JPH07309107A - Spiked tire - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a spiked tire where spikes are provided in a projecting/ depressing manner from/into the outer circumferential surface of the tire as necessary. CONSTITUTION:The tip 10a of a spike 10 is projected from the outer circumferential surface of a tire on when a vehicle travels on the snowy road or the tip 10a is depressed into the outer circumferential surface of the tire when the vehicle travels on the non-snowy road by changing the pneumatic pressure of the tire 1 without removing the spiked tire 1 from the vehicle, i.e., with the spiked tire being mounted on the vehicle while a driver is seated at the driver's seat.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spiked tire, and more particularly to a spiked tire in which the spike can be projected from the outer peripheral surface of the tire only when the spike is used.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A tire is the only member that comes into contact with a road surface in a vehicle such as an automobile, and has various functions such as a driving performance and a braking performance in addition to a cushioning function.

Conventionally, as a tire, spikes (studs, studs) having spikes implanted therein for traveling on snowy roads of vehicles such as automobiles can be safely driven even on a frozen road where snow tires are difficult to travel. Tires with wheels were widely used in place of snow tires and tire chains.

However, when the tire with spikes is used, there is no particular problem in running on a snowy road.
When driving on dry roads and wet roads without snow,
There is a problem that spikes scrape off the surface of the road to damage the road, and the scraped off portion becomes dust and causes pollution.

In addition, the tire with spikes has a problem that when it travels on a paved road or the like without snow, the spikes come into contact with the road, resulting in poor running stability. As a result, studless tires that do not use the spike have been widely used.

However, the studless tire is
There is a fatal drawback that it is weak on frozen roads such as ice burn, and measures against it have been desired.

Therefore, the applicant of the present invention is characterized in that spikes (studs, tacks) are provided so as to project or recess from the outer peripheral surface of the tire by changing the air pressure of the tire in advance. A tire was proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 6-87928).

However, there is a problem that it is complicated because it is necessary to stop the vehicle before running or to change the tire air pressure.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems by adopting the following constitution.

That is, (1) the tire pressure is changed from the driver's seat so that spikes (studs, tacks) can be projected or recessed from the outer peripheral surface of the tire as needed. To do. (2) By only changing the tire air pressure so that the spikes protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the tire only when using spikes running on snowy roads, it is possible to maintain driving performance and braking performance even on frozen roads such as ice burns. Improve driving stability and prevent unexpected situations such as slip. (3) When not using spikes that run on non-snow roads, change tire air pressure so that the spikes do not protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the tires, thereby preventing dust pollution and driving on non-snow roads such as paved roads. To maintain performance and braking performance.

[0011]

According to the present invention, a spike (stud, tack) is projected or recessed from the outer peripheral surface of the tire by changing the air pressure of the tire as necessary. In tires with spikes that are used for automobile wheels, etc. that are provided so that they can be entered,
Without removing the spiked tire from the vehicle, the tire is attached to the vehicle, and the driver is sitting in the driver's seat, equipped with an air pressure adjusting device that can change the tire air pressure, and by operating the air pressure adjusting device. ,
It is achieved by providing a spiked tire, characterized in that the spikes can be projected or recessed from the surface of the tire.

[0012]

According to the present invention as described above, there are the following actions.

That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to drive a vehicle such as an automobile while maintaining the driving performance and braking performance on any road having a different character such as a paved road or a snowy road. Yes, in particular, by having a configuration with an air pressure adjusting device, by changing the tire pressure without removing the spiked tire from the vehicle, with the tire attached to the vehicle, and with the driver sitting in the driver's seat, The spikes are projected or recessed from the surface of the tire as required.

For example, when traveling on a snowy road such as an icy road, by changing the air pressure of the tire, the spikes are made to protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the tire.
When the vehicle is running, the spikes are digged into snow or ice and gripped by the spikes, so that the driving performance and the braking performance can be maintained and an unexpected situation such as slip can be prevented.

Further, when traveling on a non-snow road such as a paved road, by changing the air pressure of the tire, the spike is recessed from the outer peripheral surface of the tire,
When the vehicle is running, the road surface is gripped by the groove (tread groove or siping) formed on the surface of the tire, so that the driving performance and the braking performance can be maintained and an unexpected situation such as slip can be prevented.

Furthermore, with this structure, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the grip force of the tire, and to reliably prevent problems such as an accident due to an increase in braking distance and slipperiness.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a tire with spikes according to the present invention.

That is, the spiked tire 1 is composed of a spiked tire body 2 made of hard and thick rubber, and a hard and thick rubber outside the spiked tire body 2 like the spiked tire body 2 and in contact with the ground. And a reinforcing portion 4 provided inside the spiked tire main body 2 and provided with a reinforcing material such as a cord, a carcass, and a bead wire, and is formed in a substantially circular tube shape with an open inside.

The tire 1 with spikes is formed in a tubular shape, and a tube having high-pressure air held therein and an inner liner 5 are fitted inside, so that a normal air chamber 8 is formed. Has been formed.

In the tread portion 3 of the tire 1 with spikes, a tread groove 6 for firmly gripping the road surface and preventing slippage is formed at a depth D which is a predetermined distance from the outer peripheral surface 7 serving as a ground contact surface. And a large number of patterns having a predetermined width B.

By the way, the tire 1 with spikes is
A large number (for example, 114) of spikes (studs, tacks) 10 are implanted in the tread portion 3.

The spike 10 has a tip 10 only when the spike is used on a snowy road such as a soft snowy road or a frozen road.
When the spikes a are projected from the outer peripheral surface of the tire and run on a non-snow road such as a paved road without snow, the tip 10a thereof is not used.
Spikes (studs, studs, etc.) as necessary so that the
The rivets are provided so that they can be projected or recessed from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire.

At this time, according to the present embodiment, during the normal running, that is, when the spike is not used on a non-snow road, as shown in FIG. The tire air pressure, which is the air pressure in the chamber 8,
With the air pressure Ps for normal traveling, the tip 10a of the spike 10 is recessed from the outer peripheral surface 7 serving as the ground contact surface.

Further, when the spike is used for traveling on a snowy road, as well shown in FIG. 2, the tire pressure, which is the air pressure in the air chamber 8 such as in the tube or in the inner liner, is normally changed to the spike for normal traveling. Air pressure Ps when not in use
By making the air pressure Ph higher, the tip 10a of the spike 10 is formed so as to project from the outer peripheral surface 7 serving as the ground contact surface.

Therefore, the tire air pressure Ph when the spike is used for traveling on a snowy road is much higher than the air pressure Ps for the normal traveling when the spike is not used. For example, the normal traveling when the spike is not used. When the air pressure is 1 atm, the air pressure Ph for running on a snowy road when using spikes
Seems to be 2 atm.

Further, in this embodiment, as well shown in FIG. 9, the tire with spikes is not removed from the vehicle, but is attached to the vehicle, and the driver is sitting in the driver's seat. The tire is provided with an air pressure adjusting device 20 that can change the air pressure of the tire, and by operating the air pressure adjusting device 20, spikes can be projected or recessed from the surface of the tire.

That is, the air pressure adjusting device 20 includes the air chamber 8 of the tire 1 (or the air chamber 1 dedicated to spikes).
3) is provided with an actuator 21 communicated with the controller 21, a controller 22 that controls the actuator 21, and a communication pipe 23 that communicates the actuator 21 and the air chamber 8 of the tire 1 with each other. By operating 22 to control the actuator 21, the air pressure in the air chamber 8 of the tire 1 can be changed.

The actuator 21 includes a cylinder 24
And a piston 25 slidably provided in the cylinder 24. The piston 25 includes the piston rod 2
6 is provided.

The tip of the connecting pipe 23 is the tire 1
Communication pipe 27, which is provided so as to communicate with the air chamber 8 and whose rear end is located at a position corresponding to the center of the axle of the drive wheel, and the front end of the communication pipe 27 at the rear end thereof. Is rotatably connected to the control pipe 28, and the rear end of the control pipe 28 is connected to the end of the actuator 23.
It is formed from and.

Further, the controller 22 is composed of a lever handle 29 connected through the piston rod 26, and rotates to slide the piston 25 in the cylinder 24 through the piston rod 26.

The lever handle 29 is provided on the side of the driver's seat in the vehicle compartment.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

According to the tire with spikes of the above-mentioned embodiment, the spikes can be projected or recessed from the outer peripheral surface of the tire on any road having different characteristics such as a paved road or a snowy road. It is possible to drive while maintaining driving performance and braking performance.

That is, first, in the case where the vehicle is using a spike running on a snowy road such as the above-mentioned frozen road, the tire air pressure is changed (in this embodiment, increased) to run on a snowy road. The air pressure Ph of the tire when the spike is used can be made much higher than the air pressure Ps of the normal running.

At this time, the tire air pressure is changed as follows.

That is, first, the lever handle 29 is returned downward, the piston 25 is slid through the piston rod 26, and the air pressure in the air chamber 8 of the tire 1 is increased through the control pipe 28 and the air pipe 27. .

As a result, the spike 10 projects outward from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire, which serves as the ground contact surface, so that the spike 10 can be made to penetrate into snow or ice when the vehicle is running, and the spike 10 grips it. Therefore, the driving performance and the braking performance can be maintained, and an unexpected situation such as a slip can be prevented.

Further, during normal running when the vehicle is running on a non-snowy road such as a paved road when the spike is not used, the tire air pressure which is the air pressure in the air chamber 8 such as in the tube or in the inner liner is normally run. The air pressure Ps is set to.

At this time, the tire air pressure is changed as follows.

That is, first, the lever handle 29 is pulled upward contrary to the above, the piston 25 is slid through the piston rod 26, and the control pipe 28 and the air pipe 27 are moved.
The air pressure in the air chamber 8 of the tire 1 is reduced via the.

As a result, the tip 10a of the spike 10 is
However, it is in a state of being recessed and formed inside the outer peripheral surface 7 serving as the ground contact surface, and the spike 10 is attached to the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire.
When the vehicle such as an automobile runs, the road surface can be gripped by the groove (tread groove or siping) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tire, so that the driving performance and the braking performance can be maintained and the slippage can be maintained. It is possible to prevent such an unexpected situation.

Therefore, the tire 1 with spikes can change the tire air pressure without being removed from the vehicle, while being attached to the vehicle, and with the driver sitting in the driver's seat.

Further, with this structure, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the grip force of the tire, and to reliably prevent problems such as an increase in braking distance and the occurrence of an automobile accident due to easy slippage. .

Further, in running on a non-snowy road when the spikes are not used, the spikes 10 can be recessed from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire, and vibrations and sway from the road surface are transmitted as they are during running, resulting in a marked decrease in riding comfort. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent the deterioration of the running performance such as the occurrence of dust, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dust pollution, which has been the biggest problem.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show a second embodiment of the spiked tire of the present invention.

That is, the tire 1 with spikes in this embodiment is different from the above-mentioned embodiment in that it is separated from the ordinary air chamber 8 formed by fitting the tube and the inner liner 5 inside. On the outside of the normal air chamber 8, a small tube or inner liner 11 is formed into a circular tube shape in a thick rubber layer between the tube or inner liner 5 and the tread portion 3 serving as a grounding portion, thereby forming a valve. An air chamber 13 dedicated to spikes is provided.

The air chamber 13 dedicated to the spike is formed in an annular shape having a substantially oval cross section along the tread portion 3 and is provided over the entire circumference of the tire.

In the tread portion 3 of the tire 1 with spikes in this embodiment, spikes 10 are provided in the same manner as in the above embodiments.
Many spikes are embedded, and the tip 10a projects from the outer peripheral surface of the tire only when using spikes that run on snowy roads such as soft and frozen roads, and runs on non-snowy roads such as paved roads without snow. When the spike is not used, the tip 10a is recessed into the tire outer peripheral surface without protruding from the tire outer peripheral surface, and the spike can be protruded or recessed from the tire outer peripheral surface 7 as necessary. It is provided.

At this time, in the present embodiment, during normal running when the spike is not used and running on a non-snowy road, the air pressure in the air chamber 13 dedicated to the spike is the normal running air pressure ps. The tip 10a of the spike 10 is recessed from the outer peripheral surface 7 serving as the ground contact surface.

Further, when the spike is used for traveling on a snowy road, the air pressure in the air chamber 13 dedicated to the spike is set to an air pressure ph higher than that for normal traveling, so that the spike 10 can be used.
10a is formed so as to project from the outer peripheral surface 7 serving as the ground contact surface.

The tire air pressure Ph when the spikes are used on a snowy road is much higher than the air pressure Ps during normal running.

Further, in this embodiment, as well shown in FIG. 9, the spiked tire can be attached to the vehicle without being removed from the vehicle, and the driver can be seated in the driver's seat. The tire is provided with an air pressure adjusting device 20 that can change the air pressure of the tire, and by operating the air pressure adjusting device 20, spikes can be projected or recessed from the surface of the tire.

That is, the air pressure adjusting device 20 has an actuator 21 communicating with the air chamber 13 dedicated to the spike of the tire 1, a controller 22 for controlling the actuator 21, a spike of the actuator 21 and the tire 1. Communication pipe 2 that communicates with a dedicated air chamber 13
3 is provided, and the air pressure in the air chamber 8 of the tire 1 can be changed by operating the controller 22 to control the actuator 21.

The actuator 21 includes a cylinder 24
And a piston 25 slidably provided in the cylinder 24. The piston 25 includes the piston rod 2
6 is provided.

The tip of the connecting pipe 23 is the tire 1
And a communication pipe 27 which is provided so as to communicate with the air chamber 13 dedicated to the spikes and whose rear end is disposed at a position corresponding to the center of the axle of the drive wheel, and the communication pipe 27.
The rear end is formed with a control pipe 28 whose front end is rotatably connected to each other and whose rear end is connected to the end of the actuator 23.

Further, the controller 22 is composed of a lever handle 29 connected via the piston rod 26, and rotates to slide the piston 25 in the cylinder 24 via the piston rod 26.

The lever handle 29 is provided on the side of the driver's seat in the passenger compartment.

Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described.

According to the tire with spikes of the above-mentioned embodiment, as in the case of the above-mentioned embodiment, spikes are projected from the outer peripheral surface of the tire on any road having different character such as a paved road or a snowy road, if necessary. Alternatively, by making a recess, the vehicle can travel while maintaining the driving performance and braking performance.

When the vehicle is using a spike running on a snowy road such as the above-mentioned frozen road, the air pressure in the air chamber 13 dedicated to the spike is changed (in this embodiment, increased) to cause snow. The air pressure ph of the air chamber 13 dedicated to the spike when using the spikes traveling on the road can be made much higher than the air pressure ps for the normal traveling.

At this time, the tire air pressure (air pressure in the air chamber 13 dedicated to spikes) is changed as follows.

That is, first, the lever handle 29 is returned downward, the piston 25 is slid through the piston rod 26, and the air pressure of the spike-dedicated air chamber 13 is increased through the control pipe 28 and the air pipe 27.

As a result, the spike 10 projects outward from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire, which serves as the ground contact surface, and the spike 10 is gripped by the snow or ice when the vehicle is running. Therefore, the driving performance and the braking performance can be maintained and an unexpected situation such as a slip can be prevented.

When the vehicle is traveling normally on a non-snowy road such as a paved road when the spike is not used, the air pressure in the spike-dedicated air chamber 13 is set to the normal traveling air pressure ps.

At this time, the tire air pressure (air pressure in the air chamber 13 dedicated to the spike) is changed as follows.

That is, first, the lever handle 29 is pulled upward, contrary to the above, and the piston 25 is slid through the piston rod 26, and the control pipe 28 and the air pipe 27 are slid.
The air pressure in the air chamber 13 dedicated to spikes is reduced via.

As a result, the tip 10a of the spike 10 is
Is in a state of being recessed and formed inside the outer peripheral surface 7 serving as a ground contact surface, and the spike 10 is recessed from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire, so that when a vehicle such as an automobile travels,
A groove (tread groove or siping) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tire can grip the road surface, maintain driving performance and braking performance, and prevent an unexpected situation such as slip.

Therefore, also in this embodiment, the tire with spikes 1 is attached to the vehicle without being removed from the vehicle, and the driver is sitting in the driver's seat.
The tire air pressure can be changed.

By adopting the structure of this embodiment as described above, similarly to the above-mentioned embodiments, the reduction of the grip force of the tire is prevented, the braking distance is lengthened, and the car accident occurs due to the ease of slipping. It is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of problems such as, and in running on a non-snowy road, the spike 10 can be recessed from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire as described above. It is possible to reliably prevent the deterioration of the running performance such as that the sway is transmitted as it is and the riding comfort is significantly reduced, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dust pollution, which is the biggest problem.

5 and 6 show a third embodiment of the spiked tire of the present invention.

That is, the spiked tire 1 in this embodiment is different from the above two embodiments in that a large number of spikes 10 are implanted in the left and right shoulder portions 9 of the spiked tire 1.

The spike 10 has a tip 10 only when the spike is used on a snowy road such as a soft snowy road or a frozen road.
When the spike a is projected from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire and runs on a non-snow road such as a paved road without snow, the tip 10 thereof is not used.
a is formed in the shoulder portion 9 of the tire so as not to project from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire, and spikes are provided so as to project or recess from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire as necessary. There is.

At this time, in the present embodiment, during normal running when the spike is not used on a non-snowy road, the normal tire air chamber 8 is the air pressure in the air chamber such as the tube or the inner liner. Is the air pressure Ps for normal traveling, which is the air pressure when the spike is not used, and the tip 10a of the spike 10 is recessed inward from the outer peripheral surface 7 serving as the ground contact surface.

Further, when the spike is used for traveling on a snowy road, the air pressure in the air chamber 8 of the normal tire is set to the tire air pressure Pw when the spike is used, which is lower than in the normal traveling, so that the tip 10a of the spike 10 is It is formed so as to project outward from the outer peripheral surface 7 serving as the ground contact surface.

Therefore, the tire air pressure Pw when using spikes when traveling on a snowy road is lower than the air pressure Ps for normal traveling. For example, when the air pressure during normal traveling is 2 atm, when using spikes. It seems that the air pressure Pw for traveling on a snowy road is 1 atm.

Further, in the present embodiment, as well shown in FIG. 9, the tire with spikes is not removed from the vehicle, but is attached to the vehicle, and the driver is sitting in the driver's seat. An air pressure adjusting device 20 similar to that of the first embodiment, which can change the tire air pressure, is provided.

Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described.

According to the tire with spikes of the above-mentioned embodiment, as in the case of the above-mentioned embodiment, spikes are protruded from the outer peripheral surface of the tire, if necessary, on any road having a different character such as a paved road or a snowy road. Alternatively, it is possible to travel while maintaining the driving performance and the braking performance by making a recess, but the operation of the air pressure adjusting device 20 is the reverse operation of the first embodiment.

That is, first, when the automobile travels on a snowy road such as the above-mentioned icy road, the tire pressure when the snowy road is used is changed by changing (decreasing) the tire air pressure. The air pressure Pw can be lower than the air pressure Ps for normal traveling.

At this time, changing the tire air pressure is the reverse operation of the first embodiment, and is performed as follows.

That is, first, the lever handle 29 is pulled upward to slide the piston 25 through the piston rod 26, and the air pressure in the air chamber 8 of the tire is reduced through the control pipe 28 and the air pipe 27. Thus, the air pressure Pw of the tire when the spike is used can be obtained.

As a result, the deformation amount of the tire becomes large, the ground contact length and the ground contact width of the tire become large, and the ground contact area increases, so that the tire is formed so as not to project from the outer peripheral surface 7. The spike tip 10a is
It comes to project from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire.

At this time, since the amount of increase in the tire contact area is proportional to the amount of decrease in air pressure, the contact area of the tire increases in proportion to the decrease of the tire air pressure Pw from the normal running air pressure Ps. As a result, the spike 10 is in a state of protruding outward from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire, which is the ground contact surface,
Moreover, the number of spikes 10 protruding from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire also increases.

Moreover, the ground contact pressure of the tire is greater outside the center than in the center of the contact area, and the amount of protrusion of the spikes 10 outside the center is also greater.

In this way, the spikes 10 project outward from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire, which serves as the ground contact surface, so that the spikes 1 are generated when the vehicle is running, as in the above-described embodiment.
0 can be eaten into snow or ice, and can be gripped by spikes 10, maintaining driving performance and braking performance,
It is possible to prevent unexpected situations such as slips.

Further, during normal running when the vehicle is running on a non-snow road such as the paved road when the spike is not used, the air chamber 8 of the normal tire 1 is the air pressure in the air chamber such as in the tube or the inner liner. The air pressure of is set to the state of the air pressure Ps for normal traveling, which is the air pressure when the spike is not used.

At this time, changing the tire air pressure is the reverse operation of the first embodiment, and is performed as follows.

That is, first, the lever handle 29 is returned downward, contrary to the above, the piston 25 is slid through the piston rod 26, and the control pipe 28 and the air pipe 27 are slid.
By increasing the air pressure in the air chamber 8 of the tire 1 via the, the normal running air pressure Ps, which is the air pressure when the spike is not used, is set.

As a result, similarly to the above-described embodiment, the tip 10a of the spike 10 is recessed inside the outer peripheral surface 7 serving as the ground contact surface, and the spike 10 is recessed from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire. This allows the road surface to be gripped by the grooves (tread groove or siping) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tire when running a vehicle such as an automobile, and maintains the driving performance and braking performance to prevent unexpected situations such as slips. You can do it.

Therefore, also in this embodiment, the tire with spikes 1 is not removed from the vehicle and is attached to the vehicle, and the driver is sitting in the driver's seat.
The tire air pressure can be changed.

7 and 8 show a fourth embodiment of the spiked tire of the present invention.

That is, the tire 1 with spikes in this embodiment is different from the above-mentioned embodiments in that it is separated from the normal air chamber 8 formed by fitting the tube and the inner liner 5 inside. On the outside of the normal air chamber 8, a small tube or inner liner 11 is formed into a circular tube shape in a thick rubber layer between the tube or inner liner 5 and the tread portion 3 serving as a grounding portion, thereby forming a valve. An air chamber 13 dedicated to spikes is provided, and a large number of spikes 10 are implanted in the shoulder portion 9 of the spiked tire 1.

The spike 10 has a tip 10 only when the spike is used on a snowy road such as a soft snowy road or a frozen road.
When the spike a is projected from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire and runs on a non-snow road such as a paved road without snow, the tip 10 thereof is not used.
In order to prevent a from protruding from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire, it is formed by implanting in the shoulder portions 9 on both the left and right sides of the tire so that spikes can be projected or recessed from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire as necessary. It is provided.

The air chamber 13 dedicated to the spikes is provided with shoulders 9 on both left and right sides in which a large number of spikes 10 are implanted.
Corresponding to the above, by forming a small tube or an inner liner 11 into a circular tube inside the thick rubber layer between the normal air chamber 8, the shoulder portions 9 on both left and right sides, and the tread portion 3, the valve can be Air chamber for spikes 13
Is provided.

At this time, in the present embodiment, the air pressure in the air chamber 13 dedicated to spikes is the air pressure when the spikes are not used during normal traveling when the spikes are not used when traveling on a non-snow road. At the traveling air pressure ps, the tip 10a of the spike 10 is formed inwardly of the outer peripheral surface 7 serving as the ground contact surface.

Further, when the spike is used for traveling on a snowy road, the air pressure in the air chamber 13 dedicated to the spike is set to be the air pressure pw lower than that for the normal traveling, so that the tip 10a of the spike 10 is more than the outer peripheral surface 7 serving as the ground contact surface. It is formed so as to project outward.

Therefore, the tire air pressure Pw when using spikes on a snowy road is set to be lower than the air pressure Ps for normal running. For example, the air pressure for normal running is 2
At atmospheric pressure, the air pressure pw for traveling on a snowy road when using spikes is set to 1 atm.

Further, in the present embodiment, as well shown in FIG. 9, the tire with spikes is not removed from the vehicle and is attached to the vehicle, and the driver is sitting in the driver's seat. An air pressure adjusting device 20 similar to that of the second embodiment, which can change the air pressure of the tire, is provided.

Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described.

According to the tire with spikes of the above-mentioned embodiment, as in the case of the above-mentioned embodiment, spikes are projected from the outer peripheral surface of the tire on any road having different characteristics such as a paved road or a snowy road. Alternatively, it is possible to travel while maintaining the driving performance and the braking performance by making the depression, but the operation of the air pressure adjusting device 20 is the opposite operation to the second embodiment.

That is, first, when the automobile runs on a snowy road such as the above-mentioned frozen road, the air chamber 1 dedicated to spikes is used.
By changing (decreasing in this embodiment) the air pressure of 3, the air pressure pw of the spike-dedicated air chamber when using spikes running on a snow road is lower than the air pressure ps of normal running that is the air pressure when spikes are not used. Use low air pressure.

At this time, changing the tire air pressure is the reverse operation of the second embodiment, and is performed as follows.

That is, first, pull the lever handle 29 upward to slide the piston 25 through the piston rod 26, and reduce the air pressure in the spike-dedicated air chamber 13 through the control pipe 28 and the air pipe 27. so,
It can be set to the tire air pressure Pw when the spike is used.

Thereby, the tip 10a of the spike 10 is
Is in a state of protruding outward from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire, which serves as a ground contact surface, and the spike 10 can be gripped by the spike 10 by driving into the snow or ice when the vehicle is traveling, and the driving performance and the braking performance are maintained. It is possible to prevent an unexpected situation such as a slip.

At this time, since the increase amount of the tire contact area is proportional to the decrease amount of the air pressure, the air pressure pw of the air chamber dedicated to the spike when the spike is used is changed from the air pressure pw of the air chamber 13 dedicated to the spike when the spike is not used. The tire contact area increases in proportion to the decrease in the normal running air pressure ps, which causes the spike 10 to project outward from the tire outer peripheral surface 7 serving as the contact surface, and moreover, the tire outer periphery. The number of spikes 10 protruding from the surface 7 will also increase.

Moreover, the ground contact pressure of the tire is larger outside the center than in the center of the ground contact area, and the spike 10
The amount of projection of is larger in the outside than in the center.

In this way, the tip 10a of the spike 10 is projected outside the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire, which is the ground contact surface, so that the spike 10 can be removed when the vehicle is running, as in the previous embodiment. It can be made to bite into snow or ice, can be gripped by the spikes 10, can maintain driving performance and braking performance, and can prevent an unexpected situation such as slip.

When the vehicle is traveling normally on non-snowy roads such as paved roads, which is not in use, the air pressure in the air chamber dedicated to spikes is set to the air pressure ps for normal traveling to cause spikes. Tip 10a of 10
However, it is in a state of being recessed and formed inside the outer peripheral surface 7 serving as the ground contact surface, and the spike 10 is attached to the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire.
When the vehicle such as an automobile runs, the road surface can be gripped by the groove (tread groove or siping) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tire, so that the driving performance and the braking performance can be maintained and the slippage can be maintained. It is possible to prevent such an unexpected situation.

At this time, changing the tire air pressure is the reverse operation of the second embodiment, and is performed as follows.

That is, first, the lever handle 29 is returned downward, contrary to the above, the piston 25 is slid through the piston rod 26, and the control pipe 28 and the air pipe 27 are slid.
By increasing the air pressure in the air chamber 13 dedicated to the spikes via the, the normal running air pressure Ps, which is the air pressure when the spikes are not used, is set.

Therefore, also in this embodiment, the tire 1 with spikes is kept attached to the vehicle without being removed from the vehicle, and the driver is sitting in the driver's seat.
The tire air pressure can be changed.

By adopting the structure of this embodiment as described above, similarly to the above-mentioned embodiments, the reduction of the grip force of the tire is prevented, the braking distance is lengthened, and the car accident occurs due to the ease of slipping. It is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of problems such as, and in running on a non-snowy road, the spike 10 can be recessed from the outer peripheral surface 7 of the tire as described above. It is possible to reliably prevent the deterioration of the running performance such as that the sway is transmitted as it is and the riding comfort is significantly reduced, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dust pollution, which is the biggest problem.

FIG. 10 shows a second embodiment of the air pressure adjusting device 20 of the present invention. The air pressure adjusting device 20 is the same as the above embodiment in that the air chamber 8 of the tire 1 (or the air dedicated to spikes). An actuator 21 formed in communication with the chamber 13) and a controller 22 for controlling the actuator 21.
And a communication pipe 23 that connects the actuator 21 and the air chamber 8 of the tire 1 to each other, and operates the controller 22 to control the actuator 21 to control the tire 1
The air pressure in the air chamber 8 can be changed, but the controller 22 is different from the above embodiment in that the lever handle 29, the rod 30 connected to the lever handle 29, and the rod 30. 30 and piston rod 2
6 is connected to both ends, and is composed of a control lever 31 which rotates about a fulcrum. The actuator 22 is operated by operating the controller 22 as in the above embodiment.
1 can be controlled to change the air pressure in the air chamber 8 (or the spike-dedicated air chamber 13) of the tire 1.

In each of the above embodiments, the spike-dedicated air chamber 13 which is provided separately from the normal tire air chamber.
Was a single, but not limited to,
It is also possible to provide a plurality.

For example, the air chamber 13 dedicated to the spike in the fourth embodiment is formed along the tread portion 3 in an annular shape having a substantially oval cross-section, but unlike this, the normal air chamber 8 is formed. Corresponding to the shoulder portions 9 on both the left and right sides where a large number of spikes 10 are implanted inside the thick rubber layer between the shoulder portions 9 on both the left and right sides, separately from the normal air chamber 8 and exclusively for spikes. Two air chambers 13 can be provided.

Further, in the air pressure adjusting device 20 of the present invention, the controller 22 of the above embodiment is operated to slide the piston 25 of the actuator 21 so that the air chamber 8 of the tire 1 (or the air chamber 13 dedicated to spikes). Although not shown, the controller 22 is not limited to the one that changes the air pressure inside.
To open and close the valve of the actuator 21 to open the air chamber 8 of the tire 1 (or the air chamber 13 dedicated to spikes).
It is also possible to change the internal air pressure.

[0118]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to drive a vehicle such as an automobile while maintaining the driving performance and the braking performance on any road having a different character such as a paved road or a snowy road. Therefore, without removing the spiked tire from the vehicle, while keeping the tire attached to the vehicle, and with the driver sitting in the driver's seat, by changing the tire air pressure, if necessary, the spike from the surface of the tire, It can be projected or recessed, and has the following excellent effects.

That is, (1) spikes can be projected or recessed from the outer peripheral surface of the tire as necessary, so that the reduction of the grip force of the tire can be prevented, the braking distance can be lengthened, and slipping can be prevented. There is an advantage that it is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of troubles such as a car accident due to the ease. (2) In the case of traveling on a snowy road such as an icy road, by changing the air pressure of the tire, the spike can be projected from the outer peripheral surface of the tire to be in contact with the ground so that the spike can be snowed when the vehicle is traveling. Alternatively, there is an advantage that the driving performance and the braking performance can be maintained and an unexpected situation such as a slip can be prevented by allowing the ice to bite and grip with the spike. (3) When traveling on a non-snowy road such as a paved road, by changing the tire air pressure, the spikes are recessed from the outer peripheral surface of the tire and are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tire when the vehicle is traveling. The road surface is gripped by the groove (tread groove or siping) that maintains driving performance and braking performance,
There is an advantage that an unexpected situation such as slip can be prevented. (4) With the above-described configuration, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the tire grip force, increase the braking distance, and increase the risk due to easy slippage, thereby making it easy to cause a car accident. It has an excellent effect that it can be prevented. (5) The effect of preventing the occurrence of a car accident is remarkable especially when running on an icy road, and there is an advantage that slip can be reliably prevented. (6) The spiked tire of the present invention can be attached to the vehicle without being removed from the vehicle, and the tire pressure can be changed as necessary by changing the tire pressure while the driver is sitting in the driver's seat. Since it can be projected or recessed from the surface, it has an excellent effect that the vehicle can be driven while maintaining the driving performance and the braking performance on any road having a different character such as a paved road or a snowy road. (7) When driving on non-snowy roads, the spikes are recessed from the outer peripheral surface of the tire, so that vibrations and swaying from the road surface during traveling due to the contact between the spikes and the road are transmitted as they are, and the riding comfort is significantly reduced. There is an advantage that it is possible to surely prevent the deterioration of the traveling performance such as lack of driving stability. (8) When traveling on a non-snowy road, the spike is recessed from the outer peripheral surface of the tire to avoid ground contact between the spike and the road surface, and road damage due to scraping of the road surface due to the spike,
There is an advantage that it is possible to solve the problem that the scraped portion becomes dust and causes dust pollution. (9) Without removing the spiked tire from the vehicle,
With the tire attached to the vehicle and the driver sitting in the driver's seat, by changing the tire pressure, the spikes can be projected or recessed from the tire surface as needed, making the operation easy and easy. There is an advantage.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a spiked tire according to a first embodiment of the present invention when the spike is not used.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a spiked tire of the first embodiment according to the present invention when the spike is used.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the second embodiment of the spiked tire according to the present invention when the spike is not used.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a spiked tire of the second embodiment according to the present invention when the spike is used.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the spiked tire according to the present invention when the spike is not used.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a spiked tire according to a third embodiment of the present invention when the spike is used.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a spiked tire according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention when the spike is not used.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a spiked tire according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention when the spike is used.

FIG. 9 is a system diagram showing an air pressure adjusting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a system diagram showing an air pressure adjusting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Tire with spikes 2 Taya body with spikes 3 Tread part 4 Reinforcement part 5 Tube or inner liner 6 Tread groove 7 Outer peripheral surface to be the grounding surface 8 Normal tire air chamber 9 Shoulder part 10 Spikes 10a Tip 10b Rear end 11 Small tube And inner liner 13 Tire air chamber for spikes 20 Air pressure adjusting device 21 Actuator 22 Controller 23 Communication pipe 24 Cylinder 25 Piston 26 Piston rod 27 Communication pipe 28 Control pipe 29 Lever handle 30 Rod 31 Control lever D Tread groove depth B Specified width of tread groove Ps Normal tire air pressure when spike is not used Ph Tire pressure when spike is used (higher than normal running air pressure Ps) Pw Tire pressure when spike is used (normal running air pressure) Air pressure lower than atmospheric pressure Ps) ps Air pressure in the tire air chamber dedicated to spike when spike is not used ph Tire pressure when spike is used (air pressure higher than normal running air pressure ps) pw Tire pressure when spike is used (lower than normal running air pressure ps) air pressure)

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A wheel or the like of an automobile provided with spikes (studs, tacks) which can be projected or recessed from the outer peripheral surface of the tire by changing the air pressure of the tire as necessary. In tires with spikes
Without removing the spiked tire from the vehicle, the tire is attached to the vehicle, and the driver is sitting in the driver's seat, equipped with an air pressure adjusting device that can change the tire air pressure, and by operating the air pressure adjusting device. ,
A spiked tire, characterized in that spikes can be projected or recessed from the surface of the tire. 2. An air pressure adjusting device comprises an actuator formed in communication with the air chamber of the tire, a controller for controlling the actuator, and a communication pipe forming communication between the actuator and the air chamber of the tire. The tire with spikes according to claim 1, further comprising: operating the controller to control the actuator to change the air pressure in the air chamber of the tire. 3. The tire with spikes according to claim 2, wherein the actuator comprises a cylinder and a piston slidably provided in the cylinder. 4. The communication pipe comprises a communication pipe formed to communicate with the air chamber of the tire, and a control pipe forming communication between the communication pipe and the actuator. Tires with spikes. 5. The spiked tire according to claim 2, wherein the controller includes a lever handle connected to the piston via a piston rod. 6. The spiked tire according to claim 2, wherein the controller includes a lever that operates a piston through a piston rod by operating a lever handle.