JPH0742451A - Double glazing for construction - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the deflection of a reflecting surface and the strain of a reflected image by constituting double glazing of the outside glass with a reflecting film and the inside glass, and using tempered or semi-tempered glass as the inside glass with specific thinness. CONSTITUTION:A heat reflecting film 2 is filmed to the inside of the outside plate glass 1, and a sealed space 6 is formed on the periphery between the outside plate glass 1 and inside plate glass 3 through a spacer 4. At that time, various kinds of glass can be used for both plate glass 1 and 3, and at least tied or semi-tempered glass can be used for the inside plate glass 3. The thickness of the inside plate glass 3 has the thickness less than 70% of that of the outside plate glass 1. Such double glazing as bending against rigidity of the outside plate glass 1 is easily made and as deflection corresponding to expansion and contraction of air in the sealed space 6 is easily made is adopted.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a double-layer glass with a reflective film used as a window material in buildings and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Double glazing is being widely used not only in buildings but also in general houses for the purpose of sound insulation, heat insulation, and reduction of heating and cooling loads. In particular, the one with a reflective film on the outer glass plate not only has functions such as heat ray reflection and privacy protection, but it also reflects the surrounding scenery by its specular reflection and the building itself is in harmony with its environment. It is used as an exterior window material for buildings because it creates unique beauty.

However, in the double-layer glass with a reflective film, the air in the hermetically sealed internal space expands and contracts due to solar heat and fluctuations in the atmospheric pressure, so that the reflective surface is bent, and the reflected image is distorted to give a beautiful appearance. It also has the aspect of being easily damaged. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above problems and provides a suitable means that exhibits a remarkable reflected image suppressing effect despite a simple structure.

For example, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 60-4146 discloses that in a sound-insulating light-transmitting double-layer glass, the thickness of one glass plate and the other glass plate is changed to transmit a sound different from dry air to the internal space. Encapsulating a gas having a velocity and thereby suppressing external noise is also disclosed in JP-A-2-289451.
In the issue, in soundproof double glazing for vehicles, the sound attenuation factor is set to a specific range, specifically, the thicknesses of two glass plates are made to differ from each other by a specific ratio or more. It is disclosed that the noise generated by the friction of the air with respect to the vehicle is reduced.

These are intended to suppress noise as disclosed,
According to the present invention, the purpose, structure,
It is different in effect.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises an outer glass plate coated with a reflective film and an inner glass plate, wherein a spacer is interposed between the peripheral portions of both glass plates to form a sealed space. In laminated glass, the inner glass plate is 70% or less with respect to the thickness of the outer glass plate for building double glazing, in the building double glazing, at least the inner glass plate is tempered glass or semi-tempered glass thing,
Consists of.

With the above-mentioned structure, the bending of the reflection surface of the outer glass plate is minimized, and therefore the distortion of the reflected image is suppressed and the aesthetic appearance is prevented from being impaired. However, in the case where the bending is remarkable, measures such as technically easy strengthening and semi-strengthening treatment are taken in advance in order to avoid the damage caused by the above.

[0008]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. Attached Figure 1 is a cutaway perspective view of double glazing for buildings.
Is an outer glass plate made of soda lime silica glass formed by the float method, 2 is a heat-reflecting film coated on the inner surface of the outer glass plate, for example, 3 is an inner glass plate of the same type as 1, and 4 is both Spacers that keep the glass plates 1 and 3 in a parallel state, and 5 are hygroscopic agents that keep the air in the sealed space 6 dry, and although not shown, there is a hole or a hole in the side 7 of the spacer 4 on the sealed space side. By making a slit, it can communicate with the sealed space.

The outer glass plate 1 may be not only clear glass but also various kinds of glass such as colored glass and glass with a wire rod, and may be reinforced glass. Reflective film 2
In many cases, the outer glass plate 1 is usually provided with a film on the inner surface side facing the inner glass plate 3, but it may be provided on the outer surface side in contact with the outside air. The material of the reflective film 2 is not limited. For example, in the heat ray reflective film, the visible light reflectance ranges from about 10% to about 50% depending on the type of material, but any of them can be applied. A variety of materials such as those simply exhibiting a half-mirror effect and those exhibiting a reflective effect in a conductive antifogging film can be adopted.

The inner glass plate 3 is a thin glass plate having a thickness of 70% or less of that of the outer glass plate 1,
In the case where the outer glass plate 1 is easily bent due to its rigidity, and is easily bent in response to the expansion and contraction of the air in the sealed space 6, and in the case where there is a risk that the bending may cause significant damage. A tempered glass or a semi-tempered glass is adopted. The inner glass plate 3 and the outer glass plate 1
Various similar glasses can be adopted.

The sizes of the outer and inner glass plates 1 and 3 have become large as a trend in recent years, and even small sizes include 500 mm □ or larger, and large sizes include 2000 mm × 3000 mm or larger. The present invention can be applied to a size glass plate. The distance between the two glass plates 1 and 3 is 6 mm or 12 mm in normal double glazing, but the present invention is applicable regardless of the size of the distance.

As the spacer, various well-known materials other than usual aluminum can be used, and as the adhesive and sealing material, other well-known materials such as usual butyl rubber, polysulfide rubber and silicone rubber can be adopted.

The results of an investigation test of the relationship between the deflection amount (ratio) due to the difference between the atmospheric pressure and the internal space pressure and the distortion of the reflected image are shown below.

[Test] (Sample) As the outside glass plate (outside glass plate) and the inside glass plate (inside glass plate), clear soda lime silica-based float glass plates were adopted. Most of the glass plates on the indoor side were strengthened by known means by air cooling. The outdoor glass plate is formed by sequentially stacking and integrating a Ni-Cr-Fe film (stainless steel film) and a TiOx (x≈2) film on the inner surface side (the surface on the inner space side when using double-layer glass). A heat ray reflective film was applied. Its visible light reflectance is about 35%.

The distance between both glass plates is 12 mm and 6 mm,
A multi-layer glass sample having the structure shown in FIG. 1 was produced. At the time of fabrication, the temperature was 11 ° C and the atmospheric pressure was 1016 hPa, and the air in the multi-layer glass sealed space had the same temperature and atmospheric pressure.

(Test method) 1) Each of the double glazing samples prepared as described above was placed in a freezing chamber maintained at -10 ° C, sufficiently maintained at that temperature, and then taken out to obtain an atmospheric pressure of 1018 hPa and an air temperature of 11 ° C. Immediately after being exposed, the amount of bending and the temperature were measured and the generated stress was calculated. Further, in order to investigate the distortion of the reflection image of the outdoor glass plate, a known lattice striped boat was made to face the glass plate, and the reflection image was visually observed to determine the presence or absence of distortion and the size of the distortion.

Although not shown, the amount of bending is measured by a known means. The four sides of the double glazing are mounted and fixed on a frame body having a concave cross section, and the frame body traverses the central portion of the surface of the glass plate. A crosspiece is installed, and a linear sliding potentiometer is set at a position facing the center of the glass plate surface of the crosspiece, and at a position as close to the edge of the glass plate surface as possible, and the amount of bending is determined by the difference between the readings of both meters. Is measured.
In addition, the temperature of the internal air can be measured by disposing a thermistor in advance in the double glazing.

The generated stress can be calculated from a known relational expression with the amount of deflection, σc = α.Et δc / β.a ² . Note) σc: Maximum bending stress of glass plate (Kg / cm ² ) α, β; Coefficient specified by the ratio of the long side (b) / short side (a) length of glass plate, where b / a is When 1, α = 0.276, β = 0.04
6, when b / a is 2, α = 0.605, β = 0.114 E; Young's modulus of glass plate (kg / cm ² ) t; Thickness of air layer (cm) δc; Maximum deflection of glass plate in the center ( cm) a ； The length of the short side of the glass plate (cm)

The internal space temperature immediately after being taken out is -9 ± 1 ° C, and therefore the temperature difference from the initial production is -20 ± 1 ° C.
This temperature difference is approximately (273-9) / (273 + 11) = 0.93 times the initial internal pressure, assuming that the glass plate does not bend (the fluctuation of the external atmospheric pressure is 1018/1016 (hPa) ≈ 1.00). However, it can be disregarded), so that bending and distortion occur.

The fluctuation of the temperature difference of -20.degree. C. is based on the assumption of cold winter in northern Japan. Of course, during the coldest hours of the night, or during abnormal times such as when an abnormal cold wave strikes, the temperature becomes lower and the fluctuation range is large, but it is not a target for the purpose of the present invention.

2) Similarly, the double glazing sample was placed in a heating chamber maintained at 53 ° C., sufficiently maintained at the temperature, taken out, exposed to the atmosphere at an external pressure of 1016 hPa and an air temperature of 12 ° C., and similarly measured,
I calculated.

Immediately after taking out, the internal space temperature is 51 ± 1 ° C., and therefore the internal / external temperature difference is 40 ± 1 ° C. If the glass plate is not bent, the internal pressure is (273 + 51) / (2
73 + 11) = 1.14 times (the fluctuation of the outside air pressure is 1013/1016 (h
Pa) ≈ 1.00, which can be almost ignored),
Distortion occurs.

The temperature difference of + 40.degree. C. is about 30.degree. C. in summer in the warm region of Japan, that is, about + 20.degree. Assuming that the temperature rise is about + 20 ° C in the case where glass is placed or a semi-reflective film is applied, it is assumed that when an abnormal heat wave hits or the external atmospheric pressure drops due to a large typhoon, as before. Although there is a large fluctuation range, it is meaningless in the present invention to target them.

The following Tables 1 to 3 show the laminated glass of various glass plate constitutions exemplified in Examples and Comparative Examples, respectively, of the outdoor side and the indoor side glass plate according to their size and temperature difference. Deflection amount (ratio), generated stress, and whether the distortion of the reflected image due to the checkered pattern is good or bad, △ (somewhat good),
It was shown as × (poor).

[0025]

[Table 1]

[0026]

[Table 2]

[0027]

[Table 3]

In the table of "Multi-layer glass composition" in the table, FL
Is a soda-lime-silica-based clear glass plate by the float method, / RF is a heat ray reflective film provided on the inner surface of the glass plate as described above, and TP is a glass plate similar to the above, which has been cooled by air cooling. The numerical value shows the thickness (mm) of the glass plate and the air layer, and the [numerical value%] display shows the percentage of the thickness of the indoor glass plate to the outdoor glass plate.

Further, in the "+" and "-" in the terms of "deflection" and "generated stress", + means that the internal space pressure is large and the central portion of the glass plate bends outward, and-means that the internal space pressure is small and the central portion of the glass plate is small. Is something that bends inward. The rate in the term "deflection" (that is, the rate of deflection),% indicates the percentage of the amount of deflection with respect to the length of the short side of the glass plate.

(Results) As is clear from Tables 1 to 3, in the + bending of the outdoor glass plate, if the bending ratio is less than 0.10%, the distortion of the reflected image is hardly visually recognized, which is good. In addition, the bending rate of the − outside glass plate is 0.
If it is less than 05%, the distortion of the reflected image is hardly recognized.

In each of the examples of Tables 1 and 2, the reflected image is good (somewhat good) as indicated by ◯ (somewhat fair), and the thickness of the glass plate on the indoor side is good. It can be seen that is less than 70% with respect to the glass plate on the outdoor side.

On the other hand, in each of the comparative examples, the reflection image is defective (somewhat good) as indicated by × (somewhat fair), and the thickness of the indoor side glass plate is different from that of the outdoor glass. Over 70% of board.

That is, it is apparent that the distortion of the reflected image can be suppressed by setting the thickness of the glass plate on the indoor side to 70% or less of the glass plate on the outdoor side. In some of the examples, the stress generated in the glass plate on the indoor side (in-plane stress) was 80%.
In some cases, the glass plate has a Kg / cm ² or more, and in the case of a glass plate that is not reinforced or semi-reinforced, there is a risk of breakage, but if strengthened or semi-reinforced in advance, that danger will be resolved.

[0034]

According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress distortion of reflected images in a double glazing having a glass with a reflective film by an easy and inexpensive technical means. ) If the glass plate is made of tempered glass or semi-tempered glass, it is possible to eliminate the fear of damage due to its bending.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cutaway perspective view of a double glazing for a building. 1 ---- Outer glass plate 2 ---- Heat ray reflective film 3 ---- Inner glass plate

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A multi-layer glass comprising an outer glass plate coated with a reflective film and an inner glass plate, wherein a spacer is interposed between the peripheral parts of both glass plates to form a sealed space, the outer glass plate being a plate. Double glazing for buildings, characterized in that the inner glass plate is 70% or less of the thickness. 2. The double glazing for buildings according to claim 1, wherein at least the inner glass plate is a tempered glass or a semi-tempered glass.