JPH07317094A - Waterproofing method for wet surface - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve water resistance by a method wherein a composition, consisting of epoxy resin and a cement, is applied as a prime coat material and a composition, consisting of an emulsion of a polymer and an inorganic water curable material, is applied as a waterproofing material. CONSTITUTION:A composition having 1-50wt.% epoxy resin and 5-99wt.% cement, based on the total solid content, and a total amount thereof being 40wt.% or more is prepared as the prime coat material. Further, one kind or more of monomers selected from alkyl (metha) acrylate having an alkyl group of the number of carbons being 4-10 are prepared as a essential constituting monomer and a composition consisting of an emulsion, wherein a polymer having a glass transition point of -20 deg.C or less is emulsified and dispersed in water by a surface active agent, and an inorganic water curable material is prepared as a waterproofing agent. After a prime coat material is applied on the surface of a building, the waterproofing material is applied thereon.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is useful as a waterproof material for structures such as water tanks, underground pits, walls, and roofs whose bases have a wet surface, and can be widely used in the field of civil engineering and construction. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Water tanks for water supply and sewerage made of concrete are caused by cracks in concrete.
It often causes a water leak accident. As a countermeasure, usually, a treatment of applying a waterproof material on the inner surface of the tank is often used. A waterproofing method for a base having a wet surface, such as such a water storage tank, requires that the coating film of the undercoating material and the waterproofing material to be used be excellent in followability due to cracking of the base material. Since it is always in contact with water, it is required to have excellent water resistance and firmly adhere to the substrate even on a wet surface. Here, the base crack crack followability is
After the undercoat material and the waterproof material are applied, when the base is cracked due to hardening shrinkage of concrete or the like, the coating film flexibly follows the elongation of the coating film without breaking. In the water proofing method for water tanks, this property is required to flexibly follow the coating film without being cured even under low temperature conditions in winter, and therefore the coating film is required to have high flexibility. As a waterproofing method performed under such conditions, conventionally, a method of using an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, or an ethylene vinyl acetate resin has been generally used.

[0003]

However, in the conventional waterproofing method, since it is difficult for the waterproof material used to obtain a sufficient adhesive force to the wet surface substrate, it is necessary to sufficiently dry the substrate. In most cases, when the undercoat was not sufficiently dried, swelling or peeling of the coating film occurred. Further, in a waterproofing method using an epoxy resin-based waterproofing material, the waterproofing material is often an organic solvent-based one. When this waterproofing material is used in a waterproofing method for wet surfaces, the base material is wet. Since there are many places where the surface is underground or in a tank, etc., where the degree of airtightness is quite high, the odor is harmful to the worker, which is not preferable for the safety and hygiene of the worker. Waterproofing method using an epoxy resin, the flexibility of the coating film is not sufficient, not only can not follow the cracks occurred in the concrete of the base to cause water leakage, due to the poor water resistance adhesion, Blisters, cracks, or peeling were likely to occur. On the other hand, the construction method using an ethylene vinyl acetate resin-based waterproof material is used as an aqueous emulsion and is generally used by mixing with a cement-based filler. The waterproof material used in this construction method is a water-based waterproof material, which does not have the above-mentioned safety and health problems for workers, and because it is a water-based material, it is suitable for concrete under wet conditions. Although the adhesiveness is relatively excellent, due to the nature of the ethylene vinyl acetate-based resin, there is a problem in water resistance, and swelling, peeling, etc. have occurred due to swelling and softening of the coating film. In addition to these construction methods, the present inventors have examined a construction method using a waterproof material in which an acrylic resin emulsion and various cement-based inorganic fillers are combined, and the composition is water-based, and its coating film Is water resistant,
It was found that the adhesiveness to the base and the crack-following property under wet conditions are superior to those of the above-mentioned waterproof material composition. However, the performance was not sufficient for use in a water tank having a wet surface. The present inventors are a construction method using a water-based undercoat material and a waterproof material, and the coating film is excellent in water resistance, the ability to follow cracks in the substrate, and the adhesion to the substrate under wet conditions such as underground and tanks. In order to find a waterproof construction method, they conducted diligent studies.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have found that the above-mentioned problem is that a surface of a building to be waterproofed is coated with an undercoat material of a polymer cement mortar containing an epoxy resin, and the surface of the undercoat material is The present invention has been completed by finding out that the problem can be solved by applying a waterproof material composed of an acrylic resin emulsion having a glass transition point of −20 ° C. or lower and an inorganic water-curable substance such as cement. That is, the first aspect of the present invention is to apply the following composition (1) as a primer on the surface of a building and then apply the following composition (2) as a waterproof material on the surface of the coating film. A waterproofing method for wet surfaces, which is characterized by (1) containing 1 to 50% by weight of an epoxy resin and 5 to 99% by weight of cement, based on the total solid content, and having a total amount of 40% by weight. % Or more of the composition. (2) at least one monomer selected from alkyl (meth) acrylates having an alkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms,
(Meth) acrylic acid and glycidyl (meth) acrylate are essential constituent monomers, and the glass transition point is -20 ° C.
A composition comprising the following polymer, which is emulsified and dispersed in water by a surfactant, and an inorganic hydraulic substance. In the second invention, the emulsion in the composition (2) comprises one or more monomers 3 selected from alkyl (meth) acrylates having an alkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms.
0-98% by weight, (meth) acrylic acid 0.1-3% by weight
And glycidyl (meth) acrylate 0.1 to 5% by weight
As the essential constituent monomer, the total amount of these essential constituent monomers is 30% by weight or more based on all the constituent monomers, and the polymer having a glass transition point of -20 ° C or lower is a cation. The present invention relates to the wet surface waterproofing method of the first invention, which is emulsified and dispersed in water with a hydrophilic or nonionic surfactant. In this specification, acrylate and methacrylate are referred to as (meth) acrylate, and acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are referred to as (meth) acrylic acid.

1. Undercoat material The undercoat material used in the present invention is a composition (1) comprising an epoxy resin and cement, which is one type of so-called polymer cement mortar.

1-1. Epoxy Resin Various kinds of epoxy resin can be used, for example, an epoxy resin obtained by reacting bisphenol A or its alkylene oxide adduct with epichlorohydrin, or a hydrogenated bisphenol A or its alkylene oxide adduct with epichlorohydrin. The obtained epoxy resin, phenol novolac type epoxy resin, cresol novolac type epoxy resin, etc. can be mentioned. Here, examples of the alkylene oxide include ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. In addition, "Chemistry of Basic Synthetic Resin (New Edition)" (Tadahiro Miwa, published by Gihodo), glycidyl type epoxy resins described on pages 372 to 379, ibid. 38
The non-glycidyl type epoxy resins described on pages 8 to 391 can be mentioned. A glycidyl type epoxy resin is preferable, and a liquid glycidyl type epoxy resin is particularly preferable.
These epoxy resins are commercially available, and examples thereof include Epicoat 828 manufactured by Yuka Shell Epoxy Co., Ltd. The epoxy resin is preferably mixed with the cement in the form of an emulsion. As a surfactant for dispersing the epoxy resin in water, a cationic surfactant may reduce the stability of the emulsion,
Anionic and nonionic surfactants are preferably used. Examples of the nonionic surfactant include polyethylene glycol type surfactants, and examples of the anionic surfactant include alkali metal salts of these sulfates or phosphates. Examples of the polyethylene glycol type surfactant include compounds obtained by adding ethylene oxide to a compound having active hydrogen such as higher alcohol, polyhydric alcohol, oil and fat, higher fatty acid, alkylphenol and amine. Preferred surfactants are alkylphenols or fats and oils, especially ethylene oxide adducts of castor oil. The surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of the surfactant used is usually 1 to 15 with respect to the resin solid content in the emulsion.
% By weight. The amount of epoxy resin in the primer should be 1 to 50% by weight based on the total solids in the primer. If it is out of this range, the followability of the base crack and the adhesiveness to the wet surface are deteriorated.

1-2. Cement Cement is added for the purpose of improving the toughness, water resistance, adhesion to wet surfaces, and dry film formation of the coating film. As the cement, the cement used in ordinary polymer cement can be used, and examples thereof include ordinary Portland cement, alumina cement, and mixed Portland cement such as blast furnace cement, silica cement and fly ash cement. Cement can also use 2 or more types together. The proportion of these cements in the undercoat material is 5 to 9 based on the total solid content in the undercoat material.
It is necessary to be 9% by weight, preferably 5 to 90% by weight. If it is less than 5% by weight, the toughness of the coating film is reduced, and if it is more than 99% by weight, the water resistance adhesion to the waterproof material is reduced. The total amount of epoxy resin and cement must be 40% by weight or more, preferably 50% by weight or more, based on the total solid content of the undercoat material.
If this value is less than 40% by weight, the undercoat material will be difficult to dry or the adhesive strength will be reduced.

1-3. Other Blends Mono or Polyamidoamine Compound A mono or polyamidoamine compound may be blended in the undercoating material used in the present invention, if necessary, in order to improve the film strength of the polymer cement mortar. The mono- or polyamidoamine compound is a mono- or polyamidoamine compound having two or more active hydrogen atoms that react with an epoxy resin in the molecule, and is usually obtained by reacting a polyamine with an acid component such as a polymerized fatty acid and / or a fatty acid with an amine excess. It is obtained by manufacturing. Examples of the polymerized fatty acid include unsaturated fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms such as oleic acid or linoleic acid, drying oil fatty acids, semi-drying oil fatty acids, and those obtained by bimolecularly polymerizing lower monoalcohol esters of these fatty acids. . Examples of the fatty acid include saturated fatty acids such as stearic acid and 2-ethylhexane, unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, soybean oil fatty acids, tall oil fatty acids, and natural oils and fats such as cottonseed oil fatty acids. Examples thereof include fatty acids obtained, hydroxy group-containing fatty acids of castor oil fatty acids or diphenol acids, and fatty acids obtained by treating natural fats and oils containing fatty acids having 12 to 24 carbon atoms. Examples of polyamines include ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, xylylenediamine, and metaphenylenediamine. The content of these is preferably 0.5 to 70% by weight, and more preferably 1 to 30% by weight, based on the epoxy resin in the undercoat material.

Higher fatty acid or salt thereof A higher fatty acid or salt thereof may be added to the undercoating material of the present invention, if necessary, in order to help penetration of the epoxy resin emulsion into the substrate. Specific examples of the higher fatty acid include saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having 10 to 30 carbon atoms such as lauric acid, oleic acid and stearyl acid. Examples of salts of higher fatty acids include alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts of these higher fatty acids, ammonium salts, amine salts such as lower amines and alkanolamines. The content of these is 0.0
It is preferably from 1 to 20% by weight.

Auxiliary agent In the undercoating agent of the present invention, an auxiliary agent such as an aggregate and a waterproofing agent can be used if necessary. As aggregates, river sand, sea sand, silica sand, calcium carbonate, talc, bentonite,
Examples include iron oxide, fly ash, alumina blast furnace water, pigments and the like. These can be added to the composition at a ratio of 300% by weight or less. As a waterproofing agent, sodium silicate, potassium silicate, SBR, NBR, EVA,
Non-reactive resin emulsion such as chloroprene rubber, C
Examples include water-soluble resins such as MC and polyvinyl alcohol. These can be mixed in the waterproof material at a ratio of 30% by weight or less.

2. Waterproof material 2-1. Emulsion ○ Alkyl (meth) acrylate having an alkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms Alkyl (meth) acrylate having an alkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, which is an essential constituent monomer of the polymer used in the waterproof material of the present invention. Is, as a specific example, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, iso-butyl (meth) acrylate,
sec-butyl (meth) actrate, n-amyl (meth) actrate, iso-amyl (meth) actrate,
n-hexyl (meth) actrate, n-heptyl (meth) actrate, oxoheptyl (meth) actrate,
n-octyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, n-nonyl (meth) acrylate,
Oxononyl (meth) acrylate, n-decyl (meth)
Examples thereof include acrylate and oxodecyl (meth) acrylate. A (meth) acrylate having an alkyl group having a carbon number of less than 4 is not preferable from the viewpoint of alkali resistance, while one having a carbon number of more than 10 is not preferable because cold resistance is deteriorated. The ratio of the above monomers in all monomers is
It is preferably 30 to 98% by weight, more preferably 40 to 90% by weight. If this proportion is less than 30% by weight, the coating film cracking followability, water resistance and alkali resistance may deteriorate, while if it exceeds 98% by weight, a coating film of sufficient strength cannot be obtained. There is.

(Meth) acrylic acid The (meth) acrylic acid used in the present invention acts as a cross-linking component with glycidyl (meth) acrylate, which is another essential constituent monomer component in the polymer, and also in the emulsion and the inorganic water. When a hard material is mixed, polyvalent ions such as calcium in the inorganic hydraulic material and carboxyl groups form internal crosslinks to impart toughness to the coating film, and further as a dispersant that imparts kneading stability. Also works. The proportion of these monomers in all is preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight. If this ratio is less than 0.1% by weight, the adhesive strength may be lowered, while if it exceeds 3% by weight, the water resistance and alkali resistance of the coating film may be lowered.

Glycidyl (meth) acrylate The glycidyl (meth) acrylate used in the present invention acts as a crosslinking component and imparts toughness to the coating film. Glycidyl (meth) acrylate is preferably contained in the total monomer in a proportion of 0.1 to 5% by weight, more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 3% by weight from the viewpoint of polymerization operation. Good If the amount of glycidyl (meth) acrylate is less than 0.1% by weight, the adhesive strength may be reduced. On the other hand, if the amount of glycidyl (meth) acrylate is more than 5% by weight, the toughness of the coating film may be too great, and aggregation may occur during the polymerization process. Things can easily occur.

Other monomers In the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned essential monomers, a monomer having an unsaturated ethylene bond which can be copolymerized therewith can be used, if necessary. Examples include styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate and the like. These can be used in a ratio of less than 70% by weight based on all monomers. Also, a (meth) acrylate having an alkyl group having 3 or less carbon atoms such as methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, and iso-propyl (meth) acrylate can be obtained. It can be used within a range that does not adversely affect the physical properties of the film, specifically, 0.1 to 28% by weight based on all monomers.

Glass Transition Point The polymer used in the present invention is a polymer having a glass transition point (hereinafter referred to as Tg point) of −20 ° C. or lower among the polymers obtained by polymerizing the above monomers. Those having a Tg point of more than -20 ° C. are not preferable because they are poor in base cracking and have poor followability, adhesiveness is lowered, and in many cases water resistance is poor. The Tg point of the polymer used in the present invention is a temperature at which various properties of the amorphous polymer suddenly change, and below this temperature, the molecular segment motion of the amorphous portion of the polymer is frozen. The Tg point of the polymer in the present invention is determined by measuring the thermal expansion at various temperatures, plotting the specific volume against each temperature, and determining the temperature at the point of bending in the obtained curve. To be measured. Since the value of the Tg point of a polymer composed of individual single monomers is known,
The value of the Tg point of the copolymer can be roughly calculated by the following calculation formula.

[0016]

[Formula 1]

CA: Component A weight fraction CB; Component B weight fraction TgA; Component A homopolymer Tg point (absolute temperature) TgB; Component B homopolymer Tg point (absolute temperature) where CA + CB = 1.

The main polymers having a Tg point of -20 ° C or lower (Tg point in parentheses) are polyethyl acrylate (-
22 ° C, poly-n-butyl acrylate (-54
C), poly-2-ethylhexyl acrylate (-85
C.), etc., and a polymer having a Tg point of -20.degree. ), Polymethacrylic acid (130 ℃)
Etc. (For the Tg points of polymers other than these,
(Refer to the Chemical Handbook published by Maruzen Co., Ltd.) An example of calculating the Tg point of the copolymer is shown below. The Tg point of the copolymer of 70 parts by weight of butyl acrylate and 30 parts by weight of styrene is calculated from the equation (1). It becomes -23 degreeC.

Emulsion The emulsion used in the present invention can be easily obtained by polymerizing the above-mentioned monomer in water by a conventional method, preferably in the presence of the following cationic or nonionic surfactant. Is the solid content concentration of the obtained emulsion,
It is performed so as to be 30 to 70% by weight. Further, the pH value of this emulsion is preferably from 7 to 10 from the viewpoint of stability, and the pH of the emulsion is adjusted by using ammonia, a water-soluble amine, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or the like.
It is preferable to adjust the value. However, as long as the emulsion has good stability even in a weakly acidic or acidic region, it can be sufficiently used as it is for the purpose of the present invention. The emulsion used in the present invention may contain an antifoaming agent as another component. As the defoaming agent, generally used defoaming agents such as octyl alcohol, capryl alcohol, auryl alcohol and cyclohexanol can be used. The content of the defoaming agent is preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight based on the polymer solid content.

Various kinds of surfactants can be used for the preparation of the emulsion used in the present invention, preferably nonionic,
It is a cationic surfactant. Anionic surfactants may reduce the water resistance of the coating film and may not be preferable for the application of the present invention in which water is constantly contacted. As the cationic surfactant that can be used in the present invention, various ones can be used, and specifically, trimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride, trimethyl dodecyl ammonium chloride, trimethyl hexadecyl ammonium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, distearyl. Quaternary ammonium salts such as dimethylammonium chloride and trimethylstearylammonium chloride, dimethyloctylamine, dimethyldecylamine, dimethyllaurylamine, dimethylmyristylamine, dimethylpalmitylamine, dimethylstearylamine, dimethyloleylamine, trioctylamine, N-methyl Tertiary amines such as morpholine, dimethylbenzylamine and polyoxyethylene alkylamine And the like. As the nonionic surfactant that can be used in the present invention, any nonionic surfactant can be used as long as it is usually used in an acrylic emulsion. Specific examples include polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether, and other polyoxyethylene alkyl or alkylphenol ethers, sorbitan monostearate. , Sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan distearate, sorbitan monooleate and sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate and other polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, and glycerin monofatty acid Esters and the like can be mentioned. Among these surfactants, particularly in terms of good polymerization stability and mechanical and chemical stability,
It is preferable to use a polyethylene oxide nonionic surfactant having an HLB value of 15 or more. The content of the surfactant may vary depending on the properties required for the emulsion, but in order to improve the stability of the emulsion, it is preferable that the content of the surfactant is large, the drying property and the coating film. In order to improve the water resistance of, it is preferable that the compounding amount is small. A suitable blending amount range is 1 to 10% by weight based on the polymer solid content of the emulsion, and the blending amount may be determined according to the purpose.

2-2. Inorganic hydraulic substance The inorganic hydraulic substance used in the present invention, when incorporated into the emulsion, makes the coating film of the obtained composition tough, and also has water resistance of the coating film, adhesion to wet surface and dry film formation. It is possible to improve the sex. Examples of the inorganic hydraulic material include various cements, anhydrous and hemihydrate gypsum, quicklime, zinc white, and the like. Of these, it is preferable to use cement, for example, ordinary Portland cement, alumina cement, early strength cement, fly ash cement, blast furnace cement, white cement, colloidal cement and moderate heat Portland cement, and among these, further, Particularly, Portland cement or alumina cement, which is easily available and can sufficiently exert the effects of the present invention, is preferable. These inorganic hydraulic substances are
10 based on 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the emulsion
It is preferable to mix it up to 300 parts by weight. If it is less than 10 parts by weight, the toughness of the coating film is insufficient and the adhesion to the wet surface may be poor, which is not preferable. 300
If it exceeds the weight part, the flexibility of the coating film is not sufficient,
The cracking of the base may not be sufficient. Two or more kinds of inorganic hydraulic substances can be used in combination.

2-3. Other Components The waterproof material used in the present invention may be one in which a general-purpose filler is blended. When compounding a filler,
In some cases, effects such as improvement of coating workability, imparting toughness to the coating film, and reduction of coating film tack are observed. As a specific example of the filler, a general-purpose filler such as silica sand, talc, calcium carbonate, kaolin, gypsum and diatomaceous earth can be used. The compounding amount of the filler is preferably 20 to 600 parts by weight with respect to the inorganic hydraulic substance in the composition. If the amount is less than 20 parts by weight, the compounding effect of the filler is not particularly observed, and if it is 600 parts by weight or more, the coating film may have poor crack followability and high viscosity, resulting in poor coating workability. is there.

3. Construction Method Next, the waterproof construction method of the present invention will be described. In the waterproofing method of the present invention, the undercoat material (1) is applied on the surface of a building, and the waterproof material (2) is applied on the surface of the coating film. The undercoating material and the waterproofing material may be applied in a usual manner.For example, the undercoating material may be applied with a trowel, a brush or a roller, or sprayed by a machine such as a resin gun or a spray gun. There is a method of applying the material with a brush or a roller or spraying it with a machine such as a resin gun or a spray gun. Although the viscosity of the waterproof material depends on the construction method, it is 300 cps or more (B
Type viscometer, 12 revolutions, rotor no. 4 and 20 ° C.) is preferable because it is excellent in workability, and more preferably 1000 to 50000 cps. Viscosity is 300c
If it is smaller than ps, it becomes difficult to apply thick coating at one time, and if the viscosity is high, there is an advantage that thick coating can be applied, but there may be a difficulty in construction. The waterproof material is preferably applied so that the film thickness after film formation is 300 μm or more, and more preferably 500 to 3000 μm.
m. If the film thickness is less than 300 μm, the followability of the base crack may decrease and cause water leakage. If the film thickness is too thick, the followability of the base crack is improved and cracks and cracks are less likely to occur. Although there are advantages, the amount of waterproof material used only increases, the corresponding effect cannot be obtained, and the interior of the coating film may become difficult to dry.

Topcoat Material The waterproof material of the present invention may be applied with a topcoat material for the purpose of improving the appearance. As the overcoat material, acrylic resin, acrylic urethane resin, acrylic silicone resin,
Examples thereof include fluororesin and epoxy resin.

[0025]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. In the following, "part" means "part by weight" and "%" means "% by weight". Example 1 (1) Manufacture of undercoating material 60 parts of a bisphenol type epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent of about 190 was melt-mixed with 5 parts of a 40 mol adduct of ethylenoxide of nonylphenol, a nonionic surfactant, at about 60 ° C. The mixture was stirred with a homomixer, and 35 parts of water was gradually added thereto to invert the phase to obtain 100 parts of an epoxy resin emulsion (epoxy resin content: 60%). The obtained epoxy resin emulsion and the following components were put in a mixing tank and stirred for about 5 minutes to obtain polymer cement mortar (ratio to solid content of undercoat material: epoxy resin 12.8% by weight, cement 85% by weight). . This is referred to as undercoat material P-1. Epoxy resin emulsion: 100 parts Portland cement: 400 parts Water: 200 parts Monoamide polyamine (tetraethylene pe: 40 parts Manufactured from namine and cottonseed oil fatty acid, amine value about 380, solid content 15%) Sodium lauric acid: 4 Department

(2) Production of waterproof material 103.5 parts of ion-exchanged water was placed in a stainless steel reaction kettle equipped with a stirrer with an internal volume of 20 liters, and the internal temperature was 80 ° C.
After heating to 2-ethylhexyl acrylate 72
Part, 1 part of methyl acrylate, 25 parts of styrene, 1 part of glycidyl methacrylate, 1 part of acrylic acid, 0.5 part of azobisaminopropane hydrochloride, 3 parts of polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether (HLB18.5). , Continuously added dropwise with stirring, while 2, as a polymerization catalyst
1 part of 2'-azobis-2-aminodipropane was continuously added dropwise with stirring to carry out a polymerization reaction, and after 6 hours, the polymerization reaction was completed to obtain an emulsion having a solid content concentration of 50%. The Tg point of the emulsion was -54 ° C. This is called acrylic emulsion E-1. 100 parts of acrylic emulsion E-1 and 50 parts of alumina cement are mixed,
I got a waterproof material. This is called waterproof material C-1.

(3) Preparation of test piece A concrete plate (3
0 × 30 × 5 cm), a slate plate (30 × 30 × 0.5 cm) as a test object for the ground crack followability test, and a mortar plate having a diameter of 15φ × 4 cm as a test sample for a pressurized water permeation test. Each of the plate, a primer material adjusted by the, dried was uniformly applied by trowel, only 2.0 kg / m ² spray a waterproofing material in an air spray gun onto the coating film, 2
0 ° C., 60% R. H. It was left for 7 days under the conditions to obtain a test specimen for evaluation. For the adhesion test to a wet substrate, a concrete plate was submerged in water for 1 week, and as shown in FIG. 1, one-third of it was exposed on the water surface and left for 4 hours.

(4) Adhesion Test on Wet Surface Underlayer The prepared test piece was evaluated for adhesion by peeling by hand (peeling test). In addition, the adhesive strength was measured by a Kenken-type adhesive strength tester, and the breaking point was recorded. As a result of the peeling test, the coating film obtained by the waterproofing method of Example 1 has good adhesiveness, and the adhesive strength in the Kenken-type adhesive strength test is 12 k.
It was as large as gf / cm ^2, and the peeling point was also the destruction of the waterproof material base material, and the adhesive strength on the wet surface base was good.

(5) Underground crack follow-up test The produced test piece was divided into 8 equal parts (150 × 75 × 5 mm),
Make a cut on the slate surface that has not been coated,
It processed into the test piece for base crack follow-up test shown in FIG. This test body was subjected to a tensile test in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2 at a tensile speed of 5 mm / min to measure the following crack width when a pinhole or breakage occurred in the coating film. The coating film obtained by the waterproofing method of Example 1 had an excellent crack-following property of 4 mm.

(6) Pressurized water permeation test The prepared test body was tested according to JIS A 1404.
The coating film of Example 1 had a water permeability of 0.005 g to 0.23 g at a water pressure of 1 to 5 kgf / cm ² , which was very excellent.

Examples 2 to 4 As the undercoat material, the undercoat material P- having the compositions shown in Table 2 which differ only in the proportions of the epoxy resin and the cement in the undercoat material P-1.
2, P-3 and P-4 were used. An acrylic emulsion was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the monomers and surfactants having the compositions shown in Table 1 below were used. This is called acrylic emulsion E-2. A waterproof material was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the emulsion and alumina cement were used. This is called waterproof material C-2. Waterproofing was performed using these undercoat materials and waterproof materials. The results are shown in Table 2. It is understood that, within the range of the present invention, excellent performance is exhibited even if the weight ratio of the cement of the undercoat material is changed.

[0032]

[Table 1]

[0033]

[Table 2] 1) A: Breakage of waterproof material base material 2) Value at water pressure of 1 kgf / cm ² .

Examples 5 to 7 An epoxy resin polymer cement mortar (trade name "Aron Epomol") manufactured by Toagosei Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. was used as the undercoat material. This is referred to as undercoat material P-5. Three kinds of acrylic emulsions E-3 and E-3 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the monomers and the surfactants having the compositions shown in Table 3 below were used.
-4 and E-5 were produced. A waterproof material having the composition shown in Table 4 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 100 parts of each emulsion, 30 parts of alumina cement and 30 parts of No. 8 silica stone were used. Waterproofing was performed using these undercoat materials and waterproof materials. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0035]

[Table 3]

[0036]

[Table 4]

[0037]

[Table 5] 1) A: Breakage of waterproof material base material 2) Value at water pressure of 1 kgf / cm ² .

Comparative Examples 1 to 3 As the undercoat materials, the undercoat materials P-6 and P- in Table 6 differing only in the proportions of epoxy resin and cement in the undercoat material P-1.
7 and P-8 were used. The waterproof material C-1 used in Example 1 was used as the waterproof material. Waterproofing was performed using these undercoat materials and waterproof materials. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0039]

[Table 6] 1) B: Undercoat material / underlying interface destruction 2) Value at water pressure of 1 kgf / cm ² .

Comparative Examples 4 and 5 Undercoat material P-5 was used as the undercoat material. Two acrylic emulsions E-6 and E-7 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the monomers and surfactants having the compositions shown in Table 7 below were used.
Was manufactured. Waterproof materials C-6 and C-7 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the emulsion and alumina cement having the compositions shown in Table 8 were used. Waterproofing was performed using these undercoat materials and waterproof materials. The results are shown in Table 9.

[0041]

[Table 7]

[0042]

[Table 8]

[0043]

[Table 9] 1) A: Breakage of waterproof material base material 2) Value at water pressure of 1 kgf / cm ² .

Comparative Example 6 A test piece was prepared by applying only the undercoat material P-1. As a result, the adhesive strength to the base was 18 kgf / cm ² , the crack resistance of the base was 0.1 mm, and the water pressure in the pressurized water permeability test was 1 mm.
The water permeability at 15 kg / cm ² was 15 g to 35 g.

Comparative Example 7 A test piece was prepared by applying only the waterproof material C-1. As a result, the adhesive strength with the base is 1.5 kgf / cm ² ,
Peeling occurred from the interface between the waterproof material and the base, and there was a significant delay in curing. Substrate crack compliance is 6 mm (with span)
The water permeability of the pressurized water permeability test is 1 to 5 kg / cm ² and the water permeability is
It was 0.005-0.25g.

[0046]

According to the waterproof method of the present invention, even when the waterproof substrate is a wet surface, the obtained coating film has excellent adhesion to the substrate, substrate crack-following property, and water impermeability, and thus the reliability is improved. Since a high waterproof layer can be formed and the undercoating material and the waterproof material used are water-based, the worker can safely perform the construction work.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a concrete board used in a wet surface foundation adhesion test, which is immersed in water after being submerged for one week.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a test body used in a base crack followability test in Examples and Comparative Examples, (a) is a top view, and (b) is a side view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Concrete board 2 Water 3 Coating film of undercoating material and waterproof material

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A wet surface characterized by applying the following composition (1) as a primer on the surface of a building and then applying the following composition (2) as a waterproofing material on the surface of the coating film. Waterproof construction method. (1) A composition containing 1 to 50% by weight of an epoxy resin and 5 to 99% by weight of cement, based on the total solid content, and the total amount of these being 40% by weight or more. (2) at least one monomer selected from alkyl (meth) acrylates having an alkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms,
(Meth) acrylic acid and glycidyl (meth) acrylate are essential constituent monomers, and the glass transition point is -20 ° C.
A composition comprising the following polymer, which is emulsified and dispersed in water by a surfactant, and an inorganic hydraulic substance. 2. The emulsion in the composition (2) comprises 30 to 98% by weight of one or more monomers selected from alkyl (meth) acrylates having an alkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and (meth) acrylic acid. 0.1 to 3% by weight and glycidyl (meth) acrylate of 0.1 to 5% by weight are used as essential constituent monomers, and the total amount of these essential constituent monomers is 30% by weight based on all constituent monomers. The waterproofing method for wet surfaces according to claim 1, wherein the polymer having the above-mentioned glass transition point of -20 ° C or less is emulsified and dispersed in water by a cationic or nonionic surfactant.