JPH07500898A - Plate heat exchanger and its assembly method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns the production of a plate-type heat exchanger in which a bundle (1) of heat exchange plates, between which two fluids circulate, consists of a stack of pairs (2) of plates (3, 3') provided with corrugations and welded together at their lateral edges (5, 5'). Closed conduits (6) are formed for a first heat exchange fluid, said conduits extending longitudinally from one end of the bundle (1) to the other, while gaps between two pairs (2) of adjacent plates (3, 3') contacting each other by means of the outer ridges (7) of the corrugations form open conduits (8) for a second heat exchange fluid.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Plate heat exchanger The present invention relates to the structure of a plate heat exchanger.

Generally speaking, plate heat exchangers support each other by the tops of each corrugation. Heat exchange on each side of the corrugated plates arranged in parallel relationship so that It differs from a tube heat exchanger in that the receiving fluid flows in the longitudinal direction.

For example, French Patent No. 2,471,569 or French Patent Application No. 8,81 As disclosed in US Pat. No. 3,883, this type of plate heat exchanger is parallel flat plates made of thin metal sheets, in some cases stainless steel It has a laminated body of rate. These heat exchange plates are It is suitable for heat transfer across each plate between fluids. longitudinally from one end of the heat exchanger to the other, creating an undesirable perturbed movement. wave that serves to form a flow of fluid in a direction (usually in countercurrent flow to each other) It has a shape body. At the longitudinal edges of these plates, the plates have two A spacer constituting a spacer member that maintains the distance between two consecutively juxtaposed plates. Welded together by trips or frames.

The stack of plates should be of relatively sufficient thickness to transfer the weight of this stack to the support. It is surrounded by two metal sheets.

In accordance with the prior art, the strips are continuous along the entire length of the flat side edge of the plate. They are placed consecutively. The thickness of this strip is the thin metal that makes up the plate. The sheets do not form passageways for the flow of heat exchange fluid between two successive plates. However, the thickness of the corrugated bodies that are opposed to each other is balanced.

Such a stack structure is particularly difficult to apply in practice. In addition, This is because welding operations are performed at substantially different thicknesses of the materials being contacted. is the reaction between the strip and the thin metal sheet as a result of the difference in thermal inertia. resulting in force and crack formation.

First, the present invention is easy to assemble and light in weight, and solves the above-mentioned problems. The target is the structure of the laminate. The present invention provides the laminate with the highest pressure flow. Traditionally placed inside an enclosure provided to receive and contain the body. It is positioned in a technological background.

According to a main feature, the invention comprises corrugated bodies which are paired by welding on each side edge. consisting of a laminate of pairs of plates joined to each other with one end of the laminate forming a closed fluid passage for the first heat exchange fluid in the longitudinal direction from one end to the other end; the space between two pairs of adjacent plates that are in contact by the outer peaks of the corrugations of the are alternately arranged to form open fluid passages for the second heat exchange fluid; This second fluid is selectively admitted to fill the outer enclosure containing the laminate. It is distinguished by the fact that

The invention makes it possible to dispense with intermediate strips between the side edge plates. This not only results in a considerable weight reduction of the laminate as a whole, but above all heat strips resulting in stress and crack formation as a result of differences in inertia. and the thin plate at substantially different thicknesses of the material to be welded. making it possible to avoid the inevitable consequences of welding operations that are carried out.

According to the present invention, only one of the two passages is closed to seal. Steps are taken. In fact, the first welding step consists of the sides of the plates being pressed together. The purpose is to weld the edges in pairs, preferably without fillers. In this way, each program Rate pairs provide passageways for longitudinal fluid flow from one end of the laminate to the other. form.

The present invention also provides a pressure-resistant outer enclosure in which a stack of heat exchange plates is disposed. Targets the structure of rate type heat exchangers. The heat exchanger according to the invention comprises a plate at the stage of the intervening strips that join together and form a population and an outlet for the fluid. , for introducing and discharging a heat exchange fluid between the outside of the enclosure and the end of the laminate. have the means to their advantage.

As will become apparent, said inlet and outlet means are preferably open fluid passages. A second fluid flowing therein is disposed to fill the outer enclosure. This second stream The body is preferred to avoid the need to provide pressure transfer elements to the laminate. Alternatively, it may be a high-pressure fluid. The resistance of the laminate is increased by the high pressure fluid filling the enclosure. , preferably the pressure drop to which the fluid is subjected as it passes through the stack. secured against the current.

The construction described here requires little work involving welding along the side edges of the entire laminate. is not required either. Furthermore, in other embodiments, the structure also has different widths. Enclosures (usually cylindrical) allow for the construction of plate stacks from pairs of plates with This makes it possible to ensure a higher volume filling of the shell (shaped shell). therefore, Better heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger is obtained for a given volume.

On the one hand, for the purpose of facilitating the assembly of the heat exchanger, and on the other hand, the longitudinal direction of the laminate For the purpose of guiding the second fluid in the direction, the stack is preferably open at both longitudinal ends. It is surrounded by a substantially parallelepiped-shaped casing which has an opening.

According to the invention, the casing is not required to ensure pressure transmission. It has a particularly simple structure. Advantageously, the flow within the open passage and within the volume of the enclosure is The high pressure of the second fluid eliminates the need to use elements for transmitting those pressures. Ru.

In another embodiment of the invention, the casing has the same length as the plate. Two side plates each having a width slightly larger than the height of the laminate. replaced by the plate. These side plates are located within the open passages of the laminate. In addition to having the function of guiding the second fluid, this laminate is also used as an inflow and discharge means. It has the function of holding prior to bonding. Positioning of the laminate inside the enclosure Attach these side plates to each other at the side edges of the side plates. This can be done by means such as tie rods or other suitable means.

Another method that eliminates the need to hold the laminate prior to joining with the inflow and outflow means In other embodiments, a larger cross-section, e.g. within a cylindrical enclosure. As can be the case with variable width laminates that are intended to occupy a volume, the laminate is is placed directly within the container and held only by being placed under pressure by a high-pressure second fluid. It will be done.

To allow the formation of fluid flow within the laminate from both ends, the laminate is advantageously so as to define passageways for fluid access at the inlet and outlet of the laminate. , the fluid passages, which are laterally closed, open at the ends into the central part, and this On the contrary, a second fluid flow between two juxtaposed laterally welded pairs of plates Make sure that the open passage for the The intervening strips are arranged in such a way as to keep the longitudinal ends of the laminate It is prepared in the department. Conversely, in the two side regions on each side of the central region, 1. Closing the fluid passage as opposed to leaving the passage for the fluid open in (2) An interposer strip is provided for this purpose. In this case, in the lateral area The strip used to occlude each fluid passageway to be occluded is Opposed to the side edges of the plate so that it can be easily welded against leakage weld connections It is often advantageous to ensure that the edges are beveled.

When looking at the edges of the laminate, there are therefore continuous, transverse, alternating parts of the laminate. A central strip and two side strips can be seen. However, advantageously the center Can be adapted to overlap from one passage to the other along the edge of the area . an interior surface constituting means for admitting and discharging a first fluid, as will be described later; The header is welded to the strip in the region of the overlap by a connection port.

It should be noted that welding at this stage is different from the prior art with side strips. It does not present any of the problems encountered in other countries. In fact, relatively thick enough Advantageously, the strip has a sufficiently short length along the thin sheet to be welded. have. In addition, welding operations are compared to the thin sheets that make up the plates. It includes a thick Heragu wall.

The means for inflowing and discharging the first fluid between the outside of the enclosure and the end of the laminate is according to the present invention. Advantageously, according to the invention, at each longitudinal end of the laminate, side strips and and welded by the longitudinal edges to the area of overlap of the central strips. and the inner welded by the transverse edges to the outer plate of the laminate. The connection between a side connection and this inner connection and the exterior of the enclosure that it traverses. It consists of an inner header passage formed by an inner duct giving a

The means for discharging the second heat exchange fluid is advantageously located at the end of the casing along the edge. an outer connecting port welded to the inner side constituting a means for inflowing the first fluid; The outer side that is coaxial with the inner duct of the header and connects between the outer connection port and the outside of the enclosure. It consists of an outer header passage formed by a duct.

The connection port is preferably provided in a semi-cylindrical shape and is a connection for inflow of the first fluid. The port is arranged inside the connection port for evacuation of the second fluid.

The means for introducing the second fluid is structurally similar to the means for discharging the second fluid. but advantageously an enclosure provided to provide resistance to high pressures at the same time. so that the second fluid at high pressure can freely and appropriately enter the laminate while filling the It consists of a simple orifice in an enclosure.

The invention also relates to a method of assembling a plate heat exchanger comprising: .

During the welding stage of layer 1, the side edges of the plates that are pressed together are paired. welding preferably without filler, - the pairs of plates thus formed are overlapped by each outer corrugation; The stack of plates is preferably stacked in close relationship and in contact with each other. is held in a parallelepiped-shaped casing that is open at both ends; - At each end of the laminate, an intervening strip defining a passage for fluid is placed at each end of said laminate; be placed in - in a second welding stage weld the strip ends and the lateral edges of the plate; and at the same time welding the inner connection port to the overlapping area of the strips, In the welding stage of one layer 3, one or more outer connections surround the laminate. be welded to the end of the casing.

The following will help you gain a better understanding of the essential features and advantages of the present invention. However, we have selected only examples without including any limitations so as to be readily apparent. The individual embodiments disclosed will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows that the plates of the plate stack of the plate heat exchanger according to the present invention are corrugated. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a region including a shaped body.

FIG. 2 shows one longitudinal end of a stack of plates of a plate heat exchanger according to the present invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity.

FIG. 3 is a partially exploded perspective view of a plate heat exchanger according to the invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another embodiment of the plate heat exchanger according to the present invention. be.

FIG. 5 is a partially schematic perspective view of a plate heat exchanger according to the invention.

All these drawings are not to scale for clarity and are The drawing is schematic. Also, for further clarity, the same configuration in different drawings Parts are designated with the same reference numerals.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a stack 1 of heat exchange plates according to the invention consists of two pairs of plates 3,3°. 8 pairs of these plates 3, 3' 2 is made by overlapping two thin metal sheets that make up these plates 3.3°. These plates 3, 3' are formed as follows. ' are opposed to each other by the inner peaks 4 of the corrugations. These wavy bodies are of a heat exchange fluid flowing between two adjacent plates 3.3' forming a pair of parts. It constitutes a means for forming a flow. Furthermore, the plates 3, 3' have a corrugated shape. It has a frame with a smooth surface without a body. With this frame, pair 2 The two constituent plates 3.3' are in particular the plates 3.3' that are pressed against each other. 3' can be welded together without the addition of any filler along each side edge 5, 5'. .

The pair 2 of plates 3, 3' formed in this way extends from one end of the laminate l to the other. forming a closed passage 6 for longitudinal flow of the first heat exchange fluid towards the end; ing.

The pairs 2 of these plates 3, 3' are then stacked one on top of the other and the plates Between two pairs of adjacent plates in contact by the outer peaks 7 of the corrugations 3, 3' The space forms an open passageway 8 through which the second heat exchange fluid is to flow.

In the example described, the laminate 1 then consists of a simple parallel hexagonal opening at both ends. It is held within a face piece-shaped casing 9. This casing 9 is opened on the one hand. It is intended to guide the second heat exchange fluid in the discharge passage 8 and on the other hand has a secondary function. placed under pressure in an enclosure 10 (Fig. 5) provided to withstand fluid pressure as The user is attempting to hold the laminate 1 in a predetermined position until it is removed.

In the heat exchanger, the fluid flowing in the closed passage 6 is preferably a low pressure fluid. or at least an enclosure (usually cylindrical) containing a stack 1 of plates 3°3' It is a fluid that does not fill the shell). In fact, fluids with such high pressure can be seen later. As it flows through the open passage 8 while filling the enclosure 10 at the same time, the casing 9 therefore there is no need to transmit pressure.

Heat exchange plates) 3, 3' at both ends of the laminate l, as shown in Figure 2. An interposer strip 11.12 is provided in place. These strips 1 1.12 are the inlet and outlet of the stacked body 1, in other words, the connecting ports (co-ports) of the fluid passages 6 and 8. Connecting Box) 13. Define the fluid path at the connection point to 14 (Figure 3). It plays the role of Then the ends of the strips 11.12 and the plate 3 ．． The welding of the lateral edges 15, 15' of the smooth surface of 3' is the inner side for the first fluid. This can be done at the same time as the welding of the connection ports 13, 16 (FIG. 5).

In this heat exchanger, as shown in FIG. 5, the low pressure first heat exchange fluid ( The upper end of the heat exchanger in the inner header 18 (collecting the high pressure second heat exchange fluid) An inner header 18 (outer The entire stack 1 is suspended from the cylindrical shell 10 by headers 17). heat exchange At the lowest part of the exchanger, a shell 10 which is provided to withstand high pressure is simultaneously While the first fluid at full and low pressure exits the stack 1 through the inner header 19 , the high pressure second fluid freely enters the stack 1.

These headers 17, 18, 19 are arranged from the outside of the enclosure 10 toward the end of the laminate 1. It constitutes means for inflowing and discharging heat exchange fluid.

Each inner header passage 18,19 has an inner connecting port 13,1 which generally has a semi-cylindrical shape. ．． 6 and an inner duct connecting between this inner connection port 13.16 and the outside of the enclosure 10. 20 and 21.

The outer header passage 17 includes an outer connecting port 14 which generally has a semi-cylindrical shape, and an outer connecting port 14 having a generally semi-cylindrical shape. It is composed of an outer duct 22 that connects the connection port 14 and the outside of the enclosure 10. The inner duct 20 and the outer duct 22 are coaxial.

closed laterally during the step of welding plate 3 onto plate 3'. The passages 6 are open at the ends of the central region 23 and at the top and bottom of the stack l. In the two side regions 24.25 on each side of the central region 23 in both the lower part is closed by a strip 11. Plate 3,3゛ welded laterally The open passageway 8 formed for the second fluid between the two juxtaposed pairs 2 of On the contrary, it ensures that the passage 8 does not communicate with the inner header 18.19. It is closed by the strip 12 in the central region 23. two sides In the region 24.25 a strip 11 is arranged which closes the first fluid passage 6. and the second fluid passage 8 is connected to an outer header 17 or similar at its upper end. in communication with the guiding means or directly with the inner space of the lowermost enclosure 10 of the stack I. It remains open for communication.

With the strips If, 12 in place, these strips 11 ．． 12 correspondingly those strips If for the two edges of the central region 23; In the area of 12 overlapping parts 30 and in the lateral edges of the two outer plates of laminate l These plates 3, 3 while welding the inner connection ports 13.16 in the central region 23 At the same time, it is welded to the side edge of ゛.

In the end, the last welding step is performed externally to the edge of the casing 9 surrounding the laminate 1. It is constructed by welding the connecting port 17.

Another embodiment, shown in Figure 4, is a cylindrical shell forming the outer enclosure of the heat exchanger. Figure 2 shows the best volumetric filling that can be obtained by the present invention within a single cell. In this case In this case, the stack 27 is composed of plates 28 having different widths.

As shown in this figure, the stepped cross section of the laminate 27 is formed between the plates 28. the plates so that the fluid passages for the second fluid can remain open. This is made possible by configuring the stack 27 in the form of 28 juxtaposed pairs.

However, the present invention naturally extends to the preferred embodiments given through examples in the foregoing. It will be understood that the invention is not limited in any respect to the new embodiments. . On the contrary, it is clear that the invention extends to many other alternative embodiments. It is. In particular, along the longitudinal direction of the pair of plates to be welded, placed between two adjacent pairs to reduce vibration caused by but not welded. It may be useful to add additional side spacer members.

Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 international search report International Search Report PCT/FR92100804ρCT/FR92100804

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Consisting of corrugated plates supported each other by the top of each corrugated body In a plate heat exchanger having a heat exchange laminate, The plates (3, 3') have a first and a second plate between them. from the upper end of said laminate (1) to form a fluid passage for the heat exchange fluid of Welded in pairs at the side edges of the plates (3, 3') longitudinally to the lower end. The passageway is arranged at each intersection within the outer enclosure (10) containing the laminate (1). are mutually closed (6) and open (8), and the plates (3, 3') are by means of intervening strips (11, 12) forming inlets and outlets for said fluid; The heat exchanger is coupled to an end of the laminate (1), and the heat exchanger is connected to the closed passageway. (6) and an inner duct (20) for guiding said fluid through said outer enclosure (10). the upper end of the laminate (1) so as to guide the flow of the first heat exchange fluid between the at least one connection port welded to the insert strip (11, 12) at the A plate heat exchanger characterized by having: 2. Each of the blocked fluid passages (6) constitutes an access port to the blocked fluid passage (6). two intervening strips on each side of the central region (23) that stop the flow at each end. (11) at two longitudinal ends of the closed fluid passageway (6). Also, each open fluid passageway (8) stops the flow at each end of the central region (23). an intervening strip (12) at the two longitudinal ends of the open fluid passageway (8). 2. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, further comprising: 3. The length of the insertion strips (11, 12) is the same as that of the insertion strips (11, 12). , 12) at the edge of said central region (23). characterized by a length such that there is an overlapping area from one passage to the other passage; A plate heat exchanger according to claim 2. 4. of two adjacent plates constituting the pair (2) of said plates (3, 3'); The side edges (5, 5') are pressed together and welded preferably without filler. The plate-shaped heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: exchanger. 5. a second heat exchange fluid that is open at both ends and in said open passageway (8); a casing (9) that surrounds the laminate (1) so as to laterally guide the laminate (1); A plate-type heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: . 6. Said laminate (27) allows filling more than the volume of the outer enclosure (10). The enclosure consists of a pair of plates (28) of different widths, said enclosure being a cylindrical shell. Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Plate heat exchanger. 7. on each side of the laminate (1) opposite the side edges of the plates (3, 3'). , guiding the second heat exchange fluid longitudinally from one end of the stack (1) to the other end. and has substantially the same length as the length of the plate (3, 3') so as to has two side plates having substantially the same height as the height of the laminate (1). The plate-type heat exchanger according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: 8. for the first heat exchange fluid to be caused to flow within the closed passageway (6); The connection port (13) is generally semi-cylindrical in shape and has a weight according to claim 3. The outside of the strips (11, 12) and the laminate (1) in multiple regions Claims 1 to 3 are characterized in that the boundary plate is welded to the lateral edge of the boundary plate. 7. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of 7. 9. The connection port (13) is located in front of the heat exchange laminate (1) together with the duct (20). an inner header passage (18) for allowing the first fluid to flow into the closed passage (6); and a similar header path (19) connects said first passage from said enclosure (10). The lower end of the laminate (1) is provided for discharging the fluid of (1). A plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 10. The heat exchanger is configured to allow a second heat transfer to flow through the open passageway (8). The casing is preferably generally semi-cylindrical in shape and for evacuation of the fluid. an outer connection port (14) welded to the open end of the ring (9); an exterior with an exterior duct (22) connecting the mouth (14) and the exterior of the enclosure (10); Any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that it comprises a header path (17). Plate heat exchanger described in . 11. The inner header (18) for the inflow of the first fluid contained within said outer header (17) for body evacuation; A claim characterized in that the holder (17) is disposed at the upper end of the laminate (1). The plate heat exchanger according to item 10. 12. The means for introducing the second fluid into the enclosure ( 10) so that said second fluid simultaneously enters its enclosure (10). 9 . The laminate ( 1 ) flows freely into the laminate ( 1 ) while satisfying the . 12. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of items 1 to 11. 13. - in the first stage, the side edges of the plates (3'3') are pressed together; welding the parts (5, 5') in pairs, preferably without the addition of fillers, - Pair (2) of plates (3, 3') thus formed in superimposed relationship are laminated, and this laminated body is placed inside a parallelepiped-shaped casing (9) that is open at both ends. be placed in - at the ends of the passages (6, 8) formed by said laminate at both ends of said laminate; Interposer strips (11, 12) provided to form passages for fluids ), - in a second welding step, said strips (11, 12) and the sides of said plate; The edges (15, 15') are welded together, and the inner connecting ports (13, 16) are connected to the strips. welding to the overlapping region of (11,12), - in a third welding step, A casing surrounding said laminate (1) with at least one outer connection port (14) (9) Welding to one end portion of claim 1 or is described in claim 12 and has a laminate of plates according to claim 4. How to assemble the converter.