JPH0747499Y2 - Shield machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a so-called multi-faced shield machine capable of simultaneously excavating multiple tunnels having partially overlapping cross-sections.

[Prior Art] A shield machine (closed type) is a cylindrical cylinder called a shield (shield) that prevents the collapse of the soil wall, a shield jack for advancing, and a solid rock in front of the shield ( Face part) is composed mainly of a cutter for scraping.

The multi-faced shield machine, which has been attracting attention in recent years, has a shield having a cross section of two or more circles and a plurality of cutters. Since it is possible to excavate a tunnel (circle) of circles, it is extremely effective when forming a large space underground such as a double-track railway tunnel or a station / road.

The multi-face shield machine has already been disclosed in JP-A-62-178693 and JP-A-2-18594. Each of them is characterized by the shape and arrangement of the cutter and the drive system, but each of them has only a plurality of rotary cutters, and the front view is as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in the figure, for example, in the case of a triple shield machine, the rotary cutters 10 ', 20', 30 'are displaced forward and backward (the cutter 30' is slightly rearward in the figure) in the operating range ( Rotating circles) are partly overlapped and arranged in parallel in front of the excavator. Cutter 10 '・ 2
0 '・ 30' is a large number of cutter bits 11 '・ 2
Since it has 1 '・ 31' and both are driven to rotate by a driving device (not shown), a tunnel with a cross section of three circles is excavated like the outer shape of this machine (that is, the shape of the shield). To be done.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] The conventional shield machine as shown in FIG. 3 has a cutter 1
Although there is a part where the operating range overlaps between 0 'and 30' and between the cutters 20 'and 30', each of the cutters 10 ', 20' and 30 'as constituent elements has a 360 ° angle. It operates in a range and has high excavation ability even if it is independent of each other without the overlapping portion. This is nothing but the structural waste of the conventional excavator from the following viewpoints. That is, (a) In the part where the operation ranges overlap in the example of Fig. 3, the left and right cutters 10 ', 20' at the frontmost part of the excavator take charge of excavation, so the cutter 30 'in the center is the excavation area. That is, the amount of work is about half of the other amount, but nevertheless, the cutter 30 'needs to have almost the same amount of movement (speed and distance) as the others. That is, the cutter 30 '
In comparison with the work amount, the mechanical parts such as the driving device, the bearing and the sealing device are worn more severely, and the power loss is not preferable.

B) Cutter bit 31 attached to the cutter 30 '
For about half of the total operating time is hidden behind the cutters 10 ', 20' and does not contribute to excavation. In other words, even if a large number of bits 31 are deployed, the rate at which they operate effectively is low.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned waste by constructing a shield machine in consideration of overlapping of operating ranges between cutters.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the shield machine of the present invention, each of the rotary cutters is provided at a middle portion of the diameter (that is, a portion between the outer edge portion and the central portion of the rotary cutter). It is integrated with the rear annular drum via a plurality of support beams, supports the bearing at the drum part and is connected to the drive means, and is also located at an intermediate position between two adjacent rotary cutters and slightly behind each rotary cutter. An oscillating cutter that oscillates (reciprocally rotates) in both forward and reverse directions is provided so that the cutter arm is located on the side of the support beam (that is, the side perpendicular to the traveling direction).

[Operation] In the shield machine of the present invention, the oscillating cutter is responsible for excavating a portion where the work amount (excavation area) is inevitably reduced by being sandwiched between two adjacent rotary cutters. Centering the direction perpendicular to the line connecting the center points of the two rotary cutters, and setting the swing range so that they do not overlap the operating range as much as possible, the amount of movement of the swing cutter will be the work amount. It will be as small as possible, reducing wear and power loss of machine parts. Further, if the swing type cutter is formed as a cutter arm having a small area such as a straight line / bar shape (see FIG. 1) or a fan shape (see FIG. 2), the number of cutter bits arranged along this can be reduced. However, even in that case, since the rocking cutter almost always contributes to excavation in the above rocking range,
Excavation performance in that range is not bad. In other words, the shield excavator of the invention is constructed so that unnecessary equipment is omitted and unnecessary movement is taken into consideration in consideration of overlapping operating ranges between cutters, and the desired excavation capacity is efficiently achieved. Can be demonstrated.

The oscillating cutter does not have a higher excavating capacity than the rotary cutter, but according to the present invention, when it is arranged in the middle of the two rotary cutters and slightly offset from the rear of the rotary cutters. To demonstrate sufficient drilling performance. This is because the remaining ground in the middle part where the two rotary cutters excavate the tunnel in parallel has a small excavation range and can be easily excavated by the rocking cutter.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows an outline of a shield machine 1 which is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a front view of the machine 1 and FIG. It is b sectional drawing.

As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the excavator 1 has three cutters 10, 20 and 30 on the front surface of a cylindrical shield 2 that prevents collapse of the earth wall, and a partition wall 4 and a chamber 5 at the front part. At the inner rear part of the shield 2 which is partitioned, the shield jack 3, the cutter drive device 16, 26, 36, the water supply pipe / drainage pipe (not shown), the screw conveyor (the same), the segment erector (the same), etc. are provided. There is. If you push the jack 3 against the segment a of the already constructed tunnel wall and drive the cutters 10, 20 and 30 while gaining propulsive force, the action of the cutter bits 11, 21 and 31 will advance the excavation of the tunnel to the natural ground. You can

This excavator 1 is for excavating, so to speak, three tunnels of a cross section in which three circles overlap each other, and cutters 10, 20, 30 are on the front as shown in Fig. 1 (a). A cylindrical shield 2 having a cross section of a triple circle is formed along the contours of the shields 2. Hereinafter, these cutters 10, 20, 30 will be described.

The two cutters 10 and 20 on both ends are of the rotary type, and each is formed as a disk-shaped rotating body, and a large number of cutter bits 11 and 21 that are parts that directly scrape the earth wall are arranged radially on the front surface. It also has slits 12 and 22 along them for the intake of earth and sand into the chamber 5. As shown in Fig. 1 (b), the cutters 10 and 20 each have a plurality of support beams 13 provided in the middle part of the diameter.
・ It is integrated with annular drums 14 ・ 24 by sandwiching 23, and these drums 14 ・ 24 are rotatably assembled to the body of excavator 1 via bearings 15 ・ 25, and the gears (Fig. (Not shown) is connected to the motor-equipped drive unit 16/26. When the drive units 16 and 26 are activated, the drums 14 and 24
Along with that, the cutters 10 and 20 rotate respectively.

While the above rotary cutters 10 and 20 are arranged in parallel at a slight interval as shown in Fig. 1 (a),
The cutter 30 arranged at the intermediate position is of a swing type. That is, the cutter 30 is provided with a plurality of cutter bits 31 on the front surface of a linear cutter arm, and exhibits excavability by the movement of the bits 31 accompanying the swing of the arms.
As shown in FIG. 2B, the cutter 30 is provided slightly rearward of them so as to avoid contact with the cutters 10 and 20,
The shaft 33 is supported in the bearing box 35, and the gear case
It is connected to the drive unit 36 via a reduction gear (not shown) in the unit 34. The cutter in the drive device 36 is swung within a predetermined angle range by activating the motor in the forward and reverse directions by a predetermined number of rotations. The rocking is the cutter 10 on both sides.
・ Around the direction perpendicular to the line that connects the center points of 20 (left and right direction in Fig. 10 (a)), about ± 35 ° in the plane parallel to the cutters 10 ・ 20 (that is, virtual in Fig. 15 (a)). The range up to the line). To set the swing angle range, the motor in the drive device 36 may be set to, for example, a servo motor or a step motor to control the forward / reverse rotation amount.
A swing angle detection sensor (such as a limit switch) is provided for the 33, and the rotation direction of the motor is switched based on the detection signal. This is because an inexpensive general-purpose motor can be used.

The excavator 1 has the following merits because the cutter 30 in the central portion is a swing type. That is, a) cutter
Since the cutter 30 hardly operates in the range where 10 and 20 overlap, the wear of various mechanical parts related to the cutter 30 is small and the life thereof is long. b) The number of cutter bits 31 attached to the cutter 30 is considerably smaller than that in the case where the cutter 30 has a disk shape, but they exhibit sufficient excavability because there is almost no time behind the cutters 10 and 20. . c) Support beams 13 and 23 are cutters as shown
It is in the middle part of the diameter of 10/20, and the cutter is on its side
In relation to the presence of 30 (the cutter arm), within the above swing range, regardless of the rotation of the cutters 10 and 20,
Since the cutter 30 does not come into contact with the support beams 13 and 23, the cutter 30 can be arranged relatively freely with respect to the cutters 10 and 20, and the swing of the cutter 30 can be adjusted.
It is not necessary to synchronize or synchronize with the rotation speed of 10/20.

FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and is a partial front view of a shield machine 101 in which an oscillating cutter 130 between rotary cutters 110 and 120 is formed by a fan-shaped cutter arm. Is. It goes without saying that the excavator 101 also provides the same operation as that of the excavator 1 introduced above.

In the shield machine of the present invention, it goes without saying that a reciprocating actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder can also be used as a drive source for the swing cutter. In this respect, the drive mechanism of the swing cutter can be freely selected. Or it can be simplified, which is an advantage of the device.

[Effects of the Invention] The shield machine of the present invention is efficient in achieving the desired excavation capacity by omitting unnecessary equipment in consideration of duplication of operating ranges between cutters and by constructing not to spend extra motion. The following effects are brought about by exhibiting the above.

1) Wear and power loss of mechanical parts are reduced.

2) The number of cutter bits to be equipped is small.

3) It is easy to avoid contact interference between cutters.

4) For some cutters (that is, swing cutters), the drive mechanism can be freely selected and simplified.

In addition, the shield machine has the following effects.

5) The rotary cutter has a plurality of support beams and an annular drum, and is of a type that is supported and driven through them, so that it is supported and driven only through a single shaft at the center.
As a matter of course, it is higher in rigidity and stronger in strength than the driven type.

6) Since the support beam is provided in the middle of the diameter of the rotary cutter (inside the outer diameter), and the cutter arm of the swingable cutter is arranged at a side position side by side with the support beam, Contact between the cutters is smoothly prevented. This point is the same when the rotary cutters are placed very close to each other, when a relatively large oscillating cutter is placed between them, and when rotation is not synchronized or linked between the cutters. Is.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an outline of a shield machine as an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a front view of the machine (a part of a cutter bit is not shown),
FIG. 11B is a sectional view taken along the line bb in FIG.
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic front view of a shield machine according to another embodiment. On the other hand, FIG. 3 is a front view showing a conventional shield machine. 1 ... Shield excavator, 2 ... Shield, 10/20 ... rotary cutter, 30 ... rocking cutter, 11/21/31 ... cutter bit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A shield machine having a plurality of rotary cutters in parallel, each of which is integrated with a rear annular drum via a plurality of support beams provided in a middle portion of a diameter. Support the bearing at the drum and connect it to the drive means.Make sure that the cutter arm is located on the side of the support beam of each rotary cutter slightly in the middle of the two adjacent rotary cutters. , A shield machine equipped with a swing cutter that swings in both forward and reverse directions.