JPH0746817Y2 - Lubrication device for synchronous mechanism in transmission - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention relates to a lubricating device for a synchronous mechanism in a transmission, which is applied to a friction surface that absorbs a difference in rotational speed.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, in a manual transmission for an automobile, a synchronizing mechanism is used in order to easily and quickly perform a shift by switching meshing of multistage gears provided inside the transmission. The synchronizing mechanism is provided between the sleeve connected to the synchronizing side and the meshing spline formed on the synchronized gear.

As a conventional technique, a three-cone type synchronization mechanism in a gear transmission is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-74915 and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No.
-69826.

An example of the three-cone type synchronization mechanism in the above gear transmission will be outlined with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. Figure 5 shows
It is sectional drawing which shows the 3 cone type synchronizing mechanism in the conventional gear transmission. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a transmission gear, an inside ring, an outside ring, and a block ring on the left side of the prior art synchronizing mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 5, since the synchronizing mechanism is symmetrical with respect to the clutch hub 5, as shown in FIG.
The following description will be given mainly on the left side. The synchronous mechanism main shaft 1 has a first gear for speed change and a second gear 4 fitted rotatably and axially immovably via bearings 3, 3. A clutch hub 5 is fitted to the main shaft 1 via a spline 6 between the transmission gears 2 and 4. Clutch hub 5 is main shaft 1
It rotates together with but does not move in the axial direction. A sleeve 7 is spline-fitted to the outer peripheral teeth of the clutch hub 5 so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and the sleeve 7 is a known shift fork (not shown) that engages with an annular groove 8 formed on the outer periphery. This allows the transmission to be manually switched by operating and moving in the axial direction.

Insert keys 9 are provided between the clutch hub 5 and the sleeve 7 at positions equally divided in the circumferential direction.
Since the insert key 9 is urged radially outward by the annular springs 10 arranged inside both sides of the clutch hub 5, the central mountain portion of the insert key 9 is the sleeve 7.
The sleeve 7 is always engaged with the inner peripheral recessed portion of No. 1 to keep the sleeve 7 in the neutral position. The insert key 9 engages with the block ring 11 at the cutout groove 12 on the outer circumference, so that the clutch hub 5, the insert key 9, the sleeve 7 and the block ring 11 rotate integrally. Dog teeth 13 are formed on the outer periphery of the block ring 11, and the dog teeth 13 can be engaged with the dog teeth 14 of the sleeve 7 by a manual shift operation. Also,
A conical friction surface 15 is formed inside the block ring 11,
Holes 16 are formed in the conical friction surface 15 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

A cone portion 17 having a friction surface 18 is formed at an end portion of the speed change gears 2, 4 on the clutch hub 5 side, a notch portion 19 is formed at a tip end portion of the cone portion 17, and a dog tooth 20 is formed at an outer peripheral portion. Are formed. An inside ring 21 is fitted on the cone portion 17. The inside ring 21 has two internal gears 2, 4
Conical friction surface 22 that pairs with outer friction surface 18 of cone portion 17 of
And the conical friction surface 23 on the outside, and the rib portion on the gear side
The claws 25 are formed on the 24 at equal intervals. Since the claw 25 is engaged with the hole portion 16 formed on the inner surface of the block ring 11, the inside ring 21 eventually becomes the block ring 11,
Together with the insert key 9 and the clutch hub 5, the main shaft 1 is fixed in the rotational direction and integrally rotates. Inside ring 21
An oil groove 26 in the generatrix direction is formed on the outer conical friction surface 23 at the intermediate position of the claw 25.

An outside ring 27 is fitted in the annular space between the inside ring 21 and the block ring 11. A conical friction surface 28 is formed inside the outside ring 27 and is paired with an outer conical friction surface 23 of the inside ring 21.
Further, a conical friction surface 29 is formed on the outer side and is paired with the inner conical friction surface 15 of the block ring 11. Further, a locking claw 30 is formed radially inward on the clutch hub 5 side of the outside ring 27, and the cone portion 17 of the gears 2 and 4 is formed.
Is fitted in the notch 19 of the. Therefore, the speed change gears 2, 4 and the outside ring 27 are fixed in the rotational direction and integrally rotate.

When the transmission is shifted, the insert key 9 aligns the phases of the sleeve 7 and the block ring 11, and the dog teeth 14 of the sleeve 7 push the dog teeth 13 of the block ring 11 to start synchronization. Is.

In order to establish meshing between gear shafts that rotate differently, the warner type transmission synchronization mechanism described above has friction cone friction surfaces 15, 18, 22, 23, 28, 2 between the different rotations in order to establish meshing.
It has a 9, and the friction between the conical surfaces absorbs the difference in rotation to facilitate shifting. With respect to the synchronizing mechanism, there are three relative rotating cone surfaces, that is, a pair of conical friction surfaces. Specifically, the outer conical friction surface 29 of the outside ring 27 and the inner conical friction surface 15 of the block ring 11 are provided.
, A pair of the inner conical friction surface 28 of the outside ring 27 and the outer conical friction surface 23 of the inside ring 21, and a pair of the inner conical friction surface 22 of the inside ring 21 and the outer conical friction surface 18 of the cone portion 17. .

However, when continuously traveling at a certain gear ratio, it is not necessary to absorb the rotation difference, and therefore, the friction surfaces keep rotating with different distances with a minute gap. In such a case, it is necessary to keep the lubricating oil on the conical friction surface so that the conical friction surface does not abnormally rise in temperature or abnormal wear occurs.

Generally, in order to supply the lubricating oil to the conical friction surface, as described for the inside ring 21 in FIG. 6, an oil groove 26 in the generatrix direction is engraved on the outer conical friction surface 23 of the ring 21, The lubricating oil is retained in the groove 26.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

However, in the above-mentioned warner type transmission synchronous mechanism, there are three pairs of conical friction surfaces, and in particular, the conical friction surface located in the radial middle of the synchronization mechanism, that is, the inside ring 21.
There is a circumstance that it is very difficult to supply the lubricating oil between the outer conical friction surface 23 and the inner conical friction surface 28 of the outside ring 27. This is a block ring 1
1, the shape itself of the inside ring 21 and the outside ring 27 is complicated and the arrangement relationship with each other is also complicated, so that the lubricating oil housed in the transmission and sprung up with the rotation of the synchronizing mechanism is The outer conical friction surface 23 of the inside ring 21 or the outside ring
This is because it is difficult to reach the oil groove 26 engraved on the inner conical friction surface 28 of 27.

Moreover, a recent demand for a synchronous mechanism of a transmission is aimed at reducing shift operability, and if the method of dividing the conical friction surface into a plurality of parts is adopted to meet the demand, the synchronous mechanism is In addition, the configuration is complicated, and on the contrary, the lubricating oil passage is complicated, and the lubricating oil passage space is reduced.

The purpose of this device is to solve the above problems,
Lubricating oil is smoothly supplied to the oil groove engraved on the friction surface pair consisting of the outer conical friction surface of the inside ring ring and the inner conical friction surface of the outside ring, and they rotate at different intervals with a minute gap. To provide a lubrication device for a synchronous mechanism in a transmission capable of retaining lubricating oil in an oil groove so that the temperature of the friction surface that continues to run does not rise abnormally and abnormal wear does not occur. Is.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention is configured as follows in order to achieve the above object. That is, the invention is directed to an inside ring externally fitted to a cone portion provided at the clutch hub side end portion of a speed change gear, an outside ring externally fitted to the inside ring and rotating integrally with the speed change gear, and In a synchronous mechanism in a transmission having a block ring fitted onto an outside ring, an oil formed on a friction surface between the inside ring and the outside ring is provided on a rib portion provided on the side of the transmission gear of the inside ring. A notch communicating with the groove is provided, and a cut-off portion connected to the oil groove is formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of a portion of the oil groove adjacent to the notch, and lubrication of a synchronous mechanism in a transmission. Regarding the device.

[Action]

Since the lubricating device for the synchronous mechanism of the transmission according to the present invention is configured as described above, it operates as follows. That is, the lubrication device for the synchronous mechanism in this transmission is provided with a notch portion communicating with an oil groove formed on a friction surface with the outside ring, in a rib portion provided on the transmission gear side of the inside ring, Since the cut-off portion connected to the oil groove is formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the portion of the oil groove adjacent to the cutout portion, within the narrow range surrounded by the speed change gear of the synchronization mechanism, the inside ring and the outside ring. The splashed lubricating oil is not disturbed by the annular rib portion that spreads radially on the speed change gear side of the inside ring,
It can reach towards the oil groove.

Further, in the case where the scattering direction of the lubricating oil splash is not always accurate toward the oil groove and collides with the notched wall surface of the notch portion, the lubricating oil jumped up within the range is, of course, within the range. Even if the lubricating oil splashes from the outside, it will bounce after the collision and a part of the lubricating oil will go to the oil groove. Further, among the splashes of the lubricating oil flowing from the cutout portion toward the oil groove, even if the lubricating oil droplets do not necessarily reach the oil groove accurately, the cut-off portion guides the lubricating oil droplets to remove the lubricating oil. Send it to the oil groove.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a lubricating device for a synchronizing mechanism of a transmission according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a lubricating device for a synchronizing mechanism of a transmission according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view at the position of oil grooves of an inside ring and an outside ring, and FIG. The exploded perspective view of the transmission gear, the inside ring, the outside ring and the block ring on the left side of the embodiment shown in the figure, FIG. 4 (a) is a front view showing the inside ring in the lubricating device of the synchronizing mechanism of this transmission, 4 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the inside ring at the cutout position, FIG. 4 (c) is a bottom side view of the inside ring at the cutout position, and FIG. 4 (d) is engaged with the block ring. It is a side view in the position of a nail.

The lubricating device in this synchronizing mechanism is the same as that shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 as a conventional device, except that there are notches and cut-off portions provided in the rib portion of the inside ring. It is the structure of. Therefore, the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. In Fig. 1, left and right inside rings,
The notch part and the cut-off part are symmetrical in the figure,
Since the articles are the same, only the left inside ring will be described.

The notch 31 is formed on the outer periphery of the annular rib portion 24 of the inside ring 21 located on the transmission gear 2 side at the same circumferential position so as to communicate with the oil grooves 26 at a plurality of locations.

The entire synchronous mechanism of the transmission is immersed in the lubricating oil, but in the area surrounded by the speed change gear 2, the inside ring 21, the outside ring 27 and the block ring 11, rotation of these synchronizing elements is prevented. Accordingly, the lubricating oil is splashed up due to the unevenness of the surface of the synchronizing element. In this way, among the droplets of the lubricating oil generated in the area, the droplets themselves or a part of the secondary droplets head toward the oil groove 26. Although there was a situation in which the splash of the lubricating oil was difficult to reach the oil groove 26 by the rib portion 24 of the inside ring 21 in the conventional case, it is difficult to reach the oil groove 26. Notch in
Since 31 is formed, the oil groove 26 can be reached without being disturbed.

At this time, the splashing direction of the droplets is not always accurate and collides with the wall surface of the cutout portion 31, but it can be expected to bounce back and reach the oil groove 26 after the collision. It can be expected that the lubricating oil splashing from the outside of the region will also collide with the notch 31 and head toward the oil groove 26.

Further, cutout portions 32 connected to the oil groove are formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of a portion of the oil groove 26 adjacent to the cutout portion 31. It is preferable in manufacturing that the cut-off portion 32 is formed by cutting the inside ring 21 in a chordal direction in a plane around the oil groove 26. The length of the chord is preferably equal to the width of the cutout portion 31 of the rib portion 24 of the inside ring 21.

Therefore, among the splashes of the lubricating oil that flow through the notch portion 31 or collide at the notch portion 31 and bounce toward the oil groove 26, even if the lubricant oil droplets that do not necessarily aim at the oil groove 26 accurately, they are cut off. If it enters the part 32, the cut-off part 32 guides the lubricating oil splash and sends the lubricating oil into the oil groove 26 with a high probability.

In this way, when the lubricating oil is fed into the oil groove, the lubricating oil is held in the oil groove 26, and the lubricating oil is appropriately supplied to the friction surfaces 23 and 28 that keep rotating at different intervals and continue to rotate differently from each other. can do. Therefore, since the lubricating oil removes heat from the friction surface, the temperature of the friction surface does not rise abnormally, and strong friction between the friction surfaces is prevented, so that abnormal wear does not occur.

[Effect of device]

The lubrication device of the synchronization mechanism in the transmission according to the present invention is
It is configured as described above and has the following unique effects. That is, the lubrication device for the synchronous mechanism in this transmission is provided with a notch portion communicating with an oil groove formed on a friction surface with the outside ring, in a rib portion provided on the transmission gear side of the inside ring, Since the cut-off portions connected to the oil groove are formed on both sides in the circumferential direction of the portion of the oil groove adjacent to the cutout portion, within a narrow range surrounded by the speed change gear of the synchronization mechanism, the inside ring and the outside ring. A part of the splashed lubricating oil is not disturbed by the annular rib portion that spreads radially toward the transmission gear side of the inside ring ring, and the lubricating oil is present near the open side of the cutout portion. It will serve as a reservoir and will be supplied toward the oil groove.

Therefore, even if the clearance between both friction surfaces is small, the space is maintained and the function of a lubricating oil sump is achieved. Lubrication performance can be improved.

In addition, there are some cases in which the scattering direction of the lubricating oil droplets is not always accurate toward the oil groove and collides with the notch surface, but in this case, not only the lubricating oil that jumps up within the above range but also within the above range Even if the lubricating oil splashes from the outside, it can be expected that the lubricating oil collides with the wall surface of the cutout portion and bounces later, and a part of the lubricating oil goes toward the oil groove.

Furthermore, among the splashes of lubricating oil that pass through the notch portion or collide at the notch portion and bounce toward the oil groove, even if those that do not necessarily reach the oil groove accurately, the cutoff is performed. The part can guide the lubricating oil splash and send the lubricating oil into the oil groove.

As described above, according to the lubrication device for the synchronization mechanism in this transmission, the components of the synchronization mechanism such as the inside ring, the outside ring, the speed change gear, and the block ring have a complicated structure and have a complicated arrangement. Because of this, it is more difficult to supply the lubricating oil in the synchronization mechanism, and the opportunity to send the lubricating oil to the oil groove provided on the friction surface between the inside ring and the outside ring is more It will improve dramatically. Therefore, the lubricating oil can be held in the oil groove, and the lubricating oil can be appropriately supplied to the friction surface that keeps rotating at different intervals with each other maintained at a minute interval. No abnormal wear will occur.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a lubrication device for a synchronizing mechanism in a transmission according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view at a position of an oil groove between an inside ring and an outside ring, and FIG. The transmission gear on the left side of the embodiment shown in FIG.
An exploded perspective view of the inside ring, the outside ring, and the block ring, FIG. 4 (a) is a front view of the inside ring, FIG. 4 (b) is a cross-sectional view at a notch position of the inside ring, and FIG. 4 (c). ) Is a bottom side view of the inside ring at the notch position, FIG. 4 (d) is a side view of the position of the claw that engages with the block ring, and FIG. 5 is a three-cone type synchronization mechanism in the conventional transmission. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the left side transmission gear, the inside ring, the outside ring, and the block ring of the conventional mechanism shown in FIG. 1 ... spindle, 2,4 ... speed change gear, 7 ... sleeve, 9 ...
… Insert key, 11 …… Block ring, 15 …… Inner conical friction surface, 16 …… Hole part, 17 …… Cone part, 18 …… Outer conical friction surface, 19 …… Notched part, 21 …… Inside ring , 22 …… Inner conical friction surface, 23 …… Outer conical friction surface, 24
…… Rib part, 25 …… Claw, 26 …… Oil groove, 27 …… Outside ring, 28 …… Inner conical friction surface, 29 …… Outer conical friction surface, 30 …… Locking claw, 31 …… Off Notch part, 32 ... Cut-off part.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An inside ring externally fitted to a cone portion provided at an end of a transmission gear on the clutch hub side, an outside ring externally fitted to the inside ring and rotating integrally with the transmission gear, and the outer ring. In a synchronous mechanism in a transmission having a block ring fitted onto a side ring, an oil groove formed on a friction surface between the inside ring and the outside ring in a rib portion provided on the speed change gear side of the inside ring. A lubrication device for a synchronizing mechanism in a transmission, characterized in that a cutout portion communicating with the oil groove is provided, and cutout portions connected to the oil groove are formed on both sides in a circumferential direction of a portion of the oil groove adjacent to the cutout portion. .