように、周知の技術によって刻み付けされ、金属製固 定具14を結合できる状態にしている。刻み付け24は、無造作に作った刻み、 螺旋状の刻み、あるいは軸と円周上に形成した刻み付けを組み合わせたものであ る。刻み付け24の正確な形状と深さd(第3A図、第3B図参照)とは、金属 製固定具14と複合シャフト16の間で伝達される力および合せ面22の面積に よる。一般に合せ面22の面積が大きければ大きい程、刻み付け24の深さdは 浅くなる。
無造作に形成した刻みは、一般に、通常の作用荷重に耐え得る。
刻みを無造作に形成することも考えられないことではないが、特定の用途では部 分を一定の方向に形成することで効果的に荷重を伝達することができる場合もあ る。
次に、熱可塑性材料26の層は、第4図(ともに第3A図、第3B図参照)に示 されているように、刻み付けされた合せ面22/24上に成形される。熱可塑性 材料層26のむきだしの表面は、金属製固定具14の刻み付けされた合せ面22 /24上で結合面28を形成する。ここで利用される熱可塑性材料は、短繊維強 化熱可塑性材料、または短繊維未強化熱可塑性材料である。強化された熱可塑性 樹脂は荷重の大きくなるような用途に必要とされる。成形過程において、熱可塑 性材料26は、合せ面22の刻み付け24の中や周辺に行き渡らせる。熱可塑性 材料26の層は、合せ面22の刻み付け24に行き渡らせて完全に被覆するのに 十分な厚みt(第3A図、第3B図参照)を有する必要がある。このようにする ことで、熱可塑性材料26と刻み付けされた合せ面22/24との間で確実に機 械的な係止部を形成することができる。
本発明による一方法を利用して、第1A図の熱可塑性複合シャフト16のような 熱可塑性複合構造物を金属製固定具14へ結合させるために、心棒32を、第5 図に図示したように、用意の整った金属製固定具14に係合する。心棒32は、 熱可塑性複合材料からなる積層材を装着させるための保持面34を有する。第5 図には心棒が示されているが、装着時に積層材を保持する他の手段を利用しても よい。固い(中空ではない)熱可塑性複合構造物と金属構造物とを結合させるよ うな用途では、積層材装着手段が必要ない場合もある。
次に、熱可塑性複合材料からなる積層材36を金属製固定具14(第3A図参照 )の結合面28上と心棒32の保持面34上とに装着する。第6図に示されるよ うに、熱可塑性複合材料が所望の厚さになるまで積層材36の装着を繰り返す。
所望の厚さは、使用する熱可塑性複合材料に特有の特性とその用途によって様々 である。
最後に、熱可塑性複合材料に適した方法で、金属製固定具14に形成された熱可 塑性材料層26と積層材36とを固着する。周知の通り、固着には通常、熱およ び圧力を印加する必要があり、積層材36に対する加熱および加圧により熱可塑 性複合シャフト16を形成し、熱可塑性材料層26上へ積層材36を結合する。
硬化後、心棒32を取り外すことにより、中空の熱可塑性複合シャフト16が、 金属製固定具14の熱可塑性材料層26に結合されて、第1A図に図示した駆動 装置12が形成される。
本発明による他の結合方法を利用して、第1B図中の熱硬化性複合シャフト16 などの熱硬化性複合構造物を、金属製固定具14へ結合するために、熱硬化性の 複合シャフト16にまず、適切な結合面を形成する必要がある。第2B図に示し たように、金属製固定具14の合せ面22はフラストコニカルな(frusto conical)形態をしている。第1B図を参照すると、金属製固定具14に 結合される熱硬化性複合シャフト16の端部は合せ面22にぴったり合う形状の 合せ面を有する。第7図を参照すると、熱硬化性複合シャフト16は、合せ面4 0を有する。これは短い円筒部分42と比較的長いフラストコニヵルな部分44 を有する。
熱硬化性複合シャフト16に適した結合面を生成する最初のステップでは、熱可 塑性円錐体50(第3B図、第8図参照)に部分的にはめこまれる乾燥繊維強化 材48の層を必要とする。熱可塑性円錐体50は熱硬化性複合シャフト16の合 せ面4oとぴったり合う形状を有する。乾燥繊維強化材層48は、第8図に図示 したように、はめこまれた部分とむきだしの部分ができるように熱可塑性円錐体 50の外面にはめこまれている。
乾燥繊維強化材層48が部分的にはめこまれた熱可塑性円錐体50は多数の工程 を通して製造される。まず、熱可塑性材料と乾燥繊維強化材とが混合したストラ ンドと乾燥繊維強化材からなるストランドとを織り合わせる工程を必要とする。
次に、乾燥繊維強化材と紡糸熱可塑性フィラメントとを緊密に固着し、混合スト ランドを作る。次に、乾燥繊維強化材のストランドを混合ストランドとともに織 り、一方が強力な乾燥繊維強化材で他方が混合ストランドの織物材料を形成する 。これに代る工程として、乾燥繊維強化材のストランドを紡いだ熱可塑性フィラ メントとともに織り合わせ、一方が強力な乾燥繊維強化材で他方が熱可塑性フィ ラメントの織物材料を作る。
乾燥繊維強化材層48が部分的にはめこまれた熱可塑性円錐体50を製造するた めのさらに代りの工程を以下に述べる。まず、準結晶質の熱可塑性材料層と非晶 質の熱可塑性材料層とを緊密に溶融させる。準結晶質の熱可塑性材料は非晶質の 熱可塑性材料よりも融点温度が高い。非晶質の熱可塑性材料層は乾燥繊維強化材 層よりも薄い。次に、乾燥繊維強化材層を非晶質の熱可塑性材料層の上に押しっ け、融解した熱可塑性材料層を加熱して非晶質の熱可塑性材料を溶融させるが、 準結晶質の熱可塑性材料は溶融しない。このようにして繊維強化材層を非晶質の 熱可塑性層に埋設し、準結晶質材料層は、乾燥繊維強化材層が完全に埋設してし まわれないようにするための障壁となる。上述の三工程は、乾燥繊維強化材層4 8を熱可塑性円錐体50に部分的にはめこむための考え得る方法として挙げられ たものではあるが、他にも可能な工程が多数あることは理解できよう。
次に結合面を生成するために、乾燥繊維強化材層48のむきだしの部分を熱硬化 性複合シャフト16と同様の熱硬化性樹脂で被覆する。被覆後の乾燥繊維強化材 層48のむきだしの部分は未硬化熱硬化性複合シャフト16の合せ面40と係合 する。係合後、熱硬化性複合シャフト16と、嵌挿繊維強化材層48が部分的に はめこまれている熱可塑性円錐体50とが一緒に硬化する。
−緒に硬化した結果、被覆された乾燥繊維強化材層48のむきだしの部分は、硬 化した熱硬化性複合シャフト16と結合される。乾燥繊維強化材層48は部分的 に熱可塑性円錐体50に埋設されているため、第7図(第3B図もともに参照) に示すように、円錐体50は熱硬化性複合シャフト16と一体に形成されている 。熱可塑性円錐体50の内面は、第7図に図示したように、熱硬化性複合シャフ ト16の結合面52を構成する。
熱硬化性複合シャフト16に結合面52が準備されるとすぐ、第9図に良く示さ れるような抵抗加熱素子54を、第10図に示したように金属製固定具14の結 合面28上に配置する。抵抗加熱素子54は、結合層から延在する電気リード5 6を有する。電気リード56は、電気エネルギー源(図示せず)に結合するよう に形成される。
次に、抵抗加熱素子54が熱硬化性複合シャフト16の熱可塑性結合面52と金 属製固定具14の熱可塑性結合面28との間に挟まれるように、熱硬化性複合シ ャフト16の結合面52を金属製固定具14に係合する。結合領域への圧力印加 と同時に熱可塑性材料の融点温度以上に抵抗加熱素子54を加熱できるだけの十 分な強さの電流が加熱素子54に流れる。
ここに示した、第1B図に図示されているような構造に圧力を印加する工程は、 熱硬化性複合シャフト16と金属製固定具14とに軸方向荷重を加えるものであ る。結合面28.52を円錐形にすることで適切な固着圧力を与えるのに十分な 円周方向の力成分が得られる。結合面が異なる形をした構造用に他の圧力印加手 段を利用してもよい。
抵抗加熱素子54により発生する熱と印加された圧力とによって、結合面28. 52を構成する熱可塑性材料を固着し、これにより金属製固定具14と熱硬化性 複合シャフト16との間に熱可塑性結合層を形成し、本発明による結合プロセス を完全にする。抵抗加熱素子によって生じた熱は、熱可塑性材料を再融解させる には十分であるが、硬化した熱硬化性複合シャフトに機械的な損傷が及ぶ程では ない。
抵抗加熱素子は、使用中は正しい位置にあり、その後結合の逆をたどる工程に利 用される。結合の逆をたどる工程では、抵抗加熱素子に電流を流し、結合層内の 熱可塑性材料を再融解させる。融解させれば、金属固定具を熱硬化性複合シャフ トから分離することができる。結合の逆をたどる工程によって、必要な場合に応 じて、金属製固定具、または熱硬化性複合シャフトを交換することができるよう になる。
抵抗加熱素子は、結合層を加熱して熱可塑性材料層を固着したり、固着を解いた りする手段となる。抵抗加熱素子は、穿孔延伸筒、エツチング箔、切断された素 子、曲がりくねったワイヤなどの多様な導電素子から選択される。選択された抵 抗加熱素子は、実質的に均一な方法で結合面を加熱するよう機能すべきである。
均一に加熱することにより、結合工程の間、結合部の質を落とす熱点および/ま たは露点の発生を最小にすることができる。結合面を加熱するのに適した手段と して、埋設された抵抗加熱素子が示されているが、また示唆したのではあるが、 誘導加熱などの他の加熱手段を利用することもできる。
第11図には駆動装置12を図示している。その駆動装置には上述のものとは異 なる形状の金属製固定具14が、本発明による結合法の他の実施例を利用して複 合シャフト16に結合されている。金属製固定具14は、第12図に詳細に図示 されている。そこには上述したように、スプライン部分18と刻み付け24が施 されている合せ面22が含まれている。さらに、第12図中の固定具14の合せ 面22は、円周上にわたる凹所部分62を有し、この凹所部分62は金属製固定 具14と複合シャフト16との間をさらに機械的に係止するために径方向にオフ セットしている。
円周上に凹所部分62を有する金属製固定具14は、上述の結合方法を利用して 熱可塑性複合シャフト16に結合される。熱可塑性複合シャフト16を、金属製 固定具14の刻み付けられた合せ面22/24に形成された熱可塑性材料26の 層に固着する固着ステップに続いて、張力の大きい表皮材64を金属製固定具1 4の凹所部分62の付近の熱可塑性複合シャフト16の周域に配置する。張力の 大きい表皮材64は熱可塑性複合材料を、凹所62と、刻みつけられた合せ面2 2/24とに締め付ける機能を果たす。張力の大きい表皮材は、多様な引っ張り 強度の大きい材料から形成される。ここで提案される材料はガラス繊維である。
本発明の典型的な実施例に関して詳述してきたのではあるが、これらの技術分野 のものにおいては、様々な変形や、省略、および/または追加が本発明の意図お よび範囲からそれることなく理解されるだろう。
fig、 IA fig、 11 fig、13 国際調査報告 。rT/lIC0’l/M、AI。
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Claims (10)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 1.合せ面を有する金属構造物を複合構造物へ結合する方法において: 金属構造物の合せ面に刻み付けをするステップと;熱可塑性複合材料層を金属構 造物の刻みつけの為された合せ面上に成形して結合面を形成するステップと;複 合構造物を金属構造物の結合面とともに固着するステップと;からなる結合方法 。
  2. 2.複合構造物は熱可塑性複合構造物であり、前記固着するステップは; 保持面を有する心棒を金属構造物に係合するステップと;熱可塑性複合構造物を 形成する積層材を、金属構造物の結合面と心棒の保持面とにあてるステップと; 熱および圧力を印加することにより、金属製固定具の刻み付けされた合せ面に形 成された熱可塑性複合材料層上で積層材を融解して、熱可塑性複合構造物を形成 するステップと;からなる請求項1記載の方法。
  3. 3.固着された複合構造物の周域に張力の大きい表皮材を被着して複合構造物を 金属製固定具に締め付けるステップを含む請求項1記載の方法。
  4. 4.複合構造物は未硬化熱硬化性複合構造物であり、前記固着するステップは; 乾燥繊維強化材層を、金属構造物の刻み付けされた合せ面に対して補足的な外形 をもつ熱可塑性構造物に部分的に埋設して、熱可塑性構造物に乾燥繊維強化材の 埋設部分とむきだしの部分とを形成するステップと; 乾燥繊維強化材のむきだしの部分を熱硬化性複合樹脂で被覆するステップと; 樹脂で被覆された乾燥繊維強化材のむきだしの部分を未硬化熱硬化性複合構造物 の合せ面に係合するステップと;未硬化熱硬化性複合構造物と、係合され樹脂で 被覆された乾燥繊維強化材のむきだしの部分とを硬化させ、そのうちの熱可塑性 構造物部分を硬化後の熱硬化性複合構造物の結合面とするステップと;硬化後の 熱硬化性複合構造物の結合面を金属構造物の結合面に係合するステップと; 熱および圧力を加え、係合した金属構造物と熱硬化性複合構造物の結合面を溶融 させるステップと; からなる請求項1記載の方法。
  5. 5.係合するステップはさらに、硬化後の熱硬化性複合構造物の結合面と金属構 造物の結合面との間に抵抗加熱素子を配置するステップを含み; 加熱および加圧するステップはさらに、抵抗加熱素子に電流を流すことにより、 金属構造物と、硬化された熱硬化性複合構造物の両結合面を形成すべく熱可塑性 材料を溶解させる熱を発生させて、両結合面を一緒に溶融させるステップを含む 、請求項4記載の方法。
  6. 6.動力伝達要素から彼駆動要素へ力を伝達するための駆動装置において; 動力伝達要素と係合する手段と、刻みつけされた合わせ面とを有する金属固定具 と; 金属製固定具の刻み付けされた合せ面に形成されて、金属製固定具の結合面を構 成する熱可塑性材料層と;加熱および加圧により金属製固定具の結合面と固着さ れた結合面を有する複合シャフトとを有する駆動装置。
  7. 7.金属製固定具の刻み付けされた合せ面は円周上に凹所が施された部分を有す る、請求項6記載の駆動装置。
  8. 8.金属製固定具の円周上に施された凹所部分の付近の、複合シャフトの周域に 配置された張力の大きい表皮材をさらに有し、この表皮材によって複合シャフト を金属製固定具の刻み付けされた合せ面に締め付ける、請求項7記載の駆動装置 。
  9. 9.複合シャフトは熱硬化性複合シャフトであり、熱硬化性複合シャフトの結合 面は、熱可塑性構造から成ると共に、部分的に埋設された乾燥繊維強化材層を有 し、乾燥繊維強化材層のむきだしの部分は、熱硬化性複合樹脂で被覆され、熱硬 化性複合シャフトと共に硬化され、熱硬化性複合シャフト上で溶融した熱可塑性 構造が結合面となる、請求項6記載の駆動装置。
  10. 10.熱硬化性複合シャフトの結合面と金属製固定具の結合面との間に配置され た抵抗加熱素子をさらに有する、請求項9記載の駆動装置。
JP5519418A 1992-04-24 1993-04-23 熱可塑性材料及び熱硬化性材料の複合構造物の金属構造物との結合 Pending JPH07505839A (ja)

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US07/873,902 US5342464A (en) 1992-04-24 1992-04-24 Bonding of thermoplastic composite structures to metal structures
US07/873,721 US5322580A (en) 1992-04-24 1992-04-24 Bonding of thermoset composite structures to metal structures
US873,902 1992-04-24
US873,721 1992-04-24
PCT/US1993/003865 WO1993022127A1 (en) 1992-04-24 1993-04-23 Bonding of thermoplastic and thermoset composite structures to metallic structures

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EP0637280A1 (en) 1995-02-08
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CA2131386A1 (en) 1993-11-11
WO1993022127A1 (en) 1993-11-11

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