JPH07316562A - Method for making plastic-containing waste harmless and utilizing as carbon resource - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a process for the treatment of a plastic-containing waste by thermally decomposing a waste optionally under dehydrochlorination treatment, converting the solid carbon and tar remaining in a container into a solid fuel and effectively utilizing the fuel. CONSTITUTION:A waste F is sealed in a closed vessel 1 in oxygen-free state. The vessel 1 is heated and maintained at about 250-600 deg.C and connected to a suction exhaustion system containing a liquid filter 9a capable of neutralizing or adsorbing chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas. Even if chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas is generated by heating, the thermal decomposition of the waste is continued while removing the gas from the vessel 1. The tar of the waste F and the solid carbon containing the tar are collected and formed in the form of block with a press, etc., to obtain a solid fuel.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste (hereinafter simply referred to as waste) containing plastics such as vinyl chloride resin sheet which is used and discarded in an agricultural vinyl house. The present invention relates to a detoxification treatment method, and more particularly, to a method for recovering solid carbides and tars generated by the treatment to convert them into carbon resources or solid fuels.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art If wastes containing plastics such as vinyl chloride are simply incinerated, harmful gases such as chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas or dioxin may be released into the air. Therefore, since there is a problem of environmental pollution, development of an effective detoxification treatment method is required.

In view of such a demand, the inventor of the present invention has previously proposed, as a treatment method capable of rendering a waste material containing plastics such as vinyl chloride and the like harmless, in Japanese Patent Application No. Proposed processing method of 271220. In this treatment method, the waste is heated to a required temperature in an airtight container under anoxic conditions so that chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas produced from the waste is almost completely captured. By neutralizing, the main content is to carbonize the waste in the closed container.

When the waste containing vinyl chloride is treated by the above-mentioned method, the waste remains as a residue in the form of a carbon solid in a closed container, and at the same time, the inner surface of the container and the above-mentioned residual solid are removed. It was found that a significant amount of tar content remained on the surface.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, according to the present invention, when the waste is subjected to dehydrochlorination treatment and pyrolysis treatment, solid carbon content and tar content remaining in the container are converted into solid fuel. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for treating wastes, which can effectively use methane as fuel.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structure of the processing method of the present invention is such that waste containing plastics is contained in an oxygen-free airtight container, and the inside of the container is set to about While heating and holding at about 250 ~ 600 ℃, by connecting the suction exhaust system equipped with a liquid filter having a neutralizing function or adsorbing function of chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas to the container, the above-mentioned at the time of heating. When chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas is generated from the waste in the container and the pyrolysis treatment is performed to remove the chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas, the tar component generated from the waste and carbon containing the tar component are generated. It is characterized in that the solid content is collected and is made into a block by a press or the like.

[0007]

The carbon solid content containing the tar component is mixed with another carbon component or the tar component or molten plastics,
Or, without mixing, heat and soften the carbon solid content,
In this state, solid fuel can be obtained from waste containing plastics by forming it into an appropriate shape and blocking.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of an example of a treatment system for carrying out a method for detoxifying waste containing plastics according to the method of the present invention and forming a solid fuel as an example of the usage form of carbon resources, and FIG. 2 is a residue. It is a perspective view of the solid fuel formed in.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 is an example of a processing container used in the method of the present invention, in which a space is provided in a heat insulating outer container 1a.
1c is formed to accommodate the thermally conductive inner container 1b,
The inside of the inner container 1b can be heated to a desired temperature by connecting the heat source 2 having a heat supply path 2a for supplying and discharging hot air and a heat discharge path 2b to 1c.

The containers 1a and 1b are provided with canopies 3a and 3b, which are opened and closed in conjunction with each other, and bottom lids 4a and 4b, which are associated with bottom portions, respectively. An electric heater 2'which serves as an auxiliary heat source is provided on the outer surface, inner surface, or both inner and outer surfaces of the inner container 1b. The inner container 1b is led out of the processing container 1 to form an exhaust pipe 5 having an opening / closing cock 5a.

Reference numerals 61 and 62 denote exhaust pipes connected to the exhaust pipe 5 and branched into two systems via a switching valve 6a. The exhaust pipe 61 is connected to a suction fan type suction means 7 for suction. The deodorizing means 8 by thermal decomposition is connected to the exhaust side 71 of the means 7.

On the other hand, the exhaust pipe 62 is connected to a liquid filter type chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas (hereinafter simply referred to as chlorine) removing means 9, and the exhaust side 91 of the chlorine removing means 9 is five. Is selectively connected to the exhaust gas cooling means 11 and / or the cooling type oil content collecting means 12 via the switching valves 10a to 10e, and is connected to the suction side of the suction means 7. In addition, 11a is a cooling chamber and 12a is an oil recovery tank.

With the above structure, the inner container of the processing container 1
A waste F containing, for example, vinyl chloride for agriculture is contained in 1b, the canopies 3a, 3b, and the bottom covers 4a, 4b are sealed, and the waste F is pyrolyzed in anoxic state F. Will be possible.

That is, first, open the valve 5a of the exhaust pipe 5,
The switching valves 6a and 10b, 10d, 10e are placed on the side where the exhaust pipe 61 and the suction side of the suction means 7 are directly connected to each other, and the suction means 7 is operated to depressurize the inside of the inner container 1b to an appropriate degree of vacuum. An oxygen-free state is established, and hot air is introduced from the heat source 2 into the void 1c of the container 1 in this state.

When the heating is started, at least the switching valve 6a and the switching valves 10a, 10b, 10d and 10e connect the exhaust pipe 61 to the chlorine removing means 9.
And the exhaust side 91 of the removing means 9 is positioned on the side connected to the suction means 7.

As a result, the waste material F contained in the closed container 1 is heat-treated in a decompression container under anoxic conditions. However, in the present invention, the temperature in the inner container 1b is controlled by the container. Although it depends on the degree of vacuum of 1b, it is heated and held at around 250 to 260 ° C., chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas is separated and generated from the vinyl chloride of the waste F, and this chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas is mixed with chlorine. The inside of the liquid filter 9a made of the neutralizing agent is passed by the suction force of the suction means 7 to be removed. If chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas is not generated from waste F, the heating temperature is about 250
Heat at an appropriate temperature above ℃ to about 600 ℃. When the heating temperature is raised and the heating is performed, the gasification rate of the waste F increases, so that the volume reduction rate of the waste F can be increased.

The chlorine removing means 9 is shown in FIG.
Only two are installed, but two or more are connected in series or connected in parallel, and chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, or other generated gas components are selectively used for separation and removal. can do. In this case, liquid filters corresponding to different gas components to be removed are used, and the target chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas and the other gas components are separately removed. This is optional in the present invention.

Although the chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas is removed or the hydrogen chloride gas or other gas components are removed as described above, the thermal decomposition treatment of the waste F proceeds, but When removing gas components, lower the exhaust temperature,
In order to recover the oil content from the exhaust gas, in the illustrated processing system of the method of the present invention, the cooling means 11 and the oil content recovery means 12 are provided with a switching valve.
It is inserted between the exhaust side 91 of the gas removing means 9 and the suction means 7 via 10a to 10e.

In this way, the chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas was removed and the sample was placed in the closed container 1 under reduced pressure in an oxygen-free state at an appropriate heating temperature in the range of approximately 250 to 600 ° C. Since the carbon solid content including the tar content remains as a residue in the inner container 1b, the waste F is used in the present invention to form a solid fuel by using this residue. This point will be described below.

Below the bottom lids 4a and 4b in the closed container 1, as an example, compression molding means 13 mainly composed of a cylinder 13a and a piston 13b is arranged. This forming means 13
On the upper surface of the cylinder 13a, facing the bottom lids 4a and 4b, an openable lid 13c is provided to form an inlet for the residue C, and the tip end side of the cylinder 13a is molded. A product outlet 13d is provided. A heater 14 is arranged on the outer circumference of the cylinder 13a so that the contained residue C can be heated.

When the piston 13b is positioned at the retracted position, the molding means 13 opens the lid 13c and opens the bottom lids 4a and 4b of the closed container 1 to remove the residue C of the waste F processed.
That is, the carbon solid content C is dropped into the vacant chamber of the molding means 13. When the residue C is charged, the lid 13c is closed and the piston 13b is advanced to compress the residue C to form a solid molded product having a cross-sectional shape of the cylinder 13a. This results in the solid fuel T ₁ illustrated in FIG. Or it will be T ₂ .

The solid fuel T ₁ or T ₂ thus formed is taken out by opening the outlet 13d and used as it is or after being crushed into a required size. Since the solid fuels T ₁ and T ₂ are gasified at about 250 to 600 ° C.,
You may make it heat by another heating decomposition furnace (not shown), gasify, and burn it. Above solid fuel T ₁ , T ₂
In the present invention, in the present invention, the heater 14 arranged around the cylinder 13 is operated to heat the residue C at about 200 ° C.,
To soften the tar component adhering to the residue C to improve the moldability, or to add the separately collected tar component to the residue C and soften it by heating to mold it into the required shape. There is also. In addition, the tar amount recovered in the process of the present invention is
It may be used to form other wastes, for example, pyrolyzed carbon content of paper into solid fuel. Furthermore,
The residue C may be mixed with carbides obtained by thermally decomposing other wastes or plastics in a molten state in addition to the above-mentioned tar, and the solid fuels T ₁ and T ₂ may be molded in this state. .

Solid fuels T ₁ and T thus obtained
₂ can be used as a heat source by, for example, thermally decomposing in a heating furnace as a fuel for heating an agricultural vinyl house or the like, gasifying it and burning it. Since this can reduce the use of fossil fuels in so-called house agriculture, the fuel cost can be significantly reduced, and the CO ₂ and heat obtained when the fuels T ₁ and T ₂ are burned are:
By supplying into the vinyl house, heat and carbon dioxide gas for adjusting the growth of the crops grown in the house can be easily obtained at low cost. The solid fuels T ₁ and T ₂ may have other arbitrary shapes.

[0024]

Industrial Applicability The present invention is as described above, and when treating wastes containing plastics such as vinyl chloride sheet for agriculture, harmful chlorine gas or toxic gas is required when treating the wastes. Pyrolysis while removing hydrogen chloride gas almost completely,
Residual solid carbide and tar content obtained by this treatment,
Alternatively, these are mixed with other molten plastics or carbides obtained by pyrolyzing other wastes, and both are heated and softened to form a solid fuel, so wastes containing plastics such as vinyl chloride are rendered harmless. It can be processed, and the processing residue can be reused as fuel, and therefore it is extremely economical and extremely useful in industry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of an example of a processing system for carrying out a method for detoxifying waste by the method of the present invention and forming a solid fuel as an example of a usage form of carbon resources.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a solid fuel formed of a residue.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Closed container 2 Heating means 3a, 3b Canopy 4a, 4b Bottom lid 5,61,62 Exhaust pipe 7 Suction means 8 Deodorizing means 9 Chlorine removing means 13 Forming means

Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location C10L 5/48 // C10G 1/10 2115-4H

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A waste containing plastics is housed in an oxygen-free airtight container, the inside of the container is heated to about 250 to 600 ° C. and held, and the container contains chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride. By connecting a suction / exhaust system equipped with a liquid filter having a gas neutralizing function or an adsorbing function, when chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas is generated in the container from the waste during heating, they are removed. When the thermal decomposition treatment is performed, a tar component generated from the waste and a carbon solid content containing the tar component are collected, and the waste is contained in plastics, which is blocked by a press or the like. A method of detoxifying an object to convert it into a carbon resource. 2. When the carbon solid containing a tar component is blocked by a press or the like, the carbon solid is heated with a heater or hot air to be softened, and the carbon solid is appropriately molded into a block and cooled. A method for detoxifying the waste containing the plastics according to claim 1, which is made into a solid fuel, by using the method to convert it into a carbon resource. 3. The heating temperature of the residual carbon solid content is such that the contained tar content is softened or melted without vaporization.
The method for detoxifying waste containing plastics according to claim 2, which has a temperature of about 150 to 250 ° C, to convert it into a carbon resource. 4. When the residual carbon solid content is blocked, a tar component recovered during dechlorination or dehydrochlorination treatment of vinyl chloride waste, or obtained at another place. 4. A carbon resource is produced by detoxifying a waste containing plastics according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein any one of carbon components of different materials or molten plastics is added to and mixed with the carbon solid content. how to. 5. A method of detoxifying a waste containing plastics according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a carbon component in an appropriate state is added to the carbon solid content to be softened by heating, thereby converting it into a carbon resource. 6. A method for detoxifying a waste containing plastics according to any one of claims 2 to 5 for decomposing the solid fuel-ized carbon resource into gas and burning it.