JPH07308032A - Two output voltage generator motor system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a generator motor system which can output two high and low voltages while suppressing fluctuation in the rectified output voltage. CONSTITUTION:During the torque assist period of an engine, semiconductor switches S1,..., S6 in an inverter circuit 4 are turned ON/OFF to apply an AC three-phase voltage to a generator motor 2 and during the charging period of a high voltage power storage means 8, semiconductor switches T1,..., T3 of a low voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier 9 are turned OFF. Consequently, a generated voltage is rectified through high voltage three-phase full-wave rectifiers D1,..., D6 and during the charging period of a low voltage power storage means 10, the semiconductor switches S1,..., S 6 in the driver circuit 4 are turned OFF and an ON voltage is applied to the semiconductor switches T1,..., T3 of the low voltage power storage means 9.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a two-voltage output type generator-motor device capable of parallel power supply to a plurality of loads by separate power supply systems.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 62-55835 discloses a two-voltage output type vehicle generator. With this technology,
In addition to the low-order half bridge and high-order half bridge, each of which is composed of three semiconductor elements (diode or semiconductor switch) to form a three-phase full-wave rectifier, another set of three semiconductor switches is added. It is proposed that the half bridges are arranged on the high side or the low side, and at least the on-time of the semiconductor switch constituting the additional half bridge is independently controlled to output two voltages of different magnitudes.

[0003]

However, in the conventional two-voltage output type vehicular generator described above, the absolute value of the generated voltage indicates the on-time of each semiconductor switch forming the additional half bridge or the higher half bridge. There has been a problem that the output rectified voltage will inevitably vary greatly, because it must be turned on and off at high speed in synchronization with each other within a period within a predetermined range.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a two-voltage output type generator-motor device capable of outputting high and low two voltages while avoiding an increase in fluctuation of the output rectified voltage. There is.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a two-voltage output type generator-motor apparatus which comprises a three-phase AC generator-motor which is connected to a vehicle engine so as to be able to transfer torque, and a high voltage which stores electricity at a high voltage. A high voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier composed of a diode, a low-voltage power storage means for storing at a low voltage, a semiconductor switch individually connected in parallel to each diode of the high-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier, and the three-phase A driver circuit interposed between the AC generator motor and the high-voltage power storage means to perform AC / DC conversion of electric power and mediate power transfer between the two, and at least three semiconductor switches and each of the semiconductor switches. One of the main electrode pairs is commonly connected to one end of the low-voltage power storage means, and the other of the main electrode pairs is connected to the output of each phase of the three-phase AC generator motor. A low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier individually connected to the end, and the semiconductor switch of the driver circuit is intermittently controlled in synchronism with the rotation angle of the generator motor during torque assisting of the engine, and the generator motor is controlled. Is electrically operated and shuts off the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier, and shuts off the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier while charging the high-voltage storage means. During a period in which the output of the generator motor is rectified by a three-phase full-wave rectifier to charge the high-voltage power storage means and the low-voltage power storage means is charged, the semiconductor switch of the driver circuit is shut off and the semiconductor of the low-voltage power storage means is turned off. And a controller for transmitting an ON signal to the switch to charge the low-voltage power storage means.

In the two-voltage output type generator-motor apparatus of the second structure of the present invention, the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier in the first structure is a thyristor, and the controller is the low-voltage power storage means. It is a further feature that the on-state voltage is always output to the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier during the charging period.

In the above low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier, one of the main electrode pairs is connected to the high-level end or the low-level end of the low-voltage storage means, and the other main electrode pair is the output of each phase of the three-phase AC generator-motor. The three semiconductor switches individually connected to the ends constitute a high-side or low-side half bridge of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier. In addition, it is possible to have a remaining half bridge paired with the above-mentioned low-voltage three-phase full-wave half bridge. For example, this remaining half bridge is composed of three diodes. For example, when the three semiconductor switches form a high-side half bridge, the anodes of the three diodes are commonly connected to the low-side end of the low-voltage storage means, and the cathodes of the three diodes are connected. It can be individually connected to each phase output of the three-phase AC generator motor.

Further, the remaining half bridge can be omitted, and in this case, one half bridge of the three-phase full-wave rectifier of the driver circuit is paired with the half bridge of the three-phase full-wave rectifier for low voltage. To construct a three-phase full-wave rectifier. A two-voltage output type generator-motor device of a third configuration of the present invention includes a three-phase AC generator motor that is connected to a vehicle engine so that torque can be transferred, a high-voltage power storage unit that stores a high voltage, and a low voltage that stores a low voltage. A storage means, a high-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier composed of diodes, and a semiconductor switch individually connected in parallel to each diode of the high-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier, and the three-phase AC generator motor and the high-voltage storage means A driver circuit that is interposed between the two and mediates power transfer between the two while performing AC / DC conversion of power;
It has a high-side half bridge composed of at least three low-voltage diodes, the cathode of each low-voltage diode is connected to the high-end of the low-voltage storage means via a low-voltage semiconductor switch, and each low-voltage diode A low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier whose anode is individually connected to the output terminals of the respective phases of the three-phase alternating-current generator motor, and the semiconductor switch of the driver circuit during the torque assist period to the engine. Of the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier while electrically controlling the generator motor by intermittent control while synchronizing with the rotation angle of
During the period of charging the high-voltage power storage means, the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier is cut off, and the output of the generator motor is rectified by the high-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier to charge the high-voltage power storage means. And a controller that shuts off the semiconductor switch of the driver circuit and transmits an ON signal to the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage power storage means to charge the low-voltage power storage means during a period of charging the low-voltage power storage means. Is characterized by.

Each of the diodes of the high-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier constitutes a three-phase full-wave rectifier and also serves as a flywheel diode of each semiconductor switch connected in parallel.

[0010]

According to the first structure of the present invention,
During the period in which torque assist is applied to the engine, each semiconductor switch of the driver circuit is turned on and off, and the three-phase AC voltage is applied to the generator motor. By shutting off, the generated voltage is rectified by the three-phase full-wave rectifier for high voltage to charge the high-voltage power storage means, and each semiconductor switch of the driver circuit is shut off during the period for charging the low-voltage power storage means, and the low-voltage power storage means The on-voltage is applied to the semiconductor switch.

That is, according to this structure, the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage power storage means is cut off, and the semiconductor switch of the driver circuit is intermittently operated to electrically operate the generator motor, and the diode type three-phase full-wave rectifier of the driver circuit is operated. Is used to charge the high voltage power storage means. Further, the low-voltage power storage means is charged by operating the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier by applying an ON command to the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier. At this time, the diode type three-phase full-wave rectifier of the driver circuit is reversely biased and automatically shut off.

As described above, according to this configuration, when switching the charging to the high voltage storage means and the low voltage storage means,
Since it is carried out by turning on / off the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier, the control is simple and each semiconductor is synchronized with the phase change of the generated three-phase AC voltage for each cycle. Since it is not necessary to switch on and off at high speed, it is possible to obtain an effect that the ripple of the output rectified voltage is small (the fluctuation of the output rectified voltage is small).

That is, the driver circuit for exchanging electric power with the high-voltage power storage means used in this configuration is for switching between the power generation operation and the electric operation of the generator motor, and it is used for torque assist such as engine start and slope, and idle. Applications are almost limited to power generation and electric alternating operation to reduce vibration during rotation. These operation periods do not last so long and are short periods, for example, within a few minutes, and during this period, the low-voltage power storage means needs to sufficiently supply the electric load for the vehicle without charging the low-voltage power storage means. You can

This structure is made by paying attention to the above points, and in order to avoid complicated control and fluctuation of the rectified voltage,
The low voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier is cut off when the driver circuit is activated, so that the low voltage storage means is not charged. By doing so, the load on the low-voltage power storage means is somewhat increased, but the above-described effects can be obtained.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, further, the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier is composed of a thyristor, and the controller is charging the low-voltage power storage means while the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier is being charged. Since the on-state voltage is always output to the semiconductor switch of the rectifier, the effect of the first configuration can be further improved. According to a third configuration of the present invention, the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier of the first configuration is provided with a high-level half bridge composed of at least three low-voltage diodes, a cathode of the low-voltage diode, and low-voltage storage. Since it is configured by a low-voltage semiconductor switch that connects the high-order end of the means, the same effect as the first configuration can be obtained, and the number of semiconductor switches that require switching control can be reduced, and the control is simple. It is possible to achieve the effect that

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Each embodiment of a vehicle vibration damping device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (Embodiment 1) In FIG. 1, an engine 1 and a synchronous machine (generator / motor in the present invention) 2 are mechanically directly connected, and a mechanical load 3 leading to a tire (not shown) is connected. Reference numeral 4 is a driver circuit for supplying AC power to the synchronous machine 2 and converting AC power generated by the synchronous machine into DC. Reference numeral 5 is a controller for controlling the driver circuit 4, 6 is an arithmetic unit (ECU) for obtaining a control signal, and 7 is a rotation sensor for detecting the angular velocity of the engine 1 and the magnetic pole position (not shown) of the synchronous machine 2. Reference numeral 8 denotes a torque assist of the synchronous machine 2 and a high-voltage battery used as a power source at the time of starting (it can also be used for high-voltage power storage means in the present invention, torque fluctuation reduction, vehicle damping), and through the driver circuit 4. Power is exchanged with the synchronous machine 2.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a rectifier (three-phase full-wave rectifier for low voltage referred to in the present invention) that three-phase full-wave rectifies the generated voltage of the synchronous machine 2, and a low-voltage battery (low-voltage storage means referred to in the present invention) 10
To charge. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the synchronous machine 2, the rectifier 9 and the driver circuit 4, where 12 is an armature winding of the synchronous machine 2, 13 is a field winding thereof, and 14 is a current flowing through the field winding 10. , 15 is a flywheel diode. S1 to S6 are semiconductor switches (IGBT in this embodiment) that constitute the driver circuit 4, and D
1 to D6 also serve as flywheel diodes of the semiconductor switches S1 to S6 and constitute a high-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier.

In this embodiment, the rectifier 9 is composed of thyristors T1 to T3 which form a high side half bridge and diodes D7 to D9 which form a low side half bridge. Each cathode of the thyristors T1 to T3 is connected to the high end of the low voltage battery 10 and one end of the electric load 11 for the vehicle. The anodes of the diodes D7 to D9 are connected to the low end of the low voltage battery 10 and the other end of the vehicle electric load 11.

The anodes of the thyristors T1 to T3 and the cathodes of the diodes D7 to D9 are individually connected to the phase output terminals of the synchronous machine 2. The control terminals of the thyristors T1 to T3 are simultaneously controlled by the controller 5. Similarly, each input terminal of the driver circuit is individually connected to each phase output terminal of the synchronous machine 2, the high-level output terminal of the driver circuit 4 is connected to the high-level terminal of the high-voltage battery 8, and the low-level output of the driver circuit 4 is connected. The end is connected to the low end of the high voltage battery 8.

Of course, the semiconductor switches S1 to S6 of the driver circuit 4 are controlled by the controller 5. In this embodiment, the low voltage battery 10 is rated at 12V and the high voltage battery 8 is rated at 48V. The operation of this device will be described with reference to the timing chart of FIG. (At engine start) At engine start, thyristor T
1 to T3 are turned off, a field current If is passed through the field winding 13, and the semiconductor switches S1 to S6 are switched in synchronization with the rotation angle of the synchronous machine 2 to electrically operate the synchronous machine 2. Since the switching order and phase of the semiconductor switches S1 to S6 are well known, description thereof will be omitted. (At idle rotation) At idle rotation after the engine is started, the field current If is once set to 0, and the thyristor T
The low voltage battery 1 is controlled by continuously flowing a high level (ON) current to the control terminals 1 to T3 and then adjusting the field current If.
Charge 0. At this time, the controller 5 monitors the terminal voltage of the low-voltage battery 10 and feedback-controls the field current If based on it, and maintains the terminal voltage of the low-voltage battery 10 at 12V. (At the time of acceleration) Acceleration is detected by calculating the angle signal detected by the rotation sensor. During this acceleration, the thyristor T1
~ T3 is turned off, and the controller 5 supplies a current proportional to the amount of depression of an accelerator pedal (not shown) to the synchronous machine 2
Is operated electrically to assist the engine torque.

However, in this embodiment, when the engine 1 or the synchronous machine 2 is rotating at high speed, the torque assist effect is small and the field current If is set to 0, and then the thyristor T1 is set.
~ T3 is turned on, semiconductor switches S1 to S6 are turned off,
The field current If is increased to charge the low voltage battery 10. (During constant speed driving) In this case as well, after the field current If is set to 0, the thyristors T1 to T3 are turned on to turn on the semiconductor switch S.
1 to S6 are turned off and the field current If is increased to charge the low voltage battery 10.

(During deceleration) In this case, since a large deceleration energy (comparable to the torque assist energy during acceleration) can be recovered, the field current If is set to 0 and the thyristors T1 to T3 are turned off. The magnetic current If is set to a value proportional to the brake depression amount, and the high-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier of the driver circuit 4 recovers the generated voltage of the synchronous machine 2 to the high-voltage battery 8.

The controller can determine whether or not the vehicle is decelerating based on the amount of depression of the brake pedal. Td1 to Td4 are dead times, and in this embodiment, Td1, Td3, and Td4 are 0.1.
.About.0.3 seconds, and Td2 was set to 0.01 to 0.05 seconds. It is preferable that the controller 5 controls the driver circuit 4 so that the capacity of the high-voltage battery 8 is set to 50 to 70% of full charge so that torque assist during acceleration and energy regeneration during deceleration are not hindered. Further, it is preferable that the controller 5 controls the rectifier 9 so that the low-voltage battery 10 maintains a capacity of 80% or more. (Embodiment 2) Another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

In this embodiment, a large-capacity capacitor 16 is used as a high voltage storage means instead of the high voltage battery 8 of the first embodiment. However, in this case, since the large-capacity capacitor 16 becomes insufficient in capacity due to self-discharge at the time of engine start, the DC-DC boost converter 17 is used to boost the power of the low-voltage battery 10 to supply power to the driver circuit 4. There is. (Embodiment 3) Another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

In this embodiment, the thyristor T of the rectifier 9 is
1 to T3 are replaced with diodes D10 to D12, and a semiconductor switch (low voltage semiconductor switch in the present invention) T4 is provided between the commonly connected cathodes of the diodes D10 to D12 and the high potential end of the low voltage battery 10. ,
The semiconductor switch T4 is similarly controlled by the controller 5.

Even in this case, the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained. (Embodiment 4) Another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the rectifier 9 is composed of only the high-side half bridge composed of thyristors T1 to T3, and these thyristors T1 to T3 are for low voltage together with the diodes D4 to D6 forming the low-side half bridge of the driver circuit 4. A three-phase full-wave rectifier can be constructed, and the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained. Moreover, the number of semiconductor elements can be reduced. (Fifth Embodiment) Another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

In this embodiment, the thyristor T of the first embodiment is used.
1 to T3 are replaced with diodes D10 to D12, and a semiconductor switch (low voltage semiconductor switch in the present invention) T4 is provided between the commonly connected cathodes of the diodes D10 to D12 and the high potential end of the low voltage battery 10. ,
Moreover, the diodes D7 to D9 of the first embodiment are omitted, and the operation is the same as that of the third and fourth embodiments.

Even in this case, the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained, and the number of semiconductor switches to be switched can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a driver circuit 4, a rectifier 9 and a generator motor (synchronous machine) 2 shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing the operation of the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an apparatus according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an apparatus of Example 3.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing an apparatus of Example 4.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing an apparatus of Example 5.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is an engine, 2 is a synchronous machine (generator motor), 4 is a driver circuit, 5 is a controller, 6 is an arithmetic unit (ECU),
7 is a rotation sensor (rotation angle detection device), 8 is a high voltage battery (high voltage power storage means), 9 is a rectifier, 10 is a low voltage battery (low voltage power storage means), 12 is an armature winding, 10 is a field winding. , S1 to S6 are semiconductor switches (IGBT) of the driver circuit 4, T1 to T3 are thyristors of the rectifier 9, and T
4 is a low voltage semiconductor switch.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A three-phase high-voltage three-phase all-electric device including a three-phase AC generator motor connected to a vehicle engine so as to be able to transfer torque, a high-voltage power storage means for storing a high voltage and a low-voltage power storage means for storing a low voltage, and a diode. Wave rectifier and a semiconductor switch that is individually connected in parallel to each diode of the high-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier, and is interposed between the three-phase AC generator motor and the high-voltage power storage means to perform AC-DC conversion of electric power. And a driver circuit that mediates the transfer of electric power between the two, and at least three semiconductor switches, and one of the main electrode pairs of each semiconductor switch is commonly connected and connected to one end of the low-voltage power storage means, And, the other of the respective main electrode pairs, a low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier individually connected to the output end of each phase of the three-phase AC generator motor, the engine During the period of the torque assist, the semiconductor switch of the driver circuit is intermittently controlled in synchronization with the rotation angle of the generator motor to electrically operate the generator motor, and the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier is shut off. Then, during the period of charging the high-voltage power storage means,
A period for shutting off the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier and charging the high-voltage power storage means by rectifying the output of the generator motor by the high-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier and charging the low-voltage power storage means. And a controller for shutting off the semiconductor switch of the driver circuit and transmitting an ON signal to the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage power storage means to charge the low-voltage power storage means. Electric device. 2. The semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier is composed of a thyristor, and the controller is constantly turned on to the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier during a period of charging the low-voltage power storage means. The two-voltage output type generator-motor device according to claim 1, which outputs a voltage. 3. A three-phase all-phase high-voltage generator comprising a three-phase AC generator motor connected to a vehicle engine so that torque can be transferred, a high-voltage power storage means for storing a high voltage and a low-voltage power storage means for storing a low voltage, and a diode. Wave rectifier and a semiconductor switch that is individually connected in parallel to each diode of the high-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier, and is interposed between the three-phase AC generator motor and the high-voltage power storage means to perform AC-DC conversion of electric power. A high-side half bridge composed of at least three low voltage diodes is provided, and a driver circuit that mediates power transfer between the two while performing the operation, and the cathode of each low voltage diode has the low voltage via a low voltage semiconductor switch. A low voltage connected to the high end of the power storage means, and an anode of each of the low voltage diodes is individually connected to an output end of each phase of the three-phase AC generator motor. A three-phase full-wave rectifier for pressure, and during the period of torque assisting the engine, the semiconductor switch of the driver circuit is intermittently controlled in synchronism with the rotation angle of the generator motor to electrically operate the generator motor and the low voltage During the period in which the semiconductor switch of the three-phase full-wave rectifier is cut off and the high-voltage power storage means is charged,
A period for shutting off the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier and charging the high-voltage power storage means by rectifying the output of the generator motor by the high-voltage three-phase full-wave rectifier and charging the low-voltage power storage means. And a controller for shutting off the semiconductor switch of the driver circuit and transmitting an ON signal to the semiconductor switch of the low-voltage power storage means to charge the low-voltage power storage means. Electric device.