JPH07115704A - Retarder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a high-voltage battery to be charged to the minimum voltage necessary for starting an engine in case of engine start failure. CONSTITUTION:Between an auxiliary winding 16 of a rotating machine that has a duplex winding structure and assists an engine and a comparatively low voltage auxiliary battery, a booster chopper comprising transistors Tr1, Tr2, a thyristor D6 and the auxiliary winding 16 is provided. The booster chopper is part of a rectifier circuit 32. A high voltage battery is charged with power from the auxiliary battery, in which process the voltage of the auxiliary battery, after being boosted with the booster chopper, is transformed with the auxiliary winding 16 and main winding 14, and rectified with an inverter 18.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a retarder device used for starting and braking a vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A retarder device is a device that has a function of braking an engine and also functions as a starter and an acceleration assist for starting or accelerating the engine. For example, the retarder device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-207907 is configured as a squirrel cage polyphase induction machine, and is arranged between the crankshaft of the engine and the transmission. When the engine is braked, this induction machine is operated as a generator to convert mechanical energy into electric energy and charge the battery. When starting or accelerating the engine, this induction machine is operated as an electric motor to convert the electric energy supplied from the battery into mechanical energy,
Assists in engine starting and acceleration. This induction machine needs to have a high output torque for braking, acceleration, etc. of the crankshaft, and therefore the battery used in this retarder device also needs to be a high voltage battery.

[0003]

By the way, in the vehicle,
It is equipped with headlights and other electrical accessories. Since this type of auxiliary equipment has a low-voltage DC power supply specification, a battery having a much lower voltage than that of the above-mentioned high-voltage battery is usually mounted in the vehicle. This low voltage battery can be charged with the discharge power of the high voltage battery. As a configuration therefor, for example, there is a configuration using a DC / DC converter, but since the DC / DC converter is expensive and heavy, it is not desirable to use it.

As a structure that can achieve the above object without using a DC / DC converter, there is a structure previously proposed by the applicant of the present application (Japanese Patent Application No. 5-84660). Figure 5
Shows the schematic configuration thereof.

An engine 10 shown in this figure is a drive source of a vehicle, and a motor generator 12 functioning as a retarder is disposed on the crankshaft of the engine 10. The motor generator 12 is configured as, for example, a three-phase AC induction machine. As shown in more detail in FIG. 6, the motor generator 12 has a structure in which the main winding 14 and the auxiliary winding 16 are double-wound around the stator so as to form a transformer. Main winding 14 of them
To the high voltage battery 20 via the inverter 18, the auxiliary winding 16 to the low voltage battery 24 via the inverter 22,
Each is connected.

The inverters 18 and 22 are, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, two switching elements for each phase (IGBT: Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor in this figure).
Is bridge-connected with the diode. Therefore, the modulation signal is supplied to the gate of each IGBT,
By performing switching with a predetermined modulation duty, the DC voltage applied to the DC terminal by the high voltage battery 20 or the auxiliary battery 24 is converted into an AC current having an effective value corresponding to the above modulation, and the connection of each IGBT pair is made. It is output from the point. On the contrary, when an AC voltage is applied from the AC output terminal with all the IGBTs turned off, the inverter 18 or 22 has a diode bridge structure and functions as a rectifier circuit. Therefore, the high voltage connected to the DC terminal is high. The battery 20 or the auxiliary battery 24 is charged with a direct current obtained by rectification.

The operations of the engine 10 and the inverters 18 and 22 are controlled by the controller 26. FIG. 7 shows the operation of the controller 26 in the reference example, particularly the flow of engine start control.

When the start signal (ST) is supplied, the controller 26 starts the engine start control in response to this.
After starting the engine start control, the controller 26 first determines whether the rotation speed N of the engine 10 is 0 (10
0), if not 0, immediately proceed to the main routine and shift to normal control. If 0, engine 1
Since it can be considered that 0 is stopped, the control after step 102 is executed.

The controller 26 determines, in step 102, the high voltage battery 2 detected by the voltage sensor 28.
It is determined whether the voltage Vh of 0 is a predetermined value V1 or more. The predetermined value V1 is set based on the minimum operating point VBm of the system, and is the minimum voltage (see FIG. 8) required to start the engine 10 by the motor generator 12. Further, the voltage V1 is set in consideration of a voltage drop due to discharge of the high voltage battery 20 and a voltage drop due to a discharge current. If Vh ≧ V1, the controller 26
Turns off the contactor 30 provided between the auxiliary battery 24 and the inverter 22 (104), and sets the magnetic flux φ generated by the main winding 14 to the maximum value φmax (106). The torque command T indicating the torque to be generated by 12 is calculated according to the rotation speed N (10
8) Further, the current command indicating the current to be supplied to the motor generator 12 is vector-calculated according to the torque command T (11).
0). The current command obtained by the vector calculation is supplied as a PWM (pulse width modulation) signal to the gates of the IGBTs forming the inverter 18. Therefore, in this state, the discharge power of the high voltage battery 20 causes the motor generator 12 to operate.
Is driven as an electric motor. This control is repeated until the rotation speed N reaches the rotation speed N1 indicating the idle operation state (112), and when the rotation speed N1 is reached, the main winding 14 is deenergized (114). At this point, engine 1
0 has already started.

When Vh <V1 in step 102, it can be considered that the high voltage battery 20 cannot drive the motor generator 12 to start the engine 10 as it is. Therefore, the controller 26 turns on the contactor 30 and connects the auxiliary battery 24 to the inverter 22 (116), and then executes charging control of the high-voltage battery 20 by the discharge output of the auxiliary battery 24 (11).
8). That is, each IGBT that constitutes the inverter 22
The switching output of the auxiliary battery 24 is controlled to convert the discharge output of the auxiliary battery 24 into an alternating current, and each IGBT constituting the inverter 18 is turned off to cause the inverter 18 to function as a rectifying circuit. As described above, since the main winding 14 and the auxiliary winding 16 constitute a transformer, the high voltage battery 20 can be charged by such control. When the charging progresses and the voltage Vh reaches the predetermined value Vmax (120), the controller 26 stops the charging of the high voltage battery 20 by the auxiliary battery 24 (122), and then shifts to the main routine. Therefore, by subsequently executing the routine of FIG. 7 again, the engine 10 can be suitably started.

From the above description of the starting of the engine 10 and the charging of the high voltage battery 20 by the auxiliary battery 24, acceleration assist and braking control under the configuration of FIGS. 5 and 6 and the auxiliary battery 24 by the high voltage battery 20 are performed. It is also clear that the control such as charging can be executed. Therefore, according to the configuration previously proposed by the applicant of the present application, the auxiliary battery can be charged by the high-voltage battery without the DC / DC converter.

However, if the high voltage battery 20 is to be charged by the control operation as shown in FIG. 7, the high voltage battery 20 may not be charged to a voltage required for starting the engine 10 in some cases.

First, the voltage conversion ratio (step-down ratio) when charging the auxiliary battery 24 with the electric power of the high-voltage battery 20 is
It is determined by the conversion ratio of the inverter 18, the number of turns of the main winding 14 and the auxiliary winding 16, and the rectification conversion ratio of the inverter 22.
Since the conversion ratio or the rectification conversion ratio of the inverters 18 and 22 is a predetermined value, the step-down ratio is determined by the winding ratio of the main winding 14 and the auxiliary winding 16. When the minimum operating point VBm of the high voltage battery 20 is 120V and the specification of the auxiliary battery 24 is 12V, this step-down ratio is set to 10: 1, for example. At this time, the minimum voltage V1 required for starting the engine 10 is set to 140V, for example.

The voltage conversion ratio (boosting ratio) when charging the high voltage battery 20 with the electric power of the auxiliary battery 24 is conversely
Since the conversion ratio of the inverter 22 × the number of turns of the auxiliary winding 16 and the main winding 14 × the rectification conversion ratio of the inverter 18, when the step-down ratio is set to 10: 1, the step-up ratio is almost 1:10.
Becomes

When charging with such boosting, the high-voltage battery 20 can be charged to the minimum operating point VBm (120V), but cannot be recharged to the voltage V1 (140V) required for starting the engine 10. become. Therefore, if the engine 10 fails to start or is charged with electric power of the high-voltage battery 20 due to another load, the high-voltage battery 2 is once charged.
It becomes difficult to charge 0 to the minimum voltage V1 required for starting the engine 10 by the electric power of the auxiliary battery 24.

As a method of avoiding such a problem,
A method of mounting a transformer dedicated to charging the high voltage battery 20 by the auxiliary battery 24 in addition to the transformer in the motor generator 12 can be considered, but this method increases the weight due to the addition of the transformer, This causes problems such as the need for contacts for switching the charging path.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and partially improves the circuit by limiting the step-up ratio due to the winding ratio in a rotating machine having a double winding structure. It is intended to be alleviated by

[0018]

In order to achieve such an object, the retarder device of the present invention is a rotating machine in which a high voltage winding and a low voltage winding are wound on a stator so as to form a transformer. A high-voltage power storage device that charges and discharges at a relatively high voltage, a low-voltage power storage device that charges and discharges at a relatively low voltage, and a DC power that is provided between the high-voltage power storage device and the high-voltage winding and that is discharged from the high-voltage power storage device. Between the low-voltage winding and the inverter that charges the high-voltage power storage device with the direct-current power obtained by rectifying the AC power supplied from the high-voltage winding AC power supplied from the low-voltage winding is rectified according to the rectification control signal to charge the low-voltage power storage device, and the DC power discharged from the low-voltage power storage device is boosted according to the boost control signal. Converted to and supplied to the low voltage winding When charging the low-voltage power storage device using the functional rectifier circuit and the AC power supplied from the low-voltage winding, the rectification control signal is used to charge the high-voltage power storage device using the DC power discharged from the low-voltage power storage device. In some cases, a control means for outputting a boost control signal is provided.

[0019]

According to the present invention, when the high voltage power storage device is charged with the DC power discharged from the low voltage power storage device, the boosting control signal is output from the control means. When the boost control signal is generated, the DC power discharged from the low-voltage power storage device is converted into AC power while being boosted and supplied to the low-voltage winding based on this. Therefore, the boosting ratio at the time of charging becomes higher than the limit due to the winding number ratio, and the high-voltage power storage device is suitably charged to the required voltage.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The same components as those of the reference example shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1 shows the structure of a retarder device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, in this embodiment, a rectifier circuit 32 with a boost chopper is used instead of the inverter 22. As shown in FIG. 2, the step-up chopper-equipped rectifier circuit 32 has a configuration in which five diodes D1 to D5 and a thyristor D6 are bridge-connected, and further, a set of auxiliary windings 16 including the motor generator 12 is provided. It has a configuration in which transistors (IGBTs in this figure) Tr1 and Tr2 are provided in parallel with the diodes D1 and D3 according to the present invention. The thyristor D6 is connected in series with the diode D3.

FIG. 3 shows the flow of the operation of the controller 34 in this embodiment, particularly the engine start control operation. In this embodiment, steps 124 to 130 are executed instead of steps 118 to 122 in the reference example.

The voltage Vh of the high voltage battery 20 is a predetermined value V1.
If less, the controller 34 turns on the contactor 30 (116) and then turns on the transistor Tr1 and turns off the thyristor D6 (124).
Subsequently, the controller 34 supplies a control signal to the gate of the transistor Tr2 (126), and the transistor Tr2
The duty control of 2 is started. In this state, the + side terminal of the auxiliary battery 24 is in the ON state of the transistor Tr.
1 is connected to the auxiliary machine winding 16, and the-side terminal of the auxiliary machine battery 24 is connected to the auxiliary machine winding 16 via a transistor Tr2 which is turned on in response to a control signal. Therefore, the circuit 32 constitutes a step-up chopper by coupling with the auxiliary machine winding 16, and the output of the auxiliary machine battery 24 is boosted by this step-up chopper. Therefore, the high voltage battery 20 can be charged to a voltage higher than that of the reference example. The controller 34 stops this control when the voltage Vh of the high voltage battery 20 reaches the target value Vd (1
28), after turning off the transistors Tr1 and Tr2 (130), the process returns to the main routine.

FIG. 4 shows the contents of the system operation in this embodiment in the form of a timing chart. As shown in this figure, in the state where the motor generator 12 is operating as an electric motor and the state where the motor generator 12 is operating as a generator (auxiliary equipment charging mode) by the electric power of the high voltage battery 20, the transistors Tr1 and Tr2 are in an off state. , And the thyristor D6 is fired. This ignition is executed according to the charging voltage of the auxiliary battery 24. Therefore, the controller 34 detects the generated voltage by the voltage sensor 36 provided on the side of the auxiliary winding 16 of the motor generator 12. On the contrary, in the state where the high voltage battery 20 is charged by the power of the auxiliary battery 24 (auxiliary device discharge mode), the control of steps 124 and 126 is performed.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, since the booster chopper is used to charge the high voltage battery 20 with the auxiliary battery 24, even if the engine 10 fails to start, 10
The device can be charged to the minimum voltage V1 required for starting the device, and a more reliable device can be obtained. Further, at that time, since the step-up and the rectification are realized by the single circuit 32, the device configuration is simplified and it is not necessary to provide another charger. further,
No mechanical contact point is required for the operation control itself of the step-up chopper rectifier circuit 32. From this aspect, the device configuration is downsized and the reliability is improved.

In the above description, the power source of the motor generator 12 is the high voltage battery 20, but for the original purpose of starting, this may be replaced with a capacitor having a sufficient electrostatic capacity. . Further, in this case, the capacitor is more likely to be self-discharged than the battery, so that the voltage is likely to drop. Therefore, if the vehicle is automatically charged even when the vehicle is parked, the voltage at which the engine can be started can be maintained at all times.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention,
When charging the high-voltage power storage device with the DC power discharged from the low-voltage power storage device, the rectifier circuit arranged between the low-voltage winding and the low-voltage power storage device is made to function as a booster circuit. The ratio becomes higher than the limit due to the winding number ratio, and the high-voltage power storage device is preferably charged to the required voltage. This makes it possible to reliably perform an operation such as restart even when the engine fails to start.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a retarder device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a detailed configuration of a main part of this embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of engine starting control in this embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing the operation timing of the boost chopper in this embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a retarder device according to a reference example previously proposed by the applicant of the present application.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a detailed configuration of a main part of this reference example.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a flow of engine starting control in this reference example.

FIG. 8 is a battery characteristic diagram showing a problem of this reference example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Engine 12 Motor Generator 14 Main Winding 16 Auxiliary Winding 18 Inverter 20 High Voltage Battery 24 Auxiliary Battery 30 Contactor 32 Booster Chopper Rectifier Circuit 34 Controller D6 Thyristor Tr1, Tr2 Transistor Vh High Voltage Battery Voltage VBm Minimum Operating Point V1 Minimum voltage required to start the engine

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location H02J 7/00 L 303 C

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rotating machine in which a high-voltage winding and a low-voltage winding are wound on a stator so as to form a transformer, a high-voltage power storage device that charges and discharges with a relatively high voltage, and a charging device with a relatively low voltage. A low-voltage power storage device that discharges, and is provided between the high-voltage power storage device and the high-voltage winding, converts the DC power discharged from the high-voltage power storage device into AC power, supplies the AC power to the high-voltage winding, and supplies the high-voltage winding. An inverter that charges a high-voltage power storage device with direct-current power obtained by rectifying AC power and a low-voltage power storage device that is provided between the low-voltage winding and the low-voltage power storage device and rectifies AC power supplied from the low-voltage winding. In a retarder device including a rectifying circuit to be charged, a rectification control signal is used when charging a low-voltage power storage device with AC power supplied from a low-voltage winding, and a DC power discharged from the low-voltage power storage device is used. When charging a high-voltage power storage device Has a control means for outputting a boost control signal, and the rectifier circuit rectifies the AC power supplied from the low-voltage winding according to the rectification control signal to charge the low-voltage power storage device and discharge it from the low-voltage power storage device. A retarder device, which is a rectifier circuit with a boosting function, which boosts DC power according to a boost control signal while converting it to AC power and supplies the AC power to a low-voltage winding.