JPH0739251A - Method for culturing halophilious plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a method for culturing a halophilious plant capable of effectively using organic and inorganic components in seawater as fertilizer, enhancing exterminating effects on insect pests by salt in seawater, preventing withering of plants by salt injury. CONSTITUTION:In drawing up seawater from the sea 1 with a water pump 91 and a water sending pipe 7 and sprinkling the seawater on each cultivated land 5 with a sprinkler 51, temperature, humidity and shining hours near each cultivated land 5 are detected by a temperature sensor 53, a humidity sensor 55 and a shining hours detecting sensor 57. A flow rate of the seawater in the water sending pipe 7 is measured by a flowmeter 95, operation of the water pump 91 is regulated by a control device 93 based on the detected and measured results and >= an evaporated amount of the seawater changing depending upon temperature, humidity, shining hours, etc., in the vicinity of each cultivated land 5 is sprinkled on each cultivated land 5.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cultivating a halophyte that can grow in water containing salt, and more particularly to a method for cultivating mortality due to salt damage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in areas such as desert areas where temperatures are high and rainfall is low throughout the year, the soil has been conventionally improved or desalination plants have been used to improve the soil to promote agriculture and greenery. We are irrigating. However, huge cost is required for soil improvement and seawater desalination. Also,
In such areas with high temperature and low rainfall, evapotranspiration that exceeds the amount of irrigation water may cause salt to accumulate on the surface of the irrigated land, making it impossible to grow general crops. Therefore, in recent years, attempts have been made to promote agriculture and greenery by cultivating halophytes that can grow even in water containing salt, for example, sarconia (Japanese name: Astragalus japonicum) that can collect edible oil. Has been done.

In order to cultivate such a halophyte plant at low cost, it is preferable to use seawater because it is the cheapest and the organic or inorganic component contained in seawater is used as a fertilizer. In addition to being used as a part, it has the advantage of two birds with one stone that can control pests with salt in seawater. On the other hand, as mentioned above, since desert areas and the like have high temperatures and a small amount of rainfall, when seawater is sprayed as it is, moisture evaporates and only salt is deposited in the soil, and the salt concentration in the ground of the cultivated land is equal to that of seawater. If the salt concentration is exceeded, the osmotic pressure of the halophyte will change, impairing the water supply function, and the halophyte will die due to salt damage. Therefore, conventionally, a method of diluting and spraying seawater has been generally used.

[0004]

However, in the conventional method of diluting and spraying seawater, there is a problem that fresh water, a diluting device or the like is separately required to dilute the seawater. Had a problem that the inorganic components could not be effectively used and the pest control effect due to salt in seawater was reduced. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to effectively use an organic or inorganic component in seawater as a fertilizer, and enhance the effect of controlling pests due to salt in seawater, and Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating a halophyte that can prevent plant death due to salt damage.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for cultivating a halophyte capable of growing in water containing salt, which comprises planting the halophyte in a cultivated land, It is characterized in that seawater is sprayed on the ground, the ground salt concentration of the cultivated land is calculated, and the spray amount of the seawater is controlled so that the ground salt concentration does not exceed the salt concentration of the seawater. . Further, in the present invention, the ground salt concentration is calculated by calculation based on the temperature and humidity near the cultivated land and the sunshine duration.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a seawater irrigation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a sea, 3 is a coastline, 5 is a cultivated land formed at two locations on the inland side, and 7 is each cultivated from the sea 1. A water pipe for drawing seawater to the ground 5 and a pump station 9 provided at seven water pipes near the cultivated land 5.

On the sea 1 side of the coastline 3, a net fence 31 for blocking floating materials in the sea such as driftwood and dumped garbage.
Is stretched, and the sea 1 inside the net fence 31 is
One end of the water supply pipe 7 is arranged therein. Each cultivated land 5 is formed in a circular shape, and a halophyte such as sarconia (not shown) is planted in each cultivated land 5, and a pivot type sprinkler device 51 for spraying seawater, A temperature sensor 53, a humidity sensor 55, and a sunshine duration detection sensor 57 that detect the temperature and humidity near each cultivated land 5 and the sunshine duration.
And are respectively provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, the sprinkler device 51 is a rotatable support column 51 which is erected at the center of the cultivated land 5.
01 and the column 510 connected to the upper end of the column 5101.
1, a cylindrical rotary arm 5103 extending in the radial direction of the cultivated land 5 and having a length substantially equal to the radius of the cultivated land 5, and a support arm 5105 connected to the middle and tip of the rotary arm 5103. A wheel 5107 provided at the lower end of each support arm 5105 and a motor 5109 for rotating the support column 5101 are provided, and the other end of the water supply pipe 7 communicates with the hollow portion of the rotary arm 5103. Between the two support arms 5105 and between the support arms 5105 and the support column 5
In the rotating arm 5103 portion between the 101, a plurality of sprinkler hoses 51 are arranged at a constant interval in the extending direction of the rotating arm 5103 and communicate with the hollow portion of the rotating arm 5103.
11 is suspended and supported, and each sprinkler hose 5111
Watering nozzles 5113 are attached to the lower ends of the respective.

The pump station 9 comprises a water pump 91, a controller 93 for controlling the operation of the water pump 91 and the like, and a flow meter 95 for measuring the flow rate of seawater in the water pipe 7. As shown in FIG. 3, the control device 93 includes a salt concentration calculating unit 9301, a spray amount calculating unit 9303,
And a control unit 9305.

The salinity concentration calculating unit 9301 is connected to the temperature sensor 53, the humidity sensor 55, the sunshine duration detecting sensor 57, and the flow meter 95 of each cultivated land 5,
Based on the detection and measurement results, the ground salt concentration of each cultivated land 5 is calculated, and the higher ground salt concentration value is output. The spraying amount calculating unit 9303 prevents the salt concentration in the ground output from the salt concentration calculating unit 9301 from exceeding the salt concentration of the seawater (normally about 3% in NaCl). 5, the amount of seawater sprayed per unit area and unit time is calculated, and the flow rate of seawater in the water pipe 7 corresponding to the sprayed amount is calculated.

The control unit 9305 refers to the measurement result of the flow meter 95 so that the flow rate of seawater in the water supply pipe 7 becomes the flow rate calculated by the spray amount calculation unit 9303, and the water supply pump 91. While controlling the operation of the water pump 91 and while the seawater is being sent to the cultivated land 5 by the water supply pump 91 and the water supply pipe 7, the support column 510 of the sprinkler device 51.
The operation of the motor 5109 is controlled so that 1 is rotated.

Next, the operation and action will be described. First, under the control of the control unit 9305, the water pump 91 is operated to suck seawater from the sea 1 into the water supply pipe 7, and the motor 5109 of the water sprinkling device 51 is operated to operate the support column 5101 and the rotating arm 5103. Is rotated and the seawater sucked up by the water supply pipe 7 is sent to the water spray hose 5111, and the seawater is sprayed from the water spray nozzle 5113 to the cultivated land 5 portion therebelow.

By the way, a part of the water content of the seawater sprinkled on each cultivated land 5 evaporates and spreads after a while, and only the salt content remains in the ground of the cultivated land 5. Then, the amount of evapotranspiration of water changes according to the temperature and humidity near each cultivated land 5, the amount of solar radiation, and the like. For this reason, if seawater having a evapotranspiration of water or more is continuously sprayed on the cultivated land 5, the underground salt concentration of the cultivated land 5 will not exceed the salt concentration of seawater, and the halophyte will die due to salt damage. Can be prevented.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the temperature sensor 53, the humidity sensor 55, and the sunshine duration detecting sensor 57 are used to measure the temperature and humidity and the sunshine duration near each cultivated soil 5 while the seawater is sprayed on each cultivated soil 5. In addition, the flow rate of seawater in the water pipe 7 is measured by a flow meter 95, and the detection and measurement results are taken into the salt concentration calculation unit 9301 to calculate the underground salt concentration of each cultivated land 5. is doing. Then, based on the higher value of the calculated soil salt concentration of each cultivated land 5, the spray amount calculation unit 9303 does not cause the soil salt concentration of each cultivated land 5 to exceed the salt concentration of the seawater. The flow rate of seawater in the water supply pipe 7 corresponding to the spraying amount of seawater is calculated, and the operation of the water supply pump 91 is controlled by the control of the control unit 9305 so that the calculated flow rate is obtained. .

By adjusting the spray amount of seawater, seawater is added to each of the cultivated lands 5 in an amount more than that in accordance with the evapotranspiration and spread of water, which changes depending on the surrounding temperature and humidity, and the amount of solar radiation. It is sprayed by 51 to prevent the ground salt concentration of each cultivated land 5 from exceeding the salt concentration of seawater. In some cases, the water pump 91 and the motor 5109 are intermittently stopped by the control of the control unit 9305,
The application of seawater to each cultivated land 5 is intermittently stopped, and the amount of seawater applied is adjusted.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, seawater is pumped from the sea 1 by the water pump 91 and the water pipe 7, and the seawater is sprayed by the sprinkler 51 at each cultivated land 5 and planted in each cultivated land 5. When cultivating halophyte, the temperature sensor 53, the temperature and humidity near each cultivated land 5 and the sunshine duration are measured.
The humidity sensor 55 and the sunshine duration detection sensor 57 detect the flow rate of seawater in the water supply pipe 7 by a flow meter 95, and the operation of the water supply pump 91 is controlled based on the detection and the measurement result. The control is performed by the section 9305, and seawater is sprayed to each cultivated land 5 in an amount larger than that according to the evapotranspiration and dispersion of water, which changes depending on the temperature and humidity near each cultivated land 5, and the amount of solar radiation.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent the ground salt concentration of each cultivated land 5 from exceeding the salt concentration of the seawater,
It is possible to prevent the death of the halophyte due to salt damage. And
Since seawater is used as it is without being diluted as in the conventional case, organic or inorganic components in seawater can be effectively used as a fertilizer, and the effect of controlling pests by salt in seawater can be maintained high.

In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 53 and the humidity sensor 5 measure the temperature and humidity near each cultivated land 5 and the sunshine duration.
5 and the sunshine duration detection sensor 57, and the salt concentration calculating unit 9301 calculates the underground salt concentration of each cultivated land 5 based on the detection result. A NaCl sensor, a Na sensor, a Cl sensor or the like may be provided in the ground to directly determine the ground salt concentration. In addition, in the present embodiment, the operation of the water pump 91 that pumps seawater from the sea 1 and sends it to each cultivated land 5 is controlled according to the ground salt concentration of each cultivated land 5. A flow rate adjusting valve may be provided in the spray path, and the valve opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve may be controlled according to the ground salt concentration.

Further, in the present embodiment, the pivot type spraying device 51 for spraying seawater on the cultivated land 5 is used, but a sprinkler type or any other type may be used to implement the method of the present invention. It goes without saying that the configuration for doing so is not limited to that shown in this embodiment.

[0020]

As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for cultivating a halophyte capable of growing in water containing salt, wherein the halophyte is planted in a cultivated land, and seawater is added to the cultivated land. Scatter and calculate the soil salt concentration of the cultivated land,
Since the spraying amount of the seawater is controlled so that the ground salt concentration does not exceed the salt concentration of the seawater, organic or inorganic components in the seawater can be effectively used as fertilizers, and It is possible to enhance the effect of controlling pests caused by salt and prevent plant death due to salt damage.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a seawater irrigation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the water sprinkler of FIG.

3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control device of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Sea 5 Cultivated Land 51 Sprinkler 53 Temperature Sensor 55 Humidity Sensor 57 Sunlight Time Detection Sensor 91 Water Pump 9301 Salt Concentration Calculator 9303 Sprinkle Amount Calculator 9305 Control 95 Flowmeter

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for cultivating a halophyte capable of growing in water containing salt, comprising: planting the halophyte in a cultivated land, spraying seawater on the cultivated land, and substituting the ground salt concentration of the cultivated land. The method for cultivating a halophyte is characterized in that the amount of sprinkling of the seawater is controlled so that the ground salt concentration does not exceed the salt concentration of the seawater. 2. The method for cultivating a halophyte according to claim 1, wherein the soil salt concentration is calculated based on temperature and humidity near the cultivated land and sunshine duration.