JPH07504348A - Mammoth tusk precious metal work and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Mammoth's work 0 and 1 B-Clothes! 1 construction The present invention relates generally to precious metal products and their manufacturing methods, and more specifically to mammoth tusks. It is concerned with precious metal works and their manufacturing methods.

I Mamedate! dispatch Traditionally, mammoth tusks have been used in combination with inlaid precious stones to produce precious metal items. It was done. For example, mammoth tusk seals and mosaic mammoth tusk capochons. and various precious metal works such as mosaic mammoth tusks and antiques. It has been known.

The production of this kind of precious metal work is done by cracking mammoth tusks, cracking inlaid precious stones, Also, cracks in joints between constituent materials (mammoth tusks, precious stones, adhesive materials, etc.) It was quite difficult because there were such problems. For example, mammoth tusks are made of water, Cracks inside the tusk due to exposure to natural forces such as permafrost and earth minerals. This results in increased moisture content, reduced internal strength, and contamination of the tusk composition.

Additionally, the combination of various constituent materials with different coefficients of expansion may reduce the contact between these materials. It becomes a factor that causes separation of joints. Finally, the art design of precious metal work is often This often causes problems with the bonding properties of the adhesive.

The main reason for fluctuations inside a mammoth tusk is when the material is exposed to water until it reaches its saturation point. It turns out that this is because it absorbs water and expands as a result. Therefore, wood As with Ring and then process. If the relative humidity is different from the ambient humidity , a transition of moisture occurs from higher iH degree levels to lower humidity levels. the As a result, the workpiece expands or contracts and cracks form.

In the prior art, several attempts have been made to overcome the above-mentioned problems.

The assembly members are designed to act as a "cocoon" to seal and bind the composite pieces. One example is coating with acrylic resin. However, this acrylic Resin coating is only a temporary solution for two reasons: It has become clear that this is only possible.

First, raw materials contain a certain amount of water, and this water can escape through osmosis. This can cause cracks and separation in precious metal items. Next, even if water Even if the paint is removed, the paints available are soft and cannot withstand long-term use.

Therefore, using this prior art solution, the surface of the coating is Scratches and discoloration are inevitable. In addition, natural materials lost due to the tusk being exposed to natural forces. As an alternative to oil, you can also apply oil to mammoth tusk jewelry. But long Therefore, such oils are inconvenient for both the craftsmen who process them and the consumers who wear them. It's a pleasant thing.

Various adhesives have also been used in an attempt to eliminate separation. This kind of contact Adhesives include polymers, epoxies, glass fibers, and plastics, to name a few. There are many types such as noacrylide. However, most of the available adhesives , either penetrating the substance or acting as a binder, or both. It has no purpose. At present, mammoth tusk is not used for manufacturing precious metal crafts. It is not possible to find a suitable adhesive that has both suitable penetration and bonding properties. stomach.

Furthermore, in an attempt to avoid separation, internal bins are inserted into mammoth tusk jewelry. This was also done. The internal bin certainly solves the problem of maintaining the cohesion of the filigree. However, the precious metal work will not expand or contract in the appropriate direction on its surface. prevent you from doing something. Therefore, the artifact has a tendency to buckle away from the direction of the bottle. There is a direction.

Moreover, the use of bottles inside precious metal objects is excessively expensive.

Many types of curing techniques are used to reduce internal stress and moisture in the mammoth tusk. techniques are being tried. Microwave oven, hot light inside heat box drying warehouse Various forms of curing were carried out, including storage within the interior. However, these methods all destroy the material or require extremely long curing times. It has become clear that

i plate 11 The present invention overcomes the disadvantages and shortcomings of some of the above-mentioned methods, as well as Stabilization, assembly, and finishing to address the unique challenges of manufacturing fine metalwork. A combination of process and equipment use is used.

In the present invention, cracks in mammoth tusks are removed using advanced curing methods and stabilization treatments. By adopting the law, it has been overcome. In addition, in the present invention, cracks in inlaid precious stones are precious metals so that their individual constituent materials do not exert pressure on each other due to expansion or contraction. This problem can be overcome by assembling metalwork. Carefully select adhesive and assemble We divide the process into several stages and use advanced methods for curing and stabilization. This solves the problem of separation and incomplete bonding of constituent materials. .

Brief description of the drawing A detailed description of selected embodiments will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. do.

Figure 1 shows the mammoth tusk raw material before stabilization treatment.

FIG. 2 shows a mammoth tusk cut into slabs according to the process of the present invention.

Figure 3 shows a cut slab of mammoth tusk placed on a tray for curing. .

Figure 4 shows a mammoth tusk on a tray placed in a vacuum oven according to the process of the present invention. Showing the slab.

Figure 5: Man after curing immersed in liquid epoxy resin according to the process of the present invention Showing moss tusk pieces.

Figure 6 shows mammoth tusks immersed in liquid epoxy resin according to the process of the present invention. The figure shows a state in which a plurality of trays are housed in a pressure vessel.

Figure 7 shows the mammoth tusk shape being roughly cut before assembly according to the process of the present invention. Show the device.

FIG. 8 shows the process of the present invention, which is arranged in the desired shape and size on the adhesive side of a thin cardboard. It shows mammoth tusk fragments and the precious stones inlaid between the mammoth tusk fragments.

Figure 9 shows a matrix soaked in polymerized epoxy resin in a tray according to the process of the present invention. Showing tusks and inlaid precious stones.

FIG. 10 shows the pressure vessel of FIG. 6 with the lid closed.

Figure 11 shows rough cutting of epoxy resin-impregnated mammoth tusks and precious stones according to the process of the present invention. 8 shows the cutting device of FIG. 7 for cutting and shaping;

Figure 12 shows a rough-hewn mammoth tusk and precious stone composite polished according to the process of the present invention. Shows the abrasive belt for use.

FIG. 13 shows a precious stone and a man made using a Dremel tool according to the process of the present invention. Showing the removal of a shallow section or shallow bed of epoxy between the moss tusks.

Figure 14A shows a gold alloy inserted into a shallow bed from which the epoxy resin has been removed with the tool of Figure 13. The adhesion status of fine gold powder is shown.

Figure 14B shows a gold alloy bonded in a shallow bed with cyanoacrylate according to the present invention. show.

FIG. 15 shows a melting furnace used in the process of making a gold alloy according to the process of the present invention.

Figure 16 is shaped using an extendable drum sanguine according to the process of the present invention; Showing curved combination precious metalwork.

Figure 17 is polished again to remove surface scratches using a gemstone polishing wheel. This shows the combined precious metal work.

FIG. 18 shows a mosaic mammoth tusk precious metal workpiece processed according to the present invention.

゛ As mentioned above, the process of the present invention consists of three parts: stabilization, assembly and finishing. Consists of minutes. The implementation of this process step uses several equipment with special standard equipment. will be carried out.

The stabilization process removes moisture from the mammoth tusk raw material and replaces this moisture. It consists of three steps in which a durable replacement material is inserted. The action of preventing metastasis, limiting expansion and contraction, and preventing discoloration. There is.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the slow cured mammoth tusk raw material 1 is 5 into slabs 3. The slab exceeds a thickness of almost 3 cm This will be explained later with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. This is done to allow proper pressure impregnation of the mammoth tusk during the next finishing process step. be exposed.

Slow curing of mammoth tusks involves laying the tusks at high altitudes in a dry climate for about two years. It is done by keeping it. Mammoth tusks grow in the highlands of this dry climate. Let the material rest and allow it to dry to some extent before stabilization.

In the second stage of the stabilization process, the slab 3 is first placed on a tray 7 (see Figure 3). A special vacuum oven 9 (Fig. (see 4). In selected embodiments, the vacuum oven It is a Skaloid Duo Bathok TM oven manufactured by Elch, and the vacuum pump 11 is 0822-VIO3-G271X Ponbutial manufactured by Gust.

Slab 3 is placed in oven 9 to maintain a temperature of approximately 65° C. for 6 days.

Oven 9 heats the material, while vacuum pump 11 removes all moisture at full atmospheric pressure. suck it out.

The material cured in this way is cooled in an airtight chamber of a vacuum oven. Pressure impregnation must be carried out immediately before moisture enters.

In the third stage of the stabilization process (pressure impregnation), the mammoth tusk raw material is placed in tray 13. (FIGS. 5 and 6), and liquid epoxy resin 15 is poured into this tray. Selection In an alternative example, 83HA4 polymeric epoxy from Industrial Formulator, Inc. resin was used. The closed cell structure of the mammoth tusk prevents moisture from entering afterwards. The epoxy resin must completely penetrate inside. Therefore, bespoke pressure A container 17 is used. Contains a mammoth tusk soaked in liquid epoxy resin. Several trays 13 are stacked in a vertical holder and placed inside the pressure vessel 17. It can be done. The container 17 is sealed by a lid Z1 and equipped with a vacuum pump (not shown). ) removes all air in the container 17 until atmospheric pressure is reached. and this state To maintain this, valve 23 is closed. The next step is from container 27 to container 17. by opening another valve 25 that can send 2000 ps i of nitrogen. . By supplying nitrogen into the pressure vessel 17, liquid epoxy is applied to the entire mammoth tooth piece 3. The resin 15 is infiltrated under pressure. Leave mammoth tooth piece 3 in this state for 24 hours. and cured.

In selected embodiments, the pressure vessel 17 is custom made by Sureweld Industries, Inc. It is a quality product.

The second processing step corresponds to assembly in the present invention, in which the mammoth tusks and precious stones are assembled. This step also requires 3 steps to ensure assembly to avoid cracking or separation of joints. It is divided into two sub-processes.

Referring to FIG. 7, the mammoth tusk raw material piece 3 is cut into a desired shape by a cutting device 29. It is cut into.

In FIG. 8, the stabilized mammoth tooth piece 3 (as shown in FIG. (after being cut) thin cardboard according to the predetermined shape, dimensions and arrangement desired by the designer Placed on top of 30. Next, a precious stone 31 is inserted between the mammoth tooth pieces 3. Ensure that there is sufficient room for expansion between the image components. Mammoth tusk 3 and precious stone 3 1 is placed on the adhesive part 33 of thin cardboard. The next step in the assembly process is to The combination material of moss tusks and precious stones (hereinafter, this combination piece will be referred to as composite piece 35) is a tray. 13 and soaked in liquid epoxy resin 15 (Figure 9), for pressure vessel 17 bay. and then pressure impregnated again (see Figure 10).

Suitable types of precious stones include turquoise and sugulite.

Riyo manganese ore, ammonite TM, amber, striped agate, chrysocolla, hole There are sparrow, blue malachite, coral, and labyrinth lazuli.

The final step in the assembly process is the cutting device 29 (Figure 11) and the polishing belt (Figure 12). The process begins with rough cutting and polishing of the composite piece 35, which is performed using a . Both sides of each composite piece 35 In the epoxy resin shallow section or shallow bed 37 is shown in FIG. The Dremel tool 39 is used to remove the stone from between the precious stone and the mammoth tusk.

Gold alloy fine powder is fitted into this bed 37, and the reference number 41 is given in FIG. 14B. This fine powder is fixed to the floor using cyanoacrylate. This gold alloy and cyanoacrylic A shallow bed of 41" is essential to avoid cracking and separation of the stones. Ru.

If this part is too deep, the pressure on the stone will increase and the The surface holding power of the epoxy resin decreases. The maximum depth of the shallow floor is 2mm, The depth of the small part is 2 mm.

In selected embodiments, the gold alloy is a metal compound manufactured by Imperial Smelting. (Ultra Gold #1). This gold alloy is melted in a melting furnace 43. milled into a bar and then equipped with a titanium cutting tool (not shown) It is ground into a fine powder by a disk (not shown).

The finishing process of the present invention is also carried out in three stages, and its purpose is to It gives the final shape to the item and gives it a natural shine.

In the first stage, the assembled composite pieces 35 are wetted with an extendable drum sander 45. Polished to remove protrusions and rough edges to finalize the finished shape of the precious metal piece. given curvature. The working order of wet polishing is first 180g, then 400g. using a 600-grit silicon carbide abrasive belt 46. Then, polish the workpiece 35 to the desired luster.

In a selected embodiment, the extendable drum sander 45 is a model BA82 manufactured by Rotone. be.

Next, after removing surface abrasions and scratches, the crafted item 35 is polished again to ensure precision. is polished, here starting with 400 grit, then 600 grit, and then finishing with 400 grit. Gem polishing wheel 47 and diamond impregnated pad later finished with 1200 grit Use. In selected embodiments, the gemstone polishing wheel is a Gryhon Lavida Refinishing wheel. The shop system was used.

In the final stage, the workpiece 35 is polished to approximately 40,000 grit cerium oxide. Suede pads coated with lifting compound (not shown) Polished to a brilliant luster using a gemstone polishing wheel 47 with . Using this equipment, crafted items are given a mirror finish. Finished precious metal work , shown in FIG. 18 for reference.

The precious metal workpiece 35 according to the present invention has high strength, has no cracks in the mammoth tusk, The inlaid precious stones also have the special feature that there are no cracks, and the joints between the constituent materials do not separate. It has certain symptoms.

Note that other embodiments and modifications of the present invention are possible.

For example, various construction materials other than those mentioned above (e.g. different precious stones) can also be used. However, vacuum ovens and vacuum equipment of different designs and manufactures are available, as well as assembly of crafted items. There may also be variations in the finishing process. All such modifications and variations shall be subject to the foregoing. It is intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

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Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. A method of manufacturing a mammoth tusk precious metal work, comprising the following steps: (a) Slowly curing the mammoth tusk raw material to make the mammoth tusk raw material and (b) cutting the mammoth tusk raw material into small pieces. floor and (c) Cure the mammoth tusk pieces by heating them in a vacuum oven. a step of removing water from the ring; (d) Immediately remove said pieces with suitable material to prevent moisture from entering said pieces. (e) inserting precious stones between the small pieces to form a composite piece; and, (f) Pressure impregnate the composite piece again with the impregnating material to form the precious stone and mammoth tusk. (g) preventing cracking and separation of the precious stone and mammoth tusk pieces; In order to (h) forming a shallow bed to give an aesthetic appearance to said composite piece; inserting fine gold alloy powder into the (i) finishing said composite piece to give it a final shape and polished appearance; stages and Mammoth tusk precious metal manufacturing method consisting of. 2. The slow curing step includes curing the mammogram at low humidity for a predetermined period of time. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising storing the raw material for tooth tusk. 3. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein said predetermined period of time is approximately two years. 4. The process of cutting the mammoth tusk raw material into small pieces approximately 3 centimeters thick. Claim 1 comprising cutting the mammoth tusk raw material into slabs that do not exceed Manufacturing method described. 5. The step of re-curing the mammoth tusk raw material pieces is performed at a total atmospheric pressure of about 6 Heat the pieces in a vacuum oven, maintaining a temperature of approximately 65°C for days; 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising cooling the after-cut pieces. 6. The step of pressure impregnating a small piece of the mammoth raw material is first infiltrated with liquid epoxy resin. The small piece is then placed in a pressure vessel soaked in liquid epoxy resin. , then evacuate the pressure vessel until it reaches atmospheric pressure, and then pump the pressure vessel up to Pump nitrogen at 2000 psi and finally leave the nitrogen in the groove for about 24 hours. 2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, which comprises leaving the raw material stationary in a pressure vessel. 7. The step of inserting the precious stones between predetermined pieces of the small pieces Place the small pieces on a thin pole paper with precious stones inlaid between the pieces. 2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, which comprises placing. 8. The step of removing the impregnating material portion between the precious stone and the mammoth tusk piece is performed by draining. The method of claim 1, comprising carving said shallow bed into an impregnated material using merul. . 9. Before removing the impregnating material from between the precious stone and the mammoth tusk piece, 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising roughening and polishing the composite material. 10. The step of inserting the gold alloy fine powder into a shallow bed includes the step of inserting the gold alloy fine powder into a shallow bed. 2. The method according to claim 1, which comprises depositing the fine powder on a shallow bed and causing it to adhere to the surface. 11. The finishing process of said composite piece involves the following steps: (i) shaping and curving the composite and removing protrusions and rough edges; To do this, first use 180 grit, then 400 grit, and finally 600 grit. using an extendable drum sander with a silicon carbide abrasive belt. Wet polishing step; (ii) Started with 400 grit, then 600 grit, and finally 1200 grit. The composite was polished using a gemstone polishing wheel equipped with a diamond-impregnated pad. A step of further polishing the material, and (iii) approximately 40,000 grit cerium oxide polishing compound; 3. Jewelry polishing wheel with suede pad that is coated with further polishing the composite material using The manufacturing method according to claim 1, further comprising each step. 12. Any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 to 11 Mammoth tusk precious metal work manufactured according to the manufacturing method described in . 13. Mammoth tusk pieces combined with precious stones in epoxy resin and between the plurality of mammoth tusk pieces and the plurality of precious stones, respectively, in the epoxy resin. Composite precious metal work made of inlaid gold. 14. The composite noble metal according to claim 13, wherein the epoxy resin is a polymerized epoxy resin. Crafted items. 15. A claim in which the gold is inlaid into a shallow bed from which the epoxy resin has been removed. Composite precious metal work according to item 14. 16. Claim: The gold alloy fine powder is fixed to the shallow bed with cyanoacrylate. 15. Composite precious metal workpiece described in 15.