JPH07304353A - Feeding voltage controller for railway substation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To suppress the peak electric power quantity at each substation by determining the feeding charge at each substation through the calculation for optimizing the evaluation function and the range for satisfying the restraint condition, by an optimum feeding charge determining means on the basis of the result of a train situation grasping means and setting the sent-out voltage value to a rectifying device at each substation, on the basis of the determination. CONSTITUTION:The on-line situation and the operation state of a power running train and a regenerative train in a railway road line managed by an objective substation are grasped by a train situation grasping means 2. On the basis of the judgement of the train situation grasping means 2, the feeding charge of each substation is determined by an optimum feeding charge determining means 6 by carrying out the optimization calculation for the feeding charge at each substation for optimizing the evaluation function set by an evaluation function setting means 5 and the range for satisfying the restraint condition which is set by a restraint condition setting means 4. On the basis of the determined optimum feeding charge at each station, the sent-out voltage value is set in a rectifying device 27 in the substation by a sent-out voltage setting means 7 in each substation. Accordingly, the peak electric power at each substation is reduced, and the electric power regeneration can be utilized effectively.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a railway substation feeding voltage control device for controlling feeding voltage of each substation in an electric railway feeding system having a plurality of substations and performing parallel feeding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in a DC electrification section, a parallel feeding method is adopted in which electricity is fed in parallel between adjacent substations 20a and 20b as shown in FIG.

As operating power, generally, high-voltage AC power is purchased, and rectifiers 27a, 2 in the substations 20a, 20b are purchased.
After being rectified into a direct current using 7b, it is fed to a train line. It is usual that a feeder line 21 is provided in parallel with the trolley wire 22 on the train track. The trolley wire 22 and the electric wire 21 are connected in parallel by a feeder branch wire 23. Train 50
Obtains electricity from the trolley wire 22 via a current collector, for example, a pantograph 51, and drives an electric car. After that, the electric power is returned to the substations 20a and 20b via a return line such as the rail 30. Also, the trolley wire 22 can be divided at the section 25. High speed circuit breakers 26a, 26b and the like are installed as protective devices in the substations 20a, 20b.

In recent trains, an electric power regenerative brake is adopted for the purpose of saving energy. The flow of electricity due to this power regeneration is shown in FIG. The electric power regenerative brake converts the energy generated when the train 50a brakes to electric power and regenerates it, and effectively uses it as the power running electric power of the other train 50b (Fig. 7, electric power flow 42).
The electric power regeneration equipment is provided in the substation 20 and is effectively used as electric power for the station equipment (see FIG. 7, electric power flow 43).

The location of the substation and the capacities of various facilities are determined according to transportation plans, routes, vehicle performance, and the like. The feeding voltage of each substation is usually operated in a fixed value range in common. However, there are differences in the operating schedule depending on the time zone, and during the dense schedule time, a chronic train delay due to customer treatment is likely to occur, which causes a train dumpling and loads on a substation. However, there were problems that the notch limit of trains was inadvertently imposed and that some equipment capacity had to be oversized in anticipation of such a situation.

Further, in the high-density line, the feeding voltage and the pantopoint voltage decrease as the load increases, which may hinder the punctuality of the train. Therefore, the set voltage value may be set higher than the required value.

Furthermore, even if an attempt is made to regenerate electric power, if regenerative invalidation or suppression occurs, not only effective use of regenerative electric power cannot be achieved, but also if an electric power regenerative inverter device is installed, its effect cannot be sufficiently exerted. Problems also arise.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and suppresses the peak amount of electric power of each substation to suppress the installed capacity as well as utilize the electric power regeneration as effectively as possible to reduce the running cost. It is an object of the present invention to provide a railway substation feeding voltage control device that enables suppression.

[0009]

A first aspect of a railway substation feeding voltage control device according to the present invention is a power railway car or regenerative system in an electric railway feeding system having a plurality of substations and performing parallel feeding. Train status grasping means for grasping the on-rail situation and operation status of vehicles, constraint condition setting means for setting constraint conditions, evaluation function setting means for setting evaluation function, and distribution of distribution voltage of each substation, Under the constraint conditions, an optimal power distribution determining unit that determines the power distribution of each substation that optimizes the evaluation function, and based on the power distribution determined by the optimum power distribution determining unit, And a sending voltage setting means for setting the sending voltage value of the substation to the rectifier of the substation.

A second aspect of the railway substation feeding voltage control device according to the present invention is the above first aspect, in which the current train operation status obtained by the train status grasping means is checked against a plan diagram, An electric power load predicting means for predicting an electric power load after a unit time in consideration of the actual operation status of the train, and an electric power load obtained by the electric power load predicting means when determining the distribution of electric power to the substation. It is characterized in that the power distribution is determined based on the predicted value.

Further, a third aspect of the railway substation feeding voltage control device according to the present invention is the electric power amount recording means for recording the electric power used in each substation and the electric energy recording means in the second aspect. And a learning unit that learns the characteristic of the transition of the power consumption amount by using the recorded past power consumption amount of each substation and sends the characteristic to the power amount prediction unit.

[0012]

According to the first aspect of the railway substation feeding voltage control device of the present invention configured as described above, first, in the train status grasping means, the railway substation under the jurisdiction of the target substation is controlled. The distribution, type, and position of power trains, that is, trains that become electric loads, and regenerative cars, that is, trains that supply power to substations or other power cars are known. Next, based on the distribution, type, and position of the trains, the power distribution of each substation is set by the optimum power distribution determining means within the range satisfying the constraint conditions set by the constraint condition setting means and by the evaluation function setting means. The substation power distribution that optimizes the evaluated function is determined by the optimization calculation. Then, based on the optimal distribution of power distribution to each substation determined as a result, the output voltage value is set in the rectifier of the substation by the substation output voltage setting means.

As a result, it becomes possible to adjust the power supply sharing of each substation in real time by comprehensively considering all the substations, suppressing the peak power amount of each substation, suppressing the installed capacity, and reducing the power consumption. Regeneration can be used as effectively as possible and running costs can be suppressed.

Here, if the power load predicting means of the second aspect is used, the substation considering not only the distribution of trains at the time of calculation but also the operation state of the train up to a certain time after using the operation timetable or the like. It becomes possible to determine the distribution of power for each place.

Further, in the case of the third mode, it is possible to know the characteristics of the transition of the power consumption amount by using the past power consumption amount of each substation stored by the substation power amount recording means,
This characteristic can be used to improve the accuracy of the power load prediction performed by the power load prediction means.

[0016]

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a first embodiment of a railway substation feeding voltage control device (hereinafter, simply referred to as a control device) according to the present invention. The control device of this embodiment includes a train condition grasping unit 2, a constraint condition setting unit 4, an evaluation function setting unit 5,
It is provided with an optimum feeder allocation determining means 6 and a sending voltage setting means 7, and is used in the electric railway feeding system shown in FIG. The electric railway feeding system shown in FIG. 4 is intended for an electric railway having multiple lines, that is, an up line and a down line, and performs parallel _feeding from _n substations SS ₁ , ... SS _n . If the feeding section between the k-th substation SS _k and the k + 1-th substation SS _{k + 1} is called a k section, in FIG. 4, one train 50a in the down line in the k-1 section, This shows that two trains, one train 50c, are on the up line, and one train 50b is on the down line in the k section.

Returning to FIG. 1 again, the train status grasping means 2 grasps the on-rail status and the operating status of the power train and the regenerative car. The position of each train is detected by the track circuit, etc., and transmitted along with the train name through the operation management system. At this time, it is better if the traveling speed of the train is also transmitted. With the train status grasping means 2, it is possible to know the distribution, type, and position of the powering vehicles and regenerative vehicles within the railway line under the control of the target substation.

The constraint condition setting means 4 is used for the optimization calculation performed in the optimum power distribution determining means 6 and sets the constraint condition.

The evaluation function setting means 5 sets the evaluation function used in the optimization calculation performed in the optimum power distribution determining means 6.

The optimum power distribution determining means 6 is based on the distribution, type and position of trains under the constraint conditions set above.
The optimal distribution of power supply at each substation for stopping the set evaluation function is determined.

The sending voltage setting means 7 sets the sending voltage value to the rectifier 27 of each substation on the basis of the determined optimum power distribution.

Next, the formulation of the substation optimum power distribution problem, which is performed by the optimum power distribution determination means 6, will be described. The symbols used in the following formulation have the following meanings (see FIG. 5).

(Explanation of Symbols) k: Identification index for substation or feeding section.

(K = 1, 2, ..., N) The section between (k-1) -k substation is the k feeding section.

E _Ok : k substation no-load voltage [V] R _SSk : k substation equivalent DC resistance [Ω] I _SSk : k substation current [A] E _SSk : k substation delivery voltage [V] r _Sk : Resistance to overhead line of k substation [Ω] I _{fk, a} : Electric current for each k substation direction (a = 1, 2, 3, 4) [A] ntk1: Number of trains in the down section of k section [unit] ntk2 : K section inbound train in-vehicle [units] E _{Pk, d, j} : k section train D _{d, j} pantopoint voltage [V] d = 1 indicates downhill, d = 2 indicates uphill.

J = 1, 2, ..., Ntk1 (when d = 1) j = 1, 2, ..., ntk2 (when d = 2) I _{Pk, d, j} : k section train D _{d, j} load Current [A] d = 1 indicates down, and d = 2 indicates up.

J = 1, 2, ..., Ntk1 (when d = 1) j = 1, 2, ..., Ntk2 (when d = 2) r _{1k, d, j} : k section overhead line resistance [Ω] j = 1, 2, ..., Ntk1 + 1 (when d = 1) j = 1, 2, ..., ntk2 + 1 (when d = 2) I _{1k, d, j} : k section overhead wire current [A] j = 1, 2 , ..., ntk1 + 1 (when d = 1) j = 1, 2, ..., Ntk2 + 1 (when d = 2) (decision constant) The following are decision variables.

_Transmission voltage E _SSk [V] of substation k (k = 1, 2, ..., nk) Substation k equivalent DC resistance R _SSk [Ω] Substation k current I _SSk [A] Substation k direction _Feeding current I _{fk, a} (a = 1, 2, 3, 4) [A] k section train D _{d, j} Panto point voltage E _{Pk, d, j} [V] d = 1 indicates down, d = 2 indicates going up.

J = 1, 2, ..., Ntk1 (when d = 1) j = 1, 2, ..., Ntk2 (when d = 2) k section overhead wire current I _{1k, d, j} [A] d = 1 indicates downlink, and d = 2 indicates uplink.

J = 1, 2, ..., Ntk1 + 1 (when d = 1) j = 1, 2, ..., Ntk2 + 1 (when d = 2) (known variables) The known variables are as follows.

K section down train position, number of existing trains [m] [units] k section up train position, number of existing trains [m] [units] load current I _{Pk, d, j} [A] of k section train D _{d, j} d = 1 indicates downlink, and d = 2 indicates uplink.

J = 1, 2, ..., Ntk1 (in the case of d = 1) j = 1, 2, ..., Ntk2 (in the case of d = 2) (For the standard feeding voltage, the boarding rate is considered. , Vehicle characteristics (speed-load current) are used for determination.) (Evaluation function) Evaluation function J is

[0033]

[Equation 1] Is represented. However, P _k : integrated electric energy per unit time of the substation k [kWh] (30 minutes is selected here as the unit time.) P _k = E _SSk · I _SSk (0 ′) , There are inequality constraints and equality constraints.

(Constraint conditions) a) Inequality constraint conditions (1) Substation sending voltage range Facility constraint This is a constraint on the rectifier rating. That is, E _SSkSmin ≤ E _SSk ≤ E _SSkSmax , k = 1, 2, ..., n (1) However, E _SSkSmin : Minimum settable sending voltage of substation k [V] E _SSkSmax : Sending voltage of substation k It is the maximum value [V] that can be set.

(2) Restriction on operating range of transmission voltage of substation This is a restriction set by the operation side in order to reduce regenerative invalidation and prevent power failure. That is, E _SSkUmin ≤ E _SSk ≤ E _SSkUmax , k = 1, 2, ..., n (2) where, E _SSkUmin : minimum output voltage of substation k [V] E _SSkUmax : substation voltage of substation k It is the operation maximum value [V].

(3) Restriction on Sending Voltage Difference between Adjacent Substations This is set when it is not desired to make much difference in the sending voltages between adjacent substations. That is, | E _SSk −E _SSk-1 | ≦ εE _k-1 , k = 2, 3, ..., N (3) where, εE _k−1 : (k−1) −k Substation feed voltage The threshold value [V].

(4) Panto Point Voltage Constraint A margin allowance is set for each train so as not to interfere with actual powering. That is, E _{Pk, d, jmin ≤E pk, d, j ≤E Pk, d, jmax} , k = 1,2, ..., n where d = 1 indicates a downlink and d = 2 indicates an uplink.

J = 1, 2, ..., Ntk1 (when d = 1) (4) j = 1, 2, ..., ntk2 (when d = 2) E _{Pk, d, jmin} : k section train D _{d, j Panto} point voltage operation minimum value [V] E _{Pk, d, jmax} : k section train D _{d, j Panto} point voltage operation maximum value [V].

(5) Demand constraint The integrated electric energy is predicted and the sending voltage is set within a range not subject to the demand limit. That is, P _Pk ≦ P _dk (5), where P _Pk : integrated power amount prediction value [kWh] P _dk : power threshold value [kWh] in consideration of demand limitation. Here, the integrated power amount predicted value P _Pk is calculated as follows.

P _Pk = E _SSk · I _SSk b) Equality constraint conditions The following are the equation constraint conditions.

(1) Current relational expression k (k = 2, 3, ... N) is the total current flowing into the section (up, down),

[0042]

[Equation 2] Is represented. However, I _PTk-1 is the total train load current [A] in the section 1 to (k-1),

[0043]

[Equation 3] Is represented.

The current input / output in the k (k = 2, 3, ... N) section is

[0045]

[Equation 4] Is represented.

K (k = 2, 3, ... N) section overhead wire current is

[0047]

[Equation 5] Is represented.

(2) Voltage relational expression The potential difference in the section k (k = 2, ... N) is

[0049]

[Equation 6] Is represented.

(3) Line resistance In the present embodiment, the resistance values of the feeder line, the overhead line, and the return line are equal to each other in the upward and downward directions and the value per unit length ar.
(Ar is a constant, unit [Ω / km]).

Therefore, for example, the line resistance r _{1k, 1,2} between the trains D _1,1 and D _{1,2 in the} k section is r _{1k, 1,2} = ar · (P _D1,1 −P _D1,2 ) / 1000 [Ω] (19) P _D1,1 , P _D1,2 : Can be given at the position [m] of trains D _1,1 and D _1,2 .

The above constraint conditions are set in the constraint condition setting means 4, and the evaluation function is set by the evaluation function setting means 5.

Optimization calculation for optimizing the evaluation function J based on the constraint conditions set as described above is performed in the optimum power distribution determining means 6 using, for example, an algorithm of nonlinear programming. Regarding non-linear programming, Konno et al.,
"Nonlinear programming" (Nikka Giren Publishing Co., Ltd., 1978, p25)
Pp. 1-252).

Nonlinear programming generally optimizes (minimizes) the evaluation function f (x) under the condition gi (x) ≤0 i = 1, ... m hj (x) = 0 j = 1 ,. It is a method of finding things, and considers applying it to the substation optimal distribution problem.

First, the decision variable x is the substation k (k =
1, 2, ..., N) sending voltage E _SSk , substation k equivalent DC resistance R _SSk , substation k current I _SSk , substation k direction-specific current I _{fk, a} (a = 1, 2, 3) , 4), k section train D
_{d, j} Pantopoint voltage E _{Pk, d, j} (d = 1, 2, j = 1, 2,
..., ntk1 (d = 1), j = 1, 2, ..., ntk2
(D = 2)), k section overhead wire current I _{1k, d, j} (d = 1, 2,
J = 1, 2, ..., Ntk1 + 1 (d = 1), j = 1,
2, ..., Ntk2 + 1 (d = 2)). Next, the evaluation functions f (x) and (0) can be used as they are. The inequality constraint condition gi (x) corresponds to the equations (1) to (5). Here, in the equation (20), the inequality condition is the left side gi
The right side of (x) must be 0, and the inequality signs must be aligned with ≦. To do so, for example, (1)
The formula can be rewritten as follows.

_Gi (x) = (E _SSi −E _SSiSmin ) (E _SSi −E _SSiSmax ) ≦ 0 i = 1, ..., k (21) Further, the equation condition hj (x) includes (7) ~ (19) Formula is equivalent. Also for this, the right side is set to 0,
The equations (7) to (19) are rewritten as fj (x) = left side−right side = 0. With the above, the above-mentioned substation optimal power distribution problem can be formulated.

In a special case where all trains start to operate at the same time, there is no solution to the optimization problem due to the inequality constraint condition (5). possible. In this case, special processing such as removing the inequality constraint condition (5) is required.

Next, the substation sending-out voltage value calculated as the decision variable in the optimum power distribution determining means 6 as described above is given appropriate rounding and margin allowance by the sending voltage setting means 7, The value is set in the thyristor rectifier 27 of each substation. As a result, the power supply share of each substation is optimally adjusted in real time.

As described above, according to the control device of the first embodiment, it is possible to keep the feeding voltage low enough to secure the required amount of power when the load is light, and the substation with many trains. It is possible to distribute the load by looking at all the substations without biasing the load on the whole, and it is possible to reduce the total amount of electric power. In addition, power regeneration can be used as effectively as possible, and running costs can be suppressed.

The configuration of the second embodiment of the control apparatus according to the present invention is shown in FIG. The control device of this embodiment is the same as the control device shown in FIG. 1 except that a power load predicting means 3 is newly provided. The electric power load predicting unit 3 compares the current train operating condition obtained by the train condition grasping unit 2 with the plan timetable, and after a unit time (for example, 30 minutes) in which the actual train operating condition is taken into consideration. Predict the power load of.

As a concrete example of a simple method, the planned timetable is shown in the early morning time zone (for example, from the first train at 6:00), the morning rush hour zone (from 6:00 to 10:00), and the daytime zone (from 10:00 to 16).
Hours), evening rush hours (16:00 to 20:00), and night hours (from 20:00 to the end), and a fixed value is given to the power load in each time zone in advance according to the schedule. The fixed value is used if there is no delay in train operation, and is increased by 10% in a section where a chronic delay occurs, and the fixed value is increased according to the degree of recovery during recovery operation due to an accident or the like. Can be considered.

Then, under the constraint conditions set by the constraint condition setting means 4, evaluation is performed on the predicted load of each feeding section for the next 30 minutes, for example, after the unit time determined as described above. The optimum delivery voltage value of each substation in the sense that the evaluation function set in the function setting means 5 is minimized is calculated in the optimum power distribution determining means 6 using optimization calculation.

The calculated sending voltage value is set in the rectifier 27 of each substation by the sending voltage setting means 7.

The control device of the second embodiment has the same effect as that of the first embodiment, and predicts the amount of electric power required until the train returns to the normal timetable when the train is delayed. Therefore, it is possible to share the electric power load to achieve more practical energy saving.

Next, the configuration of the third embodiment of the control apparatus according to the present invention is shown in FIG. The control device of this embodiment is different from the control device shown in FIG. 2 in that a power amount recording means 8 and a learning means 10 are newly provided. The electric energy recording means 8 records the amount of electric power used in each substation and sends it to the learning means 10. The learning unit 10 learns the characteristic of the transition of the power usage amount by using the past power usage amount of each substation, and sends this characteristic to the power load prediction unit 3.

As a result, the accuracy of the power load prediction performed by the power load prediction means 3 can be improved. In addition,
It goes without saying that the control device of the third embodiment also has the same effects as the control device of the second embodiment.

In the above embodiment, it is assumed that all the sending voltage of each substation can be adjusted.
There may be substations where the sending voltage cannot be adjusted, either in hardware or in consideration of other systems. In that case, it suffices to remove the sending voltage of the corresponding substation from the decision variable.

[0068]

As described above, according to the present invention, the power supply sharing of each substation is adjusted in real time by comprehensively looking at all substations, thereby suppressing the peak power amount of each substation, As a result, it is possible to suppress the installed capacity as well as to utilize the power regeneration as effectively as possible to suppress the running cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a first embodiment of a railway substation feeding voltage control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a second embodiment of a railway substation feeding voltage control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a third embodiment of the railway substation feeding voltage control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an electric railway feeding system to which the present invention is applied.

5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the power system shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating parallel feeding.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the flow of power regenerative energy.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Train status grasping means 3 Electric power load predicting means 4 Constraint condition setting means 5 Evaluation function setting means 6 Optimal power distribution determining means 7 Sending voltage setting means 8 Electric energy recording means 10 Learning means 27 Rectifier

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. In an electric railway feeding system having a plurality of substations and performing parallel feeding, a train situation grasping means for grasping the on-rail situation and operation situation of a power train and a regenerative car and constraint conditions are set. The constraint condition setting means for setting the evaluation function, the evaluation function setting means for setting the evaluation function, and the distribution of distribution voltage of each substation, the distribution of distribution voltage of each substation that optimizes the evaluation function under the constraint conditions. Optimum power distribution determining means for determining, and based on the power distribution determined by the optimal power distribution determining means, the transmission voltage setting means for setting the transmission voltage value of each substation to the rectifier of the substation, A railway substation feeding voltage control device comprising: 2. A power load predicting means for predicting a power load after a unit time in consideration of the actual operating status of the train by comparing the current operating status of the train obtained by the train status grasping means with a plan diagram, 2. The railway substation according to claim 1, further comprising: when determining the distribution of power distribution to the substation, the distribution of power distribution is determined based on the predicted power load value obtained by the power load prediction means. Feed voltage control device. 3. A power consumption recording unit that records the power consumption of each substation, and a characteristic of the transition of the power consumption is learned using the past power consumption of each substation recorded by the power consumption recording unit. The railway substation feeding voltage control device according to claim 2, further comprising: learning means for sending the characteristic to the power amount predicting means.