JPH0735676B2 - Joints for building materials - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to a novel joint for a building structural member used for a construction such as a wooden house or a reinforced structure, and more specifically, it is mass-produced according to a certain standard. The present invention relates to a joint made of metal or the like that allows structural members to be assembled very easily at a construction site.

<Prior art> Conventionally, in the construction of buildings such as wooden houses, after constructing the foundation, in order to join structural members such as wood, vertical, horizontal etc. are carved in their respective joints, Notches, notches, etc. are made and these are fitted to join the two. However, such a conventional construction method requires a high level of skill and skill in joining wood or the like as described above, and not only in work efficiency but also in economical efficiency of members and inferior strength of joint parts. It has drawbacks.

Therefore, as a result of years of earnest research on the joining method of the structural members as described above, the present applicant is simpler than the conventional simplest joining method, for example, a method of variously combining an iron plate and bolts and nuts, and In terms of strength, we have developed a joint for building members that is superior to the ancient Japanese wooden engraving system.

Such a joint is disclosed in JP-A-51-107626.

That is, this joint is a cubic or rectangular parallelepiped shaped joint body, and is obtained by welding and fixing a plate-like member extending outward from a surface of the joint main body in a plane substantially orthogonal to the surface. A hole through which a fixture such as a bolt can be inserted is provided.

Such conventional joints for building members can be obtained in many types by combining the joint body and the plate-shaped members by changing the shapes, numbers and directions thereof.

Fig. 10 shows an example of this, in which 1 is the joint body and 2
Is a plate-shaped member.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in such a conventional joint, since the plate-shaped member is welded and fixed to the joint body, the welding work is performed in the assembly work of the plate-shaped member and the joint body. It takes a lot of time and labor, and it is inferior in assembling. Further, at the time of this assembly, it is difficult to put it on a production line in a factory or the like, and mass productivity is poor.

Furthermore, it is impossible to manufacture the required joint without strict control so that the shape, number and direction of the plate-shaped members are not mistaken, and there is a disadvantage that this control requires a great deal of work. This is especially true because there are many types.

Also, in the construction of a building, when connecting different structural members such as wood by mistake, if different joints are used by mistake, it will be necessary to replace the joints, and the work efficiency will be extremely poor. There was also a drawback.

Furthermore, in the case of a building that uses conventional joints, when performing an extension or renovation, the joints of structural members such as wood cannot be changed unless the used joints are replaced as they are. There wasn't.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, abolishing the structure for welding and fixing the plate member to the joint body,
Instead, it is an object of the present invention to provide a joint for building members that solves the above-mentioned conventional problems by providing a structure in which attachment and detachment can be freely performed with a fastener and at least a part of plate-like members can be changed in attachment direction. .

<Means for Solving Problems> Therefore, the present invention provides a rectangular joint body having two square wall portions at upper and lower portions and four rectangular wall portions at side portions, and the joint body. At least one first plate-like member that is detachably fastened to at least one square wall of the upper and lower two square walls by bolts, and four rectangles on the side of the joint body. At least one second plate-shaped member removably fastened to at least one rectangular wall of the plate-shaped wall by bolts, the first plate-shaped member and the second plate-shaped member The plate-shaped member includes a first plate portion that serves as a fastening portion to the wall portion of the joint body, and a fastening portion that extends from the surface of the first plate portion to a plane substantially orthogonal to the surface and is fastened to a building member. Each of which has at least one second plate portion, The positions of the mounting holes for the bolts respectively provided in the square wall portion to which the first plate-shaped member of the body is connected and the first plate portion of the first plate-shaped member are The joint for a building member is set in a position such that it can be selectively coupled in two directions with an angle offset of 90 degrees on the surface of the square wall portion of the joint body.

<Operation> With the above configuration, a large number of types can be obtained by changing the number of the first and second plate-like members in the joint body, changing the connecting direction of the first plate-like members, and fastening them. Obtained,
It can be easily assembled. Further, since the first and second plate-shaped members are freely attachable / detachable, the number of the first and second plate-shaped members and the direction in which the first plate-shaped members are connected can be easily changed, and management in assembly is facilitated. It does not require a great deal of work, and when connecting different structural members such as wood in the construction of a building, if you accidentally use a different joint, you do not need to replace the entire joint, Efficiency is good.

<Example> An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9.

In FIG. 1, a joint for building members (hereinafter referred to as a joint) 3 is a rectangular parallelepiped joint body having a square-shaped joint body having two square wall portions at upper and lower portions and four rectangular wall portions at side portions. A core 4 formed of a hollow body, and the core 4
Bolts 7 to at least one (two in this embodiment) of the two square walls of the upper and lower portions of the bolt.
At least one (two in this embodiment) vertical joiner 5 that is detachably fastened by means of at least one of the four rectangular walls on the side of the core 4. It is composed of at least one (four in this embodiment) horizontal joiners 6 as second plate members that are detachably fastened to the (four in this embodiment) rectangular wall portions by bolts 7.

The core 4, vertical joiner 5 and horizontal joiner 6
Are made of metal, especially iron and steel.

The core 4 is formed, for example, by cutting a prismatic steel pipe into a predetermined size and welding iron plates to the cut surfaces at both ends.

The core 4 may be a solid body, but a hollow body is more advantageous in handling and economy. The six wall portions of the core 4 are provided with four mounting holes 8 for bolts 7 for fastening the joiners 5 and 6, respectively. As shown in FIG. 2, nuts 9 are fixedly attached to the openings of the attachment holes 8 on the inner surface of the core 4 by welding. The size of the core 4 is determined by the size of the structural member to be joined. For example, when the member is a structural member such as a base, a pillar or a beam, (5-15) ×
(5 to 15) x (5 to 20) cm is typical. The thickness of the plate constituting the core 4 is usually 2 to 10 mm, and sufficient strength can be obtained.

The vertical joiner 5 and the horizontal joiner 6 are welded to the first plate portions 5A, 6A and the surfaces of the plate portions 5A, 6A, respectively, so as to extend outward in a plane substantially orthogonal to the surface and perpendicular to the surface. And second plate portions 5B and 6B. The first plate portion 5A of the vertical joiner 5 is formed in the same area as the upper and lower surfaces of the core 4, and a mounting hole 10 for the bolt 7 is provided at a position corresponding to the mounting holes 8 in the upper and lower walls of the core 4. Has been. Further, the second plate portion 5B of the vertical joiner 5 is provided with a mounting hole 12 for a bolt (not shown) for fastening the plate portion 5B and a building member. On the other hand, the first plate portion 6A of the horizontal joiner 6 is formed in the same area as the side surface of the core 4, and a mounting hole 13 for the bolt 7 is provided at a position corresponding to the mounting hole 8 in the side wall portion of the core 4. ing. Further, the second plate portion 6B of the horizontal joiner 6 is provided with a mounting hole 15 for a bolt 14 as a fastener for fastening the plate portion 6B and a building member. Horizontal joiner 6
A beam receiving plate 16 extending from the lower end of the plate portion 6A to a surface substantially orthogonal to the surface of the plate portion 6A and the surface of the second plate portion 6B is welded to the lower ends of the plate portions 6A and 6B. It is fixedly provided. The beam receiving plate 16 has a rectangular shape in the drawing, but may have a triangular shape.

Here, the positions of the bolt mounting holes 8 and 10 respectively provided in the square wall portion to which the vertical joiner 5 of the core 4 is connected and the first plate portion 5A of the vertical joiner 5 are set to the first plate portion. 5A is set on the surface of the square wall portion of the core 4 so that it can be selectively coupled in two directions offset by 90 degrees.

That is, the intervals between the mounting holes 8 in the upper and lower wall portions of the core 4 and the intervals between the mounting holes 10 in the first plate portion 5A of the vertical joiner 5 are formed equal to each other, and the first plate portion 5A is connected to the core 4 The upper surface and the lower surface can be selectively coupled in two directions with an angle offset of 90 degrees.

The joiners 5 and 6 may be normally formed of plate members having a thickness of 2 to 10 mm.

After the vertical joiner 5 and the horizontal joiner 6 are used, several tens of such joints 3 can be obtained by selecting a mounting surface on the core 4 and a mounting direction on the core 4 surface of the vertical joiner 5.

Here, a typical example of the joint is shown in FIG.
It shows in (G).

Next, a method of using the joint described above will be described.

First, in order to fasten a structural member such as a base member, a pillar, or a beam to the joint 3, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the end portions of the pair of beam plate members 17 are respectively connected to the second part of the horizontal joiner 6. Match both sides of plate 6B. Then, the mounting hole 15 of the second plate portion 6B
And a bolt 14 inserted into a bolt insertion hole 18 provided in the beam plate member 17 so as to match the position of the mounting hole 15 and a nut 19 fitted to the tip of the bolt 14 to form a pair of beam plate members. 17
Is fixed to the second plate portion 6B. In this case, the ends of the pair of beam plate members 17 are received on the beam receiving plate 16. In addition, the first plate portion of the horizontal joiner 6 of each of the pair of beam plate members 17
A concave seat 20 into which the bolt 7 is inserted is formed by a round seat boring process on the abutting surface of 6B, that is, the wood mouth.

In this description, a pair of beam plate members 17 are combined to form a building member, but the structure is not necessarily limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, one beam plate member 21 is joined. It is also possible to use a groove 22 formed in advance so that the second plate portion 6B can be inserted only in the end portion. However, considering the complexity of slicing and workability due to weight,
It is more preferable to use a pair of structural materials. Further, the building member is not limited to wood, and other materials such as steel frame may be used. If you take the sandwich structure shown,
Structural members such as pillars and beams all have a shape that combines two materials, but there is no need to separately bolt or fix with adhesives between structural members located between joints, except in special cases. It can be said that the strength of the plywood is greater than that of ordinary bases and pillars.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a base of a building using joints. There are seven types of joints used to connect the structural members in the base portion, and the joints JT1 to JT7 shown in FIGS. 3 (A) to (G) are used.

FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of a building using a joint.

In the figure, the concrete foundation 23 is constructed as a continuous foundation. A base 24 is placed on top of the concrete foundation 23 and fixed by anchor bolts 25 embedded in the concrete foundation 23 in advance.

A base member 26 is placed on the base 24, and the base members 26 are connected to each other by a joint 3A such as JT5, JT6 shown in FIG. Then, the joint 3A is fixed to the base 24 by a column base metal fitting 27 as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, this pillar leg metal fitting 27 is formed in a substantially T-shape with a plate portion 27a fixed to the base 24 with bolts and a plate portion 27b fixed to the side wall of the core 4 of the joint 3A with bolts. The bolt insertion holes 28c are formed in the plate portions 27a and 27b, respectively.
Are formed. In this case, the plate portion 27b of the column base metal fitting 27
Is formed in the same area as the side surface of the core 4, and the bolt insertion hole 28c is provided at a position corresponding to the mounting hole 8 in the side wall portion of the core 4.

On the other hand, the pillar members 29 are connected to the joints 3A that connect the base members 26 to each other, and the upper and lower pillar members 29 are connected to each other by the joint 3B.

The beam member 30 is connected to a joint 3B that connects the upper and lower column members 29 and a joint 3C that is connected to the upper end of the upper side column member 29. Incidentally, in FIG. 6, 31 is a joist, 32 is a joist receiving metal fitting, 33 is structural plywood, and 34 is tar tree.

Here, when the construction of the foundation as shown above is completed, joists 31 and the like are arranged between the foundations as needed, and the structural plywood 33 serving as the floor board is entirely laid by nailing or the like on it. Stretch. In this state, the surface (platform) on which the structural plywood 33, which will be the floor plate, is stretched becomes a workbench for the next work,
Next, use the vertical joiner 5 of the joint 3A to erect columns, and combine beams and rafters. This point is very different from the conventional construction method for wooden houses and is an advantage.

That is, in the conventional method, the floor plate, etc. were stretched after connecting the entire structural members such as the foundation, pillars, beams, rafters, and ground boards, but by using the above joints, from the bottom to the top one after another as in the skyscraper method. Since it can be connected to, the work is very easy to perform, the construction period can be significantly shortened, and it is extremely economical.

According to the joint described above, the joining of the structural members can be completed only by the simple operation of simply tightening the bolt. The floor space and height can also be freely changed with a very small amount of standard length products, and even after the completion of construction, it is extremely easy to extend and renovate by planning a renovation in advance and using a joint for it. Therefore, various types of houses can be constructed one after another according to the demands of consumers by using a small number of standard products, as if the block toys of various shapes are combined. Further, by standardizing the joints and the structural members to which the joints are applied to a certain standard, mass production in a factory becomes possible, and even a person without special skill can construct a new building or add or remodel it. Furthermore, the connection of structural members using joints is extremely strong, and it is possible to use conventional iron plates and bolts.
It is overwhelmingly stronger than the method using nuts.
This is all due to the special structure of the joint 3, that is, the connecting structure of the core 4, the vertical joiner 5 and the horizontal joiner 6.

Further, in particular, according to the joint 3 having such a configuration, since the vertical joiner 5 and the horizontal joiner 6 are bolted to the core 4 to manufacture, the labor for assembling the vertical joiner 5, the horizontal joiner 6 and the core 4 is reduced. There are few, it is excellent in assembly, and it is superior in mass productivity. Further, even if the shapes and numbers of the vertical joiners 5 and the horizontal joiners 6 with respect to the core 4 and the directions of the vertical joiners 5 are mistaken, it is possible to easily change them. There is no such thing as trouble.

Also, in the construction of a building, even if the wrong joints are mistakenly used when joining structural members such as wood, the necessary joints can be obtained by replacing the vertical joiner 5 and the horizontal joiner 6. It can be easily changed, and it does not require the troublesome replacement of the joint as in the past, and the work efficiency can be improved.

Furthermore, in the case of extension and renovation, the connection of structural members can be changed by replacing the vertical joiner 5 and the horizontal joiner 6 without replacing the used joints.
The extension and renovation can be done more freely.

In the above embodiment, the vertical joiner 5 and the horizontal joiner 6 each having one second plate portion 5B, 6B have been described, but as shown in FIG.
Two second plate portions 35B and 36B may be provided.

In this case, the second plate portions 35B and 36B are fixed to both side edges of the first plate portions 35A and 36A by welding and are opposed to each other at a predetermined interval. Further, the second plate portion 35B of the vertical joiner 35 is provided with a mounting hole 12 for a bolt (not shown) for fastening the plate portion 50B and a building member, as in the previous embodiment. on the other hand,
On the second plate portion 36B of the horizontal joiner 36, the bolt 1 for fastening the plate portion 36B and the building member to each other as in the previous embodiment.
Four mounting holes 15 are provided. Also in this embodiment, the intervals between the mounting holes 8 in the upper and lower wall portions of the core 4 and the vertical joiner 35 are
The first plate portion 35A is formed to have the same spacing as the mounting holes 10 of the first plate portion 35A, and the first plate portion 35A is selectively coupled to the upper and lower surfaces of the core 4 in two directions with an angle difference of 90 degrees. Is ready to go. The joint 37 has several tens of kinds as in the previous embodiment, depending on the number of the vertical joiners 35 and the horizontal joiners 36 used, the selection of the mounting surface on the core 4 and the mounting direction of the vertical joiner 35 on the core 4 surface. Is obtained.

Here, in the above-mentioned embodiment, in order to fasten the structural member such as the base member, the pillar, and the beam to the joint 3, the structural member ends are respectively connected to the second plate of the vertical joiner 5 and the horizontal joiner 6. Align the structural parts on the both sides of parts 5B and 6B with the second plate part 6B.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, for example, a structural member 38 is inserted between two second plate portions 36B, that is, the structure is fixed. The member 38 is arranged and fixed so as to be sandwiched by the two second plate portions 36B.

The two second plate portions 35B and 36B and the one second plate portion 5B and 6B of the previous embodiment may be mixed and attached to the core 4 for use.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the joint for building members of the present invention, the rectangular joint body and at least one square of the two upper and lower square-shaped wall portions of the joint body. At least one first plate-like member that is detachably fastened to the wall portion by bolts and at least one rectangular wall portion of the four rectangular wall portions on the side of the joint body is freely attachable and detachable by bolts At least one second fastened to
And a square wall portion of the joint body to which the first plate-shaped member of the joint body is connected, and the positions of bolt mounting holes provided in the first plate-shaped member of the first plate-shaped member. Is set to a position such that the first plate portion can be selectively coupled in two directions with an angle offset of 90 degrees on the surface of the square wall portion of the joint body, and the joint of the first plate member is Since the mounting direction of the main body with respect to the square wall can be changed, it is possible to shorten the construction period, standardize members, reduce costs, increase strength and improve workability, and without the need for skilled workers, free design and design.
Not only does it have the advantages of freedom of extension and remodeling and factory production, but since the plate member is manufactured by bolting it to the joint body, no skilled craftsman is required in the assembly work of the plate member and the joint body. Yes, it takes less time and effort for assembling work, is excellent in assemblability, and is superior in mass productivity. Further, even if the shape and number of the first plate-shaped member and the second plate-shaped member with respect to the joint body and the direction of the first plate-shaped member can be changed easily, it is possible to easily change them, so that the strict control of the error is made. Is unnecessary, and this management does not require much labor.

Also, in the construction of buildings, even if you accidentally use different joints when joining structural members such as wood, you can easily change to the required joints by replacing the plate-shaped members etc. Therefore, it is not necessary to replace the joint as in the conventional case, and the working efficiency can be improved.

Further, when the extension / reconstruction is performed, the connection of the structural members can be changed by exchanging the plate-shaped members without changing the used joint as it is, and the extension / reconstruction can be performed more freely.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a joint for building members according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B) are sectional views and front views showing a joint structure for building members to joints, respectively. Figure 3 (A)
(G) is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the joint for building members, FIG. 4 is a front view showing another embodiment of the structure for connecting building members to the joint, and FIG. 5 is related to the present invention. A plan view of the base portion of the house using the joint for building members, FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view of the house, and FIG. 7 is a view showing a joint structure between the joint for building members and the base, (A) is Sectional side view, (B) is a front view, FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the joint for building members according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a structure for connecting building members to the joint. Sectional views and FIGS. 10A and 10B are perspective views showing a conventional example, respectively. 3,3A to 3C, 37, JT1 to JT7 ... Joint, 4 ... Core, 5,35 ...
Vertical Joiner, 6,36… Horizontal Joiner, 5A, 6A, 35A, 36
A ... 1st plate part, 5B, 6B, 35B, 36B ... 2nd plate part, 7 ... Bolt, 8,10,12,13,15 ... Mounting hole, 14 ... Bolt, 17,21 ... Beam plate Member, 26 ... Base member, 29 ... Column member, 30 ... Beam member

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rectangular parallelepiped joint body having two upper and lower square wall portions and four rectangular wall portions on the side, and two square wall portions on the upper and lower portions of the joint body. At least one first plate-shaped member that is detachably fastened to at least one square wall portion by bolts, and at least one rectangular wall portion of the four rectangular wall portions on the side of the joint body. And at least one second plate-shaped member that is detachably fastened with a bolt, wherein the first plate-shaped member and the second plate-shaped member are attached to a wall portion of the joint body. A first plate portion that serves as a fastening portion, and at least one second plate portion that extends from a surface of the first plate portion in a plane substantially orthogonal to the surface and serves as a fastening portion with a building member. Each has a square shape to which the first plate-shaped member of the joint body is coupled Position and the mounting holes of the bolts respectively provided in the first plate portion of the first plate member, the first plate portion is deviated by 90 degrees on the surface of the square wall portion of the joint body. A joint for a building member, which is set in a position such that it can be selectively coupled in two directions.