JPH07307654A - Insulating/bidirectional insulating switch, insulating/ bidirectional insulating/three-terminal insulating/three-terminal bidirectional insulating/multi-terminal insulating/multi-terminal bidirectional insulating/multi-terminal switching type bidirectional insulating switching circuit, and ignition distribution circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an isolation function unconditionally. CONSTITUTION:Diodes 11 to 14 are connected to drains of a PMOS 1, an NMOS 2, a PMOS 3, and an NMOS 4 respectively to constitute first to fourth controllable unidirectional switches. Sources of the PMOS 1 and the NMOS 2 are connected, and third and fourth unidirectional switches and a DC power source 7 are connected in series in the same direction so that sources of the PMOS 3 and the NMOS 4 hold the DC power source 7 there between, thereby constituting a close circuit where the PMOS 1 and the NMOS 2 are turned off at the time of turning-on of third and fourth unidirectional switches. Simultaneously, a close circuit where the DC power source 7 charges a capacitor 10 is constituted, and a close circuit where the PMOS 1 and the NMOS 2 are biased forward at the time of turning-off of third and fourth unidirectional switches is constituted. Thus, the isolation insulating function is unconditionally provided independently of turning-on/off of the PMOS 1 and the NMOS 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to various insulated switches that can be insulated unconditionally when it is off,
Then, various insulation type switching circuits which can be completely driven without using isolation means such as light emitting and light receiving diode pairs, insulating means using a transformer or piezoelectric means, and one of them. The present invention relates to an ignition power distribution circuit that can select a predetermined ignition coil (ignition step-up transformer), that is, an ignition discharge gap on the secondary side thereof by using a certain bidirectional insulating switching circuit. The present invention can be applied to an analog switch (= analog gate), a digital switch (digital gate), or the like in addition to various insulating switching means. Of course, the two-terminal, three-terminal or multi-terminal bidirectional insulating switch or the bidirectional insulating switching circuit can be used as a two-terminal, three-terminal or multi-terminal AC switch.

Therefore, the present invention can also be used in the fields of power conversion devices, relays, wire communication, telephone call electronic exchanges, multiplexers, logic circuits, etc. in addition to two-terminal switches, three-terminal switches, and multi-terminal switches. . Besides, by using the bidirectional insulating switching circuit of the present invention, it is possible to easily change a predetermined inductance or capacitance in the circuit, change a resistance or a load, or the like. Therefore, there are various application fields, for example, a resonance type power conversion circuit that switches the resonance frequency for output current control, a resonance type switching power supply that switches the resonance frequency for output voltage control, and a plurality of ignition coils. The present invention is greatly useful for an ignition circuit with an electronic power distribution function capable of selecting at least one of the above, wired communication, and an electronic exchange for switching between communication means.

[0003]

[Background Technology] Fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram of a conventional conditional insulation type switch. The switch terminals st3 and st4 are provided with the condition that "when the transistor 2 is off, the potential of the switch terminal st3 or st4 does not reach the potential at which the forward voltage is applied to the diode 5 or the built-in diode of the transistor 2 when the transistor 2 is off". And input terminal it
3, it4 is insulated ”. However,
The anode-cathode capacitance of the diode 5 and the drain-source capacitance of the transistor 2 are ignored. Similarly, the same can be said for each of the bidirectional isolated switches shown in FIGS.

FIG. 6 shows a bidirectional isolated switching circuit in which the drive circuit is combined with the bidirectional isolated switch of FIG. 3 in the prior art of the present inventor. In this circuit, the capacitor forward biases both transistors 2, and the switch 8 is turned off when both are on. Therefore, unless a forward voltage is applied to the diode 9, the switch terminal st1
Further, there is the effect that the DC power supply 7 is insulated from each of st1 and st12. Of course, when both transistors 2 are off, they are isolated as described above, so
"Unless forward voltage is applied to the built-in diode of either transistor 2 and diode 9 at the same time", regardless of whether both transistors 2 are on or off,
Switch terminals st11, st12 and DC power supply 7
The effect of "is isolated" is in this bidirectional isolated switching circuit. However, the anode of the diode 9
The capacitance between the cathodes, the drain-source capacitance of each transistor 2, and the leakage current when each transistor 2 is turned on and off are neglected. Similarly, each insulating switching circuit in which the drive circuit section and each insulating switch shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5 are combined has the same effect.

[0005]

[First problem] However, as described above, FIG.
The insulation effect during the OFF period of each transistor 2 in each insulation type switch of FIG. 5 is conditional. Therefore, when the switching means (example: transistor 2) is off, each switch terminal and each input terminal (example: gate terminal, unconditionally)
It is desired that the source terminal) be insulated.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an isolation type switch which can unconditionally insulate each switch terminal from each input terminal when the switching means, which is a component thereof, is off. The purpose of 1.

[0007]

[Second problem] Also, the insulating effect in the circuit of FIG. 6 is conditional as described above. Therefore, it is desired that the switch terminals and the driving DC power supply be unconditionally insulated.

[0008]

A second object of the present invention is to provide an insulation type switching circuit capable of unconditionally insulating each switch terminal from a driving DC power supply by further developing the insulation type switch of the present invention. Is the second purpose. Further, it is a second object to provide various insulated switching circuits and ignition distribution circuits by utilizing this insulated switching circuit.

[0009]

That is, according to the present invention, the control terminal of the first switch, the main terminal is the control terminal C1, the main terminal M1a,
M1b, the control terminal C1 and the main terminal M1a form a pair for inputting the drive signal, and when the first switch is off, the control terminal C1 and the main terminal M1b are connected, and the main terminals M1a and Both M1b are non-conductive in both directions, and the control terminal and the main terminal of the second switch are the control terminals C
2, main terminals M2a and M2b, the control terminal C2 and the main terminal M2a form a pair for inputting the drive signal, and when the second switch is off, between the control terminal C2 and the main terminal M2b, Both the main terminals M2a and M2b are non-conductive in both directions, and the polarity opposite to the forward bias voltage polarity between the control terminal C1 and the main terminal M1a is the forward direction between the control terminal C2 and the main terminal M2a. When the bias voltage polarity is assumed, the main terminal M1a and the main terminal M2a
Is an insulation type switch in which the two main terminals M1b and M2b are connected as a two-terminal switch.

As a result, when the first and second switches are off, the main terminals M1b and M2b, which are both switch terminals, and the control terminal C1 or C2, which is an input terminal thereof, or the main terminals M1b and M2b. Each of the main terminals M1a or M2a can be insulated.
(The 1st effect)

The insulated switch is not a two-terminal switch in which the main terminal M1a or M2a is a switch terminal, and is not a three-terminal switch in which the main terminal M1a or M2a is a midpoint terminal. That is, the above-described first and second switches are simultaneously turned on and off. Further, the capacitance between the two main terminals of the first and second switches described above is ignored. Furthermore, in the case where the above-mentioned first or second switch is a switching means such as a thyristor or a triac that does not have a self-turn-off function (= self-extinguishing function), in order to turn off the insulated switch, It is necessary to set the flowing current to be equal to or less than the self-holding current, or to allow only the current to be equal to or less than the self-holding current from the beginning. Further, in the case of a triac, the forward bias voltage polarity between the gate terminal and the T1 terminal is both positive and negative, so it is possible that both the first and second switches described above are triacs.

In the case of the insulated switch according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, even if the first switching means in the same claim has no reverse blocking capability, the first switching means is in the off state when the first switching means is off. Since the first uncontrollable switch therein blocks conduction in the opposite direction, it is possible to use the first switching means without reverse blocking capability.

In the case of the insulated switch according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, even if the second switching means in the same claim does not have reverse blocking ability, the second switching means is in the off state when the second switching means is off. Since the second uncontrollable switch in the inside blocks conduction in the opposite direction, it is possible to use the second switching means without the reverse blocking ability.

In the case of an insulation type switching circuit according to claim 13 which is a further development of the present invention, when the third and fourth switches in the same claim are on, the first DC power source in the same claim. Supplies energy to the first energy storage means described in the same paragraph, and at the same time, the first switch is turned off. When the fifth and sixth switches in the same paragraph are on, the second DC power source in the same paragraph supplies energy to the second energy storage means in the above paragraph, and at the same time, The above-mentioned second switch is off-controlled. Furthermore, since the on / off control means described in the above paragraph simultaneously controls the on / off of the third to sixth switches,
The main terminals M1b and M2 described above serving as the switch terminals.
It is possible to insulate b from the first and second DC power supplies.

On the other hand, when the third to sixth switches are off, the first energy storage means forward biases the first switch by the released energy, and at the same time, the second energy storage means releases the released energy. Energy forward biases the second switch so that the first and second switches turn on. At this time, since the third to sixth switches are off, their respective switch terminals are insulated from the respective DC power supplies. As a result, it is possible to unconditionally insulate each of the switch terminals from each of the DC power supplies regardless of whether each of the first to sixth switches is on or off. (Second effect)

The capacitance between the main terminals of each of the first and second switches, the capacitance between the switch terminals of each of the third to sixth switches, and the first to sixth thereof.
Ignoring each leakage current when switching the switch.
When the first or second switch is a switching means such as a thyristor or a triac that does not have a self-turn-off function, the insulated current is turned off by the self-holding current. It is necessary to make the current lower than the current, or to make only the current lower than the self-holding current flow to the first and second switches from the beginning. Further, although each of the third to sixth switches is required to have a self-turn-off function, in the case of a switching means such as a thyristor or a triac which normally does not have a self-turn-off function, the current flowing through the switch is reduced. If it is kept below the holding current, it will have a self-turn-off function. In this case, since the forward bias voltage polarity between the gate terminal and the T1 terminal of the triac is both positive and negative, it is possible that all the above-mentioned third to sixth switches are triacs.

In the case of the insulation type switching circuit according to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, since the first switch is the normally-on type, the first energy storage means described above operates the first switch according to the emitted energy. Even if it is not forward biased, the first switch turns on when its driving voltage becomes almost zero. Therefore, the first
14. The energy storage means of claim 2 and the second and fifth aspects of claim 13.
Even if the closed circuit is omitted, and instead the first discharge means for discharging the electrostatic capacitance between the control terminal C1 and the main terminal M1a when the third and fourth switches are off is provided, it still functions. To do.

In the case of the insulating type switching circuit according to the present invention, since the second switch is a normally-on type, the above-mentioned second energy storage means operates the second switch according to its emitted energy. Even without forward biasing, this second switch turns on when its drive voltage is near zero. Therefore, the second
14. The energy storage means of claim 4, and the fourth and sixth aspects of claim 13.
Even if the second closed circuit is omitted and the second discharge means for discharging the electrostatic capacitance between the control terminal C2 and the main terminal M2a is provided instead when the fifth and sixth switches are off, it is still functional. To do.

In the case of the insulation type switching circuit according to the present invention, since the first and second switches are normally on type, both switches are turned on when each driving voltage becomes almost zero. To do. Therefore, in this case, there is no need for the first and second energy storage means unlike the insulated switching circuit according to the thirteenth aspect, so that the configuration is simplified and the number of parts is reduced.

In the case of the insulation type switching circuit according to the twenty-third aspect of the present invention, even when the third switching means in the same paragraph does not have the reverse blocking ability, the third switching means is in the off state. Since the third uncontrollable switch in the inside blocks conduction in the opposite direction, it is possible to use the third switching means without reverse blocking capability.

In the case of the insulation type switching circuit according to the twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, even if the fourth switching means described in the same paragraph does not have the reverse blocking capability, the fourth switching means when the fourth switching means is off. Since the fourth uncontrollable switch described blocks conduction in its reverse direction, it is possible to use the fourth switching means without reverse blocking capability.

[0022]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In order to describe the present invention in more detail, it will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiment of FIG. 1 corresponds to the insulated switch or the like according to claim 1, 3 or 6, and is bidirectional if neither of the diodes 11 and 12 is present, and is unidirectional if one of them is present. Each corresponds to each as follows. a) The triacs 101 and 102 are the first and second switches described above. b) Triac 101 gate terminal, T1 terminal, T2
The terminals are the control terminal C1 and the main terminals M1a and M1b described above. c) Triac 102 gate terminal, T1 terminal, T2
The terminals are the above-mentioned control terminal C2 and the main terminals M2a and M2b.

When the triacs 101 and 102 are off, both the gate terminal and the T2 terminal and the T1 terminal and the T2 terminal of each triac become non-conductive, so that the switch terminals st101 and st102 and the input terminal it10 are not connected.
Each of 1 and it 102 can be insulated unconditionally. (Effect) The capacitance between T1 and T2 is neglected. Moreover, when this insulating type switch is used as a unidirectional switch, the diode 11 or 12 is connected.

The embodiment of FIG. 7 corresponds to the insulation type switch or the like according to claim 1, 4 or 7 and is unidirectional. Each corresponds to each as follows. a) Transistors 1 and 2 are the above-mentioned first and second switching means. b) The diodes 11 and 12 are the above-mentioned first and second uncontrollable switches. c) The series circuit of the transistor 1 and the diode 11 serves as the above-mentioned first switch. d) The series circuit of the transistor 2 and the diode 12 serves as the above-mentioned second switch. e) The gate terminal, source terminal, and drain terminal of the transistor 1 are the above-mentioned control terminal ct1, main terminals mt1a, and mt.
To 1b. f) The gate terminal, source terminal, and drain terminal of the transistor 2 are the above-mentioned control terminal ct2, main terminals mt2a, and mt.
To 2b.

When the transistors 1 and 2 are off, the diode 11 blocks conduction of the built-in diode of the transistor 1 and the diode 12 blocks conduction of the built-in diode of the transistor 2, so that the switch terminals st1 and st2.
It is possible to unconditionally insulate each from each “gate terminal and each source terminal that become the input terminals it1, it2, and the like”.
(Effect) However, the drain-source capacitances of the transistors 1 and 2 and the anode-cathode capacitances of the diodes 11 and 12 are ignored.

FIGS. 8 to 23 show a sixteenth embodiment of a unidirectional or bidirectional insulating switch. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, since each IGBT is a reverse blocking type, each diode drawn by the dotted line is not necessary, but it may be provided. In the embodiment of FIG. 10, two normally-on type MOS FETs are used, and in the embodiment of FIG. 11, two junction type FETs are used. In each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, two different kinds of switching means are used. In the embodiment of FIG. 15, FIG.
Unlike the above embodiment, the trigger mode of the triac on the left side of the figure is different, and when this is used as a one-way isolated switch, each diode drawn with a dotted line is connected.

In each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, when the thyristor is off-controlled, it is not reverse-biased but is zero-biased. In the embodiment of FIG. 17, when the MOS FET is turned on, it is not forward biased but is zero biased. In the embodiment of FIG. 18, if there are one or two diodes drawn in the lower side of the figure, neither thyristor is reverse biased when it is off, and each normally-on type MOS.
The FET short-circuits the gate and source or the gate and anode of each thyristor. In the embodiment of FIG. 23, a plurality of diodes are connected, but this insulation type switch basically switches between each anode and each cathode.
It is a terminal switch.

Each embodiment of the bidirectional isolation type switch using the unidirectional isolation switch of FIG. 7 is shown in FIGS. The embodiment of FIG. 24 is the bidirectional isolated switch according to claim 8, the embodiment of FIG. 25 is the bidirectional isolated switch of claim 9, and the embodiment of FIG. Corresponds to each directional isolated switch. Figure 2
4 and FIG. 25 have the advantage that the capacitance between both switch terminals is smaller than that of the embodiment of FIG. Figure 2
A combination of different types of switching means is also possible, as in the seventh embodiment. Resistors, constant current means, voltage drop means or current limit means may be used in place of Zener diodes connected to each base. As a matter of course, these bidirectional insulating switches also have the same insulating effect as the circuit of FIG.

In each of the embodiments of FIGS. 28 to 30, instead of the four normally-off type three-terminal MOS FETs in the embodiment of FIG.
It is a bidirectional insulated switch using two terminal MOS-FETs. In a 4-terminal MOS FET, the back gate, the drain, and the source are normally non-conductive in the PN reverse direction between them, but if the substrate layer is thinned and the forward bias voltage is increased, the channel It is possible to reach the gate and conduct electricity.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 31 corresponds to the insulation type switching circuit described in claim 13, the embodiment shown in FIG. 32 corresponds to the insulation type switching circuit described in claim 17, and the embodiment shown in FIG. It corresponds to the insulation type switching circuit etc. of the item 17 or 18. In each embodiment, the four contacts form mechanical switching means that are mechanically turned on and off at the same time. In each embodiment, the two DC power supplies may be connected as shown by the dotted line, but in that case, the two contacts connected in parallel can be unified and integrated into one. Further, the common contact may be removed, but in that case, both DC power supplies connected in series can be commonized and integrated into one. Furthermore, the two capacitors of the embodiment of FIG. 31 can be made common and integrated into one. This is the embodiment of FIG.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 35 is defined by claim 16, 23 or 2.
It corresponds to the insulation type switching circuit etc. described in 5, and each corresponds to each as follows. a) The transistors 1 to 4 are the above-mentioned first to fourth switching means. b) The diodes 11 to 14 are the above-mentioned first to fourth uncontrollable switches. c) The DC power supply 7 is the above-mentioned DC power supply. d) The capacitor 10 serves as the aforementioned energy storage means. e) The series circuit of the transistor 1 and the diode 11 serves as the above-mentioned first switch. f) The series circuit of the transistor 2 and the diode 12 serves as the aforementioned second switch. g) The series circuit of the transistor 3 and the diode 13 serves as the third switch described above. h) The series circuit of the transistor 4 and the diode 14 serves as the aforementioned fourth switch. i) The gate terminal, the source terminal, and the drain terminal of the transistor 1 are the control terminal ct1 and the main terminal mt1 according to claim 4.
a to mt1b. j) The gate terminal, source terminal, and drain terminal of the transistor 2 are the control terminal ct2 and the main terminal mt2 according to claim 7.
a, mt2b. k) A gate terminal, a source terminal, and a drain terminal of the transistor 3 are the control terminal ct3 and the main terminal mt according to claim 23.
3a, mt3b.

L) A gate terminal, a source terminal and a drain terminal of the transistor 4 are control terminals ct according to claim 25.
4, to the main terminals mt4a, mt4b. m) DC power supply 7, transistor 3, diode 13, resistor 16, "parallel circuit of resistor 15 and capacitor 10",
"Zener diode 18 and parallel circuit of gate-source capacitance of transistor 1", "Zener diode 19 and parallel gate-source capacitance of transistor 2", diode 14 and transistor 4 are included. The closed circuit is the seventh and eighth common closed circuit according to claim 16. n) DC power supply 7, transistor 3, diode 13, resistor 16, capacitor 10, "zener diode 18"
And the parallel circuit of the gate-source capacitance of the transistor 1 "," Zener diode 19 and the parallel circuit of the gate-source capacitance of the transistor 2 ", diode 1
17. A ninth closed circuit according to claim 16, wherein the closed circuit including the transistor 4 and the transistor 4 is provided. o) Capacitor 10, resistor 17, “parallel circuit of Zener diode 19 and gate-source capacitance of transistor 2” and “parallel circuit of Zener diode 18 and gate-source capacitance of transistor 1” The 10th and 11th common closed circuit according to claim 16 including a closed circuit.

The operation of this circuit is as follows. When the transistors 3 and 4 are on, the transistors 1 and 2 are off-controlled and are off, and at the same time, the DC power supply 7 charges the capacitor 10. At this time, since the diode 11 blocks the conduction of the built-in diode of the transistor 1 and the diode 12 blocks the conduction of the built-in diode of the transistor 2, it is possible to unconditionally insulate the switch terminals st13 and st14 from the DC power supply 7. it can.
On the other hand, when the transistors 3 and 4 are off, the capacitor 1
Transistors 1, 2 are on because 0 forward biases transistors 1, 2. At this time, the transistor 3
The diode 13 blocks the conduction of the built-in diode of the
Therefore, the switch terminals st13 and st14 and the DC power supply 7 can be unconditionally insulated from each other.
(Remaining half of the effect)

As a result, the switch terminals st13, s are always unconditionally irrespective of whether the transistors 1 and 2 are on or off.
It is possible to insulate each t14 from the DC power supply 7.
(Effect) However, the drain-source capacitances of the transistors 1 to 4, the anode-cathode capacitances of the diodes 11 to 14, the transistors 1 to 4 and the diodes 11 to 1
Each leakage current when switching ON / OFF of 4 is ignored.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 36, since normally-on MOS FETs are used for the above-mentioned first and second switches, each ON resistance becomes large when the stored energy in the capacitor 10 disappears. This embodiment has the effect that the ON state can still be maintained. Similarly,
The normally-on SI for each of the first and second switches
In the embodiment of FIG. 39 described later using T, the first and second
All of the embodiments using normally-on switching means for each switch have the same effect.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 38, Darlington connection bipolar transistors are used for the first and second switches, and two coils are used for the energy storage means.

Since the equivalent circuit of the thyristor is used in the embodiment of FIG. 39, the forward bias current can be increased without waste. The same applies to the embodiment shown in FIG.

As in the drive circuit of the embodiment of FIG. 40, the capacitors 10 which are the first and second energy storage means separately forward bias the first and second switches, respectively. This is convenient when each forward bias current is different like the isolated switch of.

In the embodiment of FIG. 41, since the capacitor and the coil are used for the above-mentioned energy storage means, the coil makes up for the shortage even when the power supply voltage is small.

Each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 42 to 44 corresponds to the bidirectional insulating switching circuit according to the twenty-sixth aspect.
In the embodiment of FIG. 43, constant voltage means is provided at the capacitor 10 to speed up the charging. The embodiment shown in FIG. 45 corresponds to the bidirectional insulating switching circuit according to claim 30, and each coil 20 corresponds to the energy storage means described above. As a matter of course, the embodiments of these bidirectional insulation type switching circuits also have the same insulation effect as the embodiment of FIG.

Each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 46 and 47 corresponds to a three-terminal bidirectional insulating switching circuit according to a thirty-third aspect. The embodiment of FIG. 46 is a three-terminal bidirectional isolated switching circuit in which the two bidirectional switching circuits of FIG. 42 are connected in series at the switch terminals and the DC power supply 7 is shared. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 47, two bidirectional insulating switches shown in FIG. 26 and two bidirectional insulating switching circuits applying the drive circuit of FIG. 35 are connected in series at the switch terminals to make the DC power supply 7 common. It is a three-terminal bidirectional insulating switching circuit that is integrated into one.

The embodiments shown in FIGS. 48 and 49 are defined by claim 17.
Corresponding to the insulation type switching circuit described in 23 or 25, the embodiment of FIG. 50 is defined by claim 17, 18, 23 or 25.
Corresponding to the isolated switching circuit, etc., and
The embodiment of FIG. 51 corresponds to the insulation type switching circuit according to claim 17, 18, 23 or 25, the bidirectional insulation type switching circuit according to claim 26, and the like. Figure 50,
In each embodiment shown in FIG. 51, since the normally-on type is used for each of the first and second switches described above, there is an effect that the energy storage means is not required, the configuration is simple, and the number of parts is small.

The embodiment of FIG. 52 is a conditional isolation type switching circuit using the isolation type switch of FIG. 7. However, since the charge pump constantly replenishes forward bias energy at the time of ON control, it is normally off. MOS / FE
There is no limit to the ON period even if T is used.

Finally, the following will be supplemented. a) Various insulated switches shown in FIGS. 1 and 7 to 30, and FIG.
1 to 51, various insulated switching circuits,
As the above-mentioned first or second switch, instead of the switch used, any controllable switching means can be used regardless of normally-on or normally-off if the ON / OFF control conditions are the same. b) In the various insulated switching circuits of FIGS. 31 to 51, if the ON / OFF control conditions are the same as the above-mentioned third, fourth, fifth or sixth switch, the normally- Any switching means that can be turned on and off regardless of whether it is on or normally off can be used.

C) Any one of the insulated switches shown in FIGS. 1 and 7 to 30 and the insulated switch section in the insulated switching circuits shown in FIGS. 31 to 51. Embodiments of various insulation type switching circuits in which any one or two of the driving circuit units in the various insulation switching circuits are combined are also possible. The configuration of each drive circuit unit is slightly different, but basically the same idea. d) Any one of the unidirectional insulating switches of FIGS. 1 and 7 to 23 is replaced with one of FIGS. 31 to 41 and FIGS. 48 to 5.
Insulation type switching circuit of 0, one of which is unidirectional, is connected in anti-parallel, and both of the above-mentioned main terminals M1a,
A bidirectional isolated switching circuit is also possible, in which the former and latter control terminals having a positive forward bias voltage polarity are connected to each other, and the former and latter control terminals having a negative forward bias voltage polarity are connected to each other. . (Claim 2
Compatible with the bidirectional isolated switching circuit described in 6. )

E) Insulation type switching circuits of FIGS. 31 to 41 and FIGS. 48 to 50, and any one of the same insulation type switching circuits obtained by the combination described in the item a) is connected to a bridge connection type rectification circuit. A bidirectional isolated switching circuit connected between both output terminals is also possible. (Claim 2
Compatible with the bidirectional insulation type switching circuit described in 7. ) F) One of the insulation type switching circuits of FIGS. 31 to 41 and 48 to 50 which is unidirectional, and the same insulation type switching circuit obtained by the combination described in the paragraph a) which is one direction. Two (two same or different)
It is also possible to use a bidirectional isolated switching circuit in which the two are connected in antiparallel. (Corresponding to the bidirectional insulating switching circuit according to claim 30.)

G) One-way isolated switching circuits of FIGS. 31 to 41 and 48 to 50, and one-way isolated switching circuits similar to the combination described in a). Any two (the same two or different two may be used) connected in series in the same direction, inward, or outward at the switch terminals 3
A terminal isolated switching circuit is also possible. (Claim 3
Compatible with the 3-terminal isolated switching circuit described in 1. ) H) Any one of the insulation type switching circuits of FIGS. 31 to 41 and FIGS. 48 to 50 which is unidirectional, and the same insulation type switching circuit obtained by the combination described in the paragraph a) which is unidirectional. 3 terminals in which any one of the bidirectional isolated switching circuits of FIGS. 41 to 45 and 51, and the similar bidirectional isolated switching circuit obtained by the above combination is connected in series at the switch terminal. Isolated switching circuits are also possible. (Corresponding to the 3-terminal insulated switching circuit according to claim 32.)

I) Any two of the bidirectional isolated switching circuits of FIGS. 41 to 45 and 51, and the similar bidirectional isolated switching circuit obtained by the above combination (the same two or two different ones). A three-terminal bidirectional isolated switching circuit is also possible. (Corresponds to the three-terminal bidirectional insulating switching circuit according to claim 33.) j) "One-way insulating switching circuit of FIGS. 31 to 41 and 48 to 50, described in a). One of unidirectional insulated switching circuits similar to those obtained by the above combinations "and" Figs. 31 to 41 and 48 to
One-way isolation switching circuit of FIG. 50,
Any one unidirectional insulating switching circuit similar to the one obtained by the combination described in the item a) is connected, and further, "FIGS.
~ One-way isolated switching circuit of Fig. 50,
It is also possible to use a multi-terminal insulated switching circuit in which a similar unidirectional switching circuit is obtained by the combination described in the item a) and one of the unidirectional ones is connected, and a predetermined number of such connected switching portions are similarly connected. is there. (Corresponding to the multi-terminal insulated switching circuit according to claim 34.)

K) "Any one of the bidirectional isolated switching circuits shown in FIGS. 41 to 45 and 51, and the similar bidirectional isolated switching circuit obtained by the above combination.
"And any one of the bidirectional isolated switching circuits of FIGS. 41 to 45 and 51, and the similar bidirectional isolated switching circuit obtained by the above-mentioned combination", and further connecting them. "Figures 41-45, 51
, Or any one of the same bidirectional isolated switching circuits obtained by the above-mentioned combination ”, and similarly connected to a predetermined number of such multi-terminal bidirectional isolated circuits. Mold switching circuits are also possible. (Corresponding to the multi-terminal bidirectional isolated switching circuit according to claim 35.)

L) a plurality of circuit constituent means (eg active elements,
Passive element. ) Or circuit (eg: wire communication means, wire communication means, amplifier) or load (eg: AC motor, speaker, etc.), a multi-terminal changeover switch such as a rotary switch is required when switching connection. However, if a predetermined number of series circuits in which the bidirectional isolated switching circuit of the present invention and the circuit constituent means, circuits or loads to be switched are connected in series are connected in parallel, a multi-terminal switched bidirectional isolated circuit is provided. Type switching circuit. (Claim 3
Compatible with 6 multi-terminal switching type bidirectional insulating switching circuits. ) M) If a predetermined number of series circuits in which the primary coil of the ignition coil, in which the ignition discharge gap is connected to the secondary coil thereof, and the bidirectional isolated switching circuit of the present invention are connected in series are connected in parallel, the ignition power distribution can be achieved. A circuit is created. (Corresponding to the ignition distribution circuit of claim 37.)

N) Each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 31 to 46 and 48 to 52 has a shielding effect. When each DC power supply 7 is fixed to a constant potential (for example, ground), the potentials of the main terminals M1a and M2a or the control terminals C1 and C2 are also fixed when the first and second switches are off. Therefore, the two switch terminals are shielded.

O) As a field of application of the bidirectional insulating switching circuit of the present invention, there is line switching means for switching connections between lines in an electronic exchange. For example, a certain number of conductors are arranged vertically (or diagonally) when viewed from above, and another prescribed number of conductors are arranged horizontally (obliquely or obliquely) when viewed from above so that they do not contact each other. The vicinity of each intersection where the vertical and horizontal conductors intersect when viewed from above is connected one by one by the bidirectional insulating switching circuit of the present invention. If a bidirectional isolated switching circuit with a shield function is used, it is possible to prevent leakage of communications and calls.

P) In each of the embodiments or each of the derived embodiments derived from the embodiments, the semiconductor switches as the constituent elements are replaced one by one with the complementary semiconductor switches, and the direction of each directional circuit constituent means is changed. It is of course possible to have an embodiment in which the voltage polarity is reversed with respect to the original circuit. q) An insulated switching circuit of the present invention is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-32.
No. 758, JP-A-2-146955, and Japanese Patent Application No. 5-24.
Insulated power supply means used for each insulated switch in each insulated power supply means disclosed in 7638 is also possible.

[0054]

[Prior Art] No. 10 of JP-A-2-299474
Fig. 11, Fig. 10, Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 of JP-A-3-56073, JP-A-3-80691, and JP-A 5-2.
26998, JP-A-5-268037, JP-A-5-304453-4, and Japanese Patent Application No. 5-227756.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of an insulation type switch.

2 to 5 are circuit diagrams each showing one example of various conventional insulated switches.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a conventional bidirectional insulating switching circuit.

7 to 30 are circuit diagrams each showing one embodiment of various insulated switches.

31 to 41 are circuit diagrams each showing one embodiment of an insulation type switching circuit.

42 to 45 are circuit diagrams each showing one embodiment of the bidirectional insulating switching circuit.

46 to 47 are circuit diagrams each showing one embodiment of a three-terminal bidirectional insulating switching circuit.

48 to 50 are circuit diagrams each showing one embodiment of an insulation type switching circuit.

FIG. 51 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a bidirectional isolated switching circuit.

FIG. 52 is a circuit diagram showing an example of an insulation type switching circuit using one embodiment of the insulation type switch.

[Explanation of code]

st101, st102, st1 to st14 switch terminals it101 to it102, it1 to it12 input terminals 21, 22 IGBT 23 oscillator

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical indication location H01L 29/78 H02M 1/08 A H03K 17/60 17/68 9184-5J 17/725 A 9383- 5J 9184-5J H03K 17/60 A (54) [Title of Invention] Insulation type switch, bidirectional insulation type switch, insulation type switching circuit, bidirectional insulation type switching circuit, 3 terminal insulation type switching circuit, 3 Terminal bidirectional isolated switching circuit, multi-terminal isolated switching circuit, multi-terminal bidirectional isolated switching circuit, multi-terminal switched bidirectional isolated switching circuit, and ignition distribution circuit

Claims (37)

[Claims] 1. A control terminal and a main terminal of a first switch are a control terminal C1, main terminals M1a and M1b, and the control terminal C1 and the main terminal M1a form a pair for inputting a drive signal thereof. When the switch of No. 1 is off, the control terminal C1
-Between the main terminals M1b and both the main terminals M1a and M1b are non-conductive in both directions, and the control terminal and the main terminal of the second switch are the control terminal C2 and the main terminals M2a and M2b, and the drive signal thereof. When the control terminal C2 and the main terminal M2a are paired for input and the second switch is off, both the control terminal C2 and the main terminal M2b and both the main terminals M2a and M2b are bidirectional. And the polarity opposite to the forward bias voltage polarity between the control terminal C1 and the main terminal M1a is the forward bias voltage polarity between the control terminal C2 and the main terminal M2a. The terminal M1a and the main terminal M2a are connected to each other, and the both main terminals M1
An insulated switch characterized by using between b and M2b as a two-terminal switch. 2. The insulated switch according to claim 1, wherein a reverse blocking 3-terminal thyristor, a reverse blocking IGBT or a reverse blocking switching means is used as the first switch. 3. The isolated switch according to claim 1, wherein a triac is used as the first switch. 4. A control terminal and a main terminal of the first switching means are a control terminal ct1, main terminals mt1a and mt1b,
When the control terminal ct1 and the main terminal mt1a form a pair for inputting the drive signal, the main terminal mt1b
A one-way controllable switch in which a first uncontrollable switch is connected to is used as the first switch, the control terminal ct1 is the control terminal C1, the main terminal mt1a is the main terminal M1a, and The insulated switch according to claim 1, wherein an open terminal of the first uncontrollable switch is the main terminal M1b. 5. A reverse blocking 3-terminal thyristor, a reverse blocking IGBT or a reverse blocking switching means is used as the second switch.
Insulated switch described. 6. The insulation type switch according to claim 1, wherein a triac is used as the second switch. 7. A control terminal and a main terminal of the second switching means are a control terminal ct2, main terminals mt2a and mt2b,
When the control terminal ct2 and the main terminal mt2a form a pair for inputting the drive signal, the main terminal mt2b
A one-way controllable switch in which a second uncontrollable switch is connected to is used as the second switch, the control terminal ct2 is the control terminal C2, the main terminal mt2a is the main terminal M2a, and 5. The insulated switch according to claim 1, wherein the open terminal of the second uncontrollable switch is the main terminal M2b. 8. The unidirectional insulated switch according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and the unidirectional insulated switch according to any one of claims 1 to 7. A bidirectional isolated switch characterized by being connected in antiparallel. 9. The two main terminals M1a are connected to each other, the former and latter control terminals having a positive forward bias voltage polarity are connected, and the former and latter control terminals having a negative forward bias voltage polarity are connected to each other. The bidirectional insulating switch according to claim 8, wherein 10. The isolated switch according to claim 1, wherein a bridge connection type rectifier circuit is constituted by four uncontrollable switches with the main terminals M1b and M2b as both output terminals. A bidirectional insulated switch characterized by the above. 11. The insulated switch according to claim 4, wherein the main terminals mt1b and M2b are used as both output terminals of the first uncontrollable switch and three uncontrollable switches to be added later to form a bridge connection. Type rectifier circuit is configured bidirectional isolation switch. 12. The isolated switch according to claim 4, wherein the main terminals mt1b and mt2b are used as output terminals of the first and second non-controllable switches and two non-controllable switches which are added later. A bidirectional isolated switch characterized in that a bridge connection type rectifier circuit is configured with control switches. 13. The insulated switch according to claim 1, wherein when both are turned off, the two switch terminals are non-conductive in both directions and can be turned on and off. ~ There is a sixth switch, and the third, fourth
Switch is connected in series so as to sandwich the first DC power supply, the fifth and sixth switches are connected in series so as to sandwich the second DC power supply, and the third and fourth switches are connected. The first switch is controlled to be off when the first switch is on.
A closed circuit is formed, and at the same time, the first DC power supply forms a second closed circuit for supplying energy to the first energy storage means, and the second and fifth switches are turned on. Forming a third closed circuit whose switch is off-controlled, and at the same time forming a fourth closed circuit for supplying energy to the second energy storage means by the second DC power source, When the switch is off, the first energy storage means forms a fifth closed circuit for controlling the on-state of the first switch by the emitted energy, and when the fifth and sixth switches are off, the fifth closed circuit is formed. The second energy storage means forms a sixth closed circuit for turning on the second switch by the released energy, and the third to third
An insulating type switching circuit comprising an on / off control means for simultaneously controlling on / off of a sixth switch. 14. The insulated switching circuit according to claim 13, wherein the power supply terminals of both the DC power supplies that are in a connected state when the third to sixth switches are on are connected to each other. 15. Any two of the switches connected in parallel are the fourth and fifth switches, and the fourth and fifth switches are provided.
15. The isolated switching circuit according to claim 14, wherein the fifth switch is removed and both the DC power supplies are integrated into one. 16. A seventh closed circuit in which the first and second energy storage means are united and the first switch is controlled to be off when the third and sixth switches are on. At the same time, an eighth closed circuit in which the second switch is controlled to be turned off is formed, and at the same time, a ninth closed circuit in which the DC power source supplies energy to the energy storage means is formed. Forming a tenth closed circuit for controlling the first switch to be turned on by the energy released when the switch of No. 6 is off;
At the same time, the energy storage means re-forms an eleventh closed circuit for controlling the second switch to be turned on by the emitted energy, and the isolated switching circuit according to claim 15. 17. A normally-on type switch is used for the first switch, and the first energy storage means and the second,
The fifth closed circuit is omitted, and instead, when the third and fourth switches are off, the control terminal C1 and the main terminal M1a
14. The insulated switching circuit according to claim 13, further comprising first discharging means for discharging the electrostatic capacitance between them. 18. A normally-on type switch is used for the second switch, and the second energy storage means and the fourth,
The sixth closed circuit is omitted, and instead, when the fifth and sixth switches are off, the control terminal C2 and the main terminal M2a
18. The insulated switching circuit according to claim 13 or 17, further comprising a second discharging means for discharging a capacitance between them. 19. The insulated switching circuit according to claim 17, wherein the power supply terminals of both the DC power supplies that are in a connected state when the third to sixth switches are on are connected to each other. 20. Any two of the switches connected in parallel are referred to as the fourth and fifth switches.
20. The isolated switching circuit according to claim 19, wherein the fifth switch is removed and both of the DC power supplies are combined into one. 21. A controllable switch having a self-turn-off function is used for each of the third and sixth switches, and the former control terminal and main terminal are control terminal C3 and main terminal M.
3a and M3b, the control terminal C3 and the main terminal M3a are paired for inputting the former drive signal, and the latter control terminal and main terminal are the control terminal C6 and the main terminals M6a and M6b, respectively, and the latter drive When the control terminal C6 and the main terminal M6a form a pair for signal input, both the main terminals M3
The DC power supply should come between a and M6a, and the on /
The off control means controls the third switch and the sixth switch through the control terminal C3 and the control terminal C6, respectively.
The insulated switching circuit described in 0. 22. A reverse blocking GT as the third switch
22. The insulation type switching circuit according to claim 21, wherein an O thyristor, a reverse blocking type IGBT or a reverse blocking type switching means is used. 23. A control terminal and a main terminal of a third switching means having a self-turn-off function are a control terminal ct3, main terminals mt3a and mt3b, and the control terminal ct3 and the main terminal mt3a are used for inputting a drive signal thereof. , A one-way controllable switch in which a third non-controllable switch is connected to the main terminal mt3b is used as the third switch, and the control terminal ct3 is the control terminal C.
3, the main terminal mt3a is the main terminal M3a, and the open terminal of the third uncontrollable switch is the main terminal M3b.
22. The isolated switching circuit according to claim 21, wherein: 24. A reverse blocking GT as the sixth switch
24. The insulation type switching circuit according to claim 21, 22 or 23, wherein an O thyristor, a reverse blocking type IGBT or a reverse blocking type switching means is used. 25. A control terminal and a main terminal of a fourth switching means having a self-turn-off function are a control terminal ct4, main terminals mt4a and mt4b, and the control terminal ct4 and the main terminal mt4a are used for inputting a drive signal thereof. , A one-way controllable switch in which a fourth non-controllable switch is connected to the main terminal mt4b is used as the sixth switch, and the control terminal ct4 is the control terminal C.
6, the main terminal mt4a is the main terminal M6a, and the open terminal of the fourth uncontrollable switch is the main terminal M6b.
24. The isolated switching circuit according to claim 21, 22, or 23. 26. The insulated switch according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is unidirectional, and the insulated switching circuit according to any one of claims 13 to 25 is unidirectional. And the control terminals of the former and the latter of which the forward bias voltage polarity is positive, and the former and the control terminals of the latter of which the forward bias voltage polarity is negative, respectively. A bidirectional isolated switching circuit characterized by the above. 27. The insulated switching circuit according to claim 13, wherein the main terminals M1 are both connected to each other.
A bidirectional isolated switching circuit, characterized in that a bridge connection type rectifying circuit is constituted by four uncontrollable switches with both output terminals b and M2b. 28. The insulation type switching circuit according to claim 13, wherein the insulation type switch according to claim 4 is used, wherein the main terminals mt1b and M2b are used as both output terminals of the insulation type switching circuit. A bidirectional isolated switching circuit, characterized in that a bridge connection type rectifier circuit is constituted by one uncontrollable switch and three uncontrollable switches added later. 29. The insulated switching circuit according to any one of claims 13 to 25, wherein the insulated switch according to claim 4 or 7 is used.
A bidirectional isolated switching circuit, characterized in that a bridge connection type rectifying circuit is constituted by the first and second non-controllable switches and two non-controllable switches to be added later with t2b as both output terminals thereof. . 30. The insulated switching circuit according to claim 13, which is unidirectional.
32. A bidirectional insulating switching circuit according to any one of 3 to 25, wherein the unidirectional insulating switching circuit is connected in antiparallel. 31. The insulated switching circuit according to claim 13, which is one-directional.
The insulation type switching circuit according to any one of 3 to 25, wherein unidirectional ones are serially connected in the same direction, inward, or outward, which is a three-terminal insulation type switching circuit. circuit. 32. A unidirectional insulated switching circuit according to any one of claims 13 to 25 and a bidirectional insulated switching circuit according to any one of claims 13 to 25. A three-terminal insulation type switching circuit, wherein the two-way insulation type switching circuit according to any one of claims 26 to 30 is connected in series. 33. An insulation type switching circuit according to any one of claims 13 to 25 which is bidirectional or a bidirectional insulation type switching circuit according to any one of claims 26 to 30. The insulation type switching circuit according to any one of claims 13 to 25 is bidirectional or the bidirectional insulation type switching circuit according to any one of claims 26 to 30 is connected in series. A 3-terminal bidirectional isolated switching circuit characterized by: 34. The insulated switching circuit according to claim 13, which is unidirectional.
The insulation type switching circuit according to any one of claims 3 to 25 is connected to a unidirectional one, and the connection part is connected with the insulation type switching circuit according to any one of claims 13 to 25. A multi-terminal isolated switching circuit characterized in that a directional one is connected, and a predetermined number of such connections are similarly connected. 35. An insulation type switching circuit according to any one of claims 13 to 25, which is bidirectional, or a bidirectional insulation type switching circuit according to any one of claims 26 to 30. A bidirectional insulation type switching circuit according to any one of claims 13 to 25 or a bidirectional isolation switching circuit according to any one of claims 26 to 30 is connected, At the connection point, the insulating type switching circuit according to any one of claims 13 to 25 is bidirectional or the bidirectional insulating type switching circuit according to any one of claims 26 to 30 is used. A multi-terminal bidirectional insulation type switching circuit, which is connected and similarly connected to a predetermined number of connection points. 36. A circuit constituent means, a circuit or a load to be switched and an insulating type switching circuit according to any one of claims 13 to 25, which is bidirectional or claim 2.
31. A multi-terminal switching type bidirectional insulating switching circuit, wherein a predetermined number of series circuits in which the bidirectional insulating switching circuits according to any one of 6 to 30 are connected in series are connected in parallel. 37. A primary coil of an ignition coil in which an ignition discharge gap is connected to the secondary coil thereof, and the insulated switching circuit according to any one of claims 13 to 25, which is a bidirectional type or a insulated switching circuit. 26. An ignition power distribution circuit comprising a predetermined number of series circuits in which the bidirectional isolated switching circuits according to any one of items 26 to 30 are connected in series.