JPH07316535A - Method for melting snow or preventing freezing by using thermal storage material composition - Google Patents

Method for melting snow or preventing freezing by using thermal storage material composition

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Publication number
JPH07316535A
JPH07316535A JP13483194A JP13483194A JPH07316535A JP H07316535 A JPH07316535 A JP H07316535A JP 13483194 A JP13483194 A JP 13483194A JP 13483194 A JP13483194 A JP 13483194A JP H07316535 A JPH07316535 A JP H07316535A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
storage material
freezing
heat storage
material composition
snow melting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP13483194A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroyuki Kakiuchi
博行 垣内
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Chemical Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Priority to JP13483194A priority Critical patent/JPH07316535A/en
Publication of JPH07316535A publication Critical patent/JPH07316535A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To carry out snow melting and freezing prevention of an open-air structure such as a road without using a heat source device of an artificial means and without polluting an environment, by using a semipermeably usable thermal storage material composition comprising an inorganic hydrated salt, a supercooling inhibitor and a phase separation inhibitor. CONSTITUTION:A thermal storage material composition comprising (A) at least one inorganic hydrated salt (preferably sodium sulfate decahydrate), (B) 0.1-10wt.% of a supercooling inhibitor (preferably at least one of borax, a silicate and cryolite) and (C) 0.1-10wt.% of a phase separation inhibitor (preferably at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose, attapulgite clay and a water-insoluble water-absorbing resin) and has preferably 0-10 deg.C) freezing point is packed into a container, which is arranged on an open-air structure such a road, a bridge. The composition accumulates heat during rise in temperature and causes a change in phase during drop in temperature and latent heat is released to melt snow and to prevent freezing.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、蓄熱材組成物を用いる
屋外構造物の融雪または凍結防止方法に関するものであ
り、用途としては、道路、橋梁、駐車場、広場、歩道、
カーブミラー、交通標識、道路案内板、屋根、屋根瓦及
び塀等がある。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for preventing snow melting or freezing of an outdoor structure using a heat storage material composition, which is used as a road, a bridge, a parking lot, a plaza, a sidewalk,
There are curved mirrors, traffic signs, road guide boards, roofs, roof tiles and fences.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】融雪および凍結防止方法として、道路、
橋梁、駐車場、広場、歩道など屋外構造物では、融雪剤
の散布、路面への散水および路面の下に温水パイプまた
はヒーターの敷設などが行われている。融雪剤の散布
は、自動車の車体や橋脚などを腐食させ、環境汚染の原
因となることも懸念されている。路面への散水は効果的
であるが、水を大量に使用するためランニングコストが
高いことや水資源の有効利用に問題がある。路面の下に
温水パイプやヒーターを敷設する方法も効果的である
が、温水パイプ方式のものでは、人工的手段の熱源装置
で温水を作り、これを循環させるためにランニングコス
トが高くなる難点がある。これはヒーターを利用する場
合も同様であり、いずれの場合においてもランニングコ
ストの低減が強く求められているのが現状である。ま
た、交通事故を未然に防止するために設置されているカ
ーブミラー、交通標識および道路案内板など、自動車や
オートバイなどが通行するのに重要な情報を提供する装
置が冬期には粉雪が付着し、気温の低下と共に付着した
雪が氷結してしまい本来の機能を果たさないことが往々
にしてある。安全面から、これらの装置が常に機能する
ことが強く求められているが、現状では有効な手段がな
い。
2. Description of the Related Art As a method for preventing snow melting and freezing, roads,
In outdoor structures such as bridges, parking lots, plazas, and sidewalks, snow melting agents are sprayed, water is sprayed onto the road surface, and hot water pipes or heaters are laid under the road surface. It is feared that the spray of snow-melting agent will corrode the car body and piers of automobiles and cause environmental pollution. Sprinkling water on the road surface is effective, but it uses a large amount of water, so running costs are high and there is a problem in effective use of water resources. The method of laying a hot water pipe or heater under the road surface is also effective, but the hot water pipe method has a drawback that the running cost becomes high because hot water is made by the heat source device of artificial means and circulates this. is there. This is also the case when a heater is used, and in any case, there is a strong demand for a reduction in running cost. In addition, equipment that provides important information for cars and motorcycles to pass, such as curve mirrors, traffic signs and road signs installed to prevent traffic accidents, adheres to powder snow in winter. However, as the temperature drops, the snow that adheres to it often freezes and does not perform its intended function. For safety, it is strongly required that these devices always function, but at present, there is no effective means.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、人工
的手段の熱源装置を使用せず、環境を汚染することな
く、半永久的に使用可能な蓄熱材組成物を用いた融雪ま
たは凍結防止方法の提供にある。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to prevent snow melting or freezing by using a heat storage material composition which can be used semipermanently without using a heat source device of artificial means and without polluting the environment. It is in the provision of methods.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、 「1. 無機水和塩の少なくとも一種、過冷却防止剤お
よび相分離防止剤からなる蓄熱材組成物を道路、橋梁、
等の屋外構造物に配置し、気温の昇温時に蓄熱し、降下
時に相変化して潜熱を放熱することによる融雪または凍
結防止方法。 2. 前記蓄熱材組成物の凝固点が0℃より高く、10
℃未満である、1項に記載された融雪または凍結防止方
法。 3. 前記蓄熱材組成物の無機水和塩が硫酸ナトリウム
10水和塩である、1項または2項に記載された融雪ま
たは凍結防止方法。 4. 前記蓄熱材組成物が硫酸ナトリウム10水和塩と
塩化アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、塩化ナトリウ
ム、臭化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、臭化カリウム、硫
酸アンモニウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カリウム、硝酸
アンモニウム、硝酸ナトリウムおよび硝酸カリウムから
なる群から選ばれた少なくとも1または2以上の無機塩
を含有する、1項ないし3項のいずれか1項に記載され
た融雪または凍結防止方法。 5. ホウ砂、ケイ酸塩及び氷晶石からなる群から選ば
れた少なくとも1種の過冷却防止剤0.1〜10重量
%、およびカルボキシルメチルセルロース、アタパルジ
ャイ粘土及び水不溶性吸水性樹脂からなる群から選ばれ
た少なくとも1種の相分離防止剤0.1〜10重量%を
含有する、1項ないし4項のいずれか1項に記載された
融雪または凍結防止方法。 6. 前記過冷却防止剤がホウ砂である、1項ないし5
項のいずれか1項に記載された融雪または凍結防止方
法。 7. 前記相分離防止剤が水不溶性吸水性樹脂である、
1項ないし6項のいずれか1項に記載された融雪または
凍結防止方法。 8. 蓄熱材を容器に充填して屋外構造物に配置する、
1項ないし7項のいずれか1項に記載された融雪または
凍結防止方法。」 に関する。
Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides "1. A heat storage material composition comprising at least one kind of an inorganic hydrated salt, a supercooling inhibitor and a phase separation inhibitor, for a road, a bridge,
A method of preventing snow melting or freezing by arranging it in outdoor structures such as, and storing heat when the temperature rises and radiating latent heat by phase change when it falls. 2. The freezing point of the heat storage material composition is higher than 0 ° C. and 10
The method for preventing snow melting or freezing according to item 1, wherein the method is less than ° C. 3. The method for preventing snow melting or freezing according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the inorganic hydrated salt of the heat storage material composition is sodium sulfate decahydrate. 4. The heat storage material composition comprises sodium sulfate decahydrate and ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate. The method for preventing snow melting or freezing according to any one of items 1 to 3, which contains at least one or two or more inorganic salts selected from the group. 5. 0.1-10 wt% of at least one supercooling inhibitor selected from the group consisting of borax, silicate and cryolite, and selected from the group consisting of carboxymethyl cellulose, attapulghai clay and water-insoluble water-absorbent resin The method for preventing snow melting or freezing as described in any one of Items 1 to 4, which comprises 0.1 to 10% by weight of at least one phase separation inhibitor. 6. 1 to 5 wherein the supercooling inhibitor is borax
The method for preventing snow melting or freezing according to any one of items. 7. The phase separation inhibitor is a water-insoluble water-absorbent resin,
The method for preventing snow melting or freezing according to any one of items 1 to 6. 8. Fill the container with heat storage material and place it in the outdoor structure,
The method for preventing snow melting or freezing according to any one of items 1 to 7. Regarding

【0005】[0005]

【作用】本発明による融雪または凍結防止方法の特徴
は、蓄熱材組成物が気温の変化により凝固および融解す
る時に潜熱として熱の出入りが行われることを利用する
ものであり、人工的熱源装置は必要ないためランニング
コストが不要である。詳しく説明すると、蓄熱材組成物
が液体から固体へ相変化する場合(凝固)、凝固潜熱と
して熱を外部へ放出し、蓄熱材組成物が固体から液体へ
相変化する場合(融解)、融解潜熱として熱を外部から
吸収する現象を利用するものである。そこで、道路や橋
梁が気温の低下により凍結する前に、路面の下や橋梁の
中に敷設された蓄熱材組成物が凝固し始め、凝固潜熱を
放出することで路面や橋面の温度が0℃以上に保たれ凍
結が防止される。また、一旦凝固し凝固潜熱を放出した
蓄熱材組成物は、日中気温の上昇により加熱され融解す
ることで蓄熱される。このように、一日の気温の変化に
よる温度差を利用して蓄熱および放熱を行うことで人工
的熱源装置が不要な融雪または凍結防止方法が可能とな
る。
A feature of the method for preventing snow melting or freezing according to the present invention is that heat is transferred in and out as latent heat when the heat storage material composition solidifies and melts due to changes in air temperature. No running cost is required because it is not necessary. Specifically, when the heat storage material composition undergoes a phase change from liquid to solid (solidification), heat is released to the outside as latent heat of solidification, and when the heat storage material composition undergoes a phase change from solid to liquid (melting), latent heat of fusion It utilizes the phenomenon of absorbing heat from the outside. Therefore, before the road or bridge freezes due to a decrease in temperature, the heat storage material composition laid under the road surface or in the bridge begins to solidify, releasing latent heat of solidification to reduce the temperature of the road surface or bridge surface to zero. It is kept above ℃ to prevent freezing. In addition, the heat storage material composition that has once solidified and released the latent heat of solidification is heated by the rise of the daytime temperature and melted to store heat. In this way, a method for preventing snow melting or freezing that does not require an artificial heat source device becomes possible by storing heat and radiating heat by using the temperature difference due to the change in the daily temperature.

【0006】具体的には、路面や橋面は風などの影響か
ら、表面温度が0℃〜−1℃の間で凍結すると考えられ
る。よって、蓄熱材組成物の凝固点は0℃より高いこと
が望ましい。蓄熱材組成物として水が考えられるが、凝
固温度が0℃であるため凍結防止には凝固温度が低すぎ
て不適であると考える。また、あまりに凝固点が高いと
実際に凝固し始める温度付近で熱が取り出せない問題が
あるので、凝固温度は10℃以下、好ましくは7℃以下
である。蓄熱材組成物の融解温度は凝固温度と同じであ
ることが望ましいが、無機水和塩を用いた蓄熱材組成物
は融解温度が凝固温度よりもやや高くなる傾向がある。
日中の路面の表面温度が15℃程度まで上昇すると仮定
して、蓄熱材組成物の平均融解温度は13℃以下、好ま
しくは10℃以下である。
[0006] Specifically, it is considered that the road surface and the bridge surface are frozen at a surface temperature of 0 ° C to -1 ° C due to the influence of wind and the like. Therefore, it is desirable that the freezing point of the heat storage material composition is higher than 0 ° C. Water can be considered as the heat storage material composition, but since the solidification temperature is 0 ° C., it is considered that the solidification temperature is too low to prevent freezing and is not suitable. Further, if the freezing point is too high, there is a problem that heat cannot be taken out near the temperature at which solidification actually begins. Therefore, the solidification temperature is 10 ° C or lower, preferably 7 ° C or lower. The melting temperature of the heat storage material composition is preferably the same as the solidification temperature, but the melting temperature of the heat storage material composition using the inorganic hydrate salt tends to be slightly higher than the solidification temperature.
Assuming that the surface temperature of the road surface during the daytime rises to about 15 ° C, the average melting temperature of the heat storage material composition is 13 ° C or less, preferably 10 ° C or less.

【0007】凝固点が0℃〜10℃の範囲にある蓄熱材
組成物としては、パラフィン系のテトラデカン(C14
30、凝固点5.9℃)やペンタデカン(C1432、凝固
点9.9℃)、非パラフィン系のポリエチレングリコー
ル#400(凝固点4〜8℃)や1−デカノール(5
℃)などがある。ところが、これら有機系物質は消防法
の危険物に該当するものが多く、また蓄熱容器から漏洩
した場合の環境汚染の問題もあり大量に使用することは
極力ひかえたい蓄熱材組成物である。よって、安全で環
境を汚染しない無機塩系の蓄熱材が求められている。
As a heat storage material composition having a freezing point in the range of 0 ° C. to 10 ° C., paraffinic tetradecane (C 14 H
30 , freezing point 5.9 ° C), pentadecane (C 14 H 32 , freezing point 9.9 ° C), non-paraffin polyethylene glycol # 400 (freezing point 4-8 ° C) and 1-decanol (5 ° C).
℃) etc. However, many of these organic substances correspond to dangerous substances under the Fire Defense Law, and there is a problem of environmental pollution when they leak from the heat storage container, so it is a heat storage material composition that should be used in a large amount as much as possible. Therefore, there is a demand for an inorganic salt heat storage material that is safe and does not pollute the environment.

【0008】本発明の蓄熱材組成物に用いる無機水和塩
としては、硫酸ナトリウム10水和塩、塩化カルシウム
6水和塩およびリン酸水素2ナトリウム12水和塩など
をあげることができ、中でも硫酸ナトリウム10水和塩
の使用が好ましい。硫酸ナトリウム10水和塩は融点3
2.5℃であり、潜熱量は60cal /g である。また、
硫酸ナトリウム10水和塩の凝固点を10℃以下に調整
するために、塩化アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、塩
化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、臭化カ
リウム、硫酸アンモニウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カリ
ウム、硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸ナトリウムおよび硝酸カ
リウムからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1または2以
上の無機塩が配合され、中でも塩化アンモニウム、臭化
アンモニウム、塩化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、硫酸
アンモニウムおよび硫酸ナトリウムが好ましい。
Examples of the inorganic hydrated salt used in the heat storage material composition of the present invention include sodium sulfate decahydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate, and disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate. The use of sodium sulfate decahydrate is preferred. Sodium sulfate decahydrate has a melting point of 3
The temperature is 2.5 ° C., and the latent heat amount is 60 cal / g. Also,
In order to adjust the freezing point of sodium sulfate decahydrate to 10 ° C. or lower, ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, nitric acid At least one or more inorganic salts selected from the group consisting of sodium and potassium nitrate are blended, and among them, ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, ammonium sulfate and sodium sulfate are preferable.

【0009】本発明に用いる蓄熱材組成物は、上記無機
水和塩とその他1種の塩から実質的になるものである
が、さらに過冷却防止剤および相分離防止剤を含有する
ことが出来る。本発明に用いる蓄熱材組成物において使
用することのできる過冷却防止剤としては、ホウ砂、ケ
イ酸塩、氷晶石等をあげることが出来、中でもホウ砂が
好ましい。過冷却防止剤の配合量は、組成物重量当り
0.1〜10重量%、好ましくは0.5〜5重量%であ
る。
The heat storage material composition used in the present invention consists essentially of the above-mentioned inorganic hydrated salt and one other salt, but may further contain a supercooling inhibitor and a phase separation inhibitor. . Examples of the supercooling inhibitor that can be used in the heat storage material composition used in the present invention include borax, silicate, and cryolite, and borax is preferable. The compounding amount of the supercooling inhibitor is 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.

【0010】本発明に用いる蓄熱材組成物において使用
することの出来る相分離防止剤としては、カルボキシメ
チルセルロース、アタパルジャイ粘土、水不溶性吸水性
樹脂、アルギン酸ナトリウム、ゼラチン、寒天、木質パ
ルプ、シリカゲル、ケイ藻土等をあげることが出来、中
でもカルボキシメチルセルロース、アタパルジャイ粘
土、水不溶性吸水性樹脂、例えば架橋ポリアクリル酸
塩、酢酸ビニル−アクリル酸共重合体の部分ケン化物、
澱粉−アクリル酸のグラフト共重合体が好ましい。相分
離防止剤の配合量は、組成物重量当り0.1〜10重量
%、好ましくは0.5〜5重量%である。これらの相分
離防止剤の使用により、安定した長期リサイクル性能を
有する蓄熱材組成物を得ることが出来る。
Examples of the phase separation inhibitor that can be used in the heat storage material composition of the present invention include carboxymethyl cellulose, attapulghai clay, water-insoluble water-absorbent resin, sodium alginate, gelatin, agar, wood pulp, silica gel, diatom. Soil etc. can be mentioned, among them, carboxymethyl cellulose, attapulghai clay, water-insoluble water-absorbent resin, for example, cross-linked polyacrylate, vinyl acetate-partially saponified acrylic acid copolymer,
A starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer is preferred. The compounding amount of the phase separation inhibitor is 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the composition. By using these phase separation inhibitors, a heat storage material composition having stable long-term recycling performance can be obtained.

【0011】次に本発明の作用を発明の実用的実施の面
から説明する。 道路、橋梁、駐車場、広場および歩道などの融雪と
凍結防止 一般の道路、自動車専用道路、高速道路や橋梁など、路
面が凍結することで事故の発生や渋滞など、交通機能に
障害が生じる場合が多い。そこで蓄熱材組成物を充填し
た容器を路面下に埋設し、その上にコンクリートやアス
ファルトの舗装を施すことで、人工的熱源装置を使用し
ない凍結防止が出来る。蓄熱材を充填する容器の形状に
特に制限はないが、板状、パイプ状、球状、コイル状な
ど、比較的厚みの薄い、熱伝導性の良い形状が好まし
い。容器の材質も特に制限はないが、無機塩に対する耐
腐蝕性を有するものが好ましく、各種プラスチック、ス
テンレス、亜鉛鋼管などをあげることが出来、中でもさ
らに好ましくは各種プラスチックである。また、道路以
外にも駐車場、広場および歩道などにも使用することが
出来る。凍結防止以外にも融雪用途にも使用出来、少量
の降雪なら蓄熱材組成物から得られる蓄熱量だけで融雪
が可能である。降雪量が多く、蓄熱材組成物から得られ
る熱量だけでは全部の融雪が不可能な場合でも、蓄熱材
が配置されている道路などの表面層は融雪されているの
で除雪車や人による除雪の作業の効率化ができる。
Next, the operation of the present invention will be described in terms of practical implementation of the invention. Snow melting and freezing prevention on roads, bridges, parking lots, plazas, and sidewalks When general roads, motorways, highways, bridges, and other road surfaces freeze and the road functions impair traffic functions such as accidents and congestion There are many. Therefore, by burying a container filled with the heat storage material composition under the road surface and paving concrete or asphalt on the container, it is possible to prevent freezing without using an artificial heat source device. The shape of the container filled with the heat storage material is not particularly limited, but a relatively thin shape having good thermal conductivity such as a plate shape, a pipe shape, a spherical shape, or a coil shape is preferable. The material of the container is also not particularly limited, but those having corrosion resistance to inorganic salts are preferable, and various plastics, stainless steel, zinc steel pipe and the like can be mentioned, and among them, various plastics are more preferable. In addition to roads, it can also be used for parking lots, plazas and sidewalks. It can be used for snow melting as well as for freezing prevention, and if a small amount of snow falls, it is possible to melt snow only with the heat storage amount obtained from the heat storage material composition. Even if the total amount of snowfall is large and it is not possible to melt the snow entirely with the amount of heat obtained from the heat storage material composition, the surface layer such as the road on which the heat storage material is placed has been melted by snow, so snow removal by people or snow removal Work efficiency can be improved.

【0012】 カーブミラー、交通標識および道路案
内板などの融雪と凍結防止 交通事故を未然に防止するために設置されているカーブ
ミラー、交通標識および交通案内板など、自動車やオー
トバイなどが通行するのに重要な情報を提供する装置が
冬期には粉雪などが付着し、気温の低下と共に付着した
雪が氷結してしまい本来の機能を果たさないことが往々
にしてある。そこで、これらの装置の内部に蓄熱材組成
物を充填することで、粉雪などの付着の防止と気温が低
下して付着した雪の氷結防止が出来、常時、これらの装
置が機能することが出来る。
Snow melting and freezing prevention of curve mirrors, traffic signs, road guide boards, etc. Cars, motorcycles, etc., such as curve mirrors, traffic signs, and traffic guide boards that are installed to prevent traffic accidents, pass by. It is often the case that a device that provides important information for snow does not perform its original function because powder snow adheres to it in the winter, and the snow that adheres freezes as the temperature drops. Therefore, by filling the inside of these devices with the heat storage material composition, it is possible to prevent the adhesion of powdered snow and the like and the prevention of freezing of the adhered snow due to a decrease in temperature, and these devices can always function. .

【0013】 屋根、屋根瓦および塀などの融雪と凍
結防止 豪雪地帯では家屋の倒壊を防ぐため、かなりの頻度で屋
根に積もった雪をおろす作業が必要となっている。そこ
で、屋根や屋根瓦の中に充填した蓄熱材組成物が熱を放
出するため、降った雪が屋根に積もることが少なくな
り、また降雪量が多くて積雪しても屋根の表面層の雪が
溶け、自然に屋根から滑り落ちるので雪おろしが省略も
しくは簡単となる。
Snow melting and freezing prevention of roofs, roof tiles, fences, etc. In heavy snow areas, it is necessary to lower the snow accumulated on the roof quite frequently in order to prevent houses from collapsing. Therefore, since the heat storage material composition filled in the roof and roof tiles releases heat, the amount of snow that falls is less likely to accumulate on the roof, and even if there is a large amount of snow, the snow in the surface layer of the roof melts. , It naturally slides off the roof, so snow removal can be omitted or simplified.

【0014】[0014]

【実施例】蓄熱材組成物の調製法およびその熱評価と融
雪と凍結防止方法を示して本発明を具体的に説明する。
本発明の融雪または凍結防止方法に用いることが出来る
蓄熱材組成物を表1に例示する。表1に記載された蓄熱
材組成物を用いることが好ましいが、これに限定される
ことはない。
EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described by showing a method for preparing a heat storage material composition, heat evaluation thereof, and a method for preventing snow melting and freezing.
Table 1 shows examples of the heat storage material composition that can be used in the snow melting or freezing prevention method of the present invention. It is preferable to use the heat storage material composition shown in Table 1, but it is not limited to this.

【0015】実施例1 (蓄熱材の組成物の調製)硫酸ナトリウム10水和塩、
塩化アンモニウム、塩化ナトリウム、硫酸ナトリウム、
臭化ナトリウムおよび硫酸アンモニウムを表1に示す割
合で混合し、ついでこれに過冷却防止剤としてホウ砂を
硫酸ナトリウム系水和物100重量部に対して1.5重
量部および相分離防止剤に水不溶性吸水性樹脂(サンウ
エット、IM-1000 三洋化成株式会社製)を硫酸ナトリウ
ム系水和物100重量部に対して1.5重量部添加して
ミキサーで撹拌し、組成物を調製した。この時、組成物
を十分に均質になるまで撹拌することが非常に重要であ
り、撹拌が不十分であると設計通りの熱量が得られない
ので注意が必要である。 (熱評価)得られた組成物を、DSCにて−10℃〜4
0℃の温度範囲で潜熱量を測定した。また、該組成物を
直径約70mmの樹脂製のカプセルに約180g に充填
し、その中心部に温度の変化を記録するための熱電対を
固定した。このカプセルを温度制御可能な水槽に入れ、
水槽の温度を1℃に保持し、蓄熱材組成物の凝固温度を
測定した。凝固過程において、準安定な過冷却状態が破
れて蓄熱材が凝固するにしたがい潜熱を放出するため温
度が上昇する。この時、最高到達温度を凝固温度とす
る。次に、蓄熱材組成物が完全に凝固した後、水槽の温
度を11℃(実施例番号4、5および6については13
℃)に保持し、蓄熱材組成物の融解温度を測定した。融
解過程において、本蓄熱材組成物は混合物であるため融
解温度がある巾を持つため、融解開始から融解終了まで
の平均温度を平均融解温度とする。これら、蓄熱量、凝
固温度および融解温度の測定結果を表1に示す。本発明
に使用することが出来る蓄熱材組成物の凝固融解挙動の
例として、実施例1の組成物を用いて説明する。実施例
1の組成物の凝固融解時の中心部分の温度変化を図1に
示す。図1において、0時間から9時間の間が蓄熱材組
成物の凝固過程である。水温を1時間で11℃から1℃
まで下げ、この後1℃を8時間保持した。実施例1の組
成物は、開始から2時間までは状態変化せず温度が低下
している。2時間経過した時、3.0℃で準安定な過冷
却状態が破れ、凝固し始めた。この時、凝固潜熱を放出
するために、実施例1の組成物の物温は3.1℃まで上
昇し、凝固が進行した。凝固過程開始から9時間まで、
安定して凝固潜熱を放出していることが判る。その後、
結晶化が終了し、物温が水槽の温度と等しくなった。実
際の使用状況では、凝固過程の開始の2時間後から9時
間後まで凝固潜熱を放出し、路面や橋面の温度が0℃以
上に保持され凍結が防止される。よって、凝固温度が0
℃以上の蓄熱材組成物の使用が可能である。実施例1か
ら6の組成物はいずれも凝固温度が0℃以上であり、本
発明に適した蓄熱材組成物であることが判る。図1にお
いて、9時間から17時間が蓄熱材の融解過程である。
9時間から10時間にかけて、1時間で1℃から11℃
まで水温を上昇させ、その後11℃を7時間保持した。
10時間までは状態変化なしに物温が上昇し、10時間
から融解が始まり、およそ14時間まで融解が継続し
た。その後、融解が終了し、物温が水槽の温度と等しく
なった。この時、実施例1の組成物は6.5℃〜8.1
℃の範囲で融解し、放出した熱量を融解潜熱として取り
込み、蓄熱していることが判る。実際の使用状況では、
日中の路面温度や橋面温度が融解温度より高くなれば蓄
熱が可能となる。日中の路面の表面温度が15℃程度ま
で上昇すると仮定すると、蓄熱材組成物の平均融解温度
は13℃以下、好ましくは10℃以下である。実施例1
から6の組成物はいずれも平均融解温度が13℃以下で
あり、最も高い実施例6の組成物でも平均融解温度は1
0.9℃である。それ以外の実施例1から5の組成物の
平均融解温度はいずれも10℃以下であり、本発明に適
した蓄熱材組成物であることが判る。
Example 1 (Preparation of composition of heat storage material) Sodium sulfate decahydrate,
Ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate,
Sodium bromide and ammonium sulfate were mixed in the proportions shown in Table 1, and then borax was added as a supercooling inhibitor in an amount of 1.5 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of a sodium sulfate-based hydrate, and a phase separation inhibitor in water. An insoluble water absorbent resin (Sunwet, IM-1000, manufactured by Sanyo Kasei Co., Ltd.) was added in an amount of 1.5 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of sodium sulfate-based hydrate, and the mixture was stirred with a mixer to prepare a composition. At this time, it is very important to stir the composition until it is sufficiently homogeneous, and if the stirring is not sufficient, the amount of heat as designed cannot be obtained, and therefore care must be taken. (Thermal evaluation) The obtained composition was -10 ° C to 4 by DSC.
The amount of latent heat was measured in the temperature range of 0 ° C. Further, about 180 g of the composition was filled in a resin capsule having a diameter of about 70 mm, and a thermocouple for recording a change in temperature was fixed to the center of the capsule. Put this capsule in a temperature-controllable water tank,
The temperature of the water tank was kept at 1 ° C., and the solidification temperature of the heat storage material composition was measured. In the solidification process, the temperature rises as the metastable supercooled state is broken and the heat storage material solidifies to release latent heat. At this time, the highest temperature reached is the solidification temperature. Next, after the heat storage material composition was completely solidified, the temperature of the water tank was changed to 11 ° C (13 for Example Nos. 4, 5 and 6).
C.) and the melting temperature of the heat storage material composition was measured. In the melting process, since the present heat storage material composition is a mixture and has a certain melting temperature, the average temperature from the start of melting to the end of melting is defined as the average melting temperature. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the heat storage amount, the solidification temperature and the melting temperature. The composition of Example 1 will be described as an example of the solidification and melting behavior of the heat storage material composition that can be used in the present invention. The temperature change of the central portion of the composition of Example 1 during solidification and melting is shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, 0 to 9 hours is the solidification process of the heat storage material composition. Water temperature from 11 ℃ to 1 ℃ in 1 hour
And then held at 1 ° C. for 8 hours. The composition of Example 1 does not change its state from the start until 2 hours, and the temperature is lowered. After 2 hours, the metastable supercooled state was broken at 3.0 ° C. and solidification started. At this time, in order to release the latent heat of solidification, the temperature of the composition of Example 1 rose to 3.1 ° C., and solidification proceeded. From the start of the coagulation process up to 9 hours,
It can be seen that the latent heat of solidification is stably released. afterwards,
Crystallization was completed and the material temperature became equal to the temperature of the water bath. In actual use, the latent heat of solidification is released from 2 hours to 9 hours after the start of the solidification process, and the temperature of the road surface and bridge surface is kept at 0 ° C or higher to prevent freezing. Therefore, the freezing temperature is 0
It is possible to use a heat storage material composition having a temperature of ℃ or higher. The compositions of Examples 1 to 6 all have a solidification temperature of 0 ° C. or higher, which indicates that they are heat storage material compositions suitable for the present invention. In FIG. 1, 9 to 17 hours are the melting process of the heat storage material.
From 9 hours to 10 hours, 1 ℃ to 11 ℃ in 1 hour
The water temperature was raised to 11 ° C. for 7 hours.
The material temperature increased without changing the state until 10 hours, the melting started from 10 hours, and the melting continued until about 14 hours. Then, the melting was completed and the temperature of the material became equal to the temperature of the water tank. At this time, the composition of Example 1 was 6.5 ° C. to 8.1 ° C.
It can be seen that the heat is melted in the range of ℃, and the amount of heat released is taken in as latent heat of fusion to store heat. In actual usage,
If the road surface temperature or bridge surface temperature during the day becomes higher than the melting temperature, heat can be stored. Assuming that the surface temperature of the road surface during the day rises to about 15 ° C, the average melting temperature of the heat storage material composition is 13 ° C or lower, preferably 10 ° C or lower. Example 1
The compositions of Nos. 6 to 6 all have an average melting temperature of 13 ° C. or lower, and even the composition of Example 6 having the highest average melting temperature has a melting temperature of 1 or less.
It is 0.9 degreeC. The other compositions of Examples 1 to 5 all had an average melting temperature of 10 ° C. or lower, which shows that the composition is a heat storage material composition suitable for the present invention.

【0016】[0016]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0017】(凍結防止方法)実施例1の組成物を容積
50cm3 の樹脂製の板状容器に充填し、その容器上に水
を約5g たらしておく。この蓄熱材入り容器を−3℃に
温調したフリーザーに入れ、上部の水が凝固するかどう
かを調べた。比較例として、中に砂を充填した同一容器
の上に同様に水を5g たらし、上部の水が凝固するかど
うかを調べた。2時間経過後、比較例の容器上の水は凝
固していたが、実施例1の組成物を充填した容器上の水
は凝固していなかった。実施例1の組成物を充填した容
器上の水は、4時間経過後に完全に凝固した。この結果
から、蓄熱材の凝固潜熱により容器上の水の凍結が防止
できることが確認された。次に上記の蓄熱材組成物をプ
ラスチック容器に充填し、積雪時の路面下に埋設しその
上に3cmの厚さにアスファルト舗装を行って自然の積雪
下で実用的試験を行った。蓄熱材を埋設しない路面は約
10cmの積雪がみられたが、蓄熱材を埋設した路面は積
雪がなく、融雪効果が優れていることがわかる。
(Freezing Prevention Method) The composition of Example 1 is filled in a resin plate container having a volume of 50 cm 3 , and about 5 g of water is left on the container. The container containing the heat storage material was put in a freezer whose temperature was adjusted to -3 ° C, and it was examined whether or not the water in the upper portion was solidified. As a comparative example, 5 g of water was similarly put on the same container filled with sand, and it was examined whether or not the water on the upper part solidified. After 2 hours, the water on the container of Comparative Example was solidified, but the water on the container filled with the composition of Example 1 was not solidified. The water on the container filled with the composition of Example 1 completely solidified after 4 hours. From this result, it was confirmed that freezing of water on the container can be prevented by the latent heat of solidification of the heat storage material. Next, the above-mentioned heat storage material composition was filled in a plastic container, buried under the road surface during snowfall, and asphalt pavement was carried out to a thickness of 3 cm, and a practical test was conducted under natural snowfall. About 10 cm of snow was observed on the road surface without heat storage material embedded, but there is no snow on the road surface with heat storage material embedded, indicating that the snow melting effect is excellent.

【0018】実施例2〜6 組成割合を表1に記載された通りとした他は実施例1と
同様にして蓄熱組成物を得、これを用いて蓄熱量等を測
定し、その結果を表1に示した。
Examples 2 to 6 A heat storage composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition ratios were as shown in Table 1, and the heat storage amount and the like were measured using this, and the results are shown in a table. Shown in 1.

【0019】[0019]

【発明の効果】本発明は人工的熱源装置を使用せず、道
路等の屋外構造物の融雪と凍結を防止する優れた効果を
奏する。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention has an excellent effect of preventing snow melting and freezing of outdoor structures such as roads without using an artificial heat source device.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明で使用する蓄熱材組成物の凝固融解時の
温度変化を示すグラフである。
FIG. 1 is a graph showing a temperature change during solidification and melting of a heat storage material composition used in the present invention.

Claims (8)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 無機水和塩の少なくとも一種、過冷却防
止剤および相分離防止剤からなる蓄熱材組成物を道路、
橋梁、等の屋外構造物に配置し、気温の昇温時に蓄熱
し、降下時に相変化して潜熱を放熱することによる融雪
または凍結防止方法。
1. A heat storage material composition comprising at least one inorganic hydrate salt, a supercooling inhibitor and a phase separation inhibitor,
A method for preventing snow melting or freezing by arranging on outdoor structures such as bridges, storing heat when the temperature rises and radiating latent heat by phase change when it falls.
【請求項2】 前記蓄熱材組成物の凝固点が0℃より高
く、10℃未満である、請求項1に記載された融雪また
は凍結防止方法。
2. The method for preventing snow melting or freezing according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage material composition has a freezing point of higher than 0 ° C. and lower than 10 ° C.
【請求項3】 前記蓄熱材組成物の無機水和塩が硫酸ナ
トリウム10水和塩である、請求項1または2に記載さ
れた融雪または凍結防止方法。
3. The method for preventing snow melting or freezing according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic hydrated salt of the heat storage material composition is sodium sulfate decahydrate.
【請求項4】 前記蓄熱材組成物が硫酸ナトリウム10
水和塩と塩化アンモニウム、臭化アンモニウム、塩化ナ
トリウム、臭化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、臭化カリウ
ム、硫酸アンモニウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カリウ
ム、硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸ナトリウムおよび硝酸カリ
ウムからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1または2以上
の無機塩を含有する、請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項
に記載された融雪または凍結防止方法。
4. The heat storage material composition comprises sodium sulfate 10
Hydrated salt and at least one or two selected from the group consisting of ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate. The method for preventing snow melting or freezing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, containing the above-mentioned inorganic salt.
【請求項5】 ホウ砂、ケイ酸塩及び氷晶石からなる群
から選ばれた少なくとも1種の過冷却防止剤0.1〜1
0重量%、およびカルボキシルメチルセルロース、アタ
パルジャイ粘土及び水不溶性吸水性樹脂からなる群から
選ばれた少なくとも1種の相分離防止剤0.1〜10重
量%を含有する、請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記
載された融雪または凍結防止方法。
5. At least one supercooling inhibitor selected from the group consisting of borax, silicate and cryolite 0.1 to 1
0% by weight and 0.1-10% by weight of at least one phase separation inhibitor selected from the group consisting of carboxymethyl cellulose, attapulghai clay and water-insoluble water-absorbent resin. The method for preventing snow melting or freezing according to item 1.
【請求項6】 前記過冷却防止剤がホウ砂である、請求
項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載された融雪または凍
結防止方法。
6. The snow melting or freezing prevention method according to claim 1, wherein the supercooling preventive agent is borax.
【請求項7】 前記相分離防止剤が水不溶性吸水性樹脂
である、請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載された
融雪または凍結防止方法。
7. The method for preventing snow melting or freezing according to claim 1, wherein the phase separation inhibitor is a water-insoluble water absorbent resin.
【請求項8】 蓄熱材を容器に充填して屋外構造物に配
置する、請求項1ないし7のいずれか1項に記載された
融雪または凍結防止方法。
8. The snow melting or freezing prevention method according to claim 1, wherein the container is filled with the heat storage material and the heat storage material is placed in an outdoor structure.
JP13483194A 1994-05-26 1994-05-26 Method for melting snow or preventing freezing by using thermal storage material composition Pending JPH07316535A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13483194A JPH07316535A (en) 1994-05-26 1994-05-26 Method for melting snow or preventing freezing by using thermal storage material composition

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13483194A JPH07316535A (en) 1994-05-26 1994-05-26 Method for melting snow or preventing freezing by using thermal storage material composition

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH07316535A true JPH07316535A (en) 1995-12-05

Family

ID=15137487

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP13483194A Pending JPH07316535A (en) 1994-05-26 1994-05-26 Method for melting snow or preventing freezing by using thermal storage material composition

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH07316535A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107936919A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-04-20 交通运输部公路科学研究所 A kind of phase-changing energy-storing separates out composite intelligent type deicing salt and preparation method thereof with temperature control
US10442969B2 (en) 2016-03-23 2019-10-15 Kaneka Corporation Heat storage material composition and use thereof
CN114687282A (en) * 2022-04-08 2022-07-01 山东大学 Bridge pier column snow melting system based on ettringite phase change energy storage
NL2034359A (en) * 2022-04-08 2023-10-25 Univ Shandong Energy storage device of solid belly arch bridge based on high alumina cement and construction method thereof

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10442969B2 (en) 2016-03-23 2019-10-15 Kaneka Corporation Heat storage material composition and use thereof
CN107936919A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-04-20 交通运输部公路科学研究所 A kind of phase-changing energy-storing separates out composite intelligent type deicing salt and preparation method thereof with temperature control
CN114687282A (en) * 2022-04-08 2022-07-01 山东大学 Bridge pier column snow melting system based on ettringite phase change energy storage
NL2034359A (en) * 2022-04-08 2023-10-25 Univ Shandong Energy storage device of solid belly arch bridge based on high alumina cement and construction method thereof

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