JPH0731U - Flexible sheet for gardening - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] A horticultural method using bottom surface irrigation, which is a flexible sheet that is laid on a irrigation mat or the like and cultivated by placing a pot, and through which the irrigation is sufficiently performed. And the effect of reflected light from the surface of the flexible sheet enhances the cultivation effect. [Structure] A flexible sheet whose surface has diffuse reflection of light,
It allows water to penetrate, but it does not penetrate the roots of plants.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a horticultural sheet, and more particularly to a horticultural flexible sheet for applying gentle diffused light to the underside of a plant to be cultivated.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 As an example in which a light-reflective sheet or the like is conventionally used for cultivating a plant, for example, the heat insulating and heat insulating property as disclosed in JP-A-63-137621 is good, and the purpose is to promote the growth of crops and the coloring of fruit clusters. There is something to do. As an example of using a porous film for cultivating plants, for example, visible light as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-191763 is transmitted but infrared rays are not transmitted, which has a large heat retaining ability and a dehumidifying effect. To provide excellent greenhouse coating materials. Further, JP-A-63-81038 discloses a laminated film comprising a near-infrared light reflecting film layer and a light-absorbing black film layer, which has an air layer in the film, and has a heat insulating property and a light shielding property. Films or films for house have been proposed. However, none of these can be used for horticultural methods, so-called mat irrigation or bottom irrigation systems, to promote plant growth. Therefore, the present inventors previously proposed a light-reflecting flexible sheet for gardening in Japanese Patent Application No. 4-79704, but the present invention is a further improvement thereof.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 The present invention provides a flexible horticultural sheet for preventing the infestation of aphids, mites and other harmful insects on the underside of plants, preventing leaf overgrowth and promoting the growth of the plants themselves. In particular, in the horticultural method called bottom irrigation system or mat irrigation system, it is laid under the pot so that the light is reflected from the entire surface of the leaf such as the back side of the leaf. It was done. Even though the flexible sheet of the present invention is laid under the pot, not only does the irrigation from the back side (lower side) of the horticultural-like flexible sheet of the present invention laid under the pot be performed without any trouble. Also, when the roots of the growing plant extend outside from the bottom of the pot (such as holes for watering), they do not go into the holes of the flexible sheet of the present invention, so workability is also excellent. A flexible sheet for gardening is provided.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The flexible horticultural sheet of the present invention is a flexible sheet having a light-reflecting property on at least one surface, and water can be transmitted from both front and back sides of the sheet. It is a flexible sheet for gardening characterized by providing a large number of micropores that prevent the penetration of roots, and the density of the micropores provided in the sheet is 1,000 to 1,000,000 pieces / m ² . The present invention provides a flexible sheet for horticulture, which is characterized in that the holes are substantially evenly opened. The reflection of light incident on the flexible horticultural sheet of the present invention is irregularly reflected in random directions so that various parts of the underside of the leaf are evenly distributed as much as possible. If the sheet has a multilayer structure and the light reflecting surface is an intermediate layer, the surface of the intermediate layer that serves as the light reflecting surface is provided with an uneven pattern. By doing so, this effect is fully exerted.

That is, the horticultural flexible sheet (3) of the present invention is, for example, a single film of a material having chemical resistance such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, polyamide, and fluororesin, durability against fertilizer, and weather resistance. Before lamination of the film used for at least one surface of a sheet (1) made of a film or the like obtained by laminating and adhering a plurality of these materials, a layer (2) provided with light reflectivity by performing aluminum vapor deposition or an intermediate layer thereof A flexible sheet provided with a layer that is light-reflecting by aluminum vapor deposition, etc., has a large number of micropores (4) that penetrate water but not plant roots. By adding an uneven pattern (5) to the surface by a method such as embossing, if necessary, even if the flexible sheet of the present invention is laid, sufficient watering from the bottom is possible in the pot to be placed on top. And It has a function of irregularly reflecting light rays.

In addition to the basic functions described above, the flexible sheet used in the present invention requires no cost because it is used for horticultural purposes, and it is easy to handle without light damage. Characteristics are also important. Therefore, after repeated trial and error using various materials, multiple commercially available polypropylene films, polyethylene films, aluminum vapor-deposited polypropylene films, etc., with a thickness of about 10 to 30μ are stacked, and each is subjected to a dry lamination method or the like. It is an inexpensive and necessary function to make fine holes by using a laminated film having a thickness of about 40 to 100 μ (more preferably a thickness of about 55 to 80 μ) that is bonded by adhesion. It has been found to be very useful for satisfying. However, because the physical properties such as tear strength change greatly depending on how to open the micropores, that is, the scattering state (density) of the pores and the size of the pores, the conditions applicable to the flexible gardening sheet are the materials. Will be an important factor along with the choice of.

A preferred example obtained by various experimental results is 0.1 to 1.5 mm in a laminated film obtained by dry laminating an aluminum vapor-deposited polypropylene resin film and a polypropylene resin film with a polyethylene resin film sandwiched therebetween. The holes of 100 to 1,000,000 holes / m ² are formed at substantially equal intervals. As a matter of course, if the diameter of the holes is small, the strength can be kept constant even if the number of the holes is increased, but if the diameter of the holes is increased, the number of the holes must be reduced to keep a constant interval. However, the strength is reduced and it is easy to tear and loses practical value. Further, since it is used for irrigating the bottom surface, the pore diameter is preferably 0.5 mm or more in consideration of the effect of sucking up water, and it is convenient that it is 1.3 mm or less so that the roots do not penetrate.

In addition, the aluminum vapor-deposited polypropylene resin film, which is the material used in the present invention, is embossed to form a concavo-convex pattern (5), and then the polyethylene resin film is sandwiched between the polypropylene resin film and dry laminated to be laminated. Alternatively, if a polyethylene resin film is sandwiched between the aluminum vapor-deposited polypropylene resin film and the polypropylene resin film and the laminate film is embossed on the laminated film to make the entire film uneven, incident light rays are disturbed. The effect of the present invention is particularly remarkable because the light rays hit the underside of the leaf evenly due to the reflection, and the shadow portion where the light rays do not hit decreases. Since the uneven pattern at this time is to diffusely reflect the light rays, it is a pattern in which the light rays are likely to be diffusely reflected, such as a random pattern if possible. It is inappropriate to use a large pattern with too large spaces between parts (or recesses) or, on the contrary, too small a pattern with too large spaces between individual projections (or recesses). In an experiment conducted by the present inventors, a handle having a depth such that the total thickness after embossing is 1.3 times or more, and more preferably 1.6 times or more, that of the state before embossing is suitable. When the pattern was shallower than this, there was almost no difference in effect from the one without the embossed pattern. As for the depth of the handle, at least the thickness after embossing was up to 3 times the thickness before embossing, and the result was obtained without any problem.

[0009]

[Action]

 The flexible sheet for horticultural use of the present invention can be used, for example, by laying a light-reflecting surface upward on a watering mat and cultivating a plant by placing a pot for gardening on the watering mat. It is possible to supply water to the pots and to supply fertilizers through the flexible sheet for gardening of the present invention, and it is possible to apply sufficient light to the back side of the leaves of the garden plant due to the irregular reflection of the light hitting the light reflecting surface. it can. On the other hand, the roots extending from the water supply part at the bottom of the pot to the outside of the pot will try to dive into the holes of the flexible horticultural sheet of the present invention, but the size is set so that the roots cannot penetrate. Since it does not get entangled in the hole of the film or entangled with the mat below after passing through the hole, there is no need to worry about damage to the root when moving the pot during shipping etc., and workability is very good It is a thing.

[0010]

Examples 1 to 4 A polypropylene resin film (OP # 20) having a thickness of 20μ, a polyethylene resin film (PE # 15) having a thickness of 15μ, and an aluminum vapor-deposited polypropylene resin film (VNCPP # 20) having a thickness of 20μ are used. The sheets were arranged in this order and dry-laminated, and a flexible sheet having holes with a diameter of about 1 mm at 5 mm intervals, a flexible sheet having 0.5 mm holes at 5 mm intervals and a 1.3 mm hole at 7 mm intervals were drilled. Made a flexible sheet. A 20 μm thick polypropylene resin film (OP # 20) and a 20 μm thick aluminum vapor-deposited polypropylene resin film (VNCPP # 20) were dried to form holes with a diameter of about 1 mm at intervals of 5 mm. I prepared a sheet. An embossed pattern (model name CM, ES, NZ used by Dynic Co., Ltd.) for a book cloth was pressed on each of the four types of flexible sheets obtained (provided with an uneven pattern). The obtained flexible sheet was used for cultivation of cyclamen. The cultivation method is a bottom mat irrigation method in a greenhouse, and four kinds of flexible sheets of the present invention (each one sheet having three kinds of embossing) are placed on the irrigation mat with the light reflecting surface facing upward. The cyclamen were cultivated by laying them and placing cyclamen pots on them.

[0011]

Comparative Examples 1 to 4 4 types of flexible sheets before embossing used in the above examples (Comparative Examples 1 to 4), and a polypropylene film having a thickness of 40μ in which holes having a diameter of about 1 mm were opened at 5 mm intervals, and a diameter of about A 60 μm-thick polyethylene film (Comparative Examples 5 and 6) in which 1 mm holes were formed at 5 mm intervals was prepared, and the sheets used in the Examples were laid alternately on the irrigation mat, and cyclamen was prepared in the same manner as in the Examples. Was cultivated.

The physical properties and functions of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were as follows. Growth status Mite occurrence status Example 1 ◎ ◎ Example 2 ◎ ◎ Example 3 ◎ ◎ Example 4 ◎ ◎ Comparative Example 1 ○ ○ Comparative Example 2 ○ ○ Comparative Example 3 ○ ○ Comparative Example 4 ○ ○ Comparative Example 5 △ △ Comparative Example 6 △ △ Note, evaluation is ◎ Excellent ○ Good △ Normal × Poor (however, the judgment method is as follows) Growth status Depends on the overall growth status of cyclamen during cultivation, and the condition of flowering and the arrangement of flowering. . ◎ Yu was finished in a good-quality pot with good growth without any partial bias in flowering without any trouble such as changing the direction of the pot. ○ Good growth is good, but if the pots are cultivated without changing the orientation of the pots, the growth and flowering of the parts that receive good reflected light are very good, but the growth and flowering of the shadowed parts are good. Since it will be late, it is necessary to change the direction of the bowl depending on the time. △ Ordinarily the same growth condition as that of the conventional bottom mat watering method that does not use any flexible sheet. Occurrence of ticks ◎ Yu indicates that no ticks were found. ○ Good is a case where the occurrence of mites was seen in only a part. △ Normally, it is equivalent to the conventional bottom mat irrigation system. Both the growth status and the mite occurrence status are the results of tests on 300 pots each.

[0013]

[Effect of device]

 As can be seen from the above Examples and Comparative Examples, the horticultural flexible sheet of the present invention prevents the infestation of aphids, mites and other harmful insects attached to the underside of the plant, and prevents overgrowth of the plant itself. It has a great effect of promoting the growth of cultivated rice, and is very useful especially in the cultivation of cyclamen and the like.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in which a part of a horticultural flexible sheet of the present invention is cut away.

FIG. 2 is a plan view in which a part of the horticultural flexible sheet of the present invention is cut away.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1) Sheet (2) Light reflection imparting layer (3) Gardening flexible sheet (4) Micropores

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A flexible water-impermeable sheet provided with a large number of micropores of a size capable of allowing water to permeate from either side of the front and back, but preventing permeation of plant roots. A horticultural flexible sheet, characterized in that the sheet is provided with a concavo-convex pattern so that at least one surface thereof has a diffuse reflection property. 2. The density of micropores provided in the flexible sheet having diffused light reflection according to claim 1 is from 1000 to 10.
A flexible sheet for horticulture, characterized in that it has holes that are substantially evenly opened so that the number becomes 00000 pieces / m ² .